CN113083862A - Treatment and recovery system and method for dry pole piece with diaphragm - Google Patents
Treatment and recovery system and method for dry pole piece with diaphragm Download PDFInfo
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- CN113083862A CN113083862A CN202110408388.9A CN202110408388A CN113083862A CN 113083862 A CN113083862 A CN 113083862A CN 202110408388 A CN202110408388 A CN 202110408388A CN 113083862 A CN113083862 A CN 113083862A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery treatment, and discloses a treatment and recovery system and a method for dry pole pieces with diaphragms, wherein the system comprises a pre-crushing processor, a first conveyor, a first crusher, a material scattering machine, a first negative pressure material pumping device and a first sorting device which are sequentially connected, and a magnetic roller is arranged at the discharge end of the first conveyor to adsorb iron in materials; the first sorting device is used for sorting out a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface; a discharge port of the first sorting device is sequentially connected with a second negative pressure material pumping device, a second sorting device and a powder removing machine, and the second sorting device is used for separating the diaphragm from black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm; and the other discharge port of the first sorting device is sequentially connected with a second conveyor, a second crusher and a third sorting device, and the third sorting device is used for separating black powder from aluminum. The invention can respectively recover the black powder, the aluminum and the diaphragm, has higher automation degree and avoids manual direct contact with the black powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery treatment, in particular to a system and a method for treating and recycling a dry pole piece with a diaphragm.
Background
With the global promotion of important strategic development of green energy development, China also vigorously develops renewable energy sources to replace non-renewable energy sources in the movement of reducing the pollution to the earth and worsening the environment following the world steps. Automobiles are gradually moving from the direction of replacing internal combustion engines with batteries, effectively reducing the pollution of exhaust gases resulting from combustion, while at the same time producing a very large number of used batteries, among which lithium batteries are very common. Lithium batteries can be classified into various types, including those with copper-aluminum pole pieces, those with dry diaphragm black powder aluminum pole pieces, black powder and aluminum pole pieces, and the like. Different ways of handling different types of lithium batteries are required.
Wherein, take dry diaphragm black powder aluminum sheet mainly includes: a diaphragm (a thin film similar to plastic), black powder (rare metal), aluminum alloy, a small amount of iron. The types of materials are very many, if the materials are manually sorted, the materials are relatively complex and difficult to operate, and the black powder contains rare substances harmful to human bodies and is not suitable for direct contact of the human bodies. In addition, because the diaphragm and the black powder in the material and the aluminum are processed, the black powder and the diaphragm are filled in the aluminum shell, and the black powder and the diaphragm are all pressed through hydraulic pressure to compress the space of the pole piece, so the black powder can be attached to the diaphragm, and the separation is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a system and a method for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in separating materials from a black aluminum pole piece with the dry diaphragm in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a processing and recycling system for a dry pole piece with a diaphragm, which comprises:
the device comprises a pre-crushing processor, a first conveyor, a first crusher, a material scattering machine, a first negative pressure material pumping device and a first sorting device which are connected in sequence, wherein a magnetic roller is arranged at the discharge end of the first conveyor to adsorb iron in the material; the first sorting device is used for sorting out a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface;
a discharge port of the first sorting device is sequentially connected with a second negative-pressure material pumping device, a second sorting device and a powder removing machine, wherein the second sorting device is used for separating the diaphragm from black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm;
and the other discharge port of the first sorting device is sequentially connected with a second conveyor, a second crusher and a third sorting device, wherein the third sorting device is used for separating black powder from aluminum.
Preferably, the processing and recycling system for the dry pole piece with the diaphragm further comprises a third negative pressure pumping device, and the third negative pressure pumping device is connected with the powder remover and the third sorting device and is used for negative pressure pumping of black powder generated in the powder remover and the third sorting device.
Preferably, the fan power in the first negative pressure pumping device is greater than the fan power in the second negative pressure pumping device, and the fan power in the third negative pressure pumping device is greater than the fan power in the first negative pressure pumping device.
Preferably, the first crusher and the second crusher are both hammer-blade crushers, the rotating speed of the first crusher is less than that of the powder remover, and the rotating speed of the powder remover is less than that of the second crusher.
