CN106102616B - 用于外固定装置的长形销 - Google Patents

用于外固定装置的长形销 Download PDF

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CN106102616B
CN106102616B CN201580005480.3A CN201580005480A CN106102616B CN 106102616 B CN106102616 B CN 106102616B CN 201580005480 A CN201580005480 A CN 201580005480A CN 106102616 B CN106102616 B CN 106102616B
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elongate pin
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达妮埃莱·文图里尼
安德列·奥托博尼
恩里科·赞多纳
米歇尔·口艾迪
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Orthofix SRL
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/64Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
    • A61B17/6458Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned with pin-clamps fixed at ends of connecting element
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/846Nails or pins, i.e. anchors without movable parts, holding by friction only, with or without structured surface
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A61B17/861Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • A61B17/8635Tips of screws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/64Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
    • A61B17/6466Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned with pin-clamps movable along a solid connecting rod
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/846Nails or pins, i.e. anchors without movable parts, holding by friction only, with or without structured surface
    • A61B17/848Kirschner wires, i.e. thin, long nails

Abstract

用于外固定装置的长形销(1),该外固定装置用于暂时和/或永久固定应用于治疗骨折和将两个或多个骨碎块相互连接,所示长形销包括沿纵轴(X)延伸的长形圆柱杆(2)和具有用于将所述销(1)插入骨内的尖端和外螺纹的锥形端部(3),其中,具有尖端的所述锥形端部(3)具有一沿纵轴(X)测得的总长度,该总长度等于所述杆(2)的直径(d)的±所述直径(d)的20%,并且其中,杆(2)包括邻接锥形端部(3)延伸的圆柱形端部区域(4),该圆柱形端部区域(4)具有外螺纹,该外螺纹延伸一沿纵轴(X)测量的长度,该长度等于所述杆(2)的直径(d)±所述直径(d)的25%。

