CN204539044U - Photovoltaic array device - Google Patents
Photovoltaic array device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204539044U CN204539044U CN201520103372.7U CN201520103372U CN204539044U CN 204539044 U CN204539044 U CN 204539044U CN 201520103372 U CN201520103372 U CN 201520103372U CN 204539044 U CN204539044 U CN 204539044U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of photovoltaic array device, comprise the photovoltaic module lining up array, described in line up in the photovoltaic module of array, the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module is θ; In face of in the photovoltaic module of adjacent two rows in front and back of the sun, the spacing of the rear end of front-seat photovoltaic module and the front end of rear row's photovoltaic module is D, and D=Rh; R is minimum distance for sunlight coefficient; H is the difference in height of front-seat photovoltaic module most significant end and rear row's photovoltaic module least significant end.The utility model can improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generation, reduces venue cost.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of new energies, particularly relates to a kind of photovoltaic array device.
Background technology
Along with China's sustainable development is to the continuous increase of clean energy resource demand, photovoltaic array device to Optimization of Energy Structure, promote energy-saving and emission-reduction, to realize sustainable economic development significant.Along with the progress of photovoltaic technology and the decline of photovoltaic generation cost, the developing state of photovoltaic generation industry is good, during increasing photovoltaic plant is being built and prepared all over the world.In the construction of photovoltaic plant, except photovoltaic power generation technology, the place election, mounting means optimized design etc. of photovoltaic plant are also extremely important to the output of light-use and electric energy.
Such as, present photovoltaic array device majority concentrates on mountain region, but because mountain region form is different, the gradient is different, with a varied topography, the construction cost that result in mountain region photovoltaic array device is too high, and the construction period is longer, installed capacity and generating efficiency are restricted all greatly, have had a strong impact on the construction of China's photovoltaic generation in mountain topography.In addition, domatic being exposed to the north of some gable roof, also there is similar problem.
At present, the addressing of photo-voltaic power generation station is unreasonable, Array Design is optimized not, and energy output can be caused to lose and reduce overall power benefit.No matter large-scale ground power station or power station, roof, addressing all wishes that physical features is smooth or domatic towards south orientation sun.But in the actual addressing of photovoltaic plant and planning, north slope place can be run into unavoidably or roofing is that lambdoid building causes a hemidome towards the situation in the north.Therefore, how high efficiency, high yield, utilize site area at low cost, be the problem that this area needs solution badly.
Utility model content
In view of this, main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of photovoltaic array device, to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generation, reduces venue cost.
The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that
A kind of photovoltaic array device, comprises the photovoltaic module lining up array,
Describedly line up in the photovoltaic module of array, the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module is θ;
In face of in the photovoltaic module of adjacent two rows in front and back of the sun, the spacing of the rear end of front-seat photovoltaic module and the front end of rear row's photovoltaic module is D, and D=Rh;
R is minimum distance for sunlight coefficient;
H is the difference in height of front-seat photovoltaic module most significant end and rear row's photovoltaic module least significant end.
Preferably, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged in the horizontal plane:
Described h=lsin θ; Wherein l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described R=cos β/tan α,
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
Preferably, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged on positive north slope smooth location:
Described h=lsin θ+(D+lcos θ) i, wherein i is the gradient coefficient of this positive north slope, and l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described D=(lsin θ+ilcos θ) R/ (1-iR);
Described R=cos β/tan α;
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
Preferably, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged on oblique north slope smooth location:
Described h=lsin θ+(D+lcos θ) i, wherein i is the gradient coefficient of this oblique north slope, and l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described D=(lsin θ+ilcos θ) R/ (1-iR);
Described R=cos (β-β 0)/tan α;
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
The azimuth of described β 0 building belonging to this oblique north slope smooth location;
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
Preferably, if the orientation of building is south by east belonging to described oblique north slope smooth location, then described solar azimuth β determines with the solar hour angle ω of 9; If the orientation of building is south by west belonging to described oblique north slope smooth location, then described solar azimuth β determines with the solar hour angle ω of 15.
Preferably, described δ is the declination angle of winter solstice; And/or described ω is the solar hour angle of 9.
