CN106167409A - 一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106167409A
CN106167409A CN201610517488.4A CN201610517488A CN106167409A CN 106167409 A CN106167409 A CN 106167409A CN 201610517488 A CN201610517488 A CN 201610517488A CN 106167409 A CN106167409 A CN 106167409A
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汪德发
徐超
张国芳
翟建
赵文定
王效力
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，由以下重量份的原料组成：氧化铝45‑58份、偏钒酸铵9‑17份、氧化镁24‑33份、金属粉末8‑14份、硅酸镁5‑10份；其制备步骤包括将氧化铝等原料混合后真空焙烧，一定温度后交替通入氧气和氮气至最大温度后冷却，即得。本发明所述感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法易于实现，大大增加了炉衬本体的使用寿命，具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着现代工业的不断发展，高炉技术也不断在进步，其中一个最重要的参数就是高炉的寿命。这除了归因于高炉炉体结构参数逐渐趋向于合理化以及操作参数的进一步优化外，高炉炉衬材料与施工技术的进步也是不可忽视的重要组成部分。
炉衬耐火材料作为高炉炉衬的重要组成部分，其本身的耐用性将直接决定着高炉的使用年限。而当下大部分炉衬耐火材料的诸多性能仍然不能满足高炉连续多次的重复使用，即在炉料更换以及多次急冷急热情况下炉衬材料不能够很好的做到耐腐蚀，抗震以及由于反复过冷过热而导致的应力开裂甚至脱落，大大降低了高炉的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将氧化铝、偏钒酸铵、氧化镁、金属粉末充分混合均匀后再加入硅酸镁搅拌均匀得到混合物A，其中各原料重量份为：氧化铝45-58份、偏钒酸铵9-17份、氧化镁24-33份、金属粉末8-14份、硅酸镁5-10份；
2)将步骤1)制得的混合物A充分干燥后在压力机上以98-120MPa的压力干压成型得到块状体B；
3)将步骤2)中得到的块状体B在真空环境下焙烧，最大焙烧温度为800-1100℃，焙烧过程的升温速率为3-6℃/min；
4)待步骤3)中焙烧温度达到605-660℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，焙烧升温速率调整为1-3℃/min；
5)待步骤4)中焙烧温度达到最大温度时再次抽真空，保温6-10小时后冷却至室温，即得。
优选的，所述步骤1)中各原料重量份为：氧化铝56份、偏钒酸铵11份、氧化镁30份、金属粉末13份、硅酸镁6份；
优选的，所述步骤1)中金属粉末为铝粉和镁粉中任意一种或者两者的混合物。
优选的，所述步骤3)中最大焙烧温度为1050℃，升温速率为5℃/min。
优选的，所述步骤4)中焙烧温度达到625℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，升温速率调整为1.5℃/min；；
优选的，所述步骤5)中保温时间为7小时。
本发明提供了一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，其有益效果是：本发明各组成原料混合性较好。本发明将混合原料在真空下焙烧，可以有效杜绝外界环境对烧结过程的干扰，为后续通入不同气氛做好准备。当焙烧温度升至一定值时，原料中金属粉末将逐渐变为液相存在于混合物中，对应力作用起到缓冲作用，有效增加材料的热震稳定性。此外，由于新生成的液相金属具有较强的活性，通过交替进行氧气和氮气的通入使其生成对应的氧化物和氮化物，而这种新生成的氧化物和氮化物可以有效增加材料本体的抗氧化和耐腐蚀性。本发明所述感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法易于实现，大大增加了炉衬本体的使用寿命，具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明的实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将氧化铝、偏钒酸铵、氧化镁、金属粉末充分混合均匀后再加入硅酸镁搅拌均匀得到混合物A，其中各原料重量份为：氧化铝56份、偏钒酸铵11份、氧化镁30份、铝粉8份、镁粉5份、硅酸镁6份；
2)将步骤1)制得的混合物A充分干燥后在压力机上以98MPa的压力干压成型得到块状体B；
3)将步骤2)中得到的块状体B在真空环境下焙烧，最大焙烧温度为1050℃，焙烧过程的升温速率为5℃/min；
