CN106135202A - The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof - Google Patents

The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106135202A
CN106135202A CN201610432535.5A CN201610432535A CN106135202A CN 106135202 A CN106135202 A CN 106135202A CN 201610432535 A CN201610432535 A CN 201610432535A CN 106135202 A CN106135202 A CN 106135202A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
foamaseptic
disinfectant
foam
matsubain
benzyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610432535.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
潘家齐
孙永义
谢亚利
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GUANGZHOU WXINGDA ANIMAL PHARMACEUTICAL Co Ltd
Original Assignee
GUANGZHOU WXINGDA ANIMAL PHARMACEUTICAL Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GUANGZHOU WXINGDA ANIMAL PHARMACEUTICAL Co Ltd filed Critical GUANGZHOU WXINGDA ANIMAL PHARMACEUTICAL Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610432535.5A priority Critical patent/CN106135202A/en
Publication of CN106135202A publication Critical patent/CN106135202A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/16Foams
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/02Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A01N33/12Quaternary ammonium compounds

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to disinfection technology field, specifically disclose preparation method and the using method thereof of a kind of foamaseptic.Disinfectant is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 10~30%, high-efficient penetrant 0.5~1%, foaming agent 40~60%, nonionic surfactant 1~1.5%, pure water adds to 100%.Foam-type disinfectant of the present invention has wide spectrum, sterilizing effect efficient, quick, can kill brood body and spore, fungus, the virus of antibacterial.It is mainly used in the sterilization of plant, public place, apparatus, hatching house, hatching egg and animal transport vehicle etc..Additionally this product also has the multiple effects such as deodorization, cleaning, algae removal.

