A kind of single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory burnishing device
Technical field
The invention belongs to surface of the work Finishing field, is shaken more particularly, to a kind of using the ultrasonic ellipse of single excitation
The burnishing device that dynamic and mechanical reciprocation combines.
Background technology
The surface quality to workpiece that develops rapidly of modern industry science and technology is put forward higher requirement, workpiece surface quality shadow
The presentation quality and function life-span of workpiece are rung, and grinding and polishing is mould, engineering machinery, armarium, aerospace industry
In some vital part Surface Machinings important means, in order to improve the efficiency and quality of grinding and polishing, Publication No.
The patent of invention document of CN101362303A discloses the Ginding process that a kind of mechanical reciprocating is combined with supersonic vibration, and it adopts machine
Tool is of reciprocating vibration and One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibrates superimposed method and drives bistrique to be ground the surface of workpiece, and then reaches raising
The purpose of working (machining) efficiency and crudy, but because the method uses One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibration, and mechanical reciprocating and ultrasound
In the same direction, its tool heads can only point-blank be polished, therefore in use, still exist for vibration
Polishing efficiency is low, not uniform enough the problem of grinding and polishing workpiece surface finish.
Ultrasonic elliptical vibratory UVC, ultra-sonic welded, ultrasonic grinding, ultrasonic polishing, linear ultrasonic motor and
The fields such as rotary ultrasonic motor have wide application.At present research worker adopts extensional vibration, twisting vibration, bending mostly
Two kinds of vibration modes in vibration and radial vibration are combined to produce ultrasonic elliptical vibratory, need to adopt two groups or two groups with
On piezoelectric ceramic piece produce the two or more mode of oscillations with certain phase contrast to excite, it is necessary to be every group of piezoelectricity pottery
Ceramics is equipped with ultrasound-driven power supply signal all the way, and needs to control the phase contrast between each road ultrasound-driven power supply signal, ultrasound
Vibrational system and Control system architecture complexity, manufacture difficulty is big, control difficulty is high, production cost is high, be difficult realization miniaturization, work
It is not sufficiently stable as performance, these problems constrain the application in the industrial production of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer and popularization.
How to overcome not enough present in above-mentioned supersonic vibration polishing technology and ultrasonic elliptical vibratory technology, and using new
Single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory technology, there is provided one kind makes tool heads realize that reciprocating machine motion and the ultrasonic elliptical orbit of single excitation shake
Dynamic composite polishing device, further improves the uniformity of polishing efficiency and workpiece surface finish, is mainly grinding for the present invention
Study carefully content.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of new single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory burnishing device, in order to overcome existing super
Uniformity that is not enough present in sonic vibration finishing method, improving polishing efficiency and workpiece surface finish.
A kind of single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory burnishing device, including including overcoat, linear bearing, reciprocating drive mechanism, shell
Body unit, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter being placed in housing unit, elliptical vibration modal transducer and it is arranged on elliptical vibration mode
The tool heads of transducer front end.Described linear bearing is supported between housing unit and overcoat, and linear bearing is sliding straight
Bearing or rolling linear bearing.Described housing unit includes front apron, inner sleeve and backboard;Described reciprocating drive mechanism
One end is fixed on the backboard of housing unit, and the other end is fixed on the coat, and reciprocating drive mechanism is slider-crank mechanism, partially
Xin Lun mechanisms, screw-nut body, cylinder or hydraulic cylinder reciprocating drive mechanism.
Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is in integrally cylinder, and it includes bolt and the bonnet being sequentially sleeved on bolt
Plate, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud, are provided with the ring flange coupled with housing unit on front shroud, back shroud and
Front shroud is compressed the connection of back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud by bolt, constitutes single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter
Energy conversion part, the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication that ultrasonic-frequency power supply is exported can be converted to the longitudinal ultrasonic of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and be shaken
It is dynamic.
Described elliptical vibration modal transducer and front shroud is fabricated to a front end for being integrally provided in front shroud, or
The welding of elliptical vibration modal transducer is arranged on into the front end of front shroud.Elliptical vibration modal transducer includes straight beam and cant beam structure
Into composite construction, straight beam and cant beam be rectangle perpendicular to the section of its center axis, and the central axis and ultrasound of straight beam shake
The central axes of dynamic transducer, one end of straight beam couples with the front shroud of ultrasonic transducer, and the other end overhangs;The one of cant beam
The middle part connection of the side connection of the front shroud off-center axis of end and ultrasonic transducer, the other end and straight beam, cant beam
Central axis and straight beam central axis into 0-90 degree angles, straight beam and cant beam are equal with the connection place of ultrasonic transducer front shroud
For arc transition connection, the plane that the geometric centre axes of cant beam and the geometric centre axes of straight beam are formed and polished work
Part surface is parallel.
