CN106179929A - Rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device - Google Patents
Rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106179929A CN106179929A CN201610552009.2A CN201610552009A CN106179929A CN 106179929 A CN106179929 A CN 106179929A CN 201610552009 A CN201610552009 A CN 201610552009A CN 106179929 A CN106179929 A CN 106179929A
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- horn
- metal cover
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001477622 annulus group Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B3/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving a change of amplitude
Abstract
The invention discloses rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device, including framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described horn includes upper part, variable cross-section part and end portion, and the shape of described variable cross-section part calculates according to formula.Described transducer includes that front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and even number are coaxial and connects the piezoelectric ceramics annulus forming piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, and adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus polarised directions are contrary.Obtained the physical dimension of transducer by formula after setting the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs.Described transducer also includes shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, the bottom end cover being located at shell lower surface and mounting flange, described upper end cover includes fixing post, described horn extends upwardly to be connected by connector, upper spring and lower spring between the inside of transducer, and horn with fixing post.The present invention can make described rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device obtain higher amplitude.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical field, particularly relate to rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device.
Background technology
In correlation technique, Ultrasonic machining is the one of the special process, at optics industry, medical apparatus and instruments, Aero-Space, cutter
All it is widely used with Making mold and pump industry processed.If tool heads adds rotary motion on the basis of Ultrasonic machining,
Then it is referred to as rotary ultrasonic machining.Rotary ultrasonic machining substantially can improve the stock-removing efficiency of material, but applies at rotary ultrasonic
The horn of processing unit (plant) easily ruptures because stress concentrates.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device, solve to apply in rotation
Easily there is the technical problem of fracture because stress concentrates in the horn turning ultrasonic machining device.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device, including frame
Frame, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Both sides above described transducer arrange rotary transformer, described change
Width bar includes upper part, variable cross-section part and end portion, and described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, described under
End portion is directly connected to tool heads, and the shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation: Wherein, P (x) is the cross-sectional area function of horn, and k is circular wavenumber, D (x)
For profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For the cross-sectional area of upper part Yu variable cross-section portion connection,
P1For the cross-sectional area of end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection, the length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization, even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction.Obtained the geometry of transducer by following equation after setting the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs
Size:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as it is shown on figure 3, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer；
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, described horn extend upwardly to be provided with between the inside of transducer, and horn and fixing post connector, on
Spring and lower spring, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, and the lower end of described upper spring connects connector, described
The upper end of lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects horn.
As preferably, being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
As preferably, after setting the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtain the several of transducer by following equation
What size: first the frequency equation of transducer is derived by (1): section A B is displacement nodal section, and displacement nodal section AB is by transducer
It is divided into two quarter-wave oscillators, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1It is 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each 1/4th
The oscillator of wavelength is all made up of piezoelectric ceramic wafer and metal cover board, the piezoelectricity pottery in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board
Porcelain enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, the length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after displacement nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf, piezoelectricity
The brilliant heap of pottery is made up of the piezoelectric ceramics annulus that P thickness is l, then have Lf+Lb=PlAnd l is much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Position
The resonance equations moving the quarter-wave oscillator before node is tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, after displacement node four
The resonance equations of/mono-wavelength oscillator is tan (keLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It it is single piezoelectric ceramics annulus
Characteristic impedance, l1And l2It is rear, the thickness of front metal cover board respectively；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and pass through
To resonance frequency equation obtain the concrete size of transducer.
