CN112108377A - Processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries - Google Patents
Processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112108377A CN112108377A CN202011056625.1A CN202011056625A CN112108377A CN 112108377 A CN112108377 A CN 112108377A CN 202011056625 A CN202011056625 A CN 202011056625A CN 112108377 A CN112108377 A CN 112108377A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- crushing
- battery waste
- cyclone
- communicated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B2220/00—Type of materials being separated
- B07B2220/04—Batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery recovery processing, in particular to a processing technology for crushing and sorting batteries and processing equipment thereof, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of first vibration transportation, coarse crushing of battery waste, second vibration transportation, first separation of the battery waste, fine crushing of the battery waste, second separation of the battery waste, grinding and crushing of the battery waste, third separation of the battery waste and fourth separation of the battery waste. According to the invention, the black powder is effectively recovered in each stage of crushing process of the battery waste, the recovery rate of the black powder is greatly improved, the attachment rate of the black powder on each component is reduced, meanwhile, by virtue of the physical density difference of each component, the iron-aluminum shell is separated and recovered after coarse crushing, the copper particles are separated and recovered after fine crushing, the copper particles and the aluminum particles are separated and recovered after grinding crushing, and the black powder is subjected to negative pressure recovery in each link, so that the sorting effect is high, and each component with higher purity can be recovered.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of battery recovery processing, and particularly relates to a processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries.
Background art:
the batteries are various, and the common batteries include dry batteries, storage batteries and miniature batteries with small volume. With the strong development trend of new energy automobiles in recent years, the scrapping standard of the power battery serving as the power core of the new energy automobile is that the battery capacity is lower than 80%, which means that the power battery of the new energy automobile needs to be replaced once in 3-5 years. In 2020, the scrappage of the power batteries of pure electric passenger vehicles and hybrid passenger vehicles reaches 17 ten thousand tons, so that the recycling of the waste power batteries becomes the focus of industrial attention.
The present invention discloses a waste battery recovery production method disclosed in the present Chinese invention patent application document (application publication number: CN111112277A), which comprises the following steps: adding materials; a coarse crushing section; conveying after crushing; a feeding section; a crushing section; copper and aluminum sorting; magnetic separation with a steel shell; sorting the positive and negative electrode powder; and (5) tail gas absorption. The discharged waste batteries and pole piece packages are broken up through the procedures of coarse crushing and crushing, and then copper-aluminum separation, steel shell separation and positive and negative electrode powder separation are sequentially carried out, so that the separation of all components is completed. Therefore, in the method, after the waste batteries and the pole piece packages are continuously crushed to be in a scattered state, all the components are uniformly and sequentially sorted, so that the purity of all the sorted components is difficult to guarantee, the fluctuation is high, and copper, aluminum, positive and negative electrode powder (namely black powder, namely nickel-cobalt-manganese powder, which contains metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese and the like) cannot be effectively separated.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a battery crushing and sorting treatment process and treatment equipment thereof, which can sort the battery waste materials step by step and effectively separate black powder, copper particles and aluminum particles and have higher purity.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a treatment process for crushing and sorting batteries comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out vibration transportation for the first time: placing the battery waste after combustion treatment in a vibrating feeder and conveying the battery waste to a coarse crusher forwards, and sucking black powder vibrated out of the battery waste into a cyclone blanking device by negative pressure for recycling in the conveying process;
(2) coarse crushing of battery waste: roughly crushing the battery waste by a rough crusher, wherein the size of the roughly crushed battery waste is 2-3 cm;
(3) and (3) carrying out second vibration transportation: placing the coarsely crushed battery waste in a vibrating feeder and conveying the battery waste to a sorting box, and sucking black powder vibrated out of the battery waste into a cyclone feeder by negative pressure for recycling in the conveying process;
(4) first separation of battery waste: in the separation box, the battery iron-aluminum shell with high specific gravity is separated from a high specific gravity material outlet of the separation box, and the battery waste with low specific gravity enters a fine crusher from a low specific gravity material outlet of the separation box;
(5) fine crushing of battery waste: finely crushing the motor waste by a fine crusher, wherein the size of the finely crushed battery waste is 2-5 mm;
(6) secondary separation of the battery waste: the finely crushed battery waste is placed in a gravity separator, copper particles with large specific gravity are separated from a large specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, the battery waste with small specific gravity enters a pulverizer from a small specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, and meanwhile, black powder which is finely crushed and comes out of the battery waste is sucked into a cyclone discharging device by negative pressure for recycling;
(7) grinding and crushing of battery waste: grinding and crushing the battery waste by a grinding machine, wherein the size of the ground and crushed battery waste is less than or equal to 1 mm;
(8) third separation of battery waste: in the classifier, the black powder with fine size is sucked into a cyclone blanking device from a fine powder discharge port of the classifier to be recycled, and the battery waste with coarse size enters a gravity separator from a coarse powder discharge port of the classifier;
(9) fourth separation of battery waste: in the gravity separator, copper particles with large specific gravity are separated from a large specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, aluminum particles with small specific gravity are separated from a small specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, and meanwhile, trace black powder is sucked into a cyclone discharging device by negative pressure to be recovered.
