CN106150505A - Efficient fine blasting method for ultrathin ore body - Google Patents
Efficient fine blasting method for ultrathin ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN106150505A CN106150505A CN201610782314.0A CN201610782314A CN106150505A CN 106150505 A CN106150505 A CN 106150505A CN 201610782314 A CN201610782314 A CN 201610782314A CN 106150505 A CN106150505 A CN 106150505A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency fine blasting method of an extremely thin ore body, which belongs to the field of mining and comprises the following steps: step 1, arranging a rock drilling project: when the inclination angle of the ore body is less than or equal to 30 degrees, tunneling, drilling and climbing are performed in the direction vertical to the ore body; when the inclination angle of the ore body is larger than 30 degrees, arranging a sectional rock drilling roadway along the direction of the ore body; step 2, arranging blast holes: a plurality of blast holes which form included angles of 40-60 degrees with the center line of the roadway are arranged on the two sides of the ore body, and the blast holes comprise: side blast holes and middle blast holes; step 3, charging: filling blasting explosive into each blast hole by adopting a gradient charging structure matched with the size of the blasting resistance line; and 4, detonating: and selecting all blast holes to perform detonation blasting according to a set sequence according to the stable state of the top and the bottom plates of the ore rock. The method can improve the production capacity, save the mining and cutting engineering quantity, reduce the dilution rate, realize the fine blasting control of the limited space, is a brand new high-efficiency fine blasting method for the extremely thin ore body, adopts the deep hole high-efficiency blasting, and only recovers the ore without damaging the surrounding rock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of mining, particularly relate to the efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body.
Background technology
Very thin orebody mining is the technical barrier on world wide interior mining circle.Extra narrow vein is at China's non-ferrous metal and gold
In mine, distribution is relatively wide, and occupies certain weight proportion.At present, the mining methods of this type of ore body can divide two big classes, i.e. mixed adopt and
Point adopting, mixed adopting is by Ore and country rock mixed mining, and point adopting is Ore and country rock to be exploited respectively.Mix and adopt class based on simplifying back
Excavating technology, raising mining intensity；Point adopt class to be conceived to reduce ore dilution rate.Mixed adopt class mining codes with shallow hole shrinkage method, comprehensively
Method is main；Point adopting class mining codes mainly has resuing stoping.
No matter mixed adopt or point adopt, current very thin ore body blasting excavation is primarily present a techniques below difficult problem: (1) shallow bore hole rock drilling,
Adopt little, and blasting in groups, back production efficiency is low；(2) very thin because of ore body, shallow bore hole is adopted little, needed for back production unit ore amount in addition
Adopt that to cut quantities big, adopt be cut into high；(3) under short environment, explosion is serious to roof and floor surrounding rock failure, and a large amount of barren rocks are mixed into
Ore, mining loss rate is too high；(4) a large amount of Ores are detained restricted clearance, have both affected demolition effect, cause again later stage ore removal to be stranded
Difficult；(5) explosion still belongs to extensive, not to systematic studys that becomes more meticulous such as steel for shot, charge constitution and burst times；(6)
Though indivedual documents propose to use big hole depth, large aperture, the conventional deep hole blasting of big powder stick, but cannot realize the accurate control of explosion
System.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problem existing for above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the efficient fine explosion side of a kind of very thin ore body
Method, the precision that can realize very thin ore body explosion controls and scale operation, the current very thin ore body explosion low precision of effective solution,
Inefficient problem.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides the efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body, including:
Step 1, layout drilling engineering:
When the slanting angle of ore body≤30 °, the driving rock drilling of vertical orebody trend is gone up a hill；When the slanting angle of ore body > 30 ° time, walk along ore body
To arranging sublevel drilling tunnel；
Step 2, layout big gun hole:
Described ore body bilateral (be arranged on left and right sides during when the slanting angle of ore body≤30 °, when the slanting angle of ore body > 30 ° time be upper and lower two
Side；Lower same) arrange the some big gun holes becoming 40 °～60 ° angles with the center line in described tunnel, described big gun hole includes: limit big gun hole (explosion
Release orientation fracturing big gun hole can be focused on) and intermediate hole (explosion location leaves big gun hole), big gun hole, described limit and intermediate hole are
Small-bore, the big gun hole of big hole depth；
Step 3, powder charge:
The gradient charge constitution mated with explosion burden size is used to load the quick-fried of physical dimension coupling in each big gun hole
Broken medication；
Step 4, detonates:
With drilling drift total length as compensation space, according to the top of ore deposit rock, base plate (when the slanting angle of ore body≤30 ° for top, the end
Plate, when the slanting angle of ore body > 30 ° time be upper and lower dish) steady status, select whole big gun hole to detonate by setting order, to stope
Total length carries out disposable global blowup.