As preferably, the cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is along its circumferencial direction
It is provided with the elastic rubber ring surrounding horn variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple scalable
Structure, and connect described bottom end cover by Collapsible structure.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.371 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Utilize accompanying drawing that invention is described further, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing do not constitute any limitation of the invention,
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain it according to the following drawings
Its accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of transducer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the piezoelectric ceramics circular ring structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference: 1, framework, 2, rotary transformer, 3, transducer, 4, horn, 5, tool heads.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment one
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:Its
In, P (x) is the cross-sectional area function of horn, and k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For upper part half
Footpath, P0For the cross-sectional area of upper part Yu variable cross-section portion connection, P1For end portion and variable cross-section portion connection
Cross-sectional area.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as it is shown on figure 3, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of oscillator is tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance side of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Journey is tan (keLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 17mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 12mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 35mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 30mm, its a length of 12mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 15mm, its a length of 36mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.371 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment two
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross-sectional area function of horn, and k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For upper part
Radius, P0For the cross-sectional area of upper part Yu variable cross-section portion connection, P1For end portion and variable cross-section portion connection
Cross-sectional area.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as in figure 2 it is shown, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2C2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of oscillator is tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance side of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Journey is tan (keLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 18mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 13mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 36mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 32mm, its a length of 12mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 16mm, its a length of 37mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.389 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment three
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:Its
In, P (x) is the cross-sectional area function of horn, and k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For upper part half
Footpath, P0For the cross-sectional area of upper part Yu variable cross-section portion connection, P1For end portion and variable cross-section portion connection
Cross-sectional area.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as it is shown on figure 3, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of oscillator is tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance side of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Journey is tan (keLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 16mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 11mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 32mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 28mm, its a length of 10mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 13mm, its a length of 32mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.365 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment four
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:
Wherein, P (x) is the cross-sectional area function of horn, and k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For upper part
Radius, P0For the cross-sectional area of upper part Yu variable cross-section portion connection, P1For end portion and variable cross-section portion connection
Cross-sectional area.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as in figure 2 it is shown, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of oscillator is tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance side of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Journey is tan (keLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 20mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 15mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 39mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 25mm, its a length of 10mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 10mm, its a length of 30mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.326=10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Embodiment five
Assembly of the invention, as it is shown in figure 1, include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and tool heads.Described
Both sides above transducer arrange rotary transformer.
Compared to the horn of exponential shape, cone shape, catenary shape etc., horn,stepped amplification coefficient is
Greatly, but stress distribution is concentrated, and is easily broken off, and job security is poor.Described horn uses notch cuttype, including upper end
Point, variable cross-section part and end portion, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to
Tool heads.The shape of described variable cross-section calculates according to following equation:Its
In, P (x) is the cross-sectional area function of horn, and k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For upper part half
Footpath, P0For the cross-sectional area of upper part Yu variable cross-section portion connection, P1For end portion and variable cross-section portion connection
Cross-sectional area.
The length of end portion calculates according to following equation:
Increasing variable cross-section part in horn can be conducive to the stress that will act on nodal section dispersed, reduces luffing
The probability of bar fracture.
Described transducer includes front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization.Even
Several described piezoelectric ceramics annulus coaxial connection forms piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics circle in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap
Circumpolarization is in opposite direction, and even number piezoelectric ceramics annulus connects can make front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and same polarity
Electrode connects, and can be connected with the earth terminal of circuit, it is to avoid between front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap simultaneously
The setting of insulating washer.Being additionally provided with metal electrode between adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-
0.2mm。
Set the resonant frequency of transducer according to actual needs, obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer is as in figure 2 it is shown, whole circuit is divided into three parts by dotted line, respectively
For front shroud equivalent circuit, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLIt is transducing respectively
After device, the load impedance at front two ends, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance isThe mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2,
k2=ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson respectively
Coefficient, l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if
Ignoring mechanical loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance
When resisting for minimum, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
The concrete size of transducer；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when
Input resistance resist for invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resists it is
Invalid big time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, by the frequency of vibration side of transducer
Journey is calculated the concrete size of transducer.
In the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, obtained the size of transducer by following method: (1) is first to transducer
Frequency equation is derived: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two and quarter-wave shakes by displacement nodal section AB
Son, i.e. Lf+l2And Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramics
Wafer and metal cover board composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, displacement
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap after nodal section and between rear metal cover board is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is l's by P thickness
Piezoelectric ceramics annulus forms, then have Lf+Lb=Pl and l are much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.Quarter-wave before displacement node
The resonance equations of oscillator is tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance side of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node
Journey is tan (keLb)tan(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is respectively
Afterwards, the thickness of front metal cover board；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtained by the resonance frequency equation obtained
The concrete size of transducer.