Meanwhile, the battery crushing and sorting processing equipment comprises a first vibrating feeder for conveying the battery waste subjected to combustion processing forwards and a coarse crusher with a feeding port corresponding to the discharging end of the first vibrating feeder, wherein the discharging port of the coarse crusher corresponds to the feeding end of a second vibrating feeder, the discharging end of the second vibrating feeder corresponds to the feeding port of a sorting box, a large-specific gravity material outlet of the sorting box is a discharge channel of a battery iron-aluminum shell, a small-specific gravity material outlet of the sorting box is communicated with the feeding port of a fine crusher, a discharging port of the fine crusher is communicated with the feeding port of a first gravity sorting machine, a small-specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity sorting machine is communicated with the feeding port of a flour mill, a discharging port of the flour mill is communicated with the feeding port of the grading machine, a coarse powder discharging port of the grading machine is communicated with the feeding port of the second gravity sorting machine, The fine powder discharge port is communicated with an air inlet of the first cyclone discharger, dust removing ports of the first vibrating feeder, the second vibrating feeder, the first gravity separator and the second gravity separator are communicated with an air inlet of the second cyclone discharger, dust discharging ports of the first cyclone discharger and the second cyclone discharger are black powder discharging channels, large-specific-gravity material outlets of the first gravity separator and the second gravity separator are copper particle discharging channels, and small-specific-gravity material outlets of the second gravity separator are aluminum particle discharging channels.
In the crushing treatment facility of sorting of foretell battery, the air inlet intercommunication of glassware under the discharge gate of separation box and the third whirlwind, the dust exhaust mouth of glassware and the feed inlet intercommunication of thin breaker under the third whirlwind, the discharge gate of thin breaker and the air inlet intercommunication of glassware under the fourth whirlwind, the dust exhaust mouth of glassware and the feed inlet intercommunication of first gravity separator under the fourth whirlwind, the air inlet intercommunication of glassware under the small proportion material export of first gravity separator and the fifth whirlwind, the dust exhaust mouth of glassware and the feed inlet intercommunication of milling machine under the fifth whirlwind.
In the processing equipment that the broken sorting of foretell battery, from last vibrating layer and the lower vibrating layer of setting up down in the second vibratory feeder, the feed end and the discharge end of second vibratory feeder all set up on last vibrating layer, are provided with the screen cloth between last vibrating layer and the lower vibrating layer, and go up vibrating layer and lower vibrating layer all with the air inlet intercommunication of glassware under the second whirlwind.
In the above processing equipment for battery crushing and sorting, the exhaust ports of the third cyclone blanking device, the fourth cyclone blanking device and the fifth cyclone blanking device are all communicated with the air inlet of the second cyclone blanking device.
In the processing equipment for crushing and sorting the batteries, the air outlet of the first cyclone discharging device is communicated with the air inlet of the first pulse dust collector, the air outlet of the first pulse dust collector is communicated with the air inlet of the first fan, and the air outlet of the first fan is communicated with an external chimney.
In the processing equipment for crushing and sorting the batteries, the air outlet of the second cyclone blanking device is communicated with the air inlet of the second pulse dust collector, the air outlet of the second pulse dust collector is communicated with the air inlet of the second fan, and the air outlet of the second fan is communicated with an external chimney.
In the above-mentioned battery crushing and sorting processing equipment, an activated carbon filter is arranged between the air outlet of the second pulse dust collector and the air inlet of the second fan.