Description

The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to disinfection technology field, in particular it relates to the preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and user thereof Method.
Background technology
Month benzyl three Matsubain belongs to cationic surface active agent, green safety, nonirritant and corrosivity, to environment, Water body safety, natural decomposition, all animal is had no side effect in drinking-water or feedstuff even if trickling down.Month benzyl three Matsubain can be rapidly Destroying the biomembrane of antimicrobial surface, in making microorganism, material is excessive, quickly kills pathogenic microorganism.To escherichia coli, Pasteur Bacillus, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus rhusiopathiae suis, Bacillus anthracis, micrococcus scarlatinae, reproductive and respiratory syndrome poison, Pseudorabies virus, Swine fever virus, foot and mouth disease virus and other pathogenic microorganisms, have powerful killing action such as fungus, mycete, mycoplasma etc..
At present, the disinfectant dosage form with moon benzyl three Matsubain as principal agent is limited only to liquid solution, the sterilization of foam type Agent have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic.
It is a further object to provide a kind of using method for foam disinfectant.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 10~30%, high-effective penetrating Agent 0.5~1%, foaming agent 40~60%, nonionic surfactant 1~1.5%, pure water adds to 100%.
Preferably, described foamaseptic, be made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 10%, high Effect penetrating agent 1%, foaming agent 50%, nonionic surfactant 1%, pure water adds to 100%.
Moon benzyl three Matsubain that foamaseptic contains belongs to cationic surface active agent, has and stronger kills cause of disease Microbial action, can kill brood body and spore, fungus, the virus of antibacterial, to staphylococcus aureus, bacillus rhusiopathiae suis, chicken Hakuri Salmonella, Bacillus anthracis, micrococcus scarlatinae, newcastle disease virus, foot and mouth disease virus and parvovirus Stronger killing action is had Deng pathogenic microorganism.It is mainly used in poultry mew, equipment utensil, hatching house, hatching egg and animal fortune The sterilization of defeated vehicle etc..
Preferably, described high-efficient penetrant is fast penetrant T, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 or alkali-resistant penetrant AEP.
Preferably, described foaming agent is cocamido propyl betaine.
Preferably, described nonionic surfactant is tween 20.
The operation instruction of foamaseptic of the present invention: disinfectant is pressed the dilution mixing of 1:300 extraordinarily clear water;By special Foaming spray gun connects with sterilizing machine spray gun head tube;Opening pressurization sterilizing machine to carry out disinfection, spray gun is at distance sterilised object 2~3m Remote location carries out even spraying, and sterilization from top to bottom, makes sterilised object surface uniformly adhere to one layer of sterilization foam;Sterilization Foam must stand more than 15 minutes, is rinsed well by residual foam with high pressure clear water after sterilization.
Foamaseptic application notice: operate moral standing safety device to be equipped with such as glove, mask and eye protection during use Apparatus, avoids disinfectant stock solution directly to contact skin as far as possible and damages.Before sterilization will by wall, ground, column home, apparatus, set The sterilised object surface cleaning such as standby, hatching egg, vehicle are clean, in order to avoid causing decontaminant concentration to reduce affect Disinfection Effect.According to bubble The ratio that foam disinfectant operation instruction specifies carries out foam disinfectant dilution agent, in order to avoid affecting foamaseptic using effect.Foam Disinfectant needs to use high-pressure unit device and special foam lance, could produce foam of preferably sterilizing.Spray disinfectant foam is not The most too many, only need to uniformly spray one layer.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
1. sterilizing power is higher: this product forms disinfectant foam, is attached to be sterilized object by the surface tension of foam Surface, can stop 5~10 minutes, with the action time extending disinfectant be sterilized object, the sterilization strengthening disinfectant disappears Toxic effect fruit.
2. sterilizing is more comprehensively: this product forms disinfectant foam, can cover sterilising zone surface, makes sterilization face visual Strengthen, it is to avoid sterilization blind area, thus reach sterilizing more comprehensively.
3. sterilizing is more thorough: this product is under the effect of the various active factor such as surfactant and penetrating agent, permissible Rapid osmotic enters inside column home gap, crackle and organic pollution, and actively traps fast by Brownian movement and electrostatic attraction Speed kills various pathogen, makes sterilizing more thorough.
4. disinfectant stability is strong: in this product the main disinfection composition moon benzyl three Matsubain stability strengthen, it is ensured that it kills Bacterium disinfecting power is not affected by the acid-base value in environment, illumination, temperature, the change of humidity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow figure of foam-type disinfectant of the present invention.
Fig. 2 carries out foam disinfectant situation for using special foam lance.
Fig. 3 is that small-sized pig house uses the foam situation of 5 minutes after foamaseptic.
Fig. 4 is that farrowing house uses the foam situation of 5 minutes after foamaseptic.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment the present invention made and elaborating further, described embodiment It is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Test method used in following embodiment is as without special Different explanation, is conventional method;The material that used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, for the reagent commercially obtained And material.
Embodiment 1
