CN106192873B - Island Wetland ecological water-retaining method - Google Patents
Island Wetland ecological water-retaining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106192873B CN106192873B CN201610581523.9A CN201610581523A CN106192873B CN 106192873 B CN106192873 B CN 106192873B CN 201610581523 A CN201610581523 A CN 201610581523A CN 106192873 B CN106192873 B CN 106192873B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of island Wetland ecological water-retaining methods, include the following steps：Step 1: building water conservation dam at the downstream exit or entrance of a clitch of runoff ditch, the head clearance for being retained dam is equipped with the discharge opening of multiple recess；Step 2: finishing runoff ditch, and multiple cisterns are excavated on the wetland of its both sides, it is connected to by connection ditch between cistern and runoff ditch and between cistern and cistern；Step 3: the planting aquatic plants on the bright water surface of runoff ditch, cistern and connection ditch, make its coverage up to 60 80%, terrestrial salt-tolerant plant is planted in the side slope and ponding slope surface of island wetland, makes its canopy density 0.8 or more；Step 4: launching aquatile into cistern.The present invention can increase by 28 times of island wetland reservoir storage, shut off 9 37% run-off, reduce reservoir storage 47% evaporation consumption, greatly reduce the waste of freshwater resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wetlands to be retained field.It is more particularly related to a kind of island Wetland ecological water-retaining method.
Background technology
There is area 500m in China2More than 6500, the above island, wherein mostly area is less than 99km2Middle-size and small-size island,
The shortage of freshwater resources not only makes the land-based area ecosystem on these island extremely fragile, but also severely impacts opening for they
Hair utilizes.Precipitation is the unique channel that island obtains natural fresh water supplement, but since ponding area is small, and surface vegetation and soil are protected
Outlet capacity is poor, and major part rainwater is flowed into the sea in the form of runoff when precipitation, causes the freshwater wetland pole agensis on island, biology more
Sample is low, and available ecological capacity is small.
By taking China maximum volcanic island Weizhou Island as an example, the land-based area area 24.74km of Weizhou Island2, year 23.0 DEG C of temperature, every year
Rainfall 1393mm, average annual evaporation capacity 1875mm, precipitation recharge coefficient 0.25, runoff coefficient 0.52.On island Abandoned field because
Unattended has been degenerated for marshland, some intermittent streams, which also deposits, to narrow, water-holding capacity decline.Island wetlands degradation
The result is that a large amount of fresh water diameters flow into sea when rainy season, it can not be provided when dry season comes and meet wetlands ecosystems and stablize required water
Amount.In order to solve the problems, such as that the island freshwater resources are insufficient, once someone had built a reservoir on island, and to many places hilly pond and ditch
Canal carries out hard bottom, sees the bottom the result is that hilly pond arid is not finished in dry season, and irrigation canals and ditches cutout, there is no realize water conservation target.For this purpose, I
Wetland eco-reconstruction practical experience according to recent years in Weizhou Island, it is proposed that a kind of effective island Wetland ecological is protected
Water method.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of island Wetland ecological water-retaining methods, by the way that " engineering water storage-vegetation protects
Three steps of water-biology running water " coordinate to realize the ecology water conservation of island wetland.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of island Wetland ecological water conservation side is provided
Method includes the following steps：
Step 1: water conservation dam is built at the downstream exit or entrance of a clitch of the runoff ditch naturally occurred in the wetland of island, the water conservation dam
Length be more than the width at the exit or entrance of a clitch, the height on the water conservation dam is 0.5-2m, thickness 50-80cm, the top on the water conservation dam
It is equipped at intervals with the discharge opening of multiple recess, the discharge opening is in cuboid, and the length of 30-60cm is highly 15-30cm,
