CN106100522A - A kind of combination place towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method - Google Patents
A kind of combination place towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 30
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S2201/00—Prediction; Simulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of combination place towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method, comprise the following steps: 1) calculate when photovoltaic apparatus array towards angle γ change after, in North and South direction with east-west direction on photovoltaic array arranging distance dNS' and dWE'；2) choose m photovoltaic array towards angle γi, calculate m photovoltaic array respectively towards angle γiTime to photovoltaic apparatus number of units Q that should be able to arrangei；And set up photovoltaic array towards angle γiWith photovoltaic apparatus arrangement number of units QiBetween relational model；3) photovoltaic array is calculated towards angle γiSolar radiation quantity H is received the whole year with separate unit photovoltaic apparatussingle(γiRelational model between)；Obtain the solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole yeartotal(γi) and γiBetween relational model；4) by the solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole yeartotal(γi) maximum time, corresponding array is towards angle γiOptimal orientation angle γ as photovoltaic arrayopt；5) the array arrangement scheme of photovoltaic apparatus in photovoltaic place is formed.The method can be arranged towards the array optimization realizing photovoltaic apparatus in conjunction with photovoltaic place.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic plant construction technique field, relate to a kind of combination place towards tracing type photovoltaic array row
Cloth method.
Background technology
During the addressing of power station, part builds place can exist certain deflection angle with direction, due south, traditional in this kind of place
Photovoltaic array arrangement towards many with place towards consistent, such arrangement can reduce the solar radiation that photovoltaic apparatus receives
Amount, reduces the generated energy of photovoltaic plant.Therefore, in conjunction with place towards feature, receive solar radiation quantity the whole year with power station maximum
For the optimization arrangement method of target design tracing type photovoltaic array, the construction to photovoltaic plant has great importance.
Girth in 2013 friend document " girth friend, Yang Zhiyong, Yang Shengming. north slope place photovoltaic power station array line space design
[J]. China power technology .2013,35 (6): 14-17. " in based on traditional array spacing arrangement method, north slope place combine
The factor designs such as direction of building angle, the place gradient, the physical features arrangement method of fixed type photovoltaic equipment.Zhang Chaohui in 2014,
Li Peng et al. document " Zhang Chaohui, Bai Yongxiang, burnt Cui Ping etc. domatic photovoltaic array spacing determines [J]. power science and engineering
.2014, with the achievement in research of girth friend as foundation in 30 (5): 50-55. ", southern domatic upper photovoltaic array arranging distance of having derived
Computational methods, finally establish different latitude, domatic towards and the place of the gradient in the parameter of photovoltaic array arranging distance
Look-up table, instructs photovoltaic plant construction.
On level ground during arrangement photovoltaic apparatus, the arranging distance of array is the peak by front-seat photovoltaic panel and heel row
Difference in height between photovoltaic panel minimum point draws.And domatic upper installation photovoltaic apparatus is different from horizontal plane, front and rear row light underlying surface
The difference in height of plate is with equipment room away from change, and therefore the studies above achievement can not the arranging distance of photovoltaic array on Guidance Levels ground
Design.The big pleasure of Zhao in 2015 document " Zhao great Le, Gong Chunjing, Wang Si equality. fixed type photovoltaic array installation position angle is to generating
The research [J] of amount impact. electric power and energy .2015,36 (5): 666-669 " in, fine strain of millet double at document " Liang Shuan, Hu Xuehao, Zhang Dong
Rosy clouds, Xu Lianfeng. fixed type photovoltaic array based on comprehensive value towards with inclination angle optimization method [J] .2012,36 (20): 39-
43 " array is established in respectively towards the numerical relationship model between angle and other factors and photovoltaic system generated energy, it is proposed that
A kind of for fixed type photovoltaic array apparatus towards Optimization Design.The same year, Tang Yajie document " Tang Yajie, Yuan Longwei,
Zhi Shaofeng. hillside fields photovoltaic plant photovoltaic arrays line space design [J]. Jiangsu electrical engineering .2015,34 (3): 58-60. " middle proposition
Different towards the distance computation formula of domatic upper fixed type photovoltaic array, but these methods are just for fixed type photovoltaic equipment,
And do not consider that place is towards the impact on photovoltaic array arrangement result.