4)待步骤3)中焙烧温度达到625℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，焙烧升温速率调整为1.5℃/min；
5)待步骤4)中焙烧温度达到最大温度时再次抽真空，保温7小时后冷却至室温，即得。
实施例2：
一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将氧化铝、偏钒酸铵、氧化镁、金属粉末充分混合均匀后再加入硅酸镁搅拌均匀得到混合物A，其中各原料重量份为：氧化铝45份、偏钒酸铵17份、氧化镁24份、铝粉13份、硅酸镁10份；
2)将步骤1)制得的混合物A充分干燥后在压力机上以110MPa的压力干压成型得到块状体B；
3)将步骤2)中得到的块状体B在真空环境下焙烧，最大焙烧温度为1100℃，焙烧过程的升温速率为6℃/min；
4)待步骤3)中焙烧温度达到605℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，焙烧升温速率调整为1℃/min；
5)待步骤4)中焙烧温度达到最大温度时再次抽真空，保温6小时后冷却至室温，即得。
实施例3：
一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将氧化铝、偏钒酸铵、氧化镁、金属粉末充分混合均匀后再加入硅酸镁搅拌均匀得到混合物A，其中各原料重量份为：氧化铝58份、偏钒酸铵9份、氧化镁33份、镁粉13份、硅酸镁5份；
2)将步骤1)制得的混合物A充分干燥后在压力机上以120MPa的压力干压成型得到块状体B；
3)将步骤2)中得到的块状体B在真空环境下焙烧，最大焙烧温度为800℃，焙烧过程的升温速率为3℃/min；
4)待步骤3)中焙烧温度达到660℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，焙烧升温速率调整为3℃/min；
5)待步骤4)中焙烧温度达到最大温度时再次抽真空，保温10小时后冷却至室温，即得。
实施例4：
一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将氧化铝、偏钒酸铵、氧化镁、金属粉末充分混合均匀后再加入硅酸镁搅拌均匀得到混合物A，其中各原料重量份为：氧化铝49份、偏钒酸铵14份、氧化镁29份、铝粉3份、镁粉10份、硅酸镁5份；；
2)将步骤1)制得的混合物A充分干燥后在压力机上以100MPa的压力干压成型得到块状体B；
3)将步骤2)中得到的块状体B在真空环境下焙烧，最大焙烧温度为900℃，焙烧过程的升温速率为4℃/min；
4)待步骤3)中焙烧温度达到640℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，焙烧升温速率调整为2℃/min；
5)待步骤4)中焙烧温度达到最大温度时再次抽真空，保温9小时后冷却至室温，即得。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)将氧化铝、偏钒酸铵、氧化镁、金属粉末充分混合均匀后再加入硅酸镁搅拌均匀得到混合物A，其中各原料重量份为：氧化铝45-58份、偏钒酸铵9-17份、氧化镁24-33份、金属粉末8-14份、硅酸镁5-10份；
2)将步骤1)制得的混合物A充分干燥后在压力机上以98-120MPa的压力干压成型得到块状体B；
3)将步骤2)中得到的块状体B在真空环境下焙烧，最大焙烧温度为800-1100℃，焙烧过程的升温速率为3-6℃/min；
4)待步骤3)中焙烧温度达到605-660℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，焙烧升温速率调整为1-3℃/min；
5)待步骤4)中焙烧温度达到最大温度时再次抽真空，保温6-10小时后冷却至室温，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中各原料重量份为：氧化铝56份、偏钒酸铵11份、氧化镁30份、金属粉末13份、硅酸镁6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中金属粉末为铝粉和镁粉中任意一种或者两者的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3)中最大焙烧温度为1050℃，升温速率为5℃/min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4)中焙烧温度达到625℃时，开始交替通入氧气和氮气，升温速率调整为1.5℃/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的感应炉炉衬用复合耐火材料的制备方法， 其特征在于，所述步骤5)中保温时间为7小时。
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