CN106099237A - The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator - Google Patents
The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106099237A CN106099237A CN201610715382.5A CN201610715382A CN106099237A CN 106099237 A CN106099237 A CN 106099237A CN 201610715382 A CN201610715382 A CN 201610715382A CN 106099237 A CN106099237 A CN 106099237A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- thing
- flue gas
- processing system
- acid accumulator
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator, including millerator, lead processing system, plastic processing system and exhaust treatment system；Used and scrapped battery is divided into leaded thing and plastics thing by millerator；Lead processing system includes that vacuum distilling segregation apparatus, lead purity detecting device, vibrosieve, heating kettle, pulverizer, desulfurizer, ball mill, melted ingot casting device and lead plaster generate room, plastic processing system includes cleaning device, breaker, melting plant, defecator, shaped device, chiller and prilling granulator, exhaust treatment system includes flue gas cleaner, sack cleaner, flue gas heat-exchange unit and chimney, flue gas heat-exchange unit connects hotair chamber, and hotair chamber is connected with heating kettle.Leaded thing and the plastics thing of waste and old lead acid accumulator are recycled by the present invention, and are processed the waste gas in removal process and utilized, and have higher economic worth and the value of environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste reclaimation field, the environment-protecting comprehensive being specifically related to lead-acid accumulator recycles
System.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of automobile, communication, electric power, railway and communication, automobile is used, motorcycle is used, electric motor car is used,
Railway with, military project, fixing, traction, energy storage with and the demand of uninterrupted power source lead-acid accumulator of meeting an urgent need growing,
Year consumption lead 35～400,000 tons.Lead-acid accumulator just needs to update, along with the growth of new battery requirements, waste and old lead after using a period of time
Acid accumulator quantity the most necessarily increases, and at present, annual generation all kinds of waste and old lead acid accumulators about 5000～60,000,000, weight is about
300000 tons.Waste and old lead acid accumulator, lead skim and lead mud etc. by State Environmental Protection Administration, former State Economic and Trade Commission etc. 4 ministries and commissions list state in
Family's Hazardous Waste List.The most hundreds of family of China's reviver number of the enterprise, but most enterprises small scale, yield only tens tons is extremely
Kiloton, low-level duplicate construction is serious, the recovery of waste and old lead acid accumulator, transports, stores, disposes, processes and processing regenerated deposits
In many problems.
Reviver raw material more than 85% is limited to 2～3 years from scrap battery, scrapping of accumulator in year, therefore waste lead accumulator
It it is the primary raw material of reviver.The lead battery the most indispensable power source such as motor vehicles, boats and ships.Due to burn into
The reasons such as passivation, lead battery i.e. can not be used after employing 24 years again.What China replaced every year from car, ship scraps
Lead battery quantity there are about 300,000, increases with the speed of 7% every year.The most preferably by the useful thing in waste lead storage battery
Matter recycles, and is not only related to protect country's heavy metal resources, also complies with protection environment, and the country developed a circular economy can hold
The strategy and policy of supervention exhibition.The base stock manufacturing lead battery is metallic lead and sulphuric acid.Producing and using lead battery
During, on cell panel, define lead compound by series of chemical, mainly have oxide such as lead oxide, titanium dioxide
Lead and lead salt such as lead sulfate etc..The purpose reclaimed is i.e. that through suitably processing, these metals and metallic compound are re-used as lead product
Product utilize, and in terms of comprehensive statistics, the expense of reviver is only equivalent to 1/3 from primary ore exploitation smelting expense, so having important
Meaning.
