CN106140119B - γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种γ‑Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱制柱的制备方法,将湿化学制备材料的方法应用于制柱技术中,采用三乙氧铝试剂作为前驱体进行溶胶‑凝胶原位合成制备的γ‑Al2O3,所合成γ‑Al2O3纯度完全可以控制,由此制作成的色谱柱吸附特性更趋向于理想的可逆吸附过程,色谱分离性能优越,在C1~C5低碳烃以及各异构体分离中表现优越,不饱和烃,特别是二烯烃和炔烃、乙炔组分色谱峰对称度达到0.95≤Tf≤1.1,这类极性物质在此色谱柱上具有良好的线性响应。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于色谱柱的制备工艺、具体涉及一种γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法。
背景技术
色谱分析发展至今已是一项十分成熟的分离分析技术,它广泛应用于环境科学、生命科学、石油化工以及食品工业等诸多领域中的复杂组分的分离分析。
在色谱分析中,色谱柱的性能起着至关重要的作用,它是色谱仪器的核心部件最主要的消耗品。色谱柱技术的进步直接推动色谱仪器功能的提升和发展,它也是现代色谱技术发展的源动力。
气相毛细管色谱柱的传统制备工艺都比较复杂周期较长,同时,固定相和石英毛细管内壁之间通常并无化学键生成,在较高温度下使用时,固定液流失较严重。吸附型毛细管色谱柱中的吸附剂颗粒容易脱落、机械强度较低,在气体分析进行阀切换时,该缺点更是尤为明显。另外,吸附型毛细管色谱柱的制备工艺过程是先将无机吸附剂颗粒如γ-Al2O3、硅胶、分子筛以及活性炭等吸附剂材料先进行机械研磨,研磨至吸附剂颗粒粒径达到微米级,再将其配置成悬浮乳液再进行色谱柱动态涂覆,如此,往往在长时间高强度的研磨过程中,研磨罐体及研磨球材料粉末会大量磨损下来,因此,在所研磨吸附剂材料中额外带入杂质,吸附剂材料纯度无法保障,由此制备的色谱柱吸附性能有较大差异。因此,毛细管色谱柱制柱技术是能否得到优良色谱分离性能的关键。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种γ-AL2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,能够解决石英毛细管色谱柱内壁生成γ-Al2O3和其纯度控制问题,由此制备出色谱吸附性能一致、很高分离效率以及机械强极高的毛细管色谱柱。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下的技术方案:
一种γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
a.在石英毛细管内注入含有双官能团的有机改性化学试剂,对管内壁进行化学修饰,使管内壁键合上单分子有机改性层;
b.在管内壁改性过的石英毛细管内充入溶胶-凝胶反应溶液进行反应;
c.将经溶胶-凝胶反应后的石英毛细管置入加热炉,同时对石英毛细通氧气,并通过加热进行转化反应,生成γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱;
d.用钝化试剂对γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱进行钝化反应;
e.将钝化过的γ-Al2O3多孔层色谱柱置入加热炉,柱内通氮气同时加热,以进行老化处理。
所述步骤a的具体步骤包括:
a1.配制有机改性化学试剂,浓度为1%-20%,化学试剂结构式为:以二氯甲烷和正己烷作为稀释溶剂;
a2.将配置好的化学试剂注入长度为5-100m、内径为0.2-1mm的石英毛细管内,并将石英毛细管两端用火焰烧结密封;
a3.将石英毛细管置于加热炉内,加热至80-250℃,反应1-6小时,再冷却至室温;
a4.取出打开石英毛细管的两端,分别用二氯甲烷和正戊烷淋洗2-5 次,再用氮气吹干待用。
所述步骤b的具体步骤包括:
b1.配置溶胶-凝胶反应溶液,量取1-5ml纯度为99%的三乙氧铝溶液置于50ML烧杯中;
b2.分别加入0.1-1ml的三氟乙酸、0.1-5ml的二次去离子水、0.1-0.5g 的致孔剂十二直链碳酸;