In sum, it is considered to the photovoltaic array arrangement method building place actual landform feature is less, existing achievement in research
Majority proposes for the arrangement of domatic upper fixed type photovoltaic equipment；On horizontal plane, the arrangement design of tracing type photovoltaic array can not
Continue to use the correlation technique in domatic place, therefore, be badly in need of research for tracing type photovoltaic array having towards the reasonable row in place
Cloth method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of combination place towards tracing type photovoltaic
Array arrangement method, the method can realize reasonable, the optimization arrangement of photovoltaic array in conjunction with photovoltaic place towards feature.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, combination place of the present invention towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method include with
Lower step:
1) the array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South direction is set as dNS, the array of photovoltaic apparatus on east-west direction
Arranging distance is dWE, when photovoltaic array is γ towards angle, in North and South direction, the array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus is dNS', east
The array arranging distance of west upwards photovoltaic apparatus is dWE', wherein, described photovoltaic array towards angle γ be photovoltaic array towards
Angle with direction, due south；
2) in the range of [0 °, s], m photovoltaic array is equidistantly chosen towards angle γi, wherein, i=1,2 ..., m, s are
Place is towards angle, and calculating photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiTime place in total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus that can arrangei, build data
Collection (γi,Qi)；And set up photovoltaic array towards angle γiWith total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus of can arrangingiBetween relational model；
3) it is γ when photovoltaic array towards angleiTime, solve photovoltaic array towards angle γiReceive the whole year with separate unit photovoltaic apparatus
Solar radiation quantity Hsingle(γiRelational model between), obtains the solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole yeartotal(γi)
=QiHsingle(γi)；
4) by Htotal(γi) maximum time corresponding photovoltaic array towards angle γiOptimal orientation angle as photovoltaic array
γopt；
5) according to step 4) the photovoltaic array Optimal orientation angle γ that obtainsoptCalculate the array of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South direction
The array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus on formula arranging distance, east-west direction, completes the array of photovoltaic apparatus in photovoltaic place
Arrangement.
Step 1) in, after photovoltaic array changes towards angle γ, the array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South direction
dNS' it is:
The array arranging distance d of photovoltaic apparatus on east-west directionWE' it is:
Step 2) concrete operations be:
S21) setting photovoltaic plant construction place in rectangular configuration, L and W is the length and width that photovoltaic plant builds place,
A, B, C, D be photovoltaic plant build place four angle points, s be photovoltaic plant build place towards angle, at the model of [0 °, s]
Enclose interior equidistantly choose m photovoltaic array towards angle γi, (i=1,2 ..., m)；
S22) build the angle point in place as starting point with photovoltaic plant, draw with photovoltaic battery panel normal vector on the ground
The location boost line that projection line is perpendicular, is being perpendicular to this location boost line on its direction to a D translation, if translation motion
Middle location boost line intersects at E and F, when the length of an a length of photovoltaic apparatus of line segment EF with the limit of tetragon ABCD
Time, stop translation location boost line, then on the basis of E and F, determine the arrangement position of first row's photovoltaic apparatus；
S23) current location boost line is being perpendicular on its direction to a D translation dNS' distance, if now positioning auxiliary
Index contour and tetragon ABCD intersect at a length of d, a length of l of photovoltaic apparatus of E' and F', line segment E'F', right's
Result of calculation rounds, then round the result arrangement number of units as second row photovoltaic apparatus；
S24) step S23 is repeated), calculate remaining each number of units arranging photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging in photovoltaic place successively, until
Till length d of line segment E'F' length l less than or equal to a photovoltaic apparatus, obtaining photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiShi Guangfu
Total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus can arranged in placei；
S25) repeat step S22), S23) and S24), until m photovoltaic array towards angle γiTill all having traveled through,
Obtain data set (γi,Qi), i=1,2 ..., m；
S26) set up photovoltaic array towards angle γiWith total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging in placeiBetween relation mould
Type.
Photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiTime, the solar radiation quantity H of the separate unit photovoltaic apparatus reception whole yearsingle(γi) it is:
Wherein, tsAnd teBeing respectively photovoltaic apparatus and run the beginning and ending time, α, β and φ are respectively sun altitude, solar azimuth
Angle and photovoltaic apparatus mounted angle, N is day sequence, ItotalThe intensity of solar radiation received for separate unit photovoltaic apparatus, α, β and φ are
The function of t.