Recovery currently for lead-acid accumulator also exists multiple technologies scheme, but existing technical scheme is directly by waste and old
Leaded thing after battery crushing direct plunges into vibrosieve, the leaded thing so obtained possibly together with other metals and impurity, lead
Purity it cannot be guaranteed that, and leaded thing is not carried out careful screening, causes in the lead pig finally reclaimed containing a lot of impurity, shadow
Ring the effect recycled, and the removal process of lead can produce waste gas, if the most treated just discharge, not only pollute the environment,
Even there are the danger that poisonous gas harm is healthy, after waste plastics is melted by existing waste plastics recovery recycling system of processing
All filtering, also lack cleaning step, existing system uses blower fan blowing to make impurity come off under gravity, waste plastics
Return to have foreign material unavoidably, the even harmful substance having, can not blow off easily, the indissoluble impurity in such raw material with
And rubbish all can enter in product.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is in the lead removal process of lead-acid accumulator, the lead pig after recycling
Containing a lot of impurity, the purity of lead it cannot be guaranteed that, for the processing system that plastics discharge waste gas is the most perfect, the object of the invention exists
In the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of offer lead-acid accumulator, reach to improve the purpose of the purity of reviver.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator, including millerator, lead processing system, plastic processing system
And exhaust treatment system；Millerator connects separation liquid case, after broken for used and scrapped battery, utilizes the sink-float separating liquid
Separate, broken thing is divided into leaded thing and plastics thing；Lead processing system includes that vacuum distilling segregation apparatus, lead purity detecting fill
Put, vibrosieve, heating kettle, pulverizer, desulfurizer, ball mill, melted ingot casting device and lead plaster generate room, and vibrosieve includes two
Planting the screen cloth of model, the isolated leaded thing of millerator puts into vacuum distilling segregation apparatus, and vacuum distilling segregation apparatus will
Lead in lead-containing alloy is separated, and by lead purity detecting device, isolated lead is carried out purity detecting, then uses and shake
Lead after detection is divided into the lead granule of three kinds of particle diameters by dynamic sieve, particle diameter maximum for bulky grain, bulky grain is put in heating kettle
Carrying out melted ingot casting, obtain lead pig and lead skim, lead pig directly recycles, and lead skim is ground putting into afterwards lead through ball mill
Cream generates room, generates lead plaster；Particle diameter minimum for little granule, little granule is transported in desulfurizer carry out desulfurization process, so
Rear feeding lead plaster generates room, generates lead plaster；Particle diameter between bulky grain and little granule for middle granule, middle granule is sent into and pulverizes
Machine is ground pulverizing, and is sent to melted ingot casting device after pulverizing；Plastic processing system includes the cleaning device being sequentially connected with, breaks
Crushing device, melting plant, defecator, shaped device, chiller and prilling granulator, melting plant connects and has exhaust-gas treatment
Device, is introduced into cleaning device through millerator isolated plastics thing and cleans, be broken into fritter subsequently into breaker,
Entering back into melting plant and add heat fusing, the waste gas that melting process produces is processed by emission-control equipment, moulding after having melted
Material enters defecator and filters, and enters shaped device and carries out extruded, cool down subsequently into chiller after filtration,
Finally enter prilling granulator and carry out pelletize；Flue gas cleaner that exhaust treatment system includes being sequentially connected with, sack cleaner, flue gas
Heat exchanger and chimney, flue gas heat-exchange unit connects a hotair chamber, and hotair chamber and the heating kettle phase in lead processing system
Connecting, also passed sequentially through flue gas cleaner, sack cleaner and flue gas heat-exchange unit before flue gas enters chimney, flue gas is clean
The Main Function changing device is the noxious substance in absorption flue gas, removes in the flue gas after noxious substance possibly together with part ashes, ash
Dirt, is removed the granule in flue gas by sack cleaner, is then passed through flue gas heat-exchange unit and carries out heat exchange, after reducing temperature
By smoke stack emission, the air carrying out heat exchange through flue gas heat-exchange unit is passed into hotair chamber, quickly increases air themperature, has
It is beneficial to raise the temperature of combustor flame, improves utilization ratio；
Further, described ball mill is planetary ball mill；
Further, the mesh size of described vibrosieve is 3mm and 7mm, generally from the isolated lead of vacuum distilling segregation apparatus
For the granule that size is different, the particle diameter granule more than 7mm can directly carry out melted ingot casting, and particle diameter is more than less than 7mm
It is inefficient that the granule of 3mm directly melts, and needs first to be ground carrying out melted ingot casting again, and the particle diameter granule less than 3mm holds
Easily adhering to some sulfur-bearing things, the reviver after this can cause recovery contains impurity or noxious substance, by particle diameter less than 3mm
Grain input desulfurizer is re-fed into lead plaster and generates in room and make lead plaster after carrying out desulfurization process, therefore the present invention uses the mesh diameter to be
Lead granule is screened by two kinds of screen clothes of 3mm and 7mm.