Preferably, the processing and recycling system for the dry pole pieces with the diaphragms further comprises a dust removal device, and the dust removal device is connected with the first crusher, the second conveyor and the third sorting device through dust removal pipelines respectively so as to perform dust removal processing.
Preferably, the treatment and recovery system for the dry pole pieces with the diaphragms further comprises a water supply device, and the water supply device is connected with the first crusher, the second crusher and the powder remover.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for treating and recycling a dry pole piece with a diaphragm, which comprises the following steps:
pre-crushing the dry pole piece material with the diaphragm;
conveying the pre-crushed material to a first crusher by using a first conveyor, and collecting iron in the material in the conveying process;
crushing the materials conveyed by the first conveyor by using a first crusher;
breaking up the crushed materials at a high speed;
negative pressure is used for extracting the high-speed scattered materials, and the high-speed scattered materials are separated into a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface by using a first sorting device;
extracting a diaphragm attached with black powder on the surface by negative pressure, separating the diaphragm from the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm by using a second separation device, and scattering the separated diaphragm and the black powder at high speed to respectively recover the diaphragm and the black powder;
and conveying the mixture of the black powder and the aluminum to a second crusher for crushing, feeding the material crushed by the second crusher into a third sorting device, and separating the black powder from the aluminum by using the third sorting device.
Preferably, the treatment and recovery method further comprises negative-pressure extraction of the black powder separated from the isolation surface and the black powder generated in the third sorting device.
Preferably, the treatment and recovery method further comprises the step of carrying out dust removal treatment on dust generated in the processes of crushing, conveying and sorting the materials.
Preferably, the process recovery method further comprises cooling the first crusher and the second crusher.
Compared with the prior art, the system and the method for treating and recovering the dry pole piece with the diaphragm have the beneficial effects that:
according to the processing and recycling system for the dry pole piece with the diaphragm, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dry pole piece with the diaphragm is separated by the first separating device, the second separating device and the third separating device, so that black powder, aluminum and the diaphragm are separated, and the black powder, the aluminum and the diaphragm are conveniently recycled respectively. In addition, the second separation device can be used for separating the diaphragm and a small amount of black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm, so that the recovery rate of the black powder can be improved, and the requirement on rare metals in new energy development is met. The invention can automatically process the dry pole piece with the diaphragm, has higher degree of automation, thereby saving the labor cost, avoiding the direct contact of the black powder by the manpower and reducing the harm to the human body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a treatment and recovery system for dry pole pieces with diaphragms according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a system for processing and recycling a dry pole piece with a diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a first conveyor in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the first negative pressure pumping device, the second negative pressure pumping device and the first sorting device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a second negative pressure pumping device, a second sorting device and a powder remover in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third negative pressure pumping device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a dust removing apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of a water supply apparatus in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic process flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a pre-crushing processor; 2. a first conveyor; 21. a belt; 22. a first drive motor; 23. a magnetic roller; 24. an ash leakage groove; 3. a first crusher; 4. a material scattering machine; 5. a first negative pressure pumping device; 501. a first cyclone collecting hopper; 502. a first fan; 503. a first air-turning off machine; 6. a first sorting device; 7. a second negative pressure pumping device; 701. a second cyclone collecting hopper; 702. a second fan; 703. a second air shutter machine; 8. a second sorting device; 9. a powder removing machine; 10. a second conveyor; 101. a third air-turning off machine; 11. a second crusher; 12. a third sorting device; 121. a feeding machine; 13. a third negative pressure pumping device; 131. a third cyclone collecting hopper; 132. a third fan; 14. a dust removal device; 141. a pulse dust collector; 142. a dust exhaust fan; 143. a dust removal pipeline; 144. a fourth air-turning off machine; 15. a water supply device; 151. a water pump; 152. a water pipe; 153. a water storage tank; 154. a sewage draining outlet.