It is super that elliptical vibration modal transducer is arranged on the referred to as single excitation of the molectron constituted behind single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter front end
Sound elliptical vibration transducer, elliptical vibration modal transducer for the purpose of straight beam and cant beam composite construction is shaken to change ultrasound
The mode of oscillation of dynamic transducer so as to which longitudinal vibration mode frequency and flexural vibration mode frequency are close to or equal;Due to cant beam
The presence of structure, the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration that single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is produced is decomposed into one after cant beam is delivered in cant beam root
Part extensional vibration component and a part of bending vibration component, when the extensional vibration component and bending vibration component of cant beam decomposition are passed
After being delivered to straight beam, mutually it is combined with the extensional vibration propagated on straight beam, finally forms vertical with certain phase contrast in straight beam end
To the compound ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of oscillating component and bending vibration component.
Tool heads are arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer by the connection of welding, joint bolt or press plate mechanism;
After ultrasonic vibrational energy is delivered to elliptical vibration modal transducer end from single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, be converted to certain phase
The compound vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of the extensional vibration of potential difference and bending vibration, that is, be converted to elliptical vibration modal transducer
The vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of end;And ultrasonic ellipse is done together in driving instrument head and elliptical vibration modal transducer end
Vibration.
Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is placed in housing unit, and the ring flange of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is arranged at the fovea superior of inner sleeve
In seam, front apron is arranged on the opposite side of ring flange, and to whole single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter fixation is played, and backboard is arranged on
Inner sleeve does not have the other end of seam, prevents the debris such as dust, iron filings from entering in housing unit, affects single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter
Service behaviour;The supersonic vibration polishing system of existing document introduction is compared, the list excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory burnishing device has
Power capacity is big, energy conversion efficiency is high, simple structure, and easy to manufacture, low cost, the rigidity of structure are big, control drive system letter
The advantages of single and vibropolish stable performance is stable.The invention in addition becomes the straight path throwing of common One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibration tool head
Light is the polishing of elliptical vibration track, and within the unit interval, elliptical vibration track is greatly improved the motion path of tool heads, and
The width of single supersonic vibration polishing is significantly broadened, therefore the equal of polishing efficiency and workpiece surface finish can be effectively improved
Even property.
Further, described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter only has one group of extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece.
Further, described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter only needs to ultrasonic signal of telecommunication excitation all the way.
Further, the operating frequency range of described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is 18kHz-40kHz.
Present invention employs mechanical vibration MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A mechanism to be decomposed into the extensional vibration conversion of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter
The extensional vibration of straight beam, the extensional vibration of cant beam and bending vibration component, finally synthesize vertical curved composite ultraphonic in straight beam end
Elliptical vibration, simplifies the overall structure of single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory polishing system, greatly reduces the complexity of vibrational system
Degree, reduces manufacture, assembly difficulty and production cost;The invention in addition only needs control circuit all the way and ultrasonic-frequency power supply to carry out
Excitation, control difficulty is low, it is to avoid two-phase or multiphase supersonic vibration is compounded to form the complicated ultrasonic-frequency power supply of elliptical vibration transducer
Development cost, simplify control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply structure, reduce control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply cost, it is easy to accomplish control
Circuit processed and ultrasonic-frequency power supply it is integrated, improve system functional reliability, stable work in work has a extensive future.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the front view that ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer is singly encouraged in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the top view that ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer is singly encouraged in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the application example schematic diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration in figure:1. bolt, 2. back shroud, 3. piezoelectric ceramic piece, 4. electrode slice, 5. front shroud, 6. ring flange,
7. elliptical vibration modal transducer, 8. tool heads, 9. front apron, 10. workpiece, 11. inner sleeves, 12. linear bearings, keep off after 13.
Plate, 14. reciprocating drive mechanisms, 15. overcoats, 16. ultrasonic-frequency power supplies.
Specific embodiment
With reference to shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4, a kind of single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory burnishing device, including including overcoat 15, straight line
Bearing 12, reciprocating drive mechanism 14, housing unit, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter being placed in housing unit, elliptical vibration mode turn
Parallel operation 7 and the tool heads 8 for being arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7.Described linear bearing 12 is supported on housing unit
And overcoat 15 between, linear bearing 12 is sliding straight bearing.Described reciprocating drive mechanism 14 be slider-crank mechanism, one
End is fixed on the backboard 13 of housing unit, and the other end is fixed on overcoat 15, and the amplitude of reciprocating drive mechanism 14 is 6mm.