The method have the advantages that
Combination place of the present invention towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method when concrete operations, first solve choosing
M the photovoltaic array taken is γ towards angleiPhotovoltaic apparatus number of units Q can arranged in Shi Guangfu placei, then calculate photovoltaic array
Towards angle γiSolar radiation quantity H is received the whole year with separate unit photovoltaic apparatussingle(γiRelational model between), thus solve
Each photovoltaic array is towards angle γiThe solar radiation quantity H of the corresponding photo-voltaic power generation station reception whole yeartotal(γi)；At m
Htotal(γi) result data chooses Htotal(γi) maximum time corresponding photovoltaic array towards angle γiAs photovoltaic array
Good towards angle γopt；Then calculating photovoltaic array is γ towards angleoptTime, the North and South direction arranging distance d of photovoltaic arrayNS', east
West is to arranging distance dWE', form the array arrangement of tracing type photovoltaic equipment in photovoltaic place.The present invention passes through simultaneously
Set up photovoltaic array and receive solar radiation quantity the whole year towards the total number of units of photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging in angle and place, separate unit photovoltaic apparatus
Between relational model, and be, with the solar radiation quantity received photovoltaic plant whole year, the optimal court of photovoltaic array that target is obtained to the maximum
To angle, it is possible to ensure that photovoltaic panel makes full use of photovoltaic place on the premise of shade does not blocks, reduce land wastage,
The reception solar radiation quantity of limits, is effectively improved the economic well-being of workers and staff of photovoltaic plant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (a) for there being the photovoltaic place schematic diagram of deflection angle with direction, due south；
Fig. 2 (b) for there being the photovoltaic place schematic diagram of deflection angle with direction, due east；
Fig. 3 (a) be due south, photovoltaic place towards time the east-west direction of photovoltaic equipment array, the arranging distance of North and South direction show
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 (b) be the photovoltaic place anon-normal Southern Dynasties to time the thing of photovoltaic array, north-south arranging distance schematic diagram；
When Fig. 4 (a) is the arrangement of direction, due south, photovoltaic equipment array affects figure towards angle to array arranging distance；
When Fig. 4 (b) is the arrangement of direction, due east, array affects figure towards angle to array arranging distance；
Fig. 5 (a) is the graph of a relation towards angle γ Yu equipment number of units Q of north and south tracing type photovoltaic equipment array；
Fig. 5 (b) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the deflection angle of adjustment place；
Fig. 5 (c) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the width of adjustment place；
Fig. 5 (d) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the length of adjustment place；
Fig. 6 (a) is the graph of a relation towards angle γ Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units Q of oblique uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus array；
Fig. 6 (b) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the deflection angle of adjustment place；
Fig. 6 (c) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the width of adjustment place；
Fig. 6 (d) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the length of adjustment place；
Fig. 7 (a) is the graph of a relation towards angle γ Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units Q of thing tracing type photovoltaic equipment array；
Fig. 7 (b) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the deflection angle of adjustment place；
Fig. 7 (c) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the width of adjustment place；
Fig. 7 (d) is the graph of a relation towards angle Yu photovoltaic apparatus number of units of photovoltaic apparatus array after the length of adjustment place；
Fig. 8 (a) is the simulation result figure of tradition arrangement method；
Fig. 8 (b) is the emulation arrangement result figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail:
With reference to Fig. 1, combination place of the present invention towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method comprise the following steps:
1) the array arranging distance of adjacent photovoltaic equipment in North and South direction is set as dNS, the battle array of photovoltaic apparatus on east-west direction
Row arranging distance dWE, when photovoltaic array towards angle is, the array arranging distance d of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South directionNS', between east and west
The upwards array arranging distance d of photovoltaic apparatusWE'；
Concrete, in photovoltaic place towards in the case of due south or direction, due east, oblique uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus and south
North tracing type photovoltaic equipment typically uses direction, due south to arrange, and thing tracing type photovoltaic equipment uses the arrangement of direction, due east.Fig. 4
(a) be photovoltaic array towards angle γ array pitch affected schematic diagram (arrangement of direction, due south), solid line coordinate in Fig. 4 (a)
The direction, due south of system when representing original state photovoltaic array towards, the due south of dotted line coordinate system ' direction represents the light after adjustment
Photovoltaic array towards；Fig. 4 (b) be photovoltaic apparatus array towards angle γ on array pitch affect schematic diagram (direction, due east arrange
Cloth), wherein, when the direction, due east of solid line coordinate system represents original state photovoltaic array towards, the due east of dotted line coordinate system ' side
To represent adjust after photovoltaic set array towards.