Compared with prior art, the utility model is mainly through being optimized the installing space of the photovoltaic module in photovoltaic array device, according to the difference in height h of minimum distance for sunlight coefficients R and front-seat photovoltaic module most significant end and rear row's photovoltaic module least significant end, determine that the spacing of the rear end of front-seat photovoltaic module and the front end of rear row's photovoltaic module is D in face of in the photovoltaic module of adjacent two rows in front and back of the sun.That determines thus lines up in the photovoltaic module of array, the photovoltaic module of front two rows can be applicable to most building gradient and the mountain region gradient, also be applicable to the installation of most mountain region towards photovoltaic array, the shade shielding rate of each photovoltaic module is significantly reduced, substantially increase the capacity of electricity generation system, save investment and project land used cost, improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tangent plane schematic diagram of photovoltaic array device described in the utility model in the pitch layout of the front and back photovoltaic module of a kind of embodiment in horizontal plane place;
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of front and back photovoltaic module pitch layout described in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the tangent plane schematic diagram of the pitch layout of the front and back photovoltaic module of a kind of embodiment of photovoltaic array device described in the utility model on certain roof north slope smooth location.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the utility model is further described in more detail.
Photovoltaic array device described in the utility model, comprises the photovoltaic module lining up array.But unlike the prior art, photovoltaic module array of the present utility model needs the shade occlusion issue considering forward and backward row, therefore in photovoltaic module described in the utility model, the spacing between each row's photovoltaic module needs special design.
Fig. 1 is the tangent plane schematic diagram of photovoltaic array device described in the utility model in the pitch layout of the front and back photovoltaic module of a kind of embodiment in horizontal plane place; Fig. 2 is the stereogram of front and back photovoltaic module pitch layout described in Fig. 1.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, photovoltaic array device described in the utility model comprises the photovoltaic module lining up array.Describedly line up in the photovoltaic module of array, the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module is θ.No matter the Northern Hemisphere or the Southern Hemisphere, all using the direction in face of solar rays as RELATED APPLICATIONS direction.In the photovoltaic module arranged in face of the front and back arbitrary neighborhood two of the sun, the spacing of the rear end of front-seat photovoltaic module 101 and the front end of rear row's photovoltaic module 102 is D, and D=Rh; Wherein R is minimum distance for sunlight coefficient; H is the difference in height of front-seat photovoltaic module 101 most significant end and rear row's photovoltaic module 102 least significant end.
When described photovoltaic array device is arranged in the horizontal plane:
Described h=lsin θ; Wherein l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described R=cos β/tan α,
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
Certainly, also D=Lcos β can be used; L=h/tan α calculates and determines described D, and wherein L is sunlight ray projection on the ground.Such result is consistent with the result of above-mentioned formula scales, and only reduction formula is different.
In order to reach preferably technique effect, in a preferred embodiment, the utility model needed within the time period of winter solstice 09:00-15:00, and photovoltaic array should not be blocked.Time in the utility model is the local true solar time.Therefore in a preferred embodiment, described δ is the declination angle of winter solstice; And/or described ω is the solar hour angle of 9, can not be blocked like this at winter solstice photovoltaic array (i.e. the abbreviation of photovoltaic module array), so within the whole year, photovoltaic array also can not be blocked.
Introduce the example when Specific construction below:
First sun altitude during calculating winter solstice 09:00 and solar azimuth.
The δ of winter solstice is-23.45 °, and ω during 09:00 is-45 °,
Therefore:
β=arcsin (-0.648/cos α);
The spacing that described α and β substitution formula can be calculated the rear end of described front-seat photovoltaic module and the front end of rear row's photovoltaic module is D, arranges the photovoltaic module spacing of front and rear row according to this space D.
The D that above formula is determined is the level interval of front-seat photovoltaic module rear end and rear row's photovoltaic module front end, and the centre-to-centre spacing D1 of front and rear row photovoltaic module needs to add the projection of assembly chamfer length on ground, i.e. D1=lcos θ+D.