The invention have the benefit that the layout drilling engineering by carrying out successively, arrange big gun hole, powder charge and step of detonating
Coordinate, be combined with powder charge, detonation mode especially with specific big gun hole and arrangement so that this blasting method can accurately be controlled
Make the explosion of very thin ore body, improve production capacity, save to adopt and cut quantities, reduce the rate of dilution, it is achieved restricted clearance becomes more meticulous
Blasting Control.The blasting method of the present invention, it is adaptable to the very thin class ore body at various inclination angles or the exploitation of other medium.Theory and practice
Prove: this blasting method achieves the explosion efficient, fine of very thin ore body: global blowup is drawn and adopted, it is achieved exploitation scale；Big gun hole, limit
Blasting energy focuses on release orientation fracturing, ore deposit rock interface is effectively ensured smooth, the difficult problems such as solution dilution is excessive；In the middle of in restricted clearance
Shot hole blasting location leaves, and meets process for stoping requirement；With the gradient charge constitution of change burden Optimized Matching, Appropriate application is quick-fried
Broken energy；Small-bore, the deep deep hole blasting of macropore, it is achieved the Blasting Control that becomes more meticulous and adopt greatly width high-efficiency mining.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, required use in embodiment being described below
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, below describe in accompanying drawing be only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
From the point of view of the those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
The steel for shot schematic diagram of the blasting method that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The steel for shot generalized section of the blasting method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Blast hole loading structure vertical section, the limit schematic diagram of the blasting method that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The limit blast hole loading structure cross sectional representation of the blasting method that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The intermediate hole charge constitution vertical section schematic diagram of the blasting method that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment
It is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body, can accurately control the quick-fried of very thin ore body
Broken, promote production efficiency, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, layout drilling engineering:
When the slanting angle of ore body≤30 °, the driving rock drilling of vertical orebody trend is gone up a hill；When the slanting angle of ore body > 30 ° time, walk along ore body
To arranging sublevel drilling tunnel；
Step 2, layout big gun hole:
Described ore body bilateral arrange (be arranged on left and right sides during when the slanting angle of ore body≤30 °, when the slanting angle of ore body > 30 ° time be upper,
Lower both sides) some big gun holes of 40 °～60 ° angles are become with the center line in described tunnel, described big gun hole includes: (blasting energy gathers big gun hole, limit
Burnt release orientation fracturing big gun hole) and intermediate hole (explosion location leaves big gun hole), big gun hole, described limit and intermediate hole are aperture
Footpath, the big gun hole of big hole depth；
Step 3, powder charge:
The gradient charge constitution mated with explosion burden size is used to load the quick-fried of physical dimension coupling in each big gun hole
Broken medication；
Step 4, detonates:
With drilling drift total length as compensation space, according to the top of ore deposit rock, base plate steady status (when the slanting angle of ore body≤30 °
Shi Weiding, base plate, when the slanting angle of ore body > 30 ° time be upper and lower dish), select whole big gun hole to detonate by setting order, to stope
Total length carries out disposable global blowup.