b3.加入20ml的无水乙醇进行稀释,用玻璃棒慢慢搅拌至各组分完全溶解,使溶液呈透亮放置待用;
b4.将配置好的溶胶-凝胶反应液注入已进行内壁改性过的石英毛细管内,并将管两端通过火焰烧结密封;
b5.放置于恒温水浴中,水浴温度调至60-65℃,反应时为12-20小时。
所述步骤c的具体步骤包括:
c1.待反应完毕后打开管两端,分别用二氯甲烷和正戊烷淋洗;
c2.淋洗过后再置于加热炉中,并在管一端通入氧气,且加热至300-350 ℃,保持3-12小时;
c3.冷却至室温,取出待用。
所述步骤d的具体步骤包括:
d1.配置钝化试剂,称取4克无水硫酸钠加入100ml去离水溶解完全, 作为无机钝化试剂;
d2.称取0.01克端羟基聚硅氧烷加入100ml正戊烷溶解完全,作为有机钝化试剂;
d3.分别取50ml无机钝化试剂和有机钝化试剂依次对已高温转化处理的色谱柱进行淋洗钝化,再用高纯氮气将色谱柱吹至完全干燥。
所述步骤e的具体步骤包括:
所述老化处理中,加热至200-250℃,保温10-20小时。
还包括步骤f,将老化好的色谱柱安装在气相色谱仪器上进行性能测试。
本发明的γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱制柱的制备方法,将湿化学制备材料的方法应用于制柱技术中,采用三乙氧铝试剂作为前驱体进行溶胶- 凝胶原位合成制备的γ-Al2O3,所合成γ-Al2O3纯度完全可以控制,由此制作成的色谱柱吸附特性更趋向于理想的可逆吸附过程,色谱分离性能优越,在C1~C5低碳烃以及各异构体分离中表现优越,不饱和烃,特别是二烯烃和炔烃、乙炔组分色谱峰对称度达到0.95≤Tf≤1.1,这类极性物质在此色谱柱上具有良好的线性响应。另外,由于采用原位合成技术制备的γ -Al2O3,γ-Al2O3颗粒之间、颗粒与石英管内壁之间发生化学键合,使γ -Al2O3多孔层具有了整体特性,γ-Al2O3床层牢固不易脱落,即使采用大的气流波动的阀切换也不会造成细小颗粒的脱落而影响色谱检测。由此制备的色谱柱具有非常高的机械强度,使得该色谱柱在石油化工、煤化工以及绿色制冷剂生产中的低碳烃和氟氯烃分离分析中,成为理想的、必须采用的色谱柱柱型。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1得出色谱柱对C1-C5低碳烃分离次序图;
图2是本发明的实施例2得出色谱柱对C1-C5低碳烃分离次序图
图3是本发明的实施例3得出色谱柱对C1-C5低碳烃分离次序图
具体实施方式
本发明的一种γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,其主要包括如下步骤:
a.在石英毛细管内注入含有双官能团的有机改性化学试剂,对管内壁进行化学修饰,使管内壁键合上单分子有机改性层;
b.在管内壁改性过的石英毛细管内充入溶胶-凝胶反应溶液进行反应;
c.将经溶胶-凝胶反应后的石英毛细管置入加热炉,同时对石英毛细通氧气,并通过加热进行转化反应,生成γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱;
d.用钝化试剂对γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱进行钝化反应;
e.将钝化过的γ-Al2O3多孔层色谱柱置入加热炉,柱内通氮气同时加热,以进行老化处理。
当然,还可以包括步骤f,将老化好的色谱柱安装在气相色谱仪器上进行性能测试。
所述步骤a的具体步骤包括:
a1.配制有机改性化学试剂,浓度为1%-20%,化学试剂结构式为:以二氯甲烷和正己烷作为稀释溶剂;
a2.将配置好的化学试剂注入长度为5-100m、内径为0.2-1mm的石英毛细管内,并将石英毛细管两端用火焰烧结密封;
a3.将石英毛细管置于加热炉内,加热至80-250℃,反应1-6小时,再冷却至室温;
a4.取出打开石英毛细管的两端,分别用二氯甲烷和正戊烷淋洗2-5 次,再用氮气吹干待用。
所述步骤b的具体步骤包括:
b1.配置溶胶-凝胶反应溶液,量取1-5ml纯度为99%的三乙氧铝溶液置于50ML烧杯中;
b2.分别加入0.1-1ml的三氟乙酸、0.1-5ml的二次去离子水、0.1-0.5g 的致孔剂十二直链碳酸;