For the photovoltaic apparatus of direction, due south arrangement, change photovoltaic array towards after the γ of angle, photovoltaic array arranging distance
Situation of change such as Fig. 4 (a) shown in, if AO is photovoltaic apparatus photovoltaic panel peak subpoint on the ground and ground glazing
The line of volt equipment center point, due to change photovoltaic array towards before and after the γ of angle, the direction of sunray and photovoltaic panel are
The height of high point is constant, therefore in dotted line coordinate system, on the panel peak of photovoltaic apparatus subpoint on the ground and ground
Size and the direction of the line A'O' of photovoltaic apparatus central point are identical with AO, if dNS、dWEIt is respectively initial light photovoltaic array towards angle
Lower North and South direction and the array arrangement spacing of east-west direction, dNS' it is after photovoltaic array changes towards angle γ, on south ' north ' direction
The arranging distance of photovoltaic array；dWE' represent that photovoltaic array changes towards angle γ after, on east ' west ' direction between the arrangement of photovoltaic array
Away from.
From Fig. 4 (a), dWE=DO, dNS=CO, dWE'=EO, dNS'=BO, γ=μ-θ, then have:
Tiltedly the arranging distance of uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus array is:
The arranging distance of thing tracing type photovoltaic equipment array is:
The arranging distance of north and south tracing type photovoltaic equipment array is:
2) equidistantly choose in the range of [0 °, s] m photovoltaic array towards angle γi, wherein, i=1,2 ..., m, s
For place towards angle, i.e. photovoltaic plant builds the deflection angle in place and direction, due south.Calculating photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiTime,
Total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus can arranged in photovoltaic placei, build data set (γi,Qi), i=1,2 ..., m；Obtain the court of array
Relational model Q=f (γ) between total number of units Q of angle γ and photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging.
Step 2) concrete operations be:
S21) setting photovoltaic plant and build place (Fig. 2 (a)) in rectangular configuration, L and W is the length that photovoltaic plant builds place
And width, A, B, C, D be photovoltaic plant build place four angle points, s be photovoltaic plant build place towards angle, [0 °,
S] in the range of equidistantly choose m photovoltaic array towards angle γi, (i=1,2 ..., m)；
S22) the battery panel normal vector that angle point B has been point-rendering and photovoltaic apparatus in place is built on ground with photovoltaic plant
The location boost line (dotted line in Fig. 2 (a)) that projection line on face is perpendicular, by this location boost line in the direction being perpendicular to it
On translate to the diagonal angle angle point D of a B, if the limit positioning boost line and tetragon ABCD in translation motion intersects at E and F, when
During length l of an a length of photovoltaic apparatus of line segment EF, stop translation location boost line, on the basis of E and F, determine first row
(Fig. 8 (b) upper right corner) is put in the position arrangement of photovoltaic apparatus, and remaining is respectively arranged photovoltaic apparatus unification and starts arrangement from left border；
S23) current location boost line is being perpendicular on its direction to angle point D translation dNS' (Fig. 3 (b)) distance, if
Now location boost line and tetragon ABCD intersect at a length of d, a length of l of photovoltaic apparatus of E' and F', line segment E'F',
WillResult of calculation round numbers, this result is the arrangement number of units of second row photovoltaic apparatus；
S24) step S23 is repeated), calculate remaining number of units respectively arranging photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging successively, until line segment E'F'
Till length d length l less than or equal to a photovoltaic apparatus, photovoltaic plant is added up to build the photovoltaic apparatus can arranged in place total
Number of units, obtaining photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiTotal number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus can arranged in Shi Guangfu placei；
S25) repeat step S22), S23) and S24), until m photovoltaic array towards angle γiTill all having traveled through,
Obtain data set (γi,Qi), i=1,2 ..., m.
S26) set up photovoltaic array towards angle γiWith total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging in placeiBetween relation mould
Type Q=f (γ).