The present invention compared with prior art, has such advantages as and beneficial effect:
1, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator of the present invention, to lead-acid accumulator broken apart obtain leaded
Thing carries out vacuum distilling separation, isolates other metals in lead-containing alloy, thus obtains the higher lead of purity for reclaiming profit
With, thus improve the purity of reviver, so, the leaded thing in waste and old lead acid accumulator passes through vacuum distilling segregation apparatus,
Again by rational technique and equipment, scrap lead can be converted into the reviver with higher value and economic worth, and
There is the highest social value；
2, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator of the present invention, it is pure that the lead after separating vacuum distilling carries out lead
Degree detection, if being unsatisfactory for purity requirement, then re-starts vacuum distilling and separates, if meeting purity requirement, then by isolated lead
Put into vibrosieve, so, it is ensured that the purity of lead, thus improve the purity of final reviver；
3, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator of the present invention, vibrosieve therein containing two kinds of sizes
Screen cloth, the particle diameter that sifted branches away can affect output efficiency and the quality of last reviver, when the aperture of two-layer screen cloth
When being respectively 3mm, 7mm, it is possible to lead is filtered out the granule of different-grain diameter size, for the granule of different-grain diameter size, use
Different recovery methods, the effect after making the granule of different-grain diameter size reclaim performs to maximum, improves lead and recycle effect
Rate and reviver output capacity；
4, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator of the present invention, uses planetary ball mill to bulky grain through heating
The lead skim produced after still is ground, and the Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) after then grinding puts into lead plaster generation room and makes lead plaster, improves lead and returns
Receive utilization ratio, save production cost；
5, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator of the present invention, heating kettle connects and has flue gas cleaner, pocket type
Cleaner unit, flue gas heat-exchange unit and chimney, it is possible to the waste gas produced in heating process is processed, and the heat in flue gas is passed
It is delivered in hotair chamber recycling, achieving environmental protection and energy saving；
6, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator of the present invention, is arranged specially for the plastics on used and scrapped battery
Plastic processing system, further increases the recovery utilization rate of used and scrapped battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing being further appreciated by the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, and
Do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention block diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and the exemplary embodiment of the present invention and explanation thereof are only used for explaining the present invention, do not make
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
As it is shown in figure 1, the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator, process system including millerator, lead
System, plastic processing system and exhaust treatment system；Millerator connects separation liquid case, after broken for used and scrapped battery,
Utilize the sink-float separating liquid to separate, broken thing is divided into leaded thing and plastics thing；Lead processing system includes that vacuum distilling separates dress
Put, lead purity detecting device, vibrosieve, heating kettle, pulverizer, desulfurizer, ball mill, melted ingot casting device and lead plaster generate
Room, vibrosieve includes the screen cloth of two kinds of models, and the isolated leaded thing of millerator puts into vacuum distilling segregation apparatus, vacuum
Lead in lead-containing alloy is separated by separated device, by lead purity detecting device, isolated lead is carried out purity inspection
Surveying, detect qualified lead and put into vibrosieve, vibrosieve has the screen cloth of two kinds of different pore sizes of 3mm and 7mm, and lead is divided into three kinds of particle diameters
Lead granule, particle diameter is put into more than or equal to the bulky grain of 7mm heating kettle carries out melted ingot casting, obtain lead pig and lead skim,
Lead pig can directly recycle, and lead skim is ground putting into lead plaster afterwards through planetary ball mill and generates room, generates lead plaster；Will
Particle diameter is sent into pulverizer more than or equal to 3mm and the middle granule less than 7mm and is ground pulverizing, and is sent to melted ingot casting after pulverizing
Device；It is transported in desulfurizer carry out desulfurization process by the particle diameter little granule less than 3mm, is then fed into lead plaster and generates room, raw
Become lead plaster；Plastic processing system includes that the cleaning device being sequentially connected with, breaker, melting plant, defecator, molding fill
Put, chiller and prilling granulator, melting plant connects and has emission-control equipment, through millerator isolated plastics thing
It is introduced into cleaning device to clean, is broken into fritter subsequently into breaker, enters back into melting plant and add heat fusing, melting process
The waste gas produced is processed by emission-control equipment, and the plastics after having melted enter defecator and filter, after filtration
Enter shaped device and carry out extruded, cool down subsequently into chiller, finally enter prilling granulator and carry out pelletize；At waste gas
Reason system includes flue gas cleaner, sack cleaner, flue gas heat-exchange unit and the chimney being sequentially connected with, and flue gas heat-exchange unit connects free
Gas heating chamber, and hotair chamber is connected with the heating kettle in lead processing system, leads to the most successively before flue gas enters chimney
Cross flue gas cleaner, sack cleaner and flue gas heat-exchange unit, the Main Function of flue gas cleaner be absorption flue gas in poisonous
Material, is removed in the flue gas after noxious substance possibly together with part ashes, dust, is entered by the granule in flue gas by sack cleaner
Row is removed, and is then passed through flue gas heat-exchange unit and carries out heat exchange, passes through smoke stack emission, change through flue gas heat-exchange unit after reducing temperature
The air of heat is passed into hotair chamber, quickly increases air themperature, is conducive to raising the temperature of combustor flame, improves profit
Use efficiency.
