CN106140596A - Ultrasonic treating device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic treating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106140596A CN106140596A CN201610555950.XA CN201610555950A CN106140596A CN 106140596 A CN106140596 A CN 106140596A CN 201610555950 A CN201610555950 A CN 201610555950A CN 106140596 A CN106140596 A CN 106140596A
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- cover board
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- metal cover
- horn
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B3/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving a change of amplitude
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic treating device.This ultrasonic treating device has: ultrasonic oscillator, can produce the ultrasonic activation for disposing bio-tissue;Transducer cover, covers ultrasonic oscillator;Hollow flexible crust, its one end is connected with cap assembly;Signal cable, its one end is connected with ultrasonic oscillator, is inserted through the inside of flexible skin;Supersonic oscillations device, is connected with the other end of signal cable, for producing the driving signal driving ultrasonic oscillator;And operating portion, it being arranged on the other end of flexible skin, the operation of respective operations person can make ultrasonic oscillator move together with transducer cover.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical field, particularly relate to ultrasonic treating device.
Background technology
In correlation technique, ultrasound wave processing is extensively applied in medical apparatus and instruments manufacturing industry, if tool heads is in Ultrasonic machining
On the basis of add rotary motion, the most referred to as rotary ultrasonic machining, ultrasonic treating device is after rotary ultrasonic machining, it is possible to
The precision of increase medical apparatus and instruments, thus accuracy when improving use.Rotary ultrasonic machining substantially can improve the cutting of material
Efficiency, but apply the horn at rotary ultrasonic machining device easily to rupture because stress concentrates.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ultrasonic treating device, solve horn easily because
Stress is concentrated and the technical problem of fracture is occurred.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is ultrasonic treating device, including framework, rotation
Transformator, transducer, horn and tool heads.Both sides above described transducer arrange rotary transformer, described horn bag
Including upper part, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, described end portion
Being directly connected to tool heads, the shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section face of horn
Product function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section portion
Divide the cross-sectional area of junction, P1For the cross-sectional area of end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection, the length of end portion
Spend and calculate according to following equation:
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization, even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction.Obtained the geometry of transducer by following equation after setting the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs
Size:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as it is shown on figure 3, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer;
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, described horn extend upwardly to be provided with between the inside of transducer, and horn and fixing post connector, on
Spring and lower spring, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, and the lower end of described upper spring connects connector, described
The upper end of lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects horn.
As preferably, being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
As preferably, after setting the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtain the several of transducer by following equation
What size: first the frequency equation of transducer is derived by (1): section A B is displacement nodal section, and displacement nodal section AB is by transducer
It is divided into two quarter-wave oscillators, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1It is 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each four/
The oscillator of one wavelength is all made up of piezoelectric ceramic wafer and metal cover board, the piezoelectricity in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board
Pottery enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, the length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after displacement nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf, pressure
Electroceramics crystalline substance heap is made up of the piezoelectric ceramics annulus that P thickness is l, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.
The resonance equations of the quarter-wave oscillator before displacement node is tan (kBLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, after displacement node
The resonance equations of quarter-wave oscillator is tan (kBLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It it is single piezoelectric ceramics annulus
Characteristic impedance, l1And l2It is rear, the thickness of front metal cover board respectively;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and pass through
The resonance frequency equation obtained obtains the concrete size of transducer.
As preferably, the cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is along its circumferencial direction
It is provided with the elastic rubber ring surrounding horn variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple scalable
Structure, and connect described bottom end cover by Collapsible structure.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, shape because of
NumberExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.371 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Utilize accompanying drawing that invention is described further, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing do not constitute any limitation of the invention,
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain it according to the following drawings
Its accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of transducer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the piezoelectric ceramics circular ring structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention applies the schematic diagram at rotary ultrasonic machining device.
Reference: 1, framework, 2, rotary transformer, 3, transducer, 4, horn, 5, tool heads, 22, ultrasound wave shakes
Son, 18, transducer cover (cap assembly), 13, flexible skin, 7, signal cable, 9, supersonic oscillations device (ultrasound wave driver element),
6, operating portion, 8, adapter (connection unit), 15, cable conveying end, 42,46, pliers (tweezers elements), 43,47, operation line,
53, handle (handle unit).