In the step 2 of above-mentioned blasting method, arrange at described ore body bilateral and become 40 °～60 ° folders with the center line in described tunnel
Some big gun holes at angle, described big gun hole includes: (explosion is fixed for big gun hole, limit (blasting energy focuses on release orientation fracturing big gun hole) and intermediate hole
Position leaves big gun hole), big gun hole, described limit and intermediate hole are small-bore, the big gun hole of big hole depth includes:
Arrange in top, described ore body at base plate small-bore, big hole depth deep hole as big gun hole, limit, in described ore deposit
Body centre position arrange small-bore, big hole depth deep hole as intermediate hole；
Big gun hole, described limit uses diplopore form, and described intermediate hole uses single hole form, and big gun hole, described limit, intermediate hole depend on
Secondary interlaced arrangement, it is spaced and is arranged in described ore body；
At a certain distance from the diplopore in big gun hole, described limit is separately positioned on the top apart from described ore body, base plate boundary line, it is energy
Explosion realizes carrying out described ore body orientation fracturing the blasting energy of fine cut and focuses on release orientation fracturing big gun hole；Described middle big gun
Hole is arranged in described ore body middle, and the explosion location realizing cutting described ore body and effectively dishing out for energy explosion leaves
Big gun hole.
Above-mentioned blasting method step 2 arranges that the aperture in the big gun hole, limit in big gun hole is 32～35mm, the degree of depth in big gun hole, limit be 3～
6m；The aperture of intermediate hole is 32～35mm, and the degree of depth of intermediate hole is 3～6m.Concrete, on ore body, diplopore form is arranged
The ratio of the array pitch between pitch-row and the limit borehole distance intermediate hole in big gun hole, limit is not less than 1.
In above-mentioned blasting method, the thickness of ore body is 0.4～1.0m；In described big gun hole, the limit big gun that diplopore form is arranged
The pitch of holes in hole is 0.3～0.8m；Between big gun hole, limit and the intermediate hole of single hole form setting that described diplopore form is arranged
Array pitch is 0.3～0.6m with explosion burden；Big gun hole, limit and top, the distance of base plate that described diplopore form is arranged be 0.05～
0.15m。
In above-mentioned blasting method, the gradient charge constitution mated with explosion burden size is used to load knot in each big gun hole
The explosion medication of structure size coupling includes:
Big gun hole, limit is for focusing on release orientation fracturing big gun hole, and big gun hole, each limit loads 3～4 bilateral groove powder sticks, each bilateral
A diameter of the 25 of groove powder stick～26mm, its bilateral is provided with groove, fills along at the bottom of hole to direction, aperture in proportion according to big gun orifice angle
Medicine length is successively decreased successively；At the bottom of the hole in big gun hole, each limit, the distance with this bottom, hole bilateral groove powder stick is 0.1～0.15m, limit big gun
Distance between each bilateral groove powder stick of middle part, hole is 0.2～0.4m, at the aperture in big gun hole, each limit and this aperture
The distance of bilateral groove powder stick is 0.3～0.6m；
Intermediate hole is that location leaves big gun hole, and each intermediate hole loads 2 circular powder sticks, each circular powder stick a diameter of
25～26mm, successively decrease successively along at the bottom of hole to direction, aperture loaded length in proportion according to big gun orifice angle；At the bottom of the hole of each intermediate hole
Being 0.1～0.15m with the circular powder stick distance of this bottom, hole, the spacing of two circular powder sticks is 0.3～0.5m, each middle big gun
The aperture in hole is 0.4～0.7m with the circular powder stick distance in this aperture.
In the step 4 of above-mentioned blasting method, according to top, the steady status of base plate of ore deposit rock, select whole big gun hole by setting
The order explosion that carries out detonating includes:
When ore deposit rock is top, base plate structure built on the sand, big gun hole, 2 limits adjacent at the top board that the most simultaneously detonates, then simultaneously
Detonating big gun hole, 2 limits adjacent at base plate, ore body is oriented fracturing and fine cut, the intermediate hole that finally detonates will be cut
Cut ore body to leave to precalculated position；
When ore deposit rock can be divided into the hole packed plane of two kinds of forms for top, base plate robust structure, big gun hole, limit and intermediate hole, top
Lateral opening 1 the lateral opening composition same row corresponding with base plate of plate 1, single intermediate hole is another row.According to every artillery salvo hole with from
Detonated successively by hole packed plane by the distance in face is ascending, but detonate with big gun hole in row simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, blasting method of the present invention is described further.