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 10%, fast penetrant T is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 50%, tween 20 is 1.5%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 15%, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 is 0.8%, cocamido propyl betaine 45%, and tween 20 is 1%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 20%, alkali-resistant penetrant AEP Being 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 55%, tween 20 is 1%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 25%, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 55%, and tween 20 is 1.5%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 5
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 30%, fast penetrant T is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 60%, tween 20 is 1.5%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 6
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 10%, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 40%, and tween 20 is 1%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 7
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 20%, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 55%, and tween 20 is 1%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Comparative example 1
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 35%, fast penetrant T is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 50%, tween 20 is 1.5%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 8%, fast penetrant T is 1%, cocamido propyl betaine 50%, tween 20 is 1.5%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of foamaseptic, is made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 20%, fast penetrant T is 1%, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate 50%, tween 20 is 1.5%, and pure water adds to 100%.
The preparation technology of described foamaseptic is shown in Fig. 1.
Application examples 1
Use improvement warringblender method, by 50ml embodiment 1~7 and comparative example 1~3 foam disinfectant agent solution with 4000r/min quickly stirs 1min, observes foam volume and half foam life period (i.e. foam separates out liquid 25ml required time), knot Fruit is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 disinfectant half foam life period
Group Foam volume Half foam life period
Embodiment 1 120 mL 47 min
Embodiment 2 114 mL 44.5 min
Embodiment 3 128 mL 49 min
Embodiment 4 130 mL 54.2 min
Embodiment 5 145 mL 55 min
Embodiment 6 103 mL 43 min
Embodiment 7 130 mL 53 min
Comparative example 1 125 mL 48 min
Comparative example 2 118 mL 45 min
Comparative example 3 100 mL 42 min
Application examples 2
Foam-type disinfectant described in embodiment 1 and comparative example 1~3 is used pig farm to be carried out disinfection effectiveness comparison respectively.By agricultural Portion's " disinfectant for animals identification technology specification " standard comparing a few example moon benzyl three Matsubain foamaseptic is on-the-spot to pig house place table The Disinfection Effect in face.
1. test material
1.1 test disinfectant: select embodiment 1, comparative example 1~3 foamaseptic and 10% month benzyl three Matsubain disinfectant solution (being produced by animal pharmaceutical estate company limited of Guangzhou Xingda).
1.2 nertralizers: be the bactericidal nurishing meat soup of 0.5% hypo solution, 1% tween 80.
1.3 culture medium: the Martin's agar culture medium containing 10% calf serum, sample solution is 0.01 mol/L PBS phosphate Buffer, test tools, cotton swab etc. and buffer are all through 121 DEG C of autoclavings.
2. test method
2.1 packets and sterilization: choose on certain pig farm and do not carried out the conservation pigsty of any sterilization between 6 in one month of townhouse (about 20m2), often there is crib and choose ground and 1m eminence wall in house, be randomly divided into 6 groups.Test front tap water and rinse ground, Natural drying carried out formal test after 1 hour.Wherein the 1st group be embodiment the 1, the 2nd~4 group be comparative example 1~3, all by every 30L Special foam gun is used to spray foam (by every 20m after clear water adds foamaseptic mixing2Place is sprayed 5L and is as the criterion);5th, 6 groups are respectively 10% month benzyl three Matsubain disinfectant solution and tap water, by every 20m2Place conventional nebulizers uniformly sprays 5L.All with Till ground or utensil moisten.
2.2 method of samplings: soak sterile cotton swab sampling with sterilizing PBS before sterilization, be specially pre-at every pig house First draw fixed sample point ground (5 × 5cm2), wall, 10 samplings of wiping of respectively exerting oneself on crib, and constantly conversion swab wiping Face, immerses cotton swab equipped with in 8mL sterilizing PBS, firmly shakes to obtain eluent, and often 3 parts of samples are adopted in group sterile zones.? The 10th, 30 and 60 minutes three time points after sterilization, with infiltrating the sterile cotton swab of nertralizer by sample mode before sterilization Sample 3 times.
2.3 antibacterial culturing and counting: each eluent PBS all makees 1:100 times of diluent, each absorption 0.1 mL It is poured in the Martin's agar plate containing 10% serum cultivation.Colony counting is carried out, calculating sterilizing rate after 37 DEG C of cultivation 24 h:
Viable count × 100% before sterilizing rate %=(viable count after viable count sterilization before sterilization)/sterilization
3. result of the test
6 groups of disinfection treatment methods are shown in Table 2 to the Disinfection Effect of pig house ground, metope and crib surface bacteria.
Table 2 is to pig house ground, metope and crib surface bacteria Disinfection Effect (n=3)
Foam is used to spray disinfection technology the 10th, 30 and 60 minutes after sterilization from table 2, embodiment 1 and comparative example 1~3 Time sterilizing rate all reach more than 99%, to be all the foamaseptic (embodiment 1) of 10% month benzyl three Matsubain concentration and sterilization Relatively, it is superior to common disinfectant solution at the Disinfection Effect of three time points to liquor ratio, and the Disinfection Effect of its foamaseptic is steady Fixed.
The preparation method and the embodiment 1~7 that the foregoing is only a kind of month benzyl three Matsubain foamaseptic of invention are joined Side's ratio composition, about only needing in its application process to change connecting special foam lance into should be included in protection scope of the present invention In.