In correlation technique, horn is as connecting transducer and the intermediate member of tool heads, and general employing is threaded, but
It is due to the threaded gap that exists, vibration transmitting procedure has energy loss, and dither easily causes screw thread fatigue failure.
Described transducer also include shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, be located at shell lower surface bottom end cover and
Mounting flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes solid
Fixed column, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and downwardly extending supreme
The lower section of end cap, it is achieved rotary transformer and the connection of transducer.Described horn extends upwardly to the inside of transducer, and becomes
Being provided with connector, upper spring and lower spring between width bar and fixing post, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, institute
The lower end stating spring connects connector, and the upper end of described lower spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects luffing
Bar.Described connector can be iron block etc..The one of horn and transducer is realized by upper spring, connector and lower spring
Change, it is to avoid use and easily cause the threaded of fatigue loss, during work, the supersonic vibration propagated to fixing post by upper spring,
Lower spring is absorbed, and slowing down vibration energy is transmitted to fixing post, it is to avoid fixing connection between post and rotary transformer is vibrated
Loss, transmits vibrational energy to horn substantially.
The cental axial position of described mounting flange leaves perforate, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with encirclement along its circumferencial direction and becomes
The elastic rubber ring of width bar variable cross-section part.And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and lead to
Cross Collapsible structure and connect described bottom end cover.When regulating different frequencies, described mounting flange can be made by Collapsible structure
Transducer relatively moves up and down, thus reduces the biography of horn frequency of vibration while protecting to greatest extent and fixing horn
Pass, improve the utilization rate of vibrational energy.
In the present embodiment, the front metal cover board of described transducer and the thickness of rear metal cover board are 17mm, and piezoelectricity is made pottery
The thickness of porcelain crystalline substance heap is 12mm, and the diameter of front metal cover board, rear metal cover board and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is 35mm.
In the present embodiment, described horn is made up of titanium alloy material, and its supersonic frequency is 30KHz.
In the present embodiment, the end face diameter of the upper part of described horn is 40mm, its a length of 25mm, bottom
The end face diameter divided is 21mm, its a length of 40mm.Described horn is integrated with tool heads, the end plating of described tool heads
Or sintercorundum abrasive material.
Utilize form factorRelatively described horn can reach peak swing, form factorExpression formula is as follows:
Wherein,ρ C is the material mechanical impedance of only relevant with material horn.
Can obtain A value by ANSYS harmonic responding analysis, be computed, the A value of described horn is 0.402 × 10-12m/
Pa, the design natural frequency horn,stepped identical with described horn with area factor, be calculated A value be 0.090 ×
10-12m/Pa。
Last it should be noted that, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, rather than the present invention is protected
Protecting the restriction of scope, although having made to explain to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (4)
1. rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device, it is characterised in that include framework, rotary transformer, transducer, horn and instrument
Head；Both sides above described transducer arrange rotary transformer, and described horn includes upper part, variable cross-section part and lower end
Part, described upper part is directly connected to the bottom surface of transducer, and described end portion is directly connected to tool heads, described variable cross-section
Shape calculates according to following equation:Wherein, P (x)
For the cross-sectional area function of horn, k is circular wavenumber, and D (x) is profile radius function, D0For the radius of upper part, P0For
Upper part and the cross-sectional area of variable cross-section portion connection, P1Cross section for end portion Yu variable cross-section portion connection
Area, the length of end portion calculates according to following equation:Described transducer include front metal cover board, after
Metal cover board and the piezoelectric ceramics annulus of thickness direction polarization, form piezoelectricity coaxial connection of piezoelectric ceramics annulus described in even number
The brilliant heap of pottery, in piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap, adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus polarised directions are contrary；Set transducing according to actual needs
Obtained the physical dimension of transducer by following equation after the resonant frequency of device:
(1) equivalent circuit diagram of described transducer, whole circuit is divided into three parts, respectively front shroud equivalent electric by dotted line