When Specific construction, can also in advance according to minimum distance for sunlight coefficients R=D/h=cos β/tan α; Calculate excellent shadow length L and the minimum distance for sunlight coefficients R of different latitude during 09:00, suppose the wooden stick vertically standing on level ground, the high h1=1m of rod, can obtain the excellent shadow length L of different latitude and the mapping table of minimum distance for sunlight coefficients R during 09:00, shown in the chart be described in table 1 below.By the chart described in table 1, according to the on-site latitude of photovoltaic array device, minimum distance for sunlight coefficients R during this ground 09:00 can be searched rapidly, and estimate the space D of photovoltaic module in photovoltaic array according to formula D=Rh.
Certainly, also can pass through above-mentioned formula β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α) and
come elevation angle and the azimuth of the sun during 09:00 of accurate Calculation somewhere, thus accurately determine the spacing of photovoltaic module in photovoltaic array.
Table 1
Introduce spacing feature when photovoltaic array device described in the utility model is arranged on positive north slope smooth location below.
Described positive north slope smooth location refers to: physical features evenly slowly reduces from south to north, and East and West direction is same contour, is common in the roofing of civil building or the factory building sat in the north facing the south.
Fig. 3 is the tangent plane schematic diagram of the pitch layout of the front and back photovoltaic module of a kind of embodiment of photovoltaic array device described in the utility model on certain roof north slope smooth location.See Fig. 3, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged on positive north slope smooth location:
Described h=lsin θ+(D+lcos θ) i, wherein i is the gradient coefficient of this positive north slope, and l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module; Described gradient coefficient i is difference in height (with respect to the horizontal plane) and the ratio of horizontal range between minimum point and peak of domatic minimum point and peak.
Above-mentioned h is substituted into above-mentioned array pitch computing formula, arranges: D=(lsin θ+ilcos θ) R/ (1-iR);
Described R=cos β/tan α;
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
Similar to the aforementioned embodiment, in order to reach preferably technique effect, in a preferred embodiment, δ described in the present embodiment is the declination angle of winter solstice; And/or described ω is the solar hour angle of 9, can not be blocked like this at winter solstice photovoltaic array (i.e. the abbreviation of photovoltaic module array), so within the whole year, photovoltaic array also can not be blocked.
For building complete building or factory building roof, do not consider to install roofing photovoltaic system during design and construction, therefore, gradient roofing inclination angle is just grid-connected with locality or inconsistent from net photovoltaic system assembly optimum angle of incidence in the future.For place, this kind of roof, south pitched roof is suitable for adopting optimum angle of incidence to install, and north slope is only applicable to photovoltaic module level being installed or small inclination installation, if the north slope gradient is larger, then available area is few, installation component limited amount, even can be not suitable for installation photovoltaic component because support rolled steel dosage is comparatively large.
Introduce spacing feature when photovoltaic array device described in the utility model is arranged on oblique north slope smooth location below.
Described oblique north slope smooth location refers to: building is not towards due south, but by east or to the west, and namely the ridge of roofing is not positive east-west direction, but has certain azimuth.On this oblique north slope smooth location, the spacing of described photovoltaic module needs to be optimized.
In such cases, the spacing of photovoltaic module array, should determine in conjunction with the azimuthal angle beta 0 (namely metope normal and due south are to forming building azimuth) of building belonging to this oblique north slope smooth location and local solar azimuth β.Wherein, if the orientation of building is south by east belonging to described oblique north slope smooth location, then described solar azimuth β determines with the solar hour angle ω of 9; If the orientation of building is south by west belonging to described oblique north slope smooth location, then described solar azimuth β determines with the solar hour angle ω of 15.
On this oblique north slope smooth location, the azimuthal angle beta of photovoltaic module reality ' be:
β′＝β-β0
In conjunction with azimuthal minimum distance for sunlight coefficients R=D/h=cos (β-the β 0)/tan α of building
The space D of the adjacent two row's photovoltaic modulies in front and back are: D=(lsin θ+ilcos θ) R/ (1-iR)
The formula that described R substitutes into described space D is finally obtained:
D＝((lsinθ+ilcosθ)cos(β-β0)/tanα)/(1-icos(β-β0)/tanα)
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
Similar to the aforementioned embodiment, in order to reach preferably technique effect, in a preferred embodiment, δ described in the present embodiment is the declination angle of winter solstice; And/or described ω is the solar hour angle of 9.Certain ω also can be the solar hour angle of arbitrfary point between 9 o'clock to 15 o'clock.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment made, equivalent replacements, improvement etc., all should be included within scope that the utility model protects.