In the above-mentioned battery crushing and sorting processing equipment, the coarse crusher and the fine crusher are hammer crushers.
In the processing equipment that the broken of foretell battery was selected separately, be provided with crushing chamber in the milling machine, the feed inlet and the discharge gate of milling machine all with smash the chamber intercommunication and be provided with screw conveyer in the feed inlet of milling machine, smash the intracavity and be provided with stationary knife and circumferential direction move the sword, be located the discharge gate of milling machine and stationary knife and move the crushing intracavity between the sword and be provided with circumferential direction's hierarchical impeller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:
the method effectively recovers the black powder in each stage of crushing process of the battery waste, greatly improves the recovery rate of the black powder, reduces the attachment rate of the black powder on each component, simultaneously separates and recovers the iron-aluminum shell after the coarse crushing of the coarse crusher, separates and recovers the copper particles after the fine crushing of the fine crusher, separates and recovers the copper particles and the aluminum particles after the grinding crushing of the pulverizer by virtue of the physical density difference of each component, recovers the black powder under negative pressure in each link, has high separation effect, and can recover and obtain each component with higher purity.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a battery crushing and sorting process apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first vibratory feeder; 2. a coarse crusher; 3. a second vibratory feeder; 4. a sorting box; 5. a fine crusher; 6. a first gravity separator; 7. a pulverizer; 8. a classifier; 9. a second gravity separator; 10. a first cyclone blanking device; 11. a second cyclone blanking device; 12. a third cyclone blanking device; 13. a fourth cyclone blanking device; 14. a fifth cyclone blanking device; 15. a first pulse dust collector; 16. a first fan; 17. a second pulse dust collector; 18. a second fan; 19. an activated carbon filter; 20. a chain scraper conveyor.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will now be further described by way of specific examples, with reference to FIGS. 1-2:
in the present invention, the battery waste after the combustion treatment is free of separator paper.
A treatment process for crushing and sorting batteries comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out vibration transportation for the first time: placing the battery waste after combustion treatment in a vibrating feeder and conveying the battery waste to a coarse crusher forwards, and sucking black powder vibrated out of the battery waste into a cyclone blanking device by negative pressure for recycling in the conveying process;
(2) coarse crushing of battery waste: roughly crushing the battery waste by a rough crusher, wherein the size of the roughly crushed battery waste is 2-3 cm;
(3) and (3) carrying out second vibration transportation: placing the coarsely crushed battery waste in a vibrating feeder and conveying the battery waste to a sorting box, and sucking black powder vibrated out of the battery waste into a cyclone feeder by negative pressure for recycling in the conveying process;
(4) first separation of battery waste: in the separation box, the battery iron-aluminum shell with high specific gravity is separated from a high specific gravity material outlet of the separation box, and the battery waste with low specific gravity enters a fine crusher from a low specific gravity material outlet of the separation box;
(5) fine crushing of battery waste: finely crushing the motor waste by a fine crusher, wherein the size of the finely crushed battery waste is 2-5 mm;
(6) secondary separation of the battery waste: the finely crushed battery waste is placed in a gravity separator, copper particles with large specific gravity are separated from a large specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, the battery waste with small specific gravity enters a pulverizer from a small specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, and meanwhile, black powder which is finely crushed and comes out of the battery waste is sucked into a cyclone discharging device by negative pressure for recycling;
(7) grinding and crushing of battery waste: grinding and crushing the battery waste by a grinding machine, wherein the size of the ground and crushed battery waste is less than or equal to 1 mm;
(8) third separation of battery waste: in the classifier, the black powder with fine size is sucked into a cyclone blanking device from a fine powder discharge port of the classifier to be recycled, and the battery waste with coarse size enters a gravity separator from a coarse powder discharge port of the classifier;
(9) fourth separation of battery waste: in the gravity separator, copper particles with large specific gravity are separated from a large specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, aluminum particles with small specific gravity are separated from a small specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, and meanwhile, trace black powder is sucked into a cyclone discharging device by negative pressure to be recovered.