Description

用于外固定装置的长形销
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于外固定装置的长形销,其具有单皮质销(monocortical pin)的功能。
现有技术
外固定系统广泛用于治疗骨折和将两个或多个骨碎块连接在一起。已知的系统使用骨螺钉、螺钉和/或金属丝,该骨螺钉、螺钉和/或金属丝插入骨内部并利用外部结构元件(如固定夹具、固定棒或环形棒),以确保使骨碎块保持固定的刚性结构,并由此通过外固定装置或通过内稳定系统(例如髓内(endomedullary)板或钉)能够永久治愈。
在一些类型的治疗中,骨折区中的特殊局部情况可能偶尔阻碍永久固定装置的使用,或骨折可能与其它由于伤害而造成的骨碎块同时存在,该伤害在可使用永久内固定系统之前需要相当长的外科治疗。
此外,在这些情况下,骨折中的一些或所有可利用专门设计用于暂时固定并由此可被认为是暂时性系统的外固定系统进行治疗,例如由本申请人在EP 2,319,436中所描述的。
总之,在治疗结束时以稳定的方式抑制各骨折是非常重要的。
在本技术领域,也存在许多主要用作永久性固定系统的固定系统,用于使骨折能够痊愈,例如由本申请人在EP1,284,666中所描述的系统。
通常,暂时性固定系统更轻更简单,但相比已知的永久性外固定系统也较不稳定。而且,暂时性和永久性外固定系统可能常常在各自夹具的形式和结构方面不同。
总之永久性外固定系统提供高等级的刚性和稳定性,以在治疗过程中控制横向弯曲力和扭转力。
这种刚性和稳定性部分源自固定装置的棒件沿被治疗的骨的纵轴对齐,部分源自系统的固有刚性以及部分源自所用螺钉的数量。
可以使用结合暂时性固定系统的简单及轻质的特征和永久性固定系统的坚固和稳定的特征的外固定装置将是非常令人期望的,该外固定装置尽可能小的损伤骨结构,从而不会对限定的内或外稳定性造成不利的影响,但到目前为止来自已知方案的所有已知方法均没有产生令人满意的结果。
本发明的技术问题在于提供用于外固定装置的长形销,能够确保稳定及坚固地固定骨碎块并尽可能小地影响骨结构,以避免出现随后的感染和稳定性问题,同时使整个系统极轻,并且还确保对于外科医生来说易于应用。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于固定系统的长形销,该长形销可插入骨内,而不需要使用常规的骨螺钉,从而允许紧固作用(gripping action)在具有一定厚度的密质骨的区域中仅被限制于断骨的皮质部分,同时能够确保松质骨中也具有良好的紧固效果。
发明内容
这些目的通过根据本发明权利要求1所述的用于外固定装置的长形销实现。
从属权利要求限定了根据本发明的长形销的优选及特别有利的实施方式。
进一步的特征和优点在本申请参照作为非限制性示例的附图的优选但非唯一的实施方式的以下详细描述中将会更清楚。
附图说明
-图1至3示出了根据本发明的用于外固定装置的长形销的尖端的各种示意图;
-图4示出了长形销的立体图;
-图5示出了根据图4的长形销的平面图;
-图6和7分别示出了根据图4的销的尖端的细节图;
-图8和9示出了根据本发明的优选实施方式的销的尖端具有不同角度的两个销的细节图。
具体实施方式
参照附图,参考标号1总体指示长形销,该长形销包括沿纵轴X延伸的圆柱形长杆2,和具有用于将销1插入骨内的尖端以及外螺纹的锥形端部3。
根据本发明,具有尖端的所述锥形端部3具有沿纵轴X测量的总长度,该总长度等于杆的直径d±所述直径d的20%。优选地,销1的锥形顶端部3的长度等于杆的直径±所述直径的10%的长度,更优选地等于杆的直径±的所述直径的5%长度。
实质上,销的形锥螺纹端部3的长度延伸较小距离,从而使其仅能够插入骨的皮质部分,而不会刺入髓腔。
换言之,长形销1可定义为“单皮质销”。
根据本发明,杆2具有延伸邻近至锥形部分3的圆柱形端部区域4。杆的此圆柱形端部区域具有外螺纹,该外螺纹延伸沿纵轴X测量的长度,该长度等于杆的直径d±所述直径d的25%。
优选地,螺纹圆柱形端部区域4的长度等于杆的直径的长度±所述直径的长度的20%,更优选地等于杆的直径±所述直径的10%的长度。
实质上,杆在与锥形部分3的螺纹连续的端部区域4中具有外螺纹。该螺纹在杆2上邻近锥形部分3的螺纹,使得在松质骨中也能获得良好的紧固效果。
根据本发明的销可定义为具有沿杆部分延伸的螺纹的单皮质销。
与密质骨不同,松质骨不具有足够的强度以允许仅用锥形端稳定,并因此要求较大的紧固体积以确保可与密质骨上的紧固作用比较的必要稳定性。
该稳定性通过完全利用压迫和进入松质骨而不需去除骨材料的单皮质层尖端的轮廓得到。
松质骨被压缩一长度,例如对于钉子或板件的随后应用不是过度侵入。
根据本发明的长形销1的紧固性能足以确保与插在松质骨中的双皮质销相当的稳定性,该双皮质销具有比可以与根据本发明的销联用的螺纹区的长度大5-10毫米的螺纹区的长度。
为保证销的较好穿透,优选地,锥形端部3上的螺纹与杆2的圆柱形端部区域4上的螺纹连续形成;基本上在螺纹顶部没有中断。
杆2的直径根据应用可介于3毫米与6毫米之间。优选地,杆的直径为3毫米、4毫米、5毫米及6毫米。
长形销1的长度可根据特定应用的要求及杆(shank)的尺寸在50毫米至180毫米的范围内变化。
参照附图,销的长度等于115毫米,螺纹锥形端部3的长度等于7毫米,同时具有6毫米的杆的直径d和等于8毫米的杆的螺纹端部区域4的长度。
因此,杆2的端部区域4和锥形部分3的总螺纹等于15毫米。
图5和7中所显示的数值可理解为以毫米为单位。
如所明确地,根据本发明的长形销1由于其较小的直径而具有特别细的外观。
优选地,销1由具有较高弹性模量的不锈钢制成,从而提供给杆2预定的刚度,同时使螺纹锥形端部3具有良好的强度。
螺纹锥形端部3为自钻和自攻(self-tapping)型。
为使能够更好地操作销1,与杆的尖端相对的端部5的轮廓成形成能够与扳手接合或能插入钻孔机内以能够对骨进行钻孔。
为使尖端能够简单及正确地与密质骨接合,螺纹锥形端部3的尖端具有缺口(cutaway)部分,即,如能从图8和9中清楚看到的底切(undercut)6。
实质上,(尖端上的)螺纹的第一部分在尖端上被去除了底切6,使得尖端用作定心冲头,用于前面的数个十分之一毫米。因此将密质骨的较硬(外部的)部分去除,以允许螺纹的接合。
总而言之,本发明的长形销具有:
-杆的螺纹锥形端部3的长度与杆的直径d的比值在0.8与1.2之间变化,优选地在1与1.2之间变化,更优选地等于1;
-杆2的圆柱形螺纹端部区域4的长度与杆的直径d的比值在0.8与1.25之间变化,优选地在1与1.2之间变化,更优选地等于1.1。
由于所示的特定结构,根据本发明的长形销1可固定在密质骨上,而不需进入髓腔,由此降低了感染的风险。
此外,还由于杆2的区域4上的螺纹靠近锥形尖端3,销1能够确保松质骨上也具有良好的紧固效果,即使没有适当厚度的密质骨。
从以上描述可以理解到,根据本发明的长形销能够满足需求并克服本说明书的开始部分中提到的关于现有技术的缺点。
显然,为了满足可能出现的特殊需求,本领域技术人员可对本发明上述内容进行多种修改和变型,这些全都包含在所附权利要求限定的本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.用于外固定装置的长形销(1),该外固定装置用于暂时和/或永久固定应用于治疗骨折和将两个或多个骨碎块相互连接,所述长形销包括沿纵轴(X)延伸的长形圆柱杆(2)和具有用于将所述销(1)插入骨内的尖端和外螺纹的锥形端部(3),所述杆(2)包括邻接所述端部(3)延伸的圆柱形端部区域(4),所述圆柱形端部区域(4)具有外螺纹,其特征在于,具有尖端的所述锥形端部(3)具有一沿所述纵轴(X)测得的总长度,该总长度等于所述杆(2)的直径(d)±所述直径(d)的20%,所述杆(2)的具有所述螺纹的圆柱形端部区域(4)具有一沿所述纵轴(X)测得的长度,该长度等于所述杆(2)的直径(d)±所述直径(d)的25%。
2.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,具有尖端的所述锥形端部(3)延伸一沿所述纵轴测得的总长度,该总长度等于所述杆(2)的直径(d)±所述直径(d)的10%。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的长形销(1),其中,所述杆(2)的所述具有螺纹的锥形端部(3)的长度与所述杆(2)的直径(d)间的比值介于1和1.2之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,所述杆(2)的所述带有螺纹的端部区域(4)的长度与所述杆(2)的直径(d)间的比值介于1和1.25之间。
5.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,所述锥形端部(3)为自钻及自攻式。
6.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,所述锥形端部(3)上的螺纹与所述杆(2)的所述圆柱形端部区域(4)上的螺纹是连续的,而没有中断。
7.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,所述销的所述杆(2)的直径(d)介于3和6毫米之间。
8.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,所述杆(2)包括与具有尖端的所述端部(3)相对的端(5),其成形为使得可以以可拆卸的方式与螺纹工具耦合。
9.如权利要求1所述的长形销(1),其中,所述具有螺纹的锥形端部(3)的尖端具有缺口部分。
CN201580005480.3A 2014-01-24 2015-01-22 用于外固定装置的长形销 Active CN106102616B (zh)