b3.加入20ml的无水乙醇进行稀释,用玻璃棒慢慢搅拌至各组分完全溶解,使溶液呈透亮放置待用;
b4.将配置好的溶胶-凝胶反应液注入已进行内壁改性过的石英毛细管内,并将管两端通过火焰烧结密封;
b5.放置于恒温水浴中,水浴温度调至60-65℃,反应时为12-20小时。
所述步骤c的具体步骤包括:
c1.待步骤b反应完毕后,打开管两端,分别用二氯甲烷和正戊烷进行淋洗;
c2.淋洗过后再置于加热炉中,并在管一端通入氧气,且加热至300-450 ℃,保持3-12小时;
c3.冷却至室温,生成γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱并取出待用。
所述步骤d的具体步骤包括:
d1.配置钝化试剂,称取4克无水硫酸钠加入100ml去离水溶解完全, 作为无机钝化试剂;
d2.称取0.01克端羟基聚硅氧烷加入100ml正戊烷溶解完全,作为有机钝化试剂;
d3.分别取50ml无机钝化试剂和有机钝化试剂依次对已高温转化处理的色谱柱进行淋洗钝化,再用高纯氮气将色谱柱吹至完全干燥。
所述步骤e的具体步骤包括:
所述老化处理中,加热至200-250℃,保温10-20小时。
下面通过具体举例进行说明:
将上述实施例1-3所制备的色谱柱安装在气相色谱仪器上进行性能测试,试验结果如下:
实例1得出色谱柱对C1-C5低碳烃分离次序图如图1所示,
各组分均得到完全分离乙炔(acetylene)组分色谱峰对称度Tf=1.08;
实例2得出色谱柱对C1-C5低碳烃分离次序图如图2所示,
各组分均得到完全分离乙炔(acetylene)组分色谱峰对称度Tf=1.06;
实例3得出色谱柱对C1-C5低碳烃分离次序图如图3所示,
各组分均得到完全分离乙炔(acetylene)组分色谱峰对称度Tf=1.1。
图1-图3中的峰号及名称均为:
1 甲烷/methane
2 乙烷/ethane
3 乙烯/ethene
4 丙烷/propane
5 环丙烷/cylclopropane
6 丙烯/propylene
7 异丁烷/iso-butane
8 正丁烷/n-butane
9 丙二烯/propadiene
10 乙炔/acetylene
11 反丁烯/trans-2-butene
12 正丁烯/1-butene
13 异丁烯/iso-butene
14 顺丁烯/cis-2-butene
15 异戊烷/iso-pentane
16 正戊烷/n-pentane
17 1,2-丁二烯/1,2-butadiene
18 1,3-丁二烯/1,3-butadiene
19 丙炔/propyne
20 乙烯基乙炔/vinyl acetylene
综上所述,采用本发明的γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,能够解决石英毛细管色谱柱内壁生成γ-Al2O3和其纯度控制问题,由此制备出色谱吸附性能一致、很高分离效率以及机械强极高的毛细管色谱柱。
但是,本技术领域中的普通技术人员应当认识到,以上的实施例仅是用来说明本发明,而并非用作为对本发明的限定,只要在本发明的实质精神范围内,对以上所述实施例的变化、变型都将落在本发明的权利要求书范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
a.在石英毛细管内注入含有双官能团的有机改性化学试剂,对管内壁进行化学修饰,使管内壁键合上单分子有机改性层;
b.在管内壁改性过的石英毛细管内充入溶胶-凝胶反应溶液进行反应;
c.将经溶胶-凝胶反应后的石英毛细管置入加热炉,同时对石英毛细通氧气,并通过加热进行转化反应,生成γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱;
d.用钝化试剂对γ-Al2O3颗粒多孔层色谱柱进行钝化反应;
e.将钝化过的γ-Al2O3多孔层色谱柱置入加热炉,柱内通氮气同时加热,以进行老化处理;
所述步骤a的具体步骤包括:
a1.配制有机改性化学试剂,所述有机化学试剂的溶质的结构式为:
所述有机化学试剂的溶质的浓度为1%-20%,所述有机化学试剂以二氯甲烷和正己烷作为稀释溶剂;
a2.将配制好的化学试剂注入长度为5-100m、内径为0.2-1mm的石英毛细管内,并将石英毛细管两端用火焰烧结密封;
a3.将石英毛细管置于加热炉内,加热至80-250℃,反应1-6小时,再冷却至室温;
a4.取出打开石英毛细管的两端,分别用二氯甲烷和正戊烷淋洗2-5次,再用氮气吹干待用;
所述步骤b的具体步骤包括:
b1.配制溶胶-凝胶反应溶液,量取1-5ml纯度为99%的三乙氧基铝溶液置于50ml烧杯中;
b2.分别加入0.1-1ml的三氟乙酸、0.1-5ml的二次去离子水、0.1-0.5g的致孔剂十二直链碳酸;
b3.加入20ml的无水乙醇进行稀释,用玻璃棒慢慢搅拌至各组分完全溶解,使溶液呈透亮放置待用;
b4.将配制好的溶胶-凝胶反应液注入已进行内壁改性过的石英毛细管内,并将管两端通过火焰烧结密封;
b5.放置于恒温水浴中,水浴温度调至60-65℃,反应时为12-20小时;
所述步骤c的具体步骤包括:
c1.待反应完毕后打开管两端,分别用二氯甲烷和正戊烷淋洗;
c2.淋洗过后再置于加热炉中,并在管一端通入氧气,且加热至300-450℃,保持3-12小时;
c3.冷却至室温,取出待用;
所述步骤d的具体步骤包括:
d1.配制钝化试剂,称取4克无水硫酸钠加入100ml去离水溶解完全,作为无机钝化试剂;
d2.称取0.01克端羟基聚硅氧烷加入100ml正戊烷溶解完全,作为有机钝化试剂;
d3.分别取50ml无机钝化试剂和有机钝化试剂依次对已高温转化处理的色谱柱进行淋洗钝化,再用高纯氮气将色谱柱吹至完全干燥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤e的具体步骤包括:
所述老化处理中,加热至200-250℃,保温10-20小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述的γ-Al2O3多孔层毛细管色谱柱的制备方法,其特征在于,还包括步骤f,将老化好的色谱柱安装在气相色谱仪器上进行性能测试。
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Citations (2)
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US5288310A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-02-22 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Adsorbent trap for gas chromatography |
CN1191971A (zh) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-02 | 中国石油化工总公司石油化工科学研究院 | 一种用于分析c1-c5烃的色谱固定相及制备 |
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US5288310A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-02-22 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Adsorbent trap for gas chromatography |
CN1191971A (zh) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-02 | 中国石油化工总公司石油化工科学研究院 | 一种用于分析c1-c5烃的色谱固定相及制备 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Al2O3-PLOT毛细管色谱柱的溶胶-凝胶法制备;龚成科等;《分析测试学报》;20090430;第28卷(第4期);第414-418页 |
Chromatographic Properties of Open Tubular Columns with an Adsorption Layer of Aerosil;I. A. Platonov et al.;《Journal of Analytical Chemistry》;20081231;第63卷(第1期);第46-51页 |
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