And in the embodiment, a processing device for crushing and sorting batteries is provided, which can take part in figures 1 and 2 of the attached drawings, and an operator can place the battery waste after combustion processing at the feeding end of the chain-link conveyor 20, and the battery waste after combustion processing is transported to the discharging end of the chain-link conveyor 20 and falls onto the first vibrating feeder 1. Meanwhile, the device comprises a first vibrating feeder 1 for conveying the battery waste subjected to combustion treatment forwards and a coarse crusher 2 with a feed inlet corresponding to the discharge end of the first vibrating feeder 1, wherein the discharge outlet of the coarse crusher 2 corresponds to the feed end of a second vibrating feeder 3, the discharge end of the second vibrating feeder 3 corresponds to the feed inlet of a separation box 4, the large-specific gravity material outlet of the separation box 4 is a discharge channel of a battery iron-aluminum shell, the small-specific gravity material outlet is communicated with the feed inlet of a fine crusher 5, the discharge outlet of the fine crusher 5 is communicated with the feed inlet of a first gravity separator 6, the small-specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6 is communicated with the feed inlet of a pulverizer 7, the discharge outlet of the pulverizer 7 is communicated with the feed inlet of the classifier 8, the coarse powder discharge outlet of the classifier 8 is communicated with the feed inlet of a second gravity separator 9, The fine powder discharge port is communicated with an air inlet of a first cyclone feeder 10, dust removing ports of the first vibrating feeder 1, the second vibrating feeder 3, the first gravity separator 6 and the second gravity separator 9 are communicated with an air inlet of a second cyclone feeder 11, dust discharging ports of the first cyclone feeder 10 and the second cyclone feeder 11 are both black powder discharge channels, large-specific-gravity material outlets of the first gravity separator 6 and the second gravity separator 9 are both copper particle discharge channels, and small-specific-gravity material outlets of the second gravity separator 9 are aluminum particle discharge channels.
The battery waste is in a negative pressure state in the first vibrating feeder 1, the second vibrating feeder 3, the first gravity separator 6 and the second gravity separator 9 by the aid of the second cyclone discharger 11, a large amount of black powder is separated from the battery waste after the battery waste is subjected to crushing treatment by the coarse crusher 2 and the fine crusher 5, meanwhile, part of the black powder is vibrated out of the battery waste in the process of transporting the battery waste by the vibrating feeders, and the black powder can be effectively sucked into the second cyclone discharger 11 to be recycled under the action of negative pressure.
Further, in this embodiment, be provided with the wind channel in sorting box 4, the last port in wind channel is sorting box 4's little proportion material export, the port is sorting box 4's big proportion material export down, and there is from lower and last sorting air current in the wind channel, battery waste material of transporting from second vibrating feeder 3 gets into the wind channel in sorting box 4 after, the material that lighter among the battery waste material can be blown off little proportion material export under sorting air current's effect, and heavier battery iron and aluminum shell then can fall out from big proportion material export under the effect of gravity among the battery waste material, and then realize the separation to battery iron and aluminum shell. Meanwhile, the upper discharge port of the sorting box 4 is communicated with the air inlet of the third cyclone discharger 12, and the dust discharge port of the third cyclone discharger 12 is communicated with the feed port of the fine crusher 5, that is, in this embodiment, the air flow generated by the third cyclone discharger 12 is used as the sorting air flow in the sorting box 4.
In addition, considering that the battery waste is changed into fine battery waste through the crushing processing of the fine crusher 5, in order to avoid the battery waste from being extruded and blocked in the discharge port of the fine crusher 5, the discharge port of the fine crusher 5 is communicated with the air inlet of the fourth cyclone discharger 13, and the dust discharge port of the fourth cyclone discharger 13 is communicated with the feed port of the first gravity separator 6, that is, the discharge port of the fine crusher 5 is enabled to form negative pressure by the fourth cyclone discharger 13, so that the battery waste can be directly sucked away by the fourth cyclone discharger 13 at the discharge port of the fine crusher 5.