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment one
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section of horn
Area function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section
The cross-sectional area of portion connection, P1Cross-sectional area for end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as it is shown on figure 3, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of oscillator is tan (kBLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance side of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Journey is tan (kBLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 17mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 12mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 35mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 30mm, its a length of 12mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 15mm, its a length of 36mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.371 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment two
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section of horn
Area function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section
The cross-sectional area of portion connection, P1Cross-sectional area for end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as in figure 2 it is shown, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And s2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of long oscillator is tan (kBLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Equation is tan (kBLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 18mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 13mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 36mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 32mm, its a length of 12mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 16mm, its a length of 37mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.389 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment three
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section of horn
Area function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section
The cross-sectional area of portion connection, P1Cross-sectional area for end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as it is shown on figure 3, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And s2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus composition, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of long oscillator is tan (kBLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Equation is tan (kBLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 16mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 11mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 32mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 28mm, its a length of 10mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 13mm, its a length of 32mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.365 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment four
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section of horn
Area function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section
The cross-sectional area of portion connection, P1Cross-sectional area for end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as in figure 2 it is shown, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And s2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus composition, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of long oscillator is tan (kBLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Equation is tan (kBLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 20mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 15mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 39mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 25mm, its a length of 10mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 10mm, its a length of 30mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.326 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment five
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section of horn
Area function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section
The cross-sectional area of portion connection, P1Cross-sectional area for end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as in figure 2 it is shown, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And s2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus composition, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of long oscillator is tan (kBLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Equation is tan (kBLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 17mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 12mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 35mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 40mm, its a length of 25mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 21mm, its a length of 40mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.402 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Last it should be noted that, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, rather than the present invention is protected
Protecting the restriction of scope, although having made to explain to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (7)
1. a ultrasonic treating device, it is characterised in that include ultrasonic oscillator, can produce ultrasonic activation;Cap assembly, covers
Cover and state ultrasonic oscillator;Hollow flexible crust, its one end is connected with above-mentioned cap assembly;Signal cable, its one end with by above-mentioned
The above-mentioned ultrasonic oscillator that cap assembly covers connects, and is inserted through the inside of above-mentioned flexible skin;Ultrasound wave driver element, with upper
The other end stating signal cable connects, for producing the driving signal driving above-mentioned ultrasonic oscillator;And operating portion, it is arranged on
The other end of above-mentioned flexible skin, the operation of respective operations person can make above-mentioned ultrasonic oscillator move together with above-mentioned cap assembly
Dynamic.
Ultrasonic treating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include connecting unit, be arranged on above-mentioned
The other end of signal cable, can be connected with ultrasound wave driver element, and it is above-mentioned ultrasonic that this ultrasound wave driver element is used for producing driving
The driving signal of ripple oscillator.
Ultrasonic treating device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include tweezers elements, rotatably
It is arranged in above-mentioned cap assembly.
Ultrasonic treating device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that include framework, rotary transformer, transducing
Device, horn and tool heads;Both sides above described transducer arrange rotary transformer, described horn include upper part,
Variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to work
Tool head, the shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross section face of horn
Product function, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For upper part and variable cross-section portion
Divide the cross-sectional area of junction, P1For the cross-sectional area of end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection, the length of end portion
Spend and calculate according to following equation:Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and thickness side
To the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of polarization, the coaxial connection of piezoelectric ceramics annulus described in even number forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, piezoelectric ceramics
In brilliant heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus polarised directions are contrary;Pass through after setting the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs
Following equation obtains the physical dimension of transducer:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer, whole circuit is divided into three parts, respectively front shroud equivalent electric by dotted line
Road, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLAfter being transducer respectively, front two ends negative
Carry impedance, set according to actual needs;
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2, k2=
ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson's coefficient respectively,
l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board;
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if ignoring machine
Tool loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0;If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance resists for
Hour, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated transducer by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
Concrete size;
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when input electricity
Impedance be invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞;When input resistance resist for invalid greatly
Time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
Obtain the concrete size of transducer;
Described transducer also includes shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, is located at the bottom end cover of shell lower surface and fixes
Flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes fixing
Post, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and extending downward upper end
The lower section of lid, described horn extends upwardly to be provided with connector, upper bullet between the inside of transducer, and horn and fixing post
Spring and lower spring, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, and the lower end of described upper spring connects connector, described under
The upper end of spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects horn.
Ultrasonic treating device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also set between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus
Having metal electrode, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-0.2mm.
Ultrasonic treating device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that set being total to of transducer according to actual needs
The physical dimension of transducer is obtained by following equation: first the frequency equation of transducer is derived by (1): cut after vibration frequency
Face AB is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two quarter-wave oscillators, i.e. L by displacement nodal section ABf+l2And Lb+l1All
For 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is made up of piezoelectric ceramic wafer and metal cover board,
Piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, after displacement nodal section with rear metal cover board it
Between the length of piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap be designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is made up of, then the piezoelectric ceramics annulus that P thickness is l
There is Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.The resonance equations of the quarter-wave oscillator before displacement node is tan
(keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance equations of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node is tan (keLb)tan
(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is rear, the thickness of front metal cover board respectively
Degree;(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtain the concrete size of transducer by the resonance frequency equation obtained.
Ultrasonic treating device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the cental axial position of described mounting flange stays
Having perforate, the inner side of described perforate is provided with the elastic rubber ring surrounding horn variable cross-section part along its circumferencial direction.And it is described
The upper surface of mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and connects described bottom end cover by Collapsible structure.
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