CN106183347B - 一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106183347B
CN106183347B CN201610652634.4A CN201610652634A CN106183347B CN 106183347 B CN106183347 B CN 106183347B CN 201610652634 A CN201610652634 A CN 201610652634A CN 106183347 B CN106183347 B CN 106183347B
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潘建新
张陆贤
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Guangde God's Will New Technology Ltd Co
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，所述隔热隔音减震纤维毡包括XPE层、散热片层、复合层和阻尼隔音毡；所述复合层由纺织品碎片、无纺布碎片、阻燃剂、聚异戊二烯橡胶、乙烯‑乙酸乙烯酯橡胶、偶联剂、聚酯纤维、玻璃绒和石棉纤维加工制成；本发明的制备方法为：a.注铝成型模压加工铝合金散热片；b.XPE层喷涂；c.制备复合层；d.粘接复合层和阻尼隔音毡；e.通过模压机将四个结构层复合为一体；采用本发明制成的产品质量轻，吸音、隔热、减震效果好，且成本低，经济环保。

Description

一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车内部饰件技术领域，具体涉及一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法。
背景技术
随着世界经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的不断提高，汽车工业发展迅速。人们对汽车的要求不仅仅是造型优美的外观、内部装饰的舒适性、功能性，而且对车辆内饰的环保性能、抗噪性能也提出新的要求。但是目前汽车隔音垫和部分内饰件的材料一般采用酚醛树脂棉，由于酚醛树脂棉的合成机理以及其的特殊性质，导致其含有有害物质和刺鼻的气味，长期置于汽车车内空间，会给车内环境带来一定的污染，同时对人体也会产生一定的伤害。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术之弊端，提供一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔热隔音减震纤维毡从上到下依次包括XPE层、散热片层、复合层和阻尼隔音毡；
所述XPE层置于本发明的上表面，所述散热片层为铝合金散热片，所述铝合金散热片层下表面上均匀设置有沉孔，所述沉孔的孔内塞入无纺布碎片；
所述复合层由纺织品碎片、无纺布碎片、阻燃剂、聚异戊二烯橡胶、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶、偶联剂、聚酯纤维、玻璃绒和石棉纤维加工制成；
本发明的制备方法为：
a.注铝成型模压加工铝合金散热片:该步骤在用于注铝的模压机上实施，用于注铝的模压机具有下模和上模，下模和上模闭合后的空腔与产品件轮廓完全符合，上下模合模后液态铝在压力作用下从位于下模中部的注料孔进入下模，冷却后即得到带有沉孔的铝合金散热片；
b.XPE层喷涂：将载有铝合金散热片的下模输送到喷涂区，向下模中的铝合金散热片上喷涂XPE熔融液；喷涂量控制在30g～60g/秒，喷涂均匀厚度为1～2mm,得到本发明的半成品一；
c.将纺织品破碎加工成10mm以下的纤维，充分蓬松后备用；
按重量份取5～8份聚异戊二烯橡胶、3～5份乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶和0.5～1份偶联剂加热熔融，加入3～5份阻燃剂混合均匀；再加入20～30份蓬松后的纺织品碎片、10～15份无纺布碎片、5～8份聚酯纤维、5～8份玻璃绒、5～8份石棉纤维充分搅拌混合均匀，形成混合物备用；
将上述混合物相对均匀地平铺成型后进入烘箱，当温度为150～165℃时，在气流穿透作用下烘烤200～250秒，即得到所述复合层；
d.通过硅溶胶粘接复合层和阻尼隔音毡，形成本发明的半成品二；
e.通过硅溶胶粘接半成品一和半成品二,再通过模压机将四个结构层复合为一体；
f.水切割:将模压复合为一体的四个结构层经切割成型，形成本发明产品件。
进一步的，所述XPE层厚度为1～2mm，所述散热片层厚度为3～4mm，所述复合层厚度为3～5mm，所述阻尼隔音毡厚度为0.8～1.2mm。
进一步的，所述沉孔的孔径为8～12mm。
进一步的，所述纺织品中含棉重量百分比为15～30％，余量为化纤纤维，所述聚酯纤维的线密度小于0.22tex。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明设XPE层为底层，该底层泡孔细、抗拉强度高、弹性好，贴合度高，避免出现产品与贴合面之间的缝隙，使本发明具有优良的吸音、隔音、隔热效果；本发明的制备方法采用铝板注铝成型工艺，解决了原冲孔加工在成型过程中由于铝板太薄导致表层拉裂的问题，提升了产品质量；在铝合金散热片上设置沉孔并在孔内塞入无纺布碎片，更有助于消音、隔热和防震，同时也减轻了产品的重量；发明采用热压一次成型，保证了各层间的连接质量。
本发明采用由纺织品碎片、无纺布碎片、阻燃剂和聚异戊二烯橡胶加工制成的复合层，纺织品可采用废旧服装、服装厂边角料为主要材料，有效地降低了生产成本；聚异戊二烯橡胶具有优良的力学性能，强度大，抗撕裂性能好，尤其黏着性极好，聚酯纤维、玻璃绒和石棉纤维混合后，隔音效果突出，制成的复合层具有优良的韧性、吸音性、隔热性、减震性能。
因此，本发明提供的一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，制成的产品质量轻，吸音、隔热、减震效果好，且成本低，经济环保。
附图说明