In addition, in the first gravity separator 6, the copper particles with higher specific gravity in the battery waste are separated from the large specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6, and the battery waste with lower specific gravity is easily extruded at the small specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6, so that the small specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6 is communicated with the air inlet of the fifth cyclone discharger 14, the dust discharge port of the fifth cyclone discharger 14 is communicated with the feed port of the mill 7, that is, the small specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6 is formed with negative pressure by the fifth cyclone discharger 14, so that the battery waste with lower specific gravity can be directly sucked away by the fifth cyclone discharger 14 at the small specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, an upper vibrating layer and a lower vibrating layer are arranged in the second vibrating feeder 3 from top to bottom, the feeding end and the discharging end of the second vibrating feeder 3 are both arranged on the upper vibrating layer, a screen is arranged between the upper vibrating layer and the lower vibrating layer, and the upper vibrating layer and the lower vibrating layer are both communicated with the air inlet of the second cyclone discharging device 11. When the battery waste is conveyed forwards in the upper vibration layer of the second vibration feeder 3, part of black powder in the battery waste drops, and part of the dropped black powder enters the lower vibration layer through the screen and is finally sucked away by the second cyclone discharger 11.
Further, in order to prevent part of the black powder from being discharged from the exhaust port of the cyclone discharger and thus being unrecoverable, the exhaust ports of the third cyclone discharger 12, the fourth cyclone discharger 13, and the fifth cyclone discharger 14 are all communicated with the intake port of the second cyclone discharger 11.
In addition, similarly, in order to avoid that the black powder cannot be recovered because the black powder is discharged from the exhaust port of the first cyclone discharger 10, the exhaust port of the first cyclone discharger 10 is communicated with the air inlet of the first pulse dust collector 15, the air outlet of the first pulse dust collector 15 is communicated with the air inlet of the first fan 16, and the air outlet of the first fan 16 is communicated with an external chimney. Wherein, a cloth bag is arranged in the first pulse dust collector 15, the black powder can be separated by the cloth bag after the air flow and part of the black powder discharged from the exhaust port of the first cyclone discharger 10 enter the cloth bag, and the filtered air flow is discharged through an external chimney.
Further, similarly to the above, in order to avoid that the black powder is discharged from the exhaust port of the second cyclone discharger 11 and cannot be recycled, the exhaust port of the second cyclone discharger 11 is communicated with the air inlet of the second pulse dust collector 17, the air outlet of the second pulse dust collector 17 is communicated with the air inlet of the second fan 18, and the air outlet of the second fan 18 is communicated with an external chimney. And, the second pulse dust collector 17 is also provided with a cloth bag, the black powder can be separated by the cloth bag after the air current and part of the black powder discharged from the exhaust port of the second cyclone discharger 11 enter the cloth bag, and the filtered air current is discharged through an external chimney.
Besides, in order to avoid the influence of the gas directly discharged to the outside on the environment, an activated carbon filter 19 is arranged between the gas outlet of the second pulse dust collector 17 and the air inlet of the second fan 18.
Further, in the present embodiment, the coarse crusher 2 and the fine crusher 5 are hammer crushers.
And the specific structure that milling machine 7 adopted does: be provided with crushing chamber in the milling machine 7, the feed inlet and the discharge gate of milling machine 7 all with smash the chamber intercommunication, and be provided with screw conveyer in the feed inlet of milling machine 7, smash the intracavity and be provided with stationary knife and circumferential direction move the sword, be located the discharge gate of milling machine 7 and stationary knife and move the crushing intracavity between the sword and be provided with circumferential direction's hierarchical impeller. Namely, the battery waste is crushed and ground into small particles through the relative movement of the movable knife and the fixed knife, and the rotation of the grading impeller can effectively prevent the battery waste particles with the size larger than 1mm from entering the grader 8.
In this embodiment, the specific workflow of the processing equipment for battery crushing and sorting is as follows:
firstly, the battery waste material after the combustion treatment is placed at the feeding end of the chain conveyor 20, and the battery waste material after the combustion treatment is transported to the discharging end of the chain conveyor 20 and falls onto the first vibrating feeder 1.