Described housing unit includes front apron 9, inner sleeve 11 and backboard 13;Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter entirety
In cylinder, its back shroud 2, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, electrode slice 4 and front shroud for including bolt 1 and being sequentially sleeved on bolt 1
5, the ring flange 6 coupled with housing unit is provided with front shroud 5, back shroud 2 and front shroud 5 pass through bolt 1 by back shroud
2nd, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, electrode slice 4 and front shroud 5 connection is compressed, and constitutes the energy conversion part of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, can
The ultrasonic signal of telecommunication that ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is exported is converted to into the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter.Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter
Only one group extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, piezoelectric ceramic transducer section diameter 30mm, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 be PZT-8, size
For:Ф30×Ф15×5, the piece number of piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 is 2.
Elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 and front shroud 5 are fabricated to the front end that an one-piece parts are arranged on front shroud 5, ellipse
Circular vibration modal transducer 7 includes the composite construction that straight beam and cant beam are constituted, straight beam and cant beam cutting perpendicular to its center axis
Face is rectangle, the central axis of straight beam and the central axes of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, one end of straight beam and ultrasonic transduction
The front shroud 5 of device couples, and the other end overhangs, and the section length of side is 12×12mm, long 72mm;One end of cant beam and ultrasonic transducer
The connection place of the side connection of the off-center axis of front shroud 5, cant beam central axis and front shroud 5 is apart from the center of front shroud 5
Axial line distance is the middle part connection of 25mm, the other end and straight beam, and the section length of side is 12×12mm.The central axis of cant beam and
The central axis of straight beam is arc transition and couples into 30 angles, straight beam and cant beam with the connection place of ultrasonic transducer front shroud 5,
Transition arc radius are 5mm, the plane that the geometric centre axes of cant beam and the geometric centre axes of straight beam are formed with it is polished
Plane is parallel.
Tool heads 8 are arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 by welding;When ultrasonic vibrational energy is shaken from ultrasound
Dynamic transducer is delivered to behind the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7, is converted to the extensional vibration with certain phase contrast and bending
The compound vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of vibration, that is, be converted to the vertical curved composite ultraphonic of the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7
Elliptical vibration;And ultrasonic elliptical vibratory is done together in driving instrument 8 and the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7.
Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is placed in housing unit, and the ring flange 6 of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is arranged at inner sleeve 11
In fovea superior seam, front apron 9 is arranged on the opposite side of ring flange 6, and to whole single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter fixation, backboard are played
13 are arranged on the other end of the inner sleeve 11 without seam,
Natural frequency after single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 couple is 19.84KHz, and impedance is
83 ohm, dynamic electric resistor is 19 ohm, and the output voltage range of ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is 0-400V, and current range is 0-4A, output frequency
Rate is 19.84 ± 0.01KHz, and ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 has automatic frequency tracking function in designated frequency range.
With reference to shown in Fig. 5, during system operation, the electrode slice 4 of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16, works as ultrasound
The electrode slice 4 of vibration transducer is accessed after the signal of telecommunication of the output of ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16, due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic piece 3,
Piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 will produce longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, i.e. single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and be converted to the electric energy that ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is exported
Longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, and drive whole single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter system to carry out longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, ultrasonic vibrational energy is from ultrasound
Vibration transducer is delivered to behind the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7, is converted to the extensional vibration with certain phase contrast and curved
Qu Zhendong compound vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory, that is, be converted to the vertical curved compound super of the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7
Sound elliptical vibration;And ultrasonic elliptical vibratory is done together in driving instrument 8 and the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7.
After on-load voltage runs 10 minutes, single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory burnishing device reaches stable vibration state, this
When ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 regulated output voltage be 220V, electric current is 1.35A, and using laser doppler vibrometer ultrasonic ellipse is measured
Vibrate long semi-minor axis amplitude and be respectively 14.3 microns and 5.2 microns, and shown by the double tracks with lissajouf figure calculation function
The signal that ripple device is measured to laser doppler vibrometer carries out graphic operation, can obtain the ultrasound that axial ratio is 2.73 oval
Oscillation trajectory, fully meets the requirement of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory polishing.When reciprocating drive mechanism 14 and the ultrasonic ellipticity of single excitation are shaken
Dynamic system is while when driving instrument 8 carries out compound motion work, the motion polishing area of tool heads 8 is filled compared with One-Dimensional Ultrasonic ultrasound
Put and improve 5 times or so, and the uniformity of surface smoothness also improves 50%.