Road, back shroud equivalent circuit and piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap equivalent circuit, wherein, ZbLAnd ZfLAfter being transducer respectively, front two ends negative
Carry impedance, set according to actual needs；
(2) Vibration Frequency Equations of described transducer is
Front metal cover board input mechanical impedance isRear metal cover board input mechanical impedance is
The mechanical impedance of transducer is
Wherein,Zf=ρ2c2S2, k2=
ω/c2, c2It is the velocity of sound in front metal cover board, ρ2、E2、σ2It is the density of front metal cover board, Young's modulus and Poisson's coefficient respectively,
l2And S2It is thickness and the area of cross section of front metal cover board；
(3) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, if ignoring machine
Tool loss and dielectric loss, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=0；If consideration mechanical loss, input resistance resists for
Hour, the resonance frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|min, it is calculated transducer by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
Concrete size；
(4) it is difficult to determine due to the load of transducer, the most generally transducer is regarded as unloaded, i.e. ZbL=ZfL=0, when input electricity
Impedance be invalid big time, ignore loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=∞；When input resistance resist for invalid greatly
Time, it is considered to loss, the antiresonant frequency equation of transducer is | Zi|=| Zi|max, calculated by the Vibration Frequency Equations of transducer
Obtain the concrete size of transducer；
Described transducer also includes shell, the upper end cover being located at upper surface of outer cover, is located at the bottom end cover of shell lower surface and fixes
Flange, described shell fixes described piezoelectric ceramics annulus, front metal cover board and rear metal cover board, and described upper end cover includes fixing
Post, described fixing post is located at the cental axial position of upper end cover and extends upwardly in rotary transformer, and extending downward upper end
The lower section of lid, described horn extends upwardly to be provided with connector, upper bullet between the inside of transducer, and horn and fixing post
Spring and lower spring, the upper end of described upper spring connects the lower end of fixing post, and the lower end of described upper spring connects connector, described under
The upper end of spring connects connector, and the lower end of described lower spring connects horn.
Rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adjacent two piezoelectric ceramics annulus
Between be additionally provided with metal electrode, the thickness of metal electrode is 0.02-0.2mm.
Rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that set transducing according to actual needs
The physical dimension of transducer is obtained by following equation: first the frequency equation of transducer is carried out by (1) after the resonant frequency of device
Derive: section A B is displacement nodal section, and transducer is divided into two quarter-wave oscillators, i.e. L by displacement nodal section ABf+l2And
Lb+l1Being 1/4th of vibration wavelength, each quarter-wave oscillator is by piezoelectric ceramic wafer and metal cover board
Composition, the piezoelectric ceramics in face of displacement node and between front metal cover board enters the length of team and is designated as Lf, with rear metal after displacement nodal section
The length of the piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap between cover plate is designated as LbIf piezoelectric ceramics crystalline substance heap is by the piezoelectric ceramics annulus group that P thickness is l
Become, then have Lf+ Lb=PL and l is much smaller than the wavelength of thickness vibration.The resonance equations of the quarter-wave oscillator before displacement node
For tan (keLf)tan(k2l2)=Zo/Zf, the resonance equations of the quarter-wave oscillator after displacement node is tan (keLb)tan
(k1l1)=Zo/Zf, wherein, Z0It is the characteristic impedance of single piezoelectric ceramics annulus, l1And l2It is rear, the thickness of front metal cover board respectively
Degree；(2) set resonant frequency according to actual needs, and obtain the concrete size of transducer by the resonance frequency equation obtained.
Rotary ultrasonic machining vibrating device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the central shaft of described mounting flange
Perforate is left in position, and the inner side of described perforate is provided with the elastic rubber ring surrounding horn variable cross-section part along its circumferencial direction.
And the upper surface of described mounting flange is interval with multiple Collapsible structure, and connect described bottom end cover by Collapsible structure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106827554A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-06-13 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of ultrasonic activation mode conversion method and large scale Ultrasonic Plastic boxing system |
| CN107716257A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 山东品创机械设备有限公司 | A kind of piezoelectric ceramic vibration source and the lathe and industrial robot using the vibration source |
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