Secondly, the battery waste is conveyed forwards in the first vibrating feeder 1, and in the conveying process, partial black powder vibrated out of the battery waste is sucked into a second cyclone discharger 11 from a dust removal port of the second cyclone discharger under negative pressure;
thirdly, the first vibrating feeder 1 conveys the battery waste into a coarse crusher 2 for coarse crushing to form the battery waste with the size of 2-3cm, and the battery waste falls into a second vibrating feeder 3;
fourthly, the second vibrating feeder 3 forwards conveys the battery waste, and in the conveying process, partial black powder vibrated out of the battery waste and the black powder separated by coarse crushing are sucked into the second cyclone discharger 11 from a dust removal port of the second cyclone discharger under negative pressure;
fifthly, the battery waste is conveyed into the separation box 4 by the second vibrating feeder 3, the battery iron-aluminum shell with large specific gravity is separated out from the large specific gravity material outlet of the separation box 4 under the action of gravity, and the battery waste with small specific gravity is sucked into the third cyclone blanking device 12;
sixthly, the battery waste enters the fine crusher 5 from a dust discharge port of the third cyclone discharger 12, and a small part of black powder is sucked into the second cyclone discharger 11 from an exhaust port of the third cyclone discharger 12;
seventhly, finely crushing the battery waste by using a fine crusher 5 to form the battery waste with the size of 2-5mm, and sucking the battery waste into a fourth cyclone blanking device 13;
eighthly, battery waste enters the first gravity separator 6 from a dust discharge port of the fourth cyclone discharger 13, and a small part of black powder is sucked into the second cyclone discharger 11 from an exhaust port of the fourth cyclone discharger 13;
nine, the copper particles with larger specific gravity are separated from the large specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6, while the battery waste with small specific gravity is sucked into the fifth cyclone downer 14 at the small specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator 6, and a small part of black powder is sucked into the second cyclone downer 11 from the dust removal port of the first gravity separator 6 under negative pressure;
the battery waste enters the pulverizer 7 from the dust discharge port of the fifth cyclone discharger 14, and a small part of black powder is sucked into the second cyclone discharger 11 from the exhaust port of the fifth cyclone discharger 14;
eleven, the pulverizer 7 pulverizes the battery waste to form battery waste with the size less than or equal to 1mm, and the battery waste is sucked into the classifier 8;
twelve, most black powder is sucked into the first cyclone blanking device 10 from the fine powder discharge port of the classifier 8 and is recovered at the dust exhaust port of the first cyclone blanking device 10, and the rest battery waste enters the second gravity separator 9 from the coarse powder discharge port of the classifier 8;
thirteen copper particles with larger specific gravity are separated from the outlet of the material with large specific gravity of the second gravity separator 9, aluminum particles with smaller specific gravity are separated from the outlet of the material with small specific gravity of the second gravity separator 9, and simultaneously, a very small amount of black powder exists and is sucked into the second cyclone blanking device 11 from the dust removing port of the first gravity separator 6 under negative pressure.
The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The battery crushing and sorting treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) carrying out vibration transportation for the first time: placing the battery waste after combustion treatment in a vibrating feeder and conveying the battery waste to a coarse crusher forwards, and sucking black powder vibrated out of the battery waste into a cyclone blanking device by negative pressure for recycling in the conveying process;
(2) coarse crushing of battery waste: roughly crushing the battery waste by a rough crusher, wherein the size of the roughly crushed battery waste is 2-3 cm;
(3) and (3) carrying out second vibration transportation: placing the coarsely crushed battery waste in a vibrating feeder and conveying the battery waste to a sorting box, and sucking black powder vibrated out of the battery waste into a cyclone feeder by negative pressure for recycling in the conveying process;
(4) first separation of battery waste: in the separation box, the battery iron-aluminum shell with high specific gravity is separated from a high specific gravity material outlet of the separation box, and the battery waste with low specific gravity enters a fine crusher from a low specific gravity material outlet of the separation box;
(5) fine crushing of battery waste: finely crushing the motor waste by a fine crusher, wherein the size of the finely crushed battery waste is 2-5 mm;
(6) secondary separation of the battery waste: the finely crushed battery waste is placed in a gravity separator, copper particles with large specific gravity are separated from a large specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, the battery waste with small specific gravity enters a pulverizer from a small specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, and meanwhile, black powder which is finely crushed and comes out of the battery waste is sucked into a cyclone discharging device by negative pressure for recycling;
(7) grinding and crushing of battery waste: grinding and crushing the battery waste by a grinding machine, wherein the size of the ground and crushed battery waste is less than or equal to 1 mm;
(8) third separation of battery waste: in the classifier, the black powder with fine size is sucked into a cyclone blanking device from a fine powder discharge port of the classifier to be recycled, and the battery waste with coarse size enters a gravity separator from a coarse powder discharge port of the classifier;
(9) fourth separation of battery waste: in the gravity separator, copper particles with large specific gravity are separated from a large specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, aluminum particles with small specific gravity are separated from a small specific gravity material outlet of the gravity separator, and meanwhile, trace black powder is sucked into a cyclone discharging device by negative pressure to be recovered.
