CN106187403A - A kind of fermentation substrate of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses fermentation substrate of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting and preparation method thereof, be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution, stalk fibre, laterite, grape skin, calcium lactate, potassium humate, sheep stool ball, soybean pod shell powder, sesame cake meal, fishbone powder, EM microbial inoculum, kieselguhr, chitin, lysine and appropriate water；In the tunning of liquid fermentation, containing the active substance that various plants are useful, and the microorganism fungus kind added, the chance of a good amplification culture can also be obtained, the quantity of probiotics is certain to be greatly improved, then fibrous straw is utilized to adsorb, the effect duration of active component can be extended, the fermentation substrate used is cheated in trees field planting as the commerial growing of a kind of gardens, improve the soil organism, keep soil from packing together, the life cycle of whole tree plays very important effect.

Description

A kind of fermentation substrate of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of plantation, be specifically related to the fermentation base of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting Matter and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

The suitable planting environment of trees is typically advisable with the sandy loam rich in abundant organic matter, and loose soil property improves fruit tree The Repiration of root system, the beneficially accumulation of root system dry, improve growth and the extension of root system, expand the underground part of fruit tree Point, raising root system is for the utilization of liquid manure indirectly, keeps powerful vitality and resistance.

Planting of park tree, the particularly plantation of view trees, be contemplated to pursue man and nature environment harmony A kind of embodiment.Plant landscape tree, not only have its sight, it is possible to beautify the environment, and also have its economic worth.Since Landscape tree has irreplaceable effect to improvement and the expanding economy of environment；Have and beautify, keep out the wind, cover, purify sky Gas, weaken noise, reduce radiation and the effect such as betterment.But really can utilize these advantages it is crucial that select suitably tree Kind, plant in suitable place, the most not only can ensure that and survive, and the maintenance cost of trees, scape can be substantially reduced See tree all the more so.If can not selecting suitable kind, being planted in suitable place, that final result can only be that chicken flies egg Beat, exhaust the people and drain the treasury.Selecting seeds when, first have to, it is considered that the demand set, on-site original seeds to be selected. The survival of the fittest in natural selection that these trees have passed through more than one thousand years develops into today, and this is not unalterable certainly, if soil and environment There occurs great variety, these autochthonal trees may the most no longer adapt to the environment of surrounding.

Plant is the natural treasure-house of bioactive compound, and its secondary metabolite produced is more than 400,000 kinds, and some is secondary Raw metabolite for resisting adverse circumstance injury formation, often has some special biological nature in long term survival is competed, Providing rich in natural resources for research and development botanical pesticide, add up according to investigations, China focuses primarily upon as the plant of pesticide The kinds more than 30 such as chinaberry, Compositae, pulse family, Celastraceae, Euphorbiaceae.Chemically angle is seen, plant source anti-insect activity composition mainly includes Alkaloid, unique aminoacid and chitosan, protein, terpenoid and ethereal oil, triterpenoid compound.

Summary of the invention

Inventing the plantation feature according to view trees, work out the growth substrate of a kind of applicable gardens growth, it possesses Absorption property and insect resistace ability, simultaneously because garden landscape trees is grown in the areas such as park, not possessing soil property fluffy also mostly Rich in organic sandy loam, keep soil from packing together so this substrate also has concurrently, the feature of raising agron:

The fermentation substrate of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution 70 ~ 90, stalk fibre 45 ~ 60, laterite 15 ~ 20, grape skin 20 ~ 25, calcium lactate 2 ~ 4, potassium humate 10 ~ 16, sheep stool ball 30 ~ 45, soybean pod shell powder 30 ~ 40, sesame cake meal 25 ~ 35, fishbone powder 10 ~ 16, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, kieselguhr 15 ~ 22, chitin 2 ~ 4, lysine 6 ~ 10 and appropriate water；

Described stalk fibre be mixed weight (part) be the Pyrethrum straw 10 ~ 15 of unit, Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae grass straw 6 ~ 10, Celastrus angulatus Straw 6 ~ 9, toosendanin straw 3 ~ 5, Pepper stalk 2 ~ 4 and Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii straw 10 ~ 14, pulverize slagging, be then placed in 3 ~ 5wt%'s In NaOH solution 60 ~ 70, being heated to 65 ~ 70 DEG C of stirring 4 ~ 6h, centrifugal segregation top layer cotton-shaped mesophyll composition, by lower floor's washing residue The filament of 2 ~ 3 times post-dryings.