Claims (4)

1. a foamaseptic, it is characterised in that be made up of each component of following percetage by weight: the moon benzyl three Matsubain 10~ 30%, high-efficient penetrant 0.5~1%, foaming agent 40~60%, nonionic surfactant 1~1.5%, pure water adds to 100%.
Disinfectant the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described high-efficient penetrant is fast penetrant T, alkaline-resisting oozes Agent OEP-70 or alkali-resistant penetrant AEP thoroughly.
Disinfectant the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is cocamido propyl betaine.
Disinfectant the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nonionic surfactant is tween 20.
CN201610432535.5A 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof Pending CN106135202A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610432535.5A CN106135202A (en) 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610432535.5A CN106135202A (en) 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106135202A true CN106135202A (en) 2016-11-23

Family

ID=57353593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610432535.5A Pending CN106135202A (en) 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106135202A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108566947A (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-25 洛阳惠中兽药有限公司 A kind of foam disinfectant auxiliary agent, preparation method and foamaseptic prepared therefrom
CN109744235A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-14 江苏康巴特生物工程有限公司 A kind of foam cleaning disinfection liquid and preparation method thereof
CN109845735A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-06-07 新乡市康大消毒剂有限公司 A kind of the farm agent of foam cleaning and sterilizing and its application
CN112493239A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-03-16 湖南幻影三陆零科技有限公司 Space disinfectant, space disinfection composition and application thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102349510A (en) * 2011-08-15 2012-02-15 赣州八维生物科技有限公司 Composite disinfectant for livestock and poultry and using method
CN104940183A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-30 山东信得科技股份有限公司 Disinfectant and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102349510A (en) * 2011-08-15 2012-02-15 赣州八维生物科技有限公司 Composite disinfectant for livestock and poultry and using method
CN104940183A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-30 山东信得科技股份有限公司 Disinfectant and preparation method thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108566947A (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-25 洛阳惠中兽药有限公司 A kind of foam disinfectant auxiliary agent, preparation method and foamaseptic prepared therefrom
CN109744235A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-14 江苏康巴特生物工程有限公司 A kind of foam cleaning disinfection liquid and preparation method thereof
CN109845735A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-06-07 新乡市康大消毒剂有限公司 A kind of the farm agent of foam cleaning and sterilizing and its application
CN112493239A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-03-16 湖南幻影三陆零科技有限公司 Space disinfectant, space disinfection composition and application thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Ni et al. Application of slightly acidic electrolyzed water for decontamination of stainless steel surfaces in animal transport vehicles
CN106135202A (en) The preparation method of a kind of foamaseptic and using method thereof
Jang et al. Efficacy evaluation of commercial disinfectants by using Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a test organism
CN103271985B (en) A kind of skin mucosa disinfecting agent
CN105724439A (en) Sterilizing and deodorizing agent for pets
CN103929967A (en) Disinfectant compositions and uses thereof
US20140328949A1 (en) Electrochemically generated antimicrobial sodium hydroxide solution
Dwyer Environmental disinfection to control equine infectious diseases
JP2022539264A (en) antibacterial composition
Guan et al. Influence of temperature and organic load on chemical disinfection of Geobacillus steareothermophilus spores, a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis
Yitian et al. Inactivation efficiency of slightly acidic electrolyzed water against microbes on facility surfaces in a disinfection channel
CN109954396A (en) A kind of sterilizing deodorization agent of livestock and poultry cultivation
Immerseel et al. Cleaning and disinfection.
CN109845735A (en) A kind of the farm agent of foam cleaning and sterilizing and its application
RU2554743C1 (en) Method for livestock houses disinfection from staphylococcosis agents
CN101006790A (en) Refined iodine disinfectant liquor
CN102106347A (en) Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, thymol and tannin compound bactericide
CN106942258A (en) Cationic surfactant composite disinfectant for animals and preparation method and application
CN116761639A (en) Sanitary program and product
Rahman et al. Application of Electrolyzed Water on Livestock
CN112450217A (en) Disinfectant and disinfectant composition containing same
Bajgai et al. Application of New Concept Disinfectant, Huureka®, On Livestock Farming
RU2561872C1 (en) Method of disinfection of livestock premises from pseudomonosis causative agent
Walker et al. The in vitro efficacy of a quaternary ammonia disinfectant and/or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-tris against commercial broiler hatchery isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
US20240172759A1 (en) Formulation comprising chlorite and percarbonate salts

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20161123