2. The utility model provides a battery crushing and sorting's treatment facility which characterized in that: comprises a first vibrating feeder (1) used for conveying the battery waste after combustion treatment forwards and a coarse crusher (2) with a feed inlet corresponding to the discharge end of the first vibrating feeder (1), wherein the discharge outlet of the coarse crusher (2) corresponds to the feed end of a second vibrating feeder (3), the discharge end of the second vibrating feeder (3) corresponds to the feed inlet of a separation box (4), the large-specific gravity material outlet of the separation box (4) is a discharge channel of a battery iron-aluminum shell, the small-specific gravity material outlet is communicated with the feed inlet of a fine crusher (5), the discharge outlet of the fine crusher (5) is communicated with the feed inlet of a first gravity separator (6), the small-specific gravity material outlet of the first gravity separator (6) is communicated with the feed inlet of a flour mill (7), the discharge outlet of the flour mill (7) is communicated with the feed inlet of a classifier (8), the coarse powder discharge port of the classifier (8) is communicated with the feed port of the second gravity separator (9), the fine powder discharge port is communicated with the air inlet of the first cyclone blanking device (10), the dust removing ports of the first vibrating feeder (1), the second vibrating feeder (3), the first gravity separator (6) and the second gravity separator (9) are communicated with the air inlet of the second cyclone blanking device (11), the dust removing ports of the first cyclone blanking device (10) and the second cyclone blanking device (11) are discharge channels of black powder, the large-specific-gravity material outlets of the first gravity separator (6) and the second gravity separator (9) are discharge channels of copper particles, and the small-specific-gravity material outlet of the second gravity separator (9) is a discharge channel of aluminum particles.
3. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the feed inlet intercommunication of glassware (12) under the top discharge mouth of separation box (4) and the third whirlwind, the row's dirt mouth of glassware (12) and the feed inlet intercommunication of fine breaker (5) under the third whirlwind, the discharge gate of fine breaker (5) and the air inlet intercommunication of glassware (13) under the fourth whirlwind, the row's dirt mouth of glassware (13) and the feed inlet intercommunication of first gravity separator (6) under the fourth whirlwind, the export of the little proportion material of first gravity separator (6) and the air inlet intercommunication of glassware (14) under the fifth whirlwind, the row's dirt mouth of glassware (14) and the feed inlet intercommunication of milling machine (7) under the fifth whirlwind.
4. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: an upper vibrating layer and a lower vibrating layer are arranged in the second vibrating feeder (3) from top to bottom, the feeding end and the discharging end of the second vibrating feeder (3) are both arranged on the upper vibrating layer, a screen is arranged between the upper vibrating layer and the lower vibrating layer, and the upper vibrating layer and the lower vibrating layer are both communicated with an air inlet of the second cyclone feeder (11).
5. A battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: and the exhaust ports of the third cyclone blanking device (12), the fourth cyclone blanking device (13) and the fifth cyclone blanking device (14) are communicated with the air inlet of the second cyclone blanking device (11).
6. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the exhaust port of the first cyclone feeder (10) is communicated with the air inlet of a first pulse dust collector (15), the air outlet of the first pulse dust collector (15) is communicated with the air inlet of a first fan (16), and the air outlet of the first fan (16) is communicated with an external chimney.
7. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 2 or 5, wherein: the air outlet of the second cyclone feeder (11) is communicated with the air inlet of a second pulse dust collector (17), the air outlet of the second pulse dust collector (17) is communicated with the air inlet of a second fan (18), and the air outlet of the second fan (18) is communicated with an external chimney.
8. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: an active carbon filter (19) is arranged between the air outlet of the second pulse dust collector (17) and the air inlet of the second fan (18).
9. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the coarse crusher (2) and the fine crusher (5) are hammer crushers.