The preparation method of the fermentation substrate of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting, it is characterised in that include following step Rapid:

(1) stalk fibre is added to 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution immersion 20 ~ 25h, pull the 30 ~ 40min that dries in the air after completing out, then Putting in microwave treater, power 800 ~ 1000W effect 10 ~ 15min, by fiber surface carbonization, obtains carbonization stalk fibre；

(2) mixing grape skin, sheep stool ball, soybean pod shell powder, sesame cake meal and fishbone powder, high temperature sterilize also grinds to form powder, adds Entering fermentation tank and add water to material-water ratio 1:4 ~ 6, inoculate EM microbial inoculum, ventilation carries out liquid fermentation 40 ~ 50h, adds described in (1) after completing Stalk fibre stirring adsorb；

(3) it is ground into granule after being calcined by laterite, then mixes kieselguhr, chitin and other residual components as base material, add Add the mixed solution of (2), air-dry to water content 10 ~ 16%.

It is raw material that research and utilization has the straw of plant source activity, after processing, makes straw have anti- Insect pest ability and have the stalk fibre of adsorption effect concurrently, the winding of fiber can be effectively improved the mechanical tension of soil, make soil Though colloid the most not gluing overstocked causing harden, but problems faced is: have the plant source plant of pest-resistant characteristic Straw, if being directly used in the substrate of arboriculture, in humidity and the soil rich in various microorganisms, decomposing soon, rising Less than long-term effect, there is pest-resistant active class material alkaloid simultaneously as flow action runs off serious, so this This kind of straw is first passed through process by invention, removes the most of mesophyll composition in straw, retains rich in lignin and fracture toughness Good wood fibre part, then the surface to fiber carries out carbonization so that it is have absorbability, does not use traditional High-temperature closed charring process, owing to high temperature has destruction to the active component of plant source, disagrees with the idea of the present invention.

Invent and will carry out microwave treatment, equally to the straw rich in lignin through the straw of removal mesophyll part Stalk carries out carbonization, through the test to Folium Artemisiae Argyi straw, by the straw of Folium Artemisiae Argyi through drying, pulverizing 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves, weighs 10g Putting into beaker, add a certain amount of phosphoric acid and water retting 24h, be then placed in microwave oven, under certain power, radiation is certain After time, the thick product of taking-up obtains activated carbon composition after overpickling and washing, it was demonstrated that microwave carbonization straw under certain condition Feasibility, the power that optimum charring process is microwave that draws of test is 800 ~ 1000W, radiated time 10 ~ 15min, straw With phosphoric acid and the mass ratio of water be 1:3:20 be the most suitable；And plant-derived anti-insect activity material most importantly alkaloid, greatly Most alkaloid fusing points is all between 150 ~ 220 DEG C, so completely under the temperature that microwave extraction power produces, strong Protect alkaloids isoreactivity material, there are some researches prove simultaneously: the effect of microwave also helps the extraction of alkaloids, with regard to this A lot of periodical is had also to do similar research.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: in the tunning of liquid fermentation, containing the active substance that various plants are useful, and The microorganism fungus kind added, it is also possible to obtaining the chance of a good amplification culture, the quantity of probiotics is certain to significantly carry Height, then utilizes fibrous straw to adsorb, can extend the effect duration of active component, plants as a kind of gardens large area The fermentation substrate that the trees field planting hole of training uses, improves the soil organism, keeps soil from packing together, in the life cycle of whole tree Play very important effect.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

The fermentation substrate of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (Kg): 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution 75, stalk fibre 55, laterite 16, grape skin 24, calcium lactate 2, potassium humate 12, sheep stool ball 36, soybean pod Shell powder 36, sesame cake meal 28, fishbone powder 12, EM microbial inoculum 2, kieselguhr 20, chitin 3, lysine 9 and appropriate water；

Described stalk fibre be mixed weight (Kg) be the Pyrethrum straw 12 of unit, Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae grass straw 8, Celastrus angulatus straw 8, Toosendanin straw 4, Pepper stalk 3 and Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii straw 12, pulverize slagging, be then placed in the NaOH solution 65 of 3 ~ 5wt%, add Heat is to 65 ~ 70 DEG C of stirring 4 ~ 6h, centrifugal segregation top layer cotton-shaped mesophyll composition, thread by 2 ~ 3 times post-dryings of lower floor's washing residue Thing.