Claims (6)
1. a photovoltaic array device, comprises the photovoltaic module lining up array, it is characterized in that,
Describedly line up in the photovoltaic module of array, the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module is θ;
In face of in the photovoltaic module of adjacent two rows in front and back of the sun, the spacing of the rear end of front-seat photovoltaic module and the front end of rear row's photovoltaic module is D, and D=Rh;
R is minimum distance for sunlight coefficient;
H is the difference in height of front-seat photovoltaic module most significant end and rear row's photovoltaic module least significant end.
2. photovoltaic array device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged in the horizontal plane:
Described h=lsin θ; Wherein l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described R=cos β/tan α,
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
3. photovoltaic array device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged on positive north slope smooth location:
Described h=lsin θ+(D+lcos θ) i, wherein i is the gradient coefficient of this positive north slope, and l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described D=(lsin θ+ilcos θ) R/ (1-iR);
Described R=cos β/tan α;
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
4. photovoltaic array device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described photovoltaic array device is arranged on oblique north slope smooth location:
Described h=lsin θ+(D+lcos θ) i, wherein i is the gradient coefficient of this oblique north slope, and l is the chamfer length of front-seat photovoltaic module;
Described D=(lsin θ+ilcos θ) R/ (1-iR);
Described R=cos (β-β 0)/tan α;
Described β is solar azimuth, β=arcsin (cos δ sin ω/cos α);
The azimuth of described β 0 building belonging to this oblique north slope smooth location;
Described α is sun altitude,
Described
for the on-site latitude of this photovoltaic array device;
Described δ is declination angle;
Described ω is solar hour angle.
5. photovoltaic array device according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
If the orientation of building is south by east belonging to described oblique north slope smooth location, then described solar azimuth β determines with the solar hour angle ω of 9;
If the orientation of building is south by west belonging to described oblique north slope smooth location, then described solar azimuth β determines with the solar hour angle ω of 15.
6. the photovoltaic array device according to any one of claim 2 to 4, is characterized in that,
Described δ is the declination angle of winter solstice;
And/or described ω is the solar hour angle of 9.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201520103372.7U CN204539044U (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2015-02-12 | Photovoltaic array device |
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| CN201520103372.7U CN204539044U (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2015-02-12 | Photovoltaic array device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105260622A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method of calculating photovoltaic power station array spacing based on ArcGIS and aspect value |
| CN105760590A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-13 | 嘉兴国电通新能源科技有限公司 | Roof type photovoltaic array pitch optimizing method based on shadow radiation analysis |
| CN106788157A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 夏巨龙 | A kind of three-dimensional method for arranging of mountain region photovoltaic power station component due south optimum angle of incidence |
| CN108336966A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-07-27 | 苏州中来新能源有限公司 | A kind of two-sided photovoltaic generating system |
| CN112560256A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | System and method for calculating optimal spacing of photovoltaic strings |
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2015
- 2015-02-12 CN CN201520103372.7U patent/CN204539044U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105260622A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method of calculating photovoltaic power station array spacing based on ArcGIS and aspect value |
| CN105760590A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-13 | 嘉兴国电通新能源科技有限公司 | Roof type photovoltaic array pitch optimizing method based on shadow radiation analysis |
| CN105760590B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-11-16 | 嘉兴国电通新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of roof type photovoltaic array spacing optimization method based on shade Emanations Analysis |
| CN106788157A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 夏巨龙 | A kind of three-dimensional method for arranging of mountain region photovoltaic power station component due south optimum angle of incidence |
| CN108336966A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-07-27 | 苏州中来新能源有限公司 | A kind of two-sided photovoltaic generating system |
| CN108336966B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2023-09-26 | 上海中来智慧新能源有限公司 | Double-sided photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN112560256A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | System and method for calculating optimal spacing of photovoltaic strings |
| CN112560256B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-04-07 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | System and method for calculating optimal spacing of photovoltaic strings |
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