Above-described detailed description of the invention, has been carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect further
Describe in detail, be it should be understood that the detailed description of the invention that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator, it is characterised in that: include that millerator, lead process system
System, plastic processing system and exhaust treatment system；Described millerator connects separation liquid case, and used and scrapped battery is crushed it
After, utilize the sink-float separating liquid to separate, broken thing is divided into leaded thing and plastics thing；Described lead processing system includes vacuum distilling
Segregation apparatus, lead purity detecting device, vibrosieve, heating kettle, pulverizer, desulfurizer, ball mill, melted ingot casting device and lead
Cream generates room, and described vibrosieve includes the screen cloth of two kinds of models, and the isolated leaded thing of described millerator puts into vacuum and steams
Evaporating segregation apparatus, the lead in lead-containing alloy is separated by vacuum distilling segregation apparatus, by lead purity detecting device to separation
The lead gone out carries out purity detecting, then uses vibrosieve that the lead after detection is divided into the lead granule of three kinds of particle diameters, particle diameter maximum
For bulky grain, being put into by bulky grain and carry out melted ingot casting in heating kettle, obtain lead pig and lead skim, lead pig directly recycles, lead
Slag is ground putting into lead plaster afterwards through ball mill and generates room, generates lead plaster；Particle diameter minimum for little granule, by defeated for little granule
Deliver to desulfurizer is carried out desulfurization process, be then fed into lead plaster and generate room, generate lead plaster；Particle diameter bulky grain and little granule it
Between for middle granule, be ground pulverizing by middle granule feeding pulverizer, after pulverizing, be sent to melted ingot casting device；Described plastics
Cleaning device that processing system includes being sequentially connected with, breaker, melting plant, defecator, shaped device, chiller and
Prilling granulator, described melting plant connects and has emission-control equipment, be introduced into clearly through millerator isolated plastics thing
Cleaning device cleans, and is broken into fritter subsequently into breaker, enters back into melting plant and adds heat fusing, and it is useless that melting process produces
Gas is processed by emission-control equipment, and the plastics after having melted enter defecator and filter, and enters molding after filtration
Device carries out extruded, cools down subsequently into chiller, finally enters prilling granulator and carry out pelletize；Described exhaust-gas treatment system
System includes flue gas cleaner, sack cleaner, flue gas heat-exchange unit and the chimney being sequentially connected with, and described flue gas heat-exchange unit connects free
Gas heating chamber, and hotair chamber is connected with the heating kettle in lead processing system.
The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ball
Grinding machine is planetary ball mill.
The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that shake described in:
The mesh size of dynamic sieve is 3mm and 7mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610715382.5A CN106099237A (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610715382.5A CN106099237A (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator |
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| CN106099237A true CN106099237A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
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| CN201610715382.5A Pending CN106099237A (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | The environment-protecting comprehensive recycling system of lead-acid accumulator |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1258753A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2000-07-05 | 过康民 | Production of regenerated lead, red lead and lead nitrate with waste lead-acid accumulator |
| CN1760383A (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2006-04-19 | 上海交通大学 | Vacuum distillation method for separating aluminium element from mixed metals in worn-out printing circuit board |
| CN1941496A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-04 | 恩吉泰克技术股份公司 | System and method for treating lead containing devices |
| CN103794834A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-14 | 襄阳远锐资源工程技术有限公司 | Method for recycling used lead-acid batteries in full circulation mode |
| WO2015077227A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Devices and methods for smelterless recycling of lead acid batteries |
-
2016
- 2016-08-25 CN CN201610715382.5A patent/CN106099237A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1258753A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2000-07-05 | 过康民 | Production of regenerated lead, red lead and lead nitrate with waste lead-acid accumulator |
| CN1941496A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-04 | 恩吉泰克技术股份公司 | System and method for treating lead containing devices |
| CN1760383A (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2006-04-19 | 上海交通大学 | Vacuum distillation method for separating aluminium element from mixed metals in worn-out printing circuit board |
| WO2015077227A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Devices and methods for smelterless recycling of lead acid batteries |
| CN103794834A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-14 | 襄阳远锐资源工程技术有限公司 | Method for recycling used lead-acid batteries in full circulation mode |
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Application publication date: 20161109 |
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