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ITMI2014A000094 2014-01-24
ITMI20140094 2014-01-24
PCT/EP2015/000118 WO2015110266A1 (en) 2014-01-24 2015-01-22 Elongated pin for application of an external fixator

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EP3045126A1 (en) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-20 ORTHOFIX S.r.l. Elongated pin for application of an external fixator

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CN1345206A (zh) * 1999-04-08 2002-04-17 奥叟菲克斯公司 用于外固定器的接骨螺钉
US6537274B1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2003-03-25 Biomet, Inc. Fixation screw, detachable pin, guide, and frame
EP2465454A1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-20 Stryker Trauma SA Fixation clamp with thumbwheel

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US5443464A (en) * 1993-02-16 1995-08-22 Memphis Orthopaedic Design, Inc. External fixator apparatus
JP4351821B2 (ja) 2000-05-26 2009-10-28 オルトフィックス・エッセ・エルレ・エルレ 使い捨ての外部固定器
DE20202049U1 (de) * 2002-02-11 2002-06-13 Werding Gerd Vorrichtung zur externen Fixierung von gebrochenen Knochen
JP3740640B2 (ja) * 2002-04-15 2006-02-01 廣章 野々宮 創外固定器
JP2006101896A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-20 Keisei Ika Kogyo Kk 創外固定器
WO2007138659A1 (ja) * 2006-05-26 2007-12-06 National University Corporation Nagoya University 創外固定器
JP2008245730A (ja) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-16 For S Medical:Kk 創外固定器
US8668725B2 (en) * 2007-07-13 2014-03-11 Southern Spine, Llc Bone screw
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EP2319436B1 (en) 2009-11-06 2013-02-13 ORTHOFIX S.r.l. Clamp for external orthopaedic fixing device
US8409261B2 (en) * 2009-11-20 2013-04-02 T. Hall Griffin Engaging predetermined radial preloads in securing an orthopedic fastener
CA2795819C (en) * 2010-04-27 2018-02-27 Synthes Usa, Llc Bone fixation system including k-wire compression
ES2573282T3 (es) * 2012-07-25 2016-06-07 Orthofix S.R.L. Pasador alargado para un sistema de fijación modular externo para aplicaciones de fijación temporal y/o permanente y sistema de fijación modular externo

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5405347A (en) * 1993-02-12 1995-04-11 Zimmer, Inc. Adjustable connector for external fixation rods
CN1345206A (zh) * 1999-04-08 2002-04-17 奥叟菲克斯公司 用于外固定器的接骨螺钉
US6537274B1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2003-03-25 Biomet, Inc. Fixation screw, detachable pin, guide, and frame
EP2465454A1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-20 Stryker Trauma SA Fixation clamp with thumbwheel

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JP2017503618A (ja) 2017-02-02
WO2015110266A1 (en) 2015-07-30
CN106102616A (zh) 2016-11-09
SA516371550B1 (ar) 2018-12-05
BR112016017232A2 (pt) 2017-08-08
IL246888B (en) 2019-01-31
WO2015110266A8 (en) 2015-10-22
EP3096697B1 (en) 2017-08-09
US20170209176A1 (en) 2017-07-27
US10136921B2 (en) 2018-11-27
JP6553058B2 (ja) 2019-07-31
BR112016017232A8 (pt) 2020-03-31
AU2015208420B2 (en) 2019-04-04
EP3096697A1 (en) 2016-11-30
AU2015208420A1 (en) 2016-08-04
ES2646553T3 (es) 2017-12-14

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