As a example by tracing type photovoltaic power station, north and south, situation 1: photovoltaic plant builds place length and width is respectively L and W,
It is s that photovoltaic plant builds place with direction, due south deflection angle；Situation 2: single change deflection angle s；Situation 3: single change photovoltaic
Power plant construction place width W；Situation 4: single change photovoltaic plant builds place length L, matching point set in the case of these four
(γi,Qi), result is respectively as shown in Fig. 5 (a), 5 (b), 5 (c) and 5 (d), and wherein, i is the integer of 1 to m.Photovoltaic as can be seen here
Substantially meet straight line model Q=k γ+b between number of units Q towards angle γ and photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging of array, utilize minimum
Square law solves the value of parameter k and b.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 be respectively oblique uniaxiality tracking formula and thing tracing type photovoltaic array towards angle
With the curve fitted figure of photovoltaic apparatus number of units of can arranging, the relational model that this two kind equipment is corresponding can also be asked by said method
Take.
3) derivation photovoltaic array towards angle γiSolar radiation quantity H is received the whole year with separate unit photovoltaic apparatussingleBetween
Relational model；Obtain the solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole yeartotal(γi)=QiHsingle(γi)=(k γ+b)
Hsingle(γi)。
Concrete, S31) as a example by the array of thing tracing type photovoltaic equipment is arranged, it is assumed that solar incident angle is θ, single
The intensity of solar radiation that platform photovoltaic apparatus receives is Itotal, research shows that the solar radiation quantity about sun that photovoltaic panel receives enters
Firing angle and the product of radiant intensity, therefore, the instantaneous solar radiation quantity H that photovoltaic apparatus receivestimeFor:
Htime=Itotal·cosθ
Tracing type photovoltaic equipment constantly changes following the tracks of solar incident angle θ t in time during the sun, therefore equipment one day
The solar radiation quantity H of interior receptiondayAs follows, wherein ts、teThe equipment of being respectively runs the beginning and ending time.
The solar radiation quantity H of the separate unit tracing type photovoltaic equipment reception whole yearsingleFor:
According to document " Dou Wei, Xu Honghua, Li Jing. tracing type photovoltaic electricity generation system research [J]. solar energy journal .2007,
28 (2): 169-173. " in, the solar radiation quantity computing formula on any inclined-plane understands, solar incident angle θ and sun altitude α,
Azimuthal angle beta, equipment mounted angle φ and photovoltaic array towards meeting following relational expression between the γ of angle, wherein α, β, φ be about
The function of t.
To sum up can obtain, the solar radiation quantity H of the separate unit tracing type photovoltaic equipment reception whole yearsingle(γi) it is:
Wherein, ItotalRepresent solar radiation overall strength, N represent a day sequence (January 1 be 1,2 days be 2 ... February 1 was 32,
By that analogy).Itotal, α, β computational methods list of references " Jin Xin, Zhang Lanhui, Zhao Chen etc. actinometer under complicated landform
The exploitation of calculation instrument and checking [J]. geospatial information .2014,12 (2): 56-59. ".
Flat uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus does not set mounted angle when installing, but along with photovoltaic panel is to position of sun
Follow the tracks of, just create certain mounted angle φ, according to document " Dai Binghui. the crucial skill of tracing type photovoltaic power station Aided Design
Art research [D]. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology .2014:13. ", thing tracking mode and north and south tracing type photovoltaic equipment are followed the tracks of
During the sun, the span of φ is [-90 °, 90 °] and [5 °, 85 °] respectively.The most flat single shaft photovoltaic apparatus ran
Any time t in journey, the mounted angle φ of thing tracking mode equipment be:
The mounted angle φ of north and south tracking mode equipment is:
Tiltedly the mounted angle φ of uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus immobilizes, circular list of references " road is graceful.
The Parameters Optimal Design [D] of tracing type photovoltaic array. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology .2015:19-28. ".
During it addition, calculate the intensity of sun reflected radiation, it is to be appreciated that the Reflectivity for Growing Season ρ on power plant construction ground, due to light
Overhead utility typically builds the place meagrely-populated in deserted mountain, desert etc., and earth's surface composition is mainly sand or Radix Glycyrrhizae, these regions
Reflectivity for Growing Season ρ typically takes 20%, the most as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Reflectivity for Growing Season ρ
S32) according to step 2) in the array that obtains towards angle γiWith place photovoltaic apparatus total number of units Q of arrangementiBetween pass
Being model Q=f (γ), setting up photovoltaic apparatus array is γ towards angleiTime, the solar radiation quantity of the photovoltaic plant equipment reception whole year
Htotal(γi) it is:
4) H is calculatedtotal(γi), i=1,2 ... m, by photovoltaic array corresponding for wherein maximum towards angle γiAs light
The Optimal orientation angle γ of photovoltaic arrayopt。
5) according to step 4) the photovoltaic array Optimal orientation angle γ that obtainsopt, calculate the array of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South direction
The array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus on formula arranging distance, east-west direction, completes the arrangement of photovoltaic array in photovoltaic place.
Embodiment one
Choose the oblique uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus that arrangement mode is complex, with a length of 106.9 meters, width is for 40.6
In the photovoltaic place of rice and 15 ° of deflection angles of direction, due south existence as a example by the arrangement of photovoltaic apparatus array, the present invention is said
Bright, specific as follows:
1) photovoltaic plant construction is set at Dunhuang (north latitude 40.1 °, east longitude 94.7 °, height above sea level 1.14km), photovoltaic apparatus electricity
The North and South direction greatest length of pond panel is 6.214 meters, and east-west direction greatest length is 5.794 meters, and support away from ground level is
3.728 rice.According to 9 moment of morning winter solstice, front and rear row equipment shade does not block the array row calculating photovoltaic apparatus into condition
Cloth spacing.Referring initially to document " Dai Binghui. the key technology research [D] of tracing type photovoltaic power station Aided Design. Xi'an: Xi'an is built
Build University of Science and Technology .2014:26-31. ", calculate do not change photovoltaic apparatus array towards angle time, on east-west direction and southern and northern
Adjacent photovoltaic array arrangement spacing upwards is respectively 8.4 meters and 20.5 meters, according to following formula obtain photovoltaic apparatus array towards angle
After γ changes 5 °, the photovoltaic array spacing on east-west direction and in North and South direction is respectively 7.6 meters and 22.2 meters.
2) with reference to Fig. 2, it is assumed that L=106.9 rice in Fig. 2, W=40.6 rice, s=15 °, to light in the range of [0 °, 15 °]
Photovoltaic array towards angle γ with 1 ° for step-length value at equal intervals, obtain each photovoltaic apparatus array towards angle γi(i=1 ...,
16) corresponding total number of units Q of arranged photovoltaic apparatusi, such as table 2.
Table 2
Utilize method of least square obtain photovoltaic array towards the relational model between angle γ and equipment number of units Q be Q=f
(γ)=-0.0132 γ+13.1618；
3) that calculate photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiTime, separate unit oblique uniaxiality tracking formula photovoltaic apparatus receives the sun spoke whole year
The amount of penetrating HsingleFor:
The solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole yeartotal(γi) it is:
4) the solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole year is calculatedtotal(γi) maximum time, corresponding photovoltaic array is optimal
Towards angle it is 0 °；
5), during 0 ° of photovoltaic array Optimal orientation angle, corresponding photovoltaic array east-west direction and the arranging distance of North and South direction divide
It it is not 8.4 meters and 20.5 meters.Fig. 8 (a) is the photovoltaic array arrangement result figure that traditional method obtains；Fig. 8 (b) is light in the present invention
The array arrangement result figure of volt equipment.
Contrast experiment
Photovoltaic plant place still selects Dunhuang (north latitude 40.1 °, east longitude 94.7 °, height above sea level 1.14km), photovoltaic panel
North and South direction greatest length is 6.214 meters, and east-west direction greatest length is 5.794 meters, and support is away from ground level 3.728 meters.False
If a length of 106.9 meters of photovoltaic place, width be 40.6 meters, the deflection angle in photovoltaic place and direction, due south is 15 °.At this
In ground during arrangement photovoltaic apparatus, it is consistent with the deflection angle in place, i.e. towards angle that traditional method is normally set up the array of photovoltaic apparatus
Tradition arrangement method in photovoltaic array be also equal to 15 ° towards angle.Tradition arrangement method and the arrangement experimental result of the present invention
Contrast is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
From table 3 it can be seen that the present invention can be effectively improved the solar radiation quantity of the photovoltaic plant reception whole year.The present invention with
Prior art is compared, and the solar radiation rate of increase of the power station reception whole year is 20%；When photovoltaic builds site parameter change, utilize
The solar radiation quantity rate of increase that the present invention calculates has deviation.