The blasting method of the present invention, can solve following technical problem underlying in current blasting method:
(1) shallow bore hole rock drilling adopt little, blasting efficiency is low；
(2) adopt that to cut quantities big；
(3) push up, base plate explosion destroys seriously, the rate of dilution is too high；
(4) a large amount of broken ores are detained restricted clearance；
(5) the explosion degree that becomes more meticulous is poor.
The blasting method of the present invention is applicable to the very thin orebody mining of different angle.With the very thin ore body of low-angle dip class it is below
Example is explained, and other class ore body technical scheme is similar to it, sees Fig. 1, specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, drilling engineering are arranged:
Vertical orebody trend driving drilling drift (rock drilling, is combined into one, engineering profit by ore deposit, ore removal engineering and compensation space four
High by rate, adopt and cut low cost), bilateral arranges the big gun hole becoming 40 °～60 ° angles with laneway midline.Big gun hole is with drilling drift for mending
Repay space, under maximum single blow blasting charge permissive condition, can realize along drilling drift total length, once, global blowup, make very thin ore body
Mining scale, solves tradition shallow bore hole blasting in groups and adopts the inefficiency difficult problem that little a, circulation causes more.
Step 2, steel for shot (see Fig. 1,2, in Fig. 1,1 is ore body, and 2 is top board, and 3 is base plate, and 4 is compensation space, and 5 are
Big gun hole, limit, 6 is intermediate hole):
(1) cloth hole thinking:
Overall use the technical thought of " an explosion ore body, do not destroy country rock ".Owing to very thin ore body excavation is limited, give
Efficiently explosion causes great difficulty.For Precise control ore deposit rock boundary, reduce roof and floor destroy, and realize long and narrow, short, be subject to
Under limit, clipping environment, Ore leaves to precalculated position, and big gun hole, roof and floor limit carries out fine cut by orientation fracturing to ore body, in
Between big gun hole to cutting ore body effectively dish out.
(2) cloth well format (seeing Fig. 2):
Double, single hole interlaced arrangement successively, it is spaced, being beneficially uniformly distributed of blasting energy.Wherein, diplopore is arranged in
In ore body, each layout one group at a certain distance from distance ore body top, base plate boundary line respectively, the Voice segment using bilateral distribution is recessed
Groove powder stick, for focusing on release orientation fracturing big gun hole；Single hole is arranged in ore body middle, leaves big gun hole for location, is left by Ore
To drilling drift precalculated position.
(3) hole arrangement parameters:
Shallow bore hole aperture, hole depth are the least, and deep hole aperture, hole depth are bigger.For very thin ore body limited space, explosion clipping
Special environment, big gun hole use " small-bore, big hole depth " novel big gun hole: 1. " small-bore, small medicine coil " is easy to narrow ore body
Be accurately positioned and become more meticulous explosion, big gun hole, small-bore Φ 32～35mm, small diameter medicine roll Φ 25～26mm.2. " big hole depth " can increase
Add and adopt width, raising blasting efficiency.According to ore body fluctuations degree, unilateral blast hole depth 3～6m, bilateral adopt width up to 6～
12m。
Pitch-row and array pitch ratio should be not less than 1, and general value is as follows: a pitch of holes is: 0.3～0.8m；b——
Array pitch, with explosion burden, for: 0.3～0.6m；C orebody thickness is: 0.4～1.0m；Big gun hole, d limit and roof and floor
Distance be: 0.05～0.15m.
Step 3, charge constitution:
Use the gradient charge constitution adapted with explosion burden size, be conducive to the clipping overcoming restricted clearance to make
With.
Owing to big gun hole becomes 40 °～60 ° of angles with wall, with tunnel as compensating space in blasting, from aperture at the bottom of hole, difference
Hole depth position its burden linearly ratio increases (scale is relevant to big gun orifice angle).Therefore, employing matches with hole depth
Gradient charge constitution to adapt to burden change, to meet the requirement of rock of becoming more meticulous brokenly.