Spacing distance is 15-30cm；It is retained after dam is built up and forms Humid Area in ponding slope surface；
Step 2: modifying the runoff ditch, selected on the wetland along the upward runoff ditch both sides in the downstream of the runoff ditch
It selects topography flat place and excavates multiple cisterns, pass through connection between cistern and runoff ditch and between cistern and cistern
Ditch is connected to；Water storage pool area determines that size is generally in 100m with shape according to topography and geomorphology2-10000m2Between；
Step 3: the planting aquatic plants on the bright water surface of the runoff ditch, cistern and connection ditch, and make its coverage
Up to 60-80%, terrestrial salt-tolerant plant is planted in the side slope and ponding slope surface of island wetland, and make its canopy density 0.8 or more；
Step 4: launching aquatile into the cistern, the seedling injected volume of the aquatile is 30-50kg/
Mu.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method further includes being retained described in the downstream of the runoff ditch
The inside on dam selects suitable position to build reservoir, and the depth of the reservoir is 1.8-2.5m, the bottom of the reservoir and side wall
Angle be 120 °, the bottom of the reservoir is made of with side wall the first rammed earth layer and the impervious barrier being positioned above,
In, the compactness of the first rammed earth layer is more than 95%, and the impervious barrier is made of the density polyethylene film with high of 2mm thickness,
The bottom of the reservoir is also equipped with cobble in the top of the impervious barrier.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 1, the bottom on the water conservation dam also between
Every equipped with multiple osculums, a diameter of 10-12cm of the osculum.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 2, the cistern is that platybasic type stores
One or more of pond, ramp type cistern, ditch ridge type cistern and island pier type cistern.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 2, the depth of the cistern is
0.5-1.5m, the gross area of the cistern are the 20-80% of the island wetland gross area.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 2, the bottom and side of the cistern
Wall is made of the second rammed earth layer and the planting soil layer that is positioned above, wherein the second rammed earth layer it is closely knit
Degree is more than 95%, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 15-20cm, compactness 50-55%.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 3, the water plant is water lily
(Nymphaea tetragonas), swamp cabbage (Ipomoea aquatica), lotus rhizome (Nelumbo nucifera) and raupo
(Typha angustifolia), planting proportion 2: 1: 4: 3.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 3, the terrestrial salt-tolerant plant is apple
Mother-in-law (Sterculia nobilis), Hai Mango (Cerbera manghas), red squama Portugal (Syzygium hancei) and Huang
The rose of Sharon (Hibiscus tiliaceus), planting proportion 2: 3: 3: 2.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 4, the aquatile is loach
(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), Rasborinus formosa (Rasborinuslineatus), Mercuric chloride (Hoplobatrachus
Chinensis) and river snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis), ratio of launching are 4: 2: 2: 2.
Preferably, the island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, the planting soil in the planting soil layer is mainly by as follows
Step is made：
Step A, oyster shell whiting, the sphagna powder of 20-25 parts by weight, the biogas residue of 35-40 parts by weight, the 35- of 15-20 parts by weight are taken
The black earth of the volcanic ash and 70-80 parts by weight of 40 parts by weight, after mixing, sealed fermenting 10-15 days, obtains at 25-30 DEG C
Compost；
Step B, the trehalose and 10- of the cyclodextrin of 1-2 parts by weight, the chitin of 0.5-1 parts by weight, 2-3 parts by weight are taken
The milk myron liquid of 15 parts by weight, stirs 25-30min at 55-60 DEG C, obtains the first mixture；
Step C, the zinc sulfate without photocatalyst, the borax of 1-2 parts by weight and 1-2 parts by weight of 0.5-1 parts by weight is taken, is mixed
After uniformly, the perlite of 10-15 parts by weight is added, mixing, obtains the second mixture again；
Step D, second mixture is added in first mixture, after mixing well, adds the compost,
It is uniformly mixed to get the planting soil.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect：
The first, by engineering water storage, that is, water conservation dam, cistern and connection ditch is built, the bright water surface face of island wetland can be made
Product accounts for the 20-80%, one piece of 10hm of the island wetland gross area2Wetland (assuming that ponding slope surface 30hm2), 20-80% areas become
After cistern, is calculated by average pond depth 1m, reservoir storage 20000-80000m can be increased3, 10hm before repairing2Marsh Wetland it is average
Water-storage depth maximum is up to 10cm, reservoir storage only 10000m3, i.e. 2-8 times of reservoir storage can be improved in water storage project, and ponding slope surface is annual
Rainfall stock number is 417900m3, average run-off 217308m3, water storage project can shut off the run-off of 9-37%, greatly reduce
The wastes of freshwater resources；
The second, it is retained by vegetation, i.e. planting aquatic plants and terrestrial salt-tolerant plant, island wetland can be made to be formed spongy
Underlying surface increases water-holding capacity, while reducing heating of the direct sunlight to water body and ground；Bright water surface year evaporation capacity is
1500mm, 2-8hm2Fresh water amount of evapotranspiring in cistern year is 30000-120000m3, aquatic vegetation year transpiration rate 788.5kg/
m2, 2-8hm2The rising water loss of aquatic vegetation year only 15770-63080m3, i.e. aquatic vegetation can reduce 47%
Evaporation consumption；
Third, by biological running water, that is, launch aquatile, consumption increased while improving wetland primary productivity
Person's quantity may advantageously facilitate wetlands ecosystems balance, and can harvest 150-260kg/ mus of aquatiles every year, increase economy
Benefit；
4th, by building reservoir, when rainy season, can increase the water-holding capacity of island wetland, and water can be drained into storage by when dry season
In pond, the waste of island freshwater resources is reduced；
5th, by the way that osculum is arranged, the draining and water storage on water conservation dam can be easily realized, water storage project is substantially increased and apply
The convenience of work；
6th, it by the way that the thickness and compactness of planting soil layer is arranged, can avoid planting while meeting aquatic plants growth
It plants soil layer to move with flow, causes planting soil layer uneven thickness or planting soil to be deposited at the connection exit or entrance of a clitch, block connection ditch；
7th, pass through the type of screening water plant, terrestrial salt-tolerant plant and aquatile and its planting proportion or throwing
Ratio is put, island wetland ecotourism structure of community is made to stablize, the ecosystem enters from the state of maintenance；
8th, self-control planting soil prepare when, by by oyster shell whiting, sphagna powder, biogas residue, volcanic ash and black earth with suitable proportion
Fermentation process is carried out after mixing, the abundant organic matter wherein contained can be made to be adequately broken, and promotes the trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, silicon
Dissolution, improves fertilizer efficiency, is conducive to being absorbed and utilized for plant；By adding cyclodextrin, chitin, trehalose and milk myron liquid
Mixture can stimulate the growth of root system of plant, plant is promoted to take root as early as possible, improve plant survival rate；By addition without photocatalyst,
Simultaneously mixture is made in itself and perlite by borax and zinc sulfate, can make no photocatalyst, borax and zinc sulfate is evenly dispersed is adsorbed on
On perlite, it long-acting can inhibit and kill the soil-borne disease bacterium in planting soil, plant health is made to grow.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of engineering water storage of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram on water conservation dam of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that Weizhou Island ox horn cheats wetland reparation schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that young small stream wetland reparation schematic diagram is cheated in Weizhou Island.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art's reference
Specification word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments is unless otherwise specified conventional method, institute
Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained；In the description of the present invention, term " transverse direction ", " vertical
To ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", the instructions such as "outside" side
Position or position relationship are to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description,
It is not instruction or implies that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, because
This is not considered as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1：Weizhou Island ox horn cheats wetland
As shown in Figs. 1-3, with reference to Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island provided by the invention, to Weizhou Island ox horn cheat wetland into
Row is repaired, the specific steps are：
Step 1: building water conservation dam, the water conservation at the downstream exit or entrance of a clitch that ox horn cheats the runoff ditch naturally occurred in wetland
The length on dam is 1m, is highly 1m, and the head clearance of thickness 50cm, the water conservation dam are equipped with the discharge opening of 2 recess, described
Discharge opening is in cuboid, and the length of 30cm is highly 15cm, spacing distance 15cm；
Step 2: modifying the 1518m long runoff ditches upwards as starting point to be retained dam, clearing up the mud in runoff ditch and adding
High furrow dam makes the width of runoff ditch reach 0.7m (reservoir storage 850m up to 0.8m, depth3), and selected on the wetland of runoff ditch both sides
It selects topography flat place and excavates 12 cisterns, the depth of cistern is 0.5m, wherein 3 areas of platybasic type cistern are 5hm2、
3 areas of ramp type cistern are 5hm2, 3 areas of ditch ridge type cistern be 5hm2It is with island 3 areas of pier type cistern
5hm2, it is connected to by connection ditch between cistern and runoff ditch and between cistern and cistern, the width of the connection ditch
Degree is 0.5m, depth 0.5m, total length 95m；The reservoir storage 100000m of cistern3
Step 3: in the bright water surface planting water plant of the runoff ditch, cistern and connection ditch, the water plant is
Water lily (Nymphaea tetragonas), swamp cabbage (Ipomoea aquatica), lotus rhizome (Nelumbo nucifera) and water
It lights up (Typha angustifolia), planting proportion 2: 1: 4: 3, and its coverage is made to reach 60-80%, the wetland on island
Terrestrial salt-tolerant plant is planted in side slope and ponding slope surface, the terrestrial salt-tolerant plant is sterculia nobilis (Sterculia nobilis), sea
Mango (Cerbera manghas), red squama Portugal (Syzygium hancei) and the yellow rose of Sharon (Hibiscus tiliaceus),
Planting proportion is 2: 3: 3: 2, and makes its canopy density 0.8 or more；
Step 4: launching aquatile into the cistern, the aquatile is loach (Misgurnus
Anguillicaudatus), Rasborinus formosa (Rasborinuslineatus), Mercuric chloride (Hoplobatrachus chinensis) and
River snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis), ratio of launching are 4: 2: 2: 2, and injected volume is 50kg/ mus.
The island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 2, the bottom and side wall of the cistern is by
Two rammed earth layers and the planting soil layer composition being positioned above, wherein the compactness of the second rammed earth layer is more than
95%, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 15-20cm, compactness 50-55%.
The island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, the planting soil in the planting soil layer are mainly made by following steps：
Step A, the fire of the oyster shell whiting of 15 parts by weight, the sphagna powder of 20 parts by weight, the biogas residue of 35 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight is taken
The black earth of mountain ash and 70 parts by weight, after mixing, sealed fermenting 15 days, obtain compost at 25 DEG C；
Step B, the cyclodextrin of 1 parts by weight, the chitin of 0.5 parts by weight, the trehalose of 2 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight are taken
Milk myron liquid, 30min is stirred at 55 DEG C, obtains the first mixture；
Step C, the zinc sulfate without photocatalyst, the borax of 1 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight of 0.5 parts by weight is taken, is uniformly mixed
Afterwards, the perlite of 10 parts by weight is added, mixing, obtains the second mixture again；
Step D, second mixture is added in first mixture, after mixing well, adds the compost,
It is uniformly mixed to get the planting soil.
Repairing effect：When not repairing, ox horn cheats wetland average water locating depth 0.07m, by ox horn marsh hole Wetland Area 30hm2
2.1 ten thousand m of reservoir storage of calculating3, 20hm after reparation2The reservoir storage and 10hm of cistern2Cheat wetland reservoir storage total 10.7 ten thousand in marsh
m3, the reservoir storage after reparation is preprosthetic 5.1 times.
Embodiment 2：The young small stream wetland in Weizhou Island hole
As shown in Fig. 1,2,4, with reference to Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island provided by the invention, young small stream wetland is cheated to Weizhou Island
It is repaired, the specific steps are：
Step 1: building water conservation dam, the water conservation at the downstream exit or entrance of a clitch of the runoff ditch naturally occurred in the young small stream wetland in hole
The length on dam is 6m, is highly 1m, and the head clearance of thickness 80cm, the water conservation dam are equipped with the discharge opening of 5 recess, described
Discharge opening is in cuboid, and the length of 60cm is highly 30cm, spacing distance 30cm, and it is shallow to build one on the outside of water conservation dam
Postlarva habitat is built in pond, and reservoir is built in the downstream of the runoff ditch on the inside of water conservation dam, and the depth of the reservoir is
2m, the bottom of the reservoir and the angle of side wall are 120 °, and the bottom of the reservoir and side wall are by the first rammed earth layer and position
Square impervious barrier composition thereon, wherein the compactness of the first rammed earth layer is more than 95%, and the impervious barrier is by 2mm
Thick density polyethylene film with high is made, and the bottom of the reservoir is also equipped with cobble in the top of the impervious barrier；
Step 2: modifying the 500m long runoff ditches upwards as starting point to be retained dam, dredging simultaneously digs depth, its width is made to widen
To 2m, depth reaches 1m, and selects topography flat place to excavate the gross area about 3763m on the wetland of its both sides2Cistern, water storage
Tank depth is 0.5-1m, is connected to by connection ditch between cistern and runoff ditch and between cistern and cistern；
Step 3: the planting aquatic plants on the bright water surface of the runoff ditch, cistern and connection ditch, the water plant
For water lily, swamp cabbage, lotus rhizome and floating fern, planting proportion 2: 1: 3: 5, and its coverage is made to reach 60-80%, in island wetland
Side slope and ponding slope surface on plant terrestrial salt-tolerant plant, the terrestrial salt-tolerant plant be water father-in-law, Hai Mango, red squama Portugal and Huang
The rose of Sharon, planting proportion 4: 7: 2: 2, and make its canopy density 0.8 or more；
Step 4: launching aquatile into the cistern, the aquatile is loach, swamp eel, Rasborinus formosa, Mercuric chloride
And river snail, ratio of launching are 1: 3: 5: 2: 1, injected volume is 40kg/ mus.
The island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 1, the bottom on the water conservation dam is also equipped at intervals with 2
Osculum, a diameter of 10-12cm of the osculum control draining or water storage with pipe cap.
The island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, in the step 2, the bottom and side wall of the cistern is by
Two rammed earth layers and the planting soil layer composition being positioned above, wherein the compactness of the second rammed earth layer is more than
95%, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 15-20cm, compactness 50-55%.
The island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, the planting soil in the planting soil layer are mainly made by following steps：
Step A, the fire of the oyster shell whiting of 20 parts by weight, the sphagna powder of 25 parts by weight, the biogas residue of 40 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight is taken
The black earth of mountain ash and 80 parts by weight, after mixing, sealed fermenting 15 days, obtain compost at 30 DEG C；
Step B, take the cyclodextrin of 2 parts by weight, the chitin of 1 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight trehalose and 15 parts by weight ox
Milk myron liquid, 25min is stirred at 60 DEG C, obtains the first mixture；
Step C, the zinc sulfate without photocatalyst, the borax of 2 parts by weight and 2 parts by weight of 1 parts by weight is taken, after mixing,
The perlite of 15 parts by weight is added, again mixing, obtains the second mixture；
Step D, second mixture is added in first mixture, after mixing well, adds the compost,
It is uniformly mixed to get the planting soil.
Repairing effect：In the young small stream wetland in hole, cheats young small stream (runoff ditch) and flow through the villages Xia Keng to seashore overall length from the villages Shang Keng pool
767m, because small stream side soil is opened up wasteland for the proportion of crop planting such as vegetables, small stream face mean breadth about 1.5m, Wetland Area
1150.5m2, reservoir storage (ditch depth is based on 0.5m) about 575m3.Groove face is widened to 2.0m by the way that young stream road dredging will be cheated, and ditching is deep
1m builds the water conservation dam for blocking water 1m high in streams marine outfall, and the wasteland of abandoning for being thus upwardly into 205m sections of excavation limes marginis is constituted newly
4 connected pools, area 3763m2, while widening streams and increasing about 383m2The water surface, therefore increased Wetland Area
For 4146m2, 3.6 times are increased than original Wetland Area, increases water-holding capacity 4146m newly3, increased than original hole son's small stream
7.2 times, the wetland water surface area that young small stream wetland is cheated after reparation has reached 5297m2(8 mu).
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of island Wetland ecological water-retaining method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1: water conservation dam is built at the downstream exit or entrance of a clitch of the runoff ditch naturally occurred in the wetland of island, the length on the water conservation dam
For degree more than the width at the exit or entrance of a clitch, the height on the water conservation dam is 0.5-2m, thickness 50-80cm, the head clearance on the water conservation dam
Discharge opening equipped with multiple recess, the discharge opening are in cuboid, and the length of 30-60cm is highly 15-30cm, interval
Distance is 15-30cm；
Step 2: modifying the runoff ditch, on the wetland along the upward runoff ditch both sides in the downstream of the runoff ditch selectively
Gesture flat place excavates multiple cisterns, is connected by connection ditch between cistern and runoff ditch and between cistern and cistern
It is logical；
Step 3: the planting aquatic plants on the bright water surface of the runoff ditch, cistern and connection ditch, and its coverage is made to reach
60-80% plants terrestrial salt-tolerant plant in the side slope and ponding slope surface of island wetland, and makes its canopy density 0.8 or more；
Step 4: launching aquatile into the cistern, the seedling injected volume of the aquatile is 30-50kg/ mus；
In the step 2, the bottom and side wall of the cistern is by the second rammed earth layer and the planting soil being positioned above
Layer composition, wherein the compactness of the second rammed earth layer is more than 95%, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 15-20cm, close
Solidity is 50-55%；
Planting soil in the planting soil layer is mainly made by following steps：
Step A, oyster shell whiting, the sphagna powder of 20-25 parts by weight, the biogas residue of 35-40 parts by weight, the 35-40 weights of 15-20 parts by weight are taken
The black earth of the volcanic ash and 70-80 parts by weight of part is measured, after mixing, sealed fermenting 10-15 days, obtains compost at 25-30 DEG C；
Step B, the cyclodextrin of 1-2 parts by weight, the chitin of 0.5-1 parts by weight, the trehalose of 2-3 parts by weight and 10-15 weights are taken
The milk myron liquid for measuring part, stirs 25-30min at 55-60 DEG C, obtains the first mixture；
Step C, the zinc sulfate without photocatalyst, the borax of 1-2 parts by weight and 1-2 parts by weight of 0.5-1 parts by weight is taken, is uniformly mixed
Afterwards, the perlite of 10-15 parts by weight is added, mixing, obtains the second mixture again；
Step D, second mixture is added in first mixture, after mixing well, adds the compost, mixed
Uniformly to get the planting soil.
2. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include, in the runoff ditch
The inside that dam is retained described in downstream selects suitable position to build reservoir, and the depth of the reservoir is 1.8-2.5m, the reservoir
Bottom and the angle of side wall be 120 °, the bottom of the reservoir and side wall are by the first rammed earth layer and what is be positioned above prevent
Infiltration layer forms, wherein the compactness of the first rammed earth layer is more than 95%, and the impervious barrier is gathered by the high density of 2mm thickness
Vinyl film is made, and the bottom of the reservoir is also equipped with cobble in the top of the impervious barrier.
3. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1, the water conservation
The bottom on dam is also equipped at intervals with multiple osculums, a diameter of 10-12cm of the osculum.
4. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2, the water storage
Pond is one or more of platybasic type cistern, ramp type cistern, ditch ridge type cistern and island pier type cistern.
5. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2, the water storage
The depth in pond is 0.5-1.5m, and the gross area of the cistern is the 20-80% of the island wetland gross area.
6. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described aquatic in the step 3
Plant is water lily, swamp cabbage, lotus rhizome and raupo, planting proportion 2:1:4:3.
7. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3, the terrestrial
Salt-tolerant plant is sterculia nobilis, Hai Mango, red squama Portugal and the yellow rose of Sharon, planting proportion 2:3:3:2.
8. Wetland ecological water-retaining method in island as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described aquatic in the step 4
Biology is loach, Rasborinus formosa, Mercuric chloride and river snail, and ratio of launching is 4:2:2:2.
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| CN109896632B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2022-01-21 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | Ecological restoration method for degraded wetland in karst mountain area |
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