The preparation method of the fermentation substrate of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting, it is characterised in that include following step Rapid:

(1) stalk fibre is added to 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution immersion 20 ~ 25h, pull the 30 ~ 40min that dries in the air after completing out, then Putting in microwave treater, power 800 ~ 1000W effect 10 ~ 15min, by fiber surface carbonization, obtains carbonization stalk fibre；

(2) mixing grape skin, sheep stool ball, soybean pod shell powder, sesame cake meal and fishbone powder, high temperature sterilize also grinds to form powder, adds Entering fermentation tank and add water to material-water ratio 1:4 ~ 6, inoculate EM microbial inoculum, ventilation carries out liquid fermentation 40 ~ 50h, adds described in (1) after completing Stalk fibre stirring adsorb；

(3) it is ground into granule after being calcined by laterite, then mixes kieselguhr, chitin and other residual components as base material, add Add the mixed solution of (2), air-dry to water content 10 ~ 16%.

The cultivation matrix of the present invention is used for planting the test of Radix Cinnamomi porrecti, during transplanting, substrate is cheated the end with field planting The ratio mixing of soil 1:3 is inserted in hole, and as experimental group, the trees of matched group use usual manner to process, and result proves: this Bright substrate can keep the soil fluffy time longer, and adsorption by soil power is good, and tree vigor is more preferable, improves yield and improves economy It is worth.

Claims (2)

1. the fermentation substrate of an ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution 70 ~ 90, stalk fibre 45 ~ 60, laterite 15 ~ 20, grape skin 20 ~ 25, calcium lactate 2 ~ 4, potassium humate 10 ~ 16, sheep stool ball 30 ~ 45, soybean pod shell powder 30 ~ 40, sesame cake meal 25 ~ 35, fishbone powder 10 ~ 16, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, kieselguhr 15 ~ 22, chitin 2 ~ 4, lysine 6 ~ 10 and appropriate water；

Described stalk fibre be mixed weight (part) be the Pyrethrum straw 10 ~ 15 of unit, Radix seu Caulis Derridis Trifoliatae grass straw 6 ~ 10, Celastrus angulatus Straw 6 ~ 9, toosendanin straw 3 ~ 5, Pepper stalk 2 ~ 4 and Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii straw 10 ~ 14, pulverize slagging, be then placed in 3 ~ 5wt%'s In NaOH solution 60 ~ 70, being heated to 65 ~ 70 DEG C of stirring 4 ~ 6h, centrifugal segregation top layer cotton-shaped mesophyll composition, by lower floor's washing residue The filament of 2 ~ 3 times post-dryings.

The fermentation substrate of a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs large area field planting, it is characterised in that include following several Individual step:

(1) stalk fibre is added to 15 ~ 20wt% phosphoric acid solution immersion 20 ~ 25h, pull the 30 ~ 40min that dries in the air after completing out, then Putting in microwave treater, power 800 ~ 1000W effect 10 ~ 15min, by fiber surface carbonization, obtains carbonization stalk fibre；

(2) mixing grape skin, sheep stool ball, soybean pod shell powder, sesame cake meal and fishbone powder, high temperature sterilize also grinds to form powder, adds Entering fermentation tank and add water to material-water ratio 1:4 ~ 6, inoculate EM microbial inoculum, ventilation carries out liquid fermentation 40 ~ 50h, adds described in (1) after completing Stalk fibre stirring adsorb；

(3) it is ground into granule after being calcined by laterite, then mixes kieselguhr, chitin and other residual components as base material, add Add the mixed solution of (2), air-dry to water content 10 ~ 16%.