(1) limit big gun hole (focusing on release orientation fracturing big gun hole):
See Fig. 3,4, every hole is equipped with 3～4 powder sticks, different according to big gun orifice angle, along at the bottom of hole to direction, aperture loaded length
Proportionally reduce, i.e. h i > j > k.It addition, at the bottom of hole with powder stick distance e be 0.1～0.15m, spacing f of powder stick take 0.2～
0.4m, aperture and powder stick distance g are 0.3～0.6m.
Powder stick in big gun hole, limit uses bilateral groove powder stick 7, and these bilateral groove powder stick 7 both sides are provided with groove, can realize quick-fried
Broken Voice segment and release, thus excite induction ore deposit rock, along adjacent two big gun hole groove center line A, tensile failure occurs, reach line
Property fracturing rock breaking efficiency.
(2) intermediate hole (location leaves big gun hole)
Seeing Fig. 5, every hole is equipped with 2 circular powder sticks, different according to big gun orifice angle, presses along at the bottom of hole to direction, aperture loaded length
Ratio reduces, i.e. o > p.It addition, at the bottom of hole with powder stick distance l be 0.1～0.15m, spacing m of powder stick takes 0.3～0.5m, aperture
It is 0.4～0.7m with powder stick distance n.
4, firing order:
Seeing Fig. 2, firing order is specifically divided into following 2 kinds.
(1) when roof and floor built on the sand, ore and rock condition poor time: first big gun hole, roof and floor limit is detonated and ore body is oriented cause
Splitting and fine cut, then intermediate hole leaves cutting ore body to precalculated position.4 sections of explosions are divided in big gun hole, specifically detonate suitable
Sequence is 1#, 4#；2#、5#；3#；6#.Top board or the explosion simultaneously of the adjacent diplopore of base plate, fully realize limit shot hole blasting and can focus on release
With orientation fracturing.
(2) when roof and floor is firm, ore and rock condition is preferable: 1 row, 2 rows, 3 rows, 4 artillery salvo holes order successively is detonated.Big gun hole is divided
4 sections of explosions, concrete firing order is 1#, 2#；3#；4#、5#；6#, front artillery salvo hole is for the offer scope of freedom, rear artillery salvo hole and compensates sky
Between.Top board or base plate adjacent diplopore non-concurrent explosion, but the most still can play blasting energy orientation Fracturing.
The blasting method of the present invention, can realize very thin ore body global blowup and draw and adopt: in drilling drift, bilateral is arranged and lane
The deep hole that road forms an angle, an explosion ore body, does not destroy country rock.Big gun hole is (special without arranging with drilling drift as compensation space
Door cutting engineering), under maximum single blow blasting charge permissive condition, can along drilling drift carry out total length, once, global blowup, thus
Realize very thin ore body and melted, by traditional shallow bore hole blasting in groups of inefficiency, the transformation adopted to deep hole overall size.
Big gun hole, limit is set by short space so that blasting energy focuses on release orientation fracturing: very thin ore body excavation is low
Short, when using deep hole blasting, closely, from the scope of freedom the most relatively far away from, explosion causes roof and floor to borehole distance ore body roof and floor unavoidably
Country rock heavy damage, a large amount of barren rock are mixed into Ore, thus the back production rate of dilution is greatly increased.Therefore, blasting energy is strengthened along pre-prosecutor
Concentrating upwards discharges and effectively breaks rock and weaken the pass that its destruction entering country rock generation is roof and floor Blasting Control
Key.
It is respectively one group near the top of ore body, base plate diplopore, uses special two-side energy to focus on groove powder stick, form blasting energy
Amount stream stiffening device, it is achieved along the induced fracture of ore body Yu roof and floor boundary, finely control rock interface, ore deposit, both safeguarded top, base plate
Smooth, stable, reduce support cost, be substantially reduced again the dilution caused because explosion destroys country rock excessive.