10. The battery crushing and sorting processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: be provided with crushing chamber in milling machine (7), the feed inlet and the discharge gate of milling machine (7) all with smash the chamber intercommunication, and be provided with screw conveyer in the feed inlet of milling machine (7), smash the intracavity and be provided with stationary knife and circumferential direction move the sword, be located the discharge gate of milling machine (7) and stationary knife and move the crushing intracavity between the sword and be provided with circumferential direction's hierarchical impeller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011056625.1A CN112108377A (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011056625.1A CN112108377A (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112108377A true CN112108377A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
Family
ID=73797978
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011056625.1A Pending CN112108377A (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112108377A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113145614A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-23 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | System and method for treating and recycling waste dry battery pole pieces |
| CN115301701A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-08 | 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 | Waste lithium battery crushing and sorting process |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1177011A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-23 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | Recovery of valuables from waste battery |
| CN101353441A (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2009-01-28 | 湖南万容科技有限公司 | Method and apparatus for modifying waste printed circuit board composite non-metal powder |
| CN109604024A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-04-12 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | Used Li ion cell crushing-separating apparatus and method |
| CN109985713A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of black powder in old and useless battery |
| CN109985714A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of black powder and copper aluminium in old and useless battery |
| CN110496689A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-26 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | A kind of system for old and useless battery material recovery |
| CN213435719U (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-06-15 | 美新源环保产业有限公司 | Processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries |
-
2020
- 2020-09-29 CN CN202011056625.1A patent/CN112108377A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1177011A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-23 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | Recovery of valuables from waste battery |
| CN101353441A (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2009-01-28 | 湖南万容科技有限公司 | Method and apparatus for modifying waste printed circuit board composite non-metal powder |
| CN109604024A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-04-12 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | Used Li ion cell crushing-separating apparatus and method |
| CN109985713A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of black powder in old and useless battery |
| CN109985714A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of black powder and copper aluminium in old and useless battery |
| CN110496689A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-26 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | A kind of system for old and useless battery material recovery |
| CN213435719U (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-06-15 | 美新源环保产业有限公司 | Processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张裕中: "《食品加工技术装备》", 中国轻工业出版社, pages: 48 - 51 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113145614A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-23 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | System and method for treating and recycling waste dry battery pole pieces |
| CN115301701A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-08 | 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 | Waste lithium battery crushing and sorting process |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108615956B (en) | Discharge power lithium battery recovery process | |
| CN102569940B (en) | Method for recycling negative electrode material of waste lithium ion battery | |
| CN112121978B (en) | Processing equipment for pole piece crushing and sorting | |
| CN109604024A (en) | Used Li ion cell crushing-separating apparatus and method | |
| CN102896139A (en) | Method and equipment for processing waste circuit boards with components | |
| EP3486993A1 (en) | Recycling method | |
| CN202824089U (en) | Treatment equipment for circuit board of waste belt component | |
| CN213435719U (en) | Processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries | |
| CN205926578U (en) | Useless lithium battery processing system | |
| CN215089703U (en) | Take diaphragm dry pole piece to handle recovery system | |
| CN112108377A (en) | Processing technology and processing equipment for crushing and sorting batteries | |
| CN105618235B (en) | Carbon graphite continuous production prepares device | |
| CN115739917A (en) | Physical decomposition and automatic material classification system and method for scrapped batteries | |
| CN208865761U (en) | Power battery reducing mechanism | |
| CN109985712A (en) | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of copper aluminium material material in old and useless battery | |
| CN212189497U (en) | Production line for treating solid waste of large parts | |
| CN211629249U (en) | Broken production line of retrieving of lithium cell positive plate | |
| CN213377144U (en) | Pole piece crushing and sorting processing equipment | |
| CN219111851U (en) | Broken separation line of battery pole piece | |
| CN217569065U (en) | Lithium battery anode extraction automatic production line | |
| KR102585249B1 (en) | Crushing and classification apparatus of waste lithium battery | |
| CN115301701A (en) | Waste lithium battery crushing and sorting process | |
| CN113058733A (en) | Environment-friendly recovery flow production line for waste lithium batteries | |
| CN114308347A (en) | Automatic production line and process for extracting lithium battery anode | |
| CN113083862A (en) | Treatment and recovery system and method for dry pole piece with diaphragm |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Country or region after: China Address after: No. 358 Shangzhang, Xixiaxin Village, Lunan Street, Luqiao District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, 318050 Applicant after: Meixinyuan Environmental Protection Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 101-102, 1st floor, South office building, 2558 Haifeng Road, Sanjia street, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: Meixinyuan Environmental Protection Industry Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
|
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |