CN106190492B - 一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，将消泡剂、分散剂加入到煤油中，搅拌均匀后，在高速剪切的状态下加入纳米稀土，使纳米稀土完全分散于煤油中后，加入抗氧剂、基础油和微晶蜡，得到稀土摩托车机油，该产品使发动机接近零磨损，延长了发动机的使用寿命，且形成超强油膜，保持油压长时间稳定，换油里程突破了一般机油的换油期。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法。
背景技术
目前市场上普通摩托车机油在抗磨损及抗氧化方面效果并不突出，而效果较好的一般为添加氟化物的，氟化物对环境有一定的污染性，缺少一种对齿轮保护效果好，环境友好且使用寿命长的产品。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，本发明稳定性好，具有优异的抗摩擦和抗腐蚀性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，其特征在于按照以下步骤进行：
1）制备产品A：将消泡剂、分散剂和煤油按照质量比0.5～3:0.5～3:1000加入到高剪切设备中，搅拌均匀，得到产品A；
2）制备产品B：在高速剪切的状态下将纳米稀土按照一定质量比加入到产品A中，纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为1～30:75～99，得到产品B；
3）制备稀土摩托车机油：将基础油、抗氧剂和蜡按照一定质量比加入到产品B中，搅拌至蜡完全溶解，基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为80～97:1～5:1～5:0.5～10，得到稀土摩托车机油；
所述消泡剂是斯盘-80、二甲基硅油和苯甲基硅油中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述分散剂是三乙基己基磷酸、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺、硬脂酸单甘油酯、聚乙二醇和单烯基丁二酰亚胺中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述纳米稀土为三氧化二钇、二氧化铈和氧化镧中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述抗氧剂是2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双（3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基）硫醚、四〔β-(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸〕季戊四醇酯、双十二碳醇酯、双十四碳醇酯和双十八碳醇酯中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述蜡为石蜡、微晶蜡和蜂蜡中的一种或任意比例的两种以上。
所述高速剪切的转速为1000转/min～5000转/min。
步骤1）中消泡剂为苯甲基硅油和二甲基硅油按照质量比1:2的组合物；分散剂为三乙基己基磷酸和乙烯基双硬脂酰胺按照质量比3:1的组合物；消泡剂、分散剂和煤油的质量比为1.5:1:1000。
步骤2）中高速剪切转速为3000转/min；纳米稀土为二氧化铈和氧化镧按照质量比3:2的组合物；纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为25:75。
步骤3）中蜡为蜂蜡和石蜡按照质量比3:1的组合物；抗氧剂为2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十四碳醇酯和双十二碳醇酯按照质量比2:2:1的组合物；基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为92:1:3:4。
本发明具有以下有益技术效果：
1）、本发明通过物理和化学的方法将纳米稀土稳定分散悬浮于摩托车机油中，不会絮凝和沉积。
2）、本发明使用时，可以形成超强油膜粘附在金属表面，形成类似抛光的“油镀”，对有磨损的部件具有一定的修复作用。
3）、本发明稀土和抗氧剂的加入可以明显增加摩托车机油的耐摩擦性，并延长摩托车机油的使用周期。
4）、本发明使齿轮之间的摩擦阻力接近为零，可以使发动机的输出功率达到最大值，降低油耗，在节约能源方面也有一定作用。
5）、本发明选用稀土氧化物作为改性剂，与稀土氟化物相比不会环保性能更高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
将消泡剂、分散剂和煤油按照质量比1.5:1:1000加入到高剪切设备中，搅拌均匀，得到产品A；在3000转/min高速剪切的状态下，将纳米稀土按照一定质量比加入到产品A中，纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为25:75，得到产品B；将基础油、抗氧剂和蜡按照一定质量比加入到产品B中，基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为92:1:3:4，搅拌至蜡完全溶解，得到稀土摩托车机油。
实施例2
将消泡剂、分散剂和煤油按照质量比1.5:1:1000加入到高剪切设备中，搅拌均匀，得到产品A；在3000转/min高速剪切的状态下，将纳米稀土按照一定质量比加入到产品A中，纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为20:80，得到产品B；将基础油、抗氧剂和蜡按照一定质量比加入到产品B中，基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为92:1:3:4，搅拌至蜡完全溶解，得到稀土摩托车机油。
实施例3
将消泡剂、分散剂和煤油按照质量比1.5:1:1000加入到高剪切设备中，搅拌均匀，得到产品A；在3000转/min高速剪切的状态下，将纳米稀土按照一定质量比加入到产品A中，纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为15:85，得到产品B；将基础油、抗氧剂和蜡按照一定质量比加入到产品B中，基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为92:1:3:4，搅拌至蜡完全溶解，得到稀土摩托车机油。
实施例4
将消泡剂、分散剂和煤油按照质量比1.5:1:1000加入到高剪切设备中，搅拌均匀，得到产品A；在3000转/min高速剪切的状态下，将纳米稀土按照一定质量比加入到产品A中，纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为30:70，得到产品B；将基础油、抗氧剂和蜡按照一定质量比加入到产品B中，基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为92:1:3:4，搅拌至蜡完全溶解，得到稀土摩托车机油。
实施例1至4中消泡剂是消泡剂为苯甲基硅油和二甲基硅油按照质量比1:2的组合物；分散剂为三乙基己基磷酸和乙烯基双硬脂酰胺按照质量比3:1的组合物；纳米稀土为二氧化铈和氧化镧按照质量比3:2的组合物；蜡为蜂蜡和石蜡按照质量比3:1的组合物；抗氧剂为2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十四碳醇酯和双十二碳醇酯按照质量比2:2:1的组合物。
下面结合实验数据进一步说明本发明的有益效果：
1、实验供试材料
1材料与方法：
1.1供试材料：本发明实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4和普通摩托车机油（除未加纳米稀土外，其它制作方法均与实施例1相同）做效果比较。
1.2试验设计：试验设5个处理，做平行。取同样质量的实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4和普通摩托车机油（除未加纳米稀土外，其它制作方法均与实施例1相同）分别均匀涂抹于新生产的10辆雅马哈YZF-R15摩托车的发动机活塞、气缸和轴承上，摩托车行驶达到8000公里时，做保养，分别检查10辆汽车的发动机活塞、气缸和轴承磨损情况，并对油耗做统计。
本实验除采用的处理不同外其他条件均一致。
2结果与分析
实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4和普通摩托车机油（除未加纳米稀土外，其它制作方法均与实施例1相同）处理相比，结果如表1。
表1 各处理对气缸、活塞和轴承磨损情况及油耗的影响
| 气缸磨损情况（正常行驶8000千米时观察） | 活塞磨损情况（正常行驶8000千米时观察） | 轴承磨损情况（正常行驶8000千米时观察） | 平均油耗（L /100km） | |
| 实施例1 | 未显示磨损 | 未显示磨损 | 未显示磨损 | 1.9 |
| 实施例2 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 2.1 |
| 实施例3 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 2.0 |
| 实施例4 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 显示轻微磨损但不明显 | 2.1 |
| 普通汽油机油 | 显示磨损且较明显 | 显示磨损且较明显 | 显示磨损且较明显 | 2.3 |
由表1可以看出实施例1无论是在抗磨损还是在节约油耗方面效果更突出。
Claims (5)
1.一种稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，其特征在于按照以下步骤进行：
1）制备产品A：将消泡剂、分散剂和煤油按照质量比0.5～3:0.5～3:1000加入到高剪切设备中，搅拌均匀，得到产品A；
2）制备产品B：在高速剪切的状态下将纳米稀土按照一定质量比加入到产品A中，纳米稀土和产品A的质量比为25:75，得到产品B；
3）制备稀土摩托车机油：将基础油、抗氧剂和蜡按照一定质量比加入到产品B中，搅拌至蜡完全溶解，基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为80～97:1～5:1～5:0.5～10，得到稀土摩托车机油；
所述消泡剂是斯盘-80、二甲基硅油和苯甲基硅油中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述分散剂是三乙基己基磷酸、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺、硬脂酸单甘油酯、聚乙二醇和单烯基丁二酰亚胺中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述纳米稀土为二氧化铈和氧化镧按照质量比3:2的组合物；
所述抗氧剂是2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双（3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基）硫醚、四〔β-(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸〕季戊四醇酯、双十二碳醇酯、双十四碳醇酯和双十八碳醇酯中的一种或任意比例的两种以上；
所述蜡为石蜡、微晶蜡和蜂蜡中的一种或任意比例的两种以上。
2.如权利要求1所述的稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，其特征在于：所述高速剪切的转速为1000转/min～5000转/min。
3.如权利要求1所述的稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）中消泡剂为苯甲基硅油和二甲基硅油按照质量比1:2的组合物；分散剂为三乙基己基磷酸和乙烯基双硬脂酰胺按照质量比3:1的组合物；消泡剂、分散剂和煤油的质量比为1.5:1:1000。
4.如权利要求1所述的稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤2）中高速剪切转速为3000转/min。
5.如权利要求1所述的稀土摩托车机油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3）中蜡为蜂蜡和石蜡按照质量比3:1的组合物；抗氧剂为2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双十四碳醇酯和双十二碳醇酯按照质量比2:2:1的组合物；基础油、抗氧剂、蜡和产品B的质量比为92:1:3:4。
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