Arrange intermediate hole sequence blasting location by restricted clearance to leave:
Very thin ore body excavation is limited, and when using deep hole blasting, borehole distance ore body roof and floor is near, the but phase from the scope of freedom
To farther out, big gun hole is easy to occur that " asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen " causes demolition effect undesirable, and makes Ore be stranded in restricted clearance in a large number.Cause
This, make broken ore effectively leave to precalculated position, meet the emphasis that process for stoping requirement is interstitial hole Blasting Control.
Intermediate hole forms associating medicated bag with roof and floor big gun hole to a certain extent, overcomes the clamping action of country rock, by ore deposit
Body crushes and leaves to process for stoping requirement, it is to avoid Ore is in the delay in short space.Pressed from both sides by suitable big gun hole
Angle controls to leave direction, uses gradient charge constitution to control leave speed and leave distance.
By under clipping environment with become burden Optimized Matching gradient charge constitution:
Owing to big gun hole forms an angle with wall, with tunnel as compensating space in blasting, from aperture at the bottom of hole, different hole depth
Position its burden linearly ratio increases.Therefore, the gradient charge constitution matched with hole depth is used to become to adapt to burden
Change, be conducive to overcoming the clamping action of restricted clearance, meet the requirement of the rock that becomes more meticulous brokenly under clipping environment.
Utilize small-bore, the deep hole of big hole depth realizes fine explosion as big gun hole:
Shallow bore hole is small-bore, little hole depth, and deep hole is large aperture, big hole depth.For very thin ore body limited space, explosion clipping
Special environment, use the novel deep hole of " small-bore, big hole depth ", fully merge shallow bore hole and the technical advantage of deep hole: small-bore,
Small medicine coil " it is easy to the explosion that is accurately positioned and becomes more meticulous of narrow ore body, " big hole depth " can increase and adopt width, improve blasting efficiency.
The blasting method of the present invention, can improve production capacity, saves to adopt and cuts quantities, reduces the rate of dilution, it is achieved limited sky
Between become more meticulous Blasting Control, be a kind of brand-new very thin ore body efficient fine blasting method, use the efficient explosion of deep hole, a back production
Ore does not destroy country rock, well solves current shallow blasting, peels off the exploitation predicament that barren rock mode causes, it is achieved that be very thin
The new breakthrough in ore body blasting excavation field.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change that can readily occur in or replacement,
All should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be as the criterion.
Claims (7)
1. the efficient fine blasting method of a very thin ore body, it is characterised in that including:
Step 1, layout drilling engineering:
When the slanting angle of ore body is less than or equal to 30 °, the driving rock drilling of vertical described orebody trend is gone up a hill；When the slanting angle of ore body is more than 30 °,
Sublevel drilling tunnel is arranged along described orebody trend；
Step 2, layout big gun hole:
Arrange the some big gun holes becoming 40 °～60 ° angles with the center line in described tunnel at described ore body bilateral, described big gun hole includes:
Big gun hole, limit and intermediate hole, big gun hole, described limit and intermediate hole are the big gun hole of small-bore, big hole depth；
Step 3, powder charge:
The explosion using the gradient charge constitution mated with explosion burden size to load physical dimension coupling in each big gun hole is used
Medicine；
Step 4, detonates:
With drilling drift total length as compensation space, according to top, the steady status of base plate of ore deposit rock, select whole big gun hole suitable by setting
Sequence is detonated, and stope total length is carried out disposable global blowup.
The efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2
In, the some big gun holes becoming 40 °～60 ° angles with the center line in described tunnel are arranged at described ore body bilateral, described big gun hole includes: limit
Big gun hole and intermediate hole, big gun hole, described limit and intermediate hole are small-bore, the big gun hole of big hole depth includes:
When the slanting angle of ore body is less than or equal to 30 °, arrange in the left and right sides of described ore body become with the center line in described tunnel 40 °～
Some big gun holes of 60 ° of angles, when the slanting angle of ore body is more than 30 °, the center line with described tunnel is arranged in the both sides up and down of described ore body
Become some big gun holes of 40 °～60 ° angles；
Arrange in top, described ore body at base plate small-bore, big hole depth deep hole as big gun hole, limit, in described ore body
Meta install small-bore, big hole depth deep hole as intermediate hole；
Big gun hole, described limit uses diplopore form, and described intermediate hole uses single hole form, and big gun hole, described limit, intermediate hole are handed over successively
Wrong arrange, be spaced and be arranged in described ore body；
At a certain distance from the diplopore in big gun hole, described limit is separately positioned on the top apart from described ore body, base plate boundary line, being can explosion
The blasting energy realizing carrying out described ore body orientation fracturing fine cut focuses on release orientation fracturing big gun hole；Described intermediate hole cloth
Putting in described ore body middle, the explosion location realizing cutting described ore body and effectively dishing out for energy explosion leaves big gun
Hole.
The efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described step
In the rapid 2 big gun holes arranged, the aperture in big gun hole, limit is 32～35mm, and the degree of depth in big gun hole, limit is 3～6m；The aperture of intermediate hole is 32
～35mm, the degree of depth of intermediate hole is 3～6m.
The efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that on described ore body
The ratio of the array pitch between pitch-row and the limit borehole distance intermediate hole in the big gun hole, limit that diplopore form is arranged is not less than 1.
The efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described ore body
Thickness is 0.4～1.0m；
In described big gun hole, the pitch of holes in the big gun hole, limit that diplopore form is arranged is 0.3～0.8m；
Array pitch between big gun hole, limit and the intermediate hole of single hole form setting that described diplopore form is arranged with explosion burden is
0.3～0.6m；
The big gun hole, limit that described diplopore form is arranged is 0.05～0.15m with top, the distance of base plate.
The efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described in adopt
The explosion medication loading physical dimension coupling with the gradient charge constitution mated with explosion burden size in each big gun hole includes:
Big gun hole, limit uses and focuses on release orientation fracturing big gun hole, and big gun hole, each limit loads 3～4 bilateral groove powder sticks, and each bilateral is recessed
A diameter of the 25 of groove powder stick～26mm, its bilateral is provided with groove, according to big gun orifice angle in proportion along arriving the powder charge of direction, aperture at the bottom of hole
Length is successively decreased successively；At the bottom of the hole in big gun hole, each limit, the distance with this bottom, hole bilateral groove powder stick is 0.1～0.15m, big gun hole, limit
Distance between each bilateral groove powder stick of middle part is 0.2～0.4m, double at the aperture in big gun hole, each limit and this aperture
The distance of side groove powder stick is 0.3～0.6m；
Intermediate hole uses location to leave big gun hole, and each intermediate hole loads 2 circular powder sticks, each circular powder stick a diameter of
25～26mm, successively decrease successively along at the bottom of hole to direction, aperture loaded length in proportion according to big gun orifice angle；At the bottom of the hole of each intermediate hole
Being 0.1～0.15m with the circular powder stick distance of this bottom, hole, the spacing of two circular powder sticks is 0.3～0.5m, each middle big gun
The aperture in hole is 0.4～0.7m with the circular powder stick distance in this aperture.
The efficient fine blasting method of a kind of very thin ore body the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 4
In, according to top, the steady status of base plate of ore deposit rock, select whole big gun hole to include by the explosion that carries out detonating of setting order:
When ore deposit rock is top, base plate structure built on the sand, and big gun hole, limit adjacent at the top board that detonates, detonate base plate the most simultaneously the most simultaneously
Locating adjacent big gun hole, limit, ore body is oriented fracturing and fine cut, the intermediate hole that finally detonates leaves cutting ore body
To precalculated position；
When ore deposit rock is top, base plate robust structure, and the distance according to every artillery salvo hole Yu the scope of freedom is ascending by hole packed plane successively
Detonating, wherein, big gun hole, limit and intermediate hole are divided into the hole packed plane of two kinds of forms, at top board one lateral opening with base plate at pair
The same row of lateral opening composition answered, single intermediate hole is another row.
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