Claims (4)
1. one kind combine place towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) the array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South direction is set as dNS, the array arrangement of photovoltaic apparatus on east-west direction
Spacing is dWE, when photovoltaic array is γ towards angle, in North and South direction, the array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus is dNS', between east and west
Upwards the array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus is dWE', wherein, described photovoltaic array towards angle γ be photovoltaic array towards with just
South to angle；
2) in the range of [0 °, s], m photovoltaic array is equidistantly chosen towards angle γi, wherein, i=1,2 ..., m, s are place
Towards angle, calculating photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiTime place in total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus that can arrangei, build data set
(γi,Qi)；And set up photovoltaic array towards angle γiWith total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus of can arrangingiBetween relational model；
3) it is γ when photovoltaic array towards angleiTime, solve photovoltaic array towards angle γiThe sun is received the whole year with separate unit photovoltaic apparatus
Amount of radiation Hsingle(γiRelational model between), obtains the solar radiation quantity H of the photovoltaic plant reception whole yeartotal(γi)=
QiHsingle(γi)；
4) by Htotal(γi) maximum time corresponding photovoltaic array towards angle γiOptimal orientation angle γ as photovoltaic arrayopt；
5) according to step 4) the photovoltaic array Optimal orientation angle γ that obtainsoptCalculate the array row of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South direction
The array arranging distance of photovoltaic apparatus on cloth spacing, east-west direction, completes the array arrangement of photovoltaic apparatus in photovoltaic place.
Combination place the most according to claim 1 towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method, it is characterised in that step
1) in, after photovoltaic array changes towards angle γ, the array arranging distance d of photovoltaic apparatus in North and South directionNS' it is:
The array arranging distance d of photovoltaic apparatus on east-west directionWE' it is:
Combination place the most according to claim 1 towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method, it is characterised in that step
2) concrete operations are:
S21) set photovoltaic plant build place in rectangular configuration, L and W be photovoltaic plant build place length and width, A, B,
C, D be photovoltaic plant build place four angle points, s be photovoltaic plant build place towards angle, in the range of [0 °, s]
Equidistantly choose m photovoltaic array towards angle γi, (i=1,2 ..., m)；
S22) with photovoltaic plant build place angle point as starting point, draw with the projection on the ground of photovoltaic battery panel normal vector
The location boost line that line is perpendicular, is being perpendicular to this location boost line on its direction to a D translation, if fixed in translation motion
Position boost line intersects at E and F with the limit of tetragon ABCD, when the length of an a length of photovoltaic apparatus of line segment EF, stops
Only translation location boost line, then determine the arrangement position of first row's photovoltaic apparatus on the basis of E and F；
S23) current location boost line is being perpendicular on its direction to a D translation dNS' distance, if now positioning boost line
With a length of d that tetragon ABCD intersects at E' and F', line segment E'F', a length of l of photovoltaic apparatus, rightCalculating
Result rounds, then round the result arrangement number of units as second row photovoltaic apparatus；
S24) step S23 is repeated), calculate remaining each number of units arranging photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging in photovoltaic place successively, until line segment
Till length d of E'F' length l less than or equal to a photovoltaic apparatus, obtaining photovoltaic array is γ towards angleiShi Guangfu place
Interior total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus that can arrangei；
S25) repeat step S22), S23) and S24), until m photovoltaic array towards angle γiTill all having traveled through, obtain
Data set (γi,Qi), i=1,2 ..., m；
S26) set up photovoltaic array towards angle γiWith total number of units Q of photovoltaic apparatus of can arranging in placeiBetween relational model.
Combination place the most according to claim 1 towards tracing type photovoltaic array arrangement method, it is characterised in that photovoltaic
Array is γ towards angleiTime, the solar radiation quantity H of the separate unit photovoltaic apparatus reception whole yearsingle(γi) it is:
Wherein, tsAnd teBe respectively photovoltaic apparatus run the beginning and ending time, α, β and φ be respectively sun altitude, solar azimuth and
Photovoltaic apparatus mounted angle, N is day sequence, ItotalThe intensity of solar radiation received for separate unit photovoltaic apparatus, α, β and φ are t's
Function.
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