图1为本发明的剖面示意图；
其中，1-XPE层；2-散热片层；3-复合层；4-阻尼隔音毡；5-无纺布碎片；6-沉孔。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明。
一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，包括XPE层1、散热片层2、复合层3和阻尼隔音毡4；所述XPE层1置于本发明的内表面，厚度为1～2mm，起到绝热、缓冲、吸音、成型、耐油、耐酸的作用，无毒无味，节能环保；
所述散热片层2为铝合金散热片，位于所述XPE层1的外表面，厚度为3～4mm，铝合金应用广泛，成本低，采用铝合金作为散热片效果优于其他合金散热片，经实验表明，铝合金厚度为3～4mm时，散热效果最佳；不仅如此，加入铝合金散热片，可为本发明定型，提高本发明的硬度；所述散热片层2上与XPE层粘接的另一表面上均匀设置有孔径为8～12mm的沉孔6，所述沉孔6的孔内塞入无纺布碎片5，使散热隔音透气和减震效果更佳；
所述复合层3位于所述散热片层2的外表面，厚度为3～5mm，由纺织品碎片、无纺布碎片、阻燃剂、聚异戊二烯橡胶、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶、偶联剂、聚酯纤维、玻璃绒和石棉纤维加工制成。
所述阻尼隔音毡4位于所述复合层的外表面，厚度为0.8～1.2mm，阻尼隔音毡厚度薄，在同等面积下有效地提高了空间的使用率，创造更大的效益；隔音效果有非常好地保证；还能防潮、阻燃，无毒环保，稳定耐用，能提高本发明的使用寿命；
本发明的制备方法为：
a.注铝成型模压加工铝合金散热片:该步骤在用于注铝的模压机上实施，用于注铝的模压机具有下模和上模，下模和上模闭合后的空腔与产品件轮廓完全符合，上下模合模后液态铝在压力作用下从位于下模中部的注料孔进入下模，冷却后即得到带有沉孔的铝合金散热片；
b.XPE层喷涂：将载有铝合金散热片的下模输送到喷涂区，向下模中的铝合金散热片上喷涂XPE熔融液；喷涂量控制在30g～60g/秒，喷涂均匀厚度为1～2mm,得到本发明的半成品一；
c.将纺织品破碎加工成10mm以下的纤维，充分蓬松后备用；
按重量份取5～8份聚异戊二烯橡胶、3～5份乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶和0.5～1份偶联剂加热熔融，加入3～5份阻燃剂混合均匀；再加入20～30份蓬松后的纺织品碎片、10～15份无纺布碎片、5～8份聚酯纤维、5～8份玻璃绒、5～8份石棉纤维充分搅拌混合均匀，形成混合物备用；
将上述混合物相对均匀地平铺成型后进入烘箱，当温度为170～280℃时，在气流穿透作用下烘烤40～180秒，即得到所述复合层；
其中纺织品中含棉重量百分比为15～30％，余量为化纤纤维，聚酯纤维的线密度小于0.22tex；
经上述方法制成的复合层，拉力系数会提高15％以上，隔热效果能提高60％以上，吸音效果提高70％以上；
d.通过硅溶胶粘接复合层和阻尼隔音毡，形成本发明的半成品二；
e.通过硅溶胶粘接半成品一和半成品二,再通过模压机将四个结构层复合为一体；
f.水切割:将模压复合为一体的四个结构层经切割成型，形成本发明产品件。
以上对本发明的一个实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔热隔音减震纤维毡从上到下依次包括XPE层、散热片层、复合层和阻尼隔音毡；
所述XPE层置于所述隔热隔音减震纤维毡的上表面，所述散热片层为铝合金散热片，所述铝合金散热片层下表面上均匀设置有沉孔，所述沉孔的孔内塞入无纺布碎片；
所述复合层由纺织品碎片、无纺布碎片、阻燃剂、聚异戊二烯橡胶、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶、偶联剂、聚酯纤维、玻璃绒和石棉纤维加工制成；
制备方法为：
a.注铝成型模压加工铝合金散热片:该步骤在用于注铝的模压机上实施，用于注铝的模压机具有下模和上模，下模和上模闭合后的空腔与产品件轮廓完全符合，上下模合模后液态铝在压力作用下从位于下模中部的注料孔进入下模，冷却后即得到带有沉孔的铝合金散热片；
b.XPE层喷涂：将载有铝合金散热片的下模输送到喷涂区，向下模中的铝合金散热片上喷涂XPE熔融液；喷涂量控制在30g～60g/秒，喷涂均匀厚度为1～2mm,得到半成品一；
c.将纺织品破碎加工成10mm以下的纤维，充分蓬松后备用；
按重量份取5～8份聚异戊二烯橡胶、3～5份乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶和0.5～1份偶联剂加热熔融，加入3～5份阻燃剂混合均匀；再加入20～30份蓬松后的纺织品碎片、10～15份无纺布碎片、5～8份聚酯纤维、5～8份玻璃绒、5～8份石棉纤维充分搅拌混合均匀，形成混合物备用；
将上述混合物相对均匀地平铺成型后进入烘箱，当温度为150～165℃时，在气流穿透作用下烘烤200～250秒，即得到所述复合层；
d.通过硅溶胶粘接复合层和阻尼隔音毡，形成半成品二；
e.通过硅溶胶粘接半成品一和半成品二,再通过模压机将四个结构层复合为一体；
f.水切割:将模压复合为一体的四个结构层经切割成型，形成产品件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于，所述XPE层厚度为1～2mm，所述散热片层厚度为3～4mm，所述复合层厚度为3～5mm，所述阻尼隔音毡厚度为0.8～1.2mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于，所述沉孔的孔径为8～12mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔热隔音减震纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于，所述纺织品中含棉重量百分比为15～30％，余量为化纤纤维，所述聚酯纤维的线密度小于0.22tex。
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