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a system for processing and recovering dry pole pieces with membranes according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a pre-crushing processor 1, a first conveyor 2, a first crusher 3, a material breaker 4, a first negative pressure material pumping device 5, and a first sorting device 6, which are connected in sequence, wherein the pre-crushing processor 1 is configured to pre-crush raw materials, the raw materials are dry pole pieces with membranes, and the size of the pre-crushed materials is about 40 × 30 × 10 mm; the first conveyor 2 is used for conveying the pre-crushed materials to the first crusher 3, wherein a feeding end of the first conveyor 2 is connected with a discharging port of the pre-crushing processor 1, a discharging end of the first conveyor 2 is connected with a feeding port of the first crusher 3, and a discharging end of the first conveyor 2 is provided with a magnetic roller so as to adsorb iron in the materials by using the magnetic roller and achieve the purpose of removing iron; the first crusher 3 is used for further crushing the materials, the crushed materials are granular, and the diameter of the materials is about 10 mm; the first negative pressure extraction device is connected with a discharge port of the first crusher 3 so as to extract the materials crushed by the first crusher 3 to the first sorting device 6 for sorting treatment under negative pressure; the feeding hole of the first sorting device 6 is connected with a first negative pressure extraction device, and the first sorting device 6 is used for sorting materials into a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the surface attached with the black powder; a discharge port of the first sorting device 6 is sequentially connected with a second negative pressure material pumping device 7, a second sorting device 8 and a powder removing machine 9, wherein the second negative pressure material pumping device 7 is used for pumping the diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface to the second sorting device 8 in a negative pressure manner so as to sort the diaphragm and the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm; the second sorting device 8 is connected with a discharge hole of the second negative pressure pumping device 7, and the second sorting device 8 is used for separating the diaphragm from black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm; the powder remover 9 is connected with a discharge hole of the second sorting device 8 so as to further highly break up the diaphragm and the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm and thoroughly separate the diaphragm and the black powder; the other discharge port of the first sorting device 6 is sequentially connected with a second conveyor 10, a second crusher 11 and a third sorting device 12, wherein the second conveyor 10 conveys the mixture of the black powder and the aluminum to the second crusher 11 for crushing treatment; the second crusher 11 is used for crushing the materials into powder so as to further separate black powder from aluminum; the third separation device 12 is connected with a discharge port of the second crusher 11, and the third separation device 12 is used for separating black powder from aluminum.
According to the invention, the dry pole pieces with the diaphragms are separated by the first separation device 6, the second separation device 8 and the third separation device 12, so that black powder, aluminum and the diaphragms are separated, and the black powder, the aluminum and the diaphragms are respectively recovered. In addition, the second sorting device 8 can be used for separating the diaphragm and the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm, so that the recovery rate of the black powder can be improved, and the requirement on rare metals in new energy development is met. The invention can automatically process the dry pole piece with the diaphragm, has higher degree of automation, thereby saving the labor cost, avoiding the direct contact of the black powder by the manpower and reducing the harm to the human body.
In addition, in the invention, the first separation device 6 is mainly used for separating aluminum and the diaphragm, the second separation device 8 is mainly used for separating the diaphragm and black powder, and the third separation device 12 is mainly used for separating the aluminum and the black powder.
In this embodiment, the pre-crusher 1 is a twin-shaft shredder 1.
In this embodiment, the first conveyor 2 is a magnetic roller conveyor 23. As shown in fig. 3, the magnetic roller conveyor 23 comprises a belt 21, a magnetic roller 23, a first driving motor 22 and an ash leakage groove 24, wherein the first driving motor 22 is connected with the magnetic roller 23 to drive the magnetic roller 23 to rotate; the belt 21 is arranged on the magnetic roller 23 and can drive materials along with the rotation of the magnetic roller 23; an ash chute 24 is provided below the belt 21 to collect iron in the material. The iron plate in the material is adsorbed on the surface by the magnetic roller 23, and when the iron plate is driven to the upper part of the dust leakage groove 24 along with the belt 21, the iron plate drops into the dust leakage groove 24 because the iron plate loses the magnetic adsorption of the magnetic roller 23.
In this embodiment, the first crusher 3 is a hammer crusher, and crushes the material by beating. The material scattering machine 4 is a vortex bulk machine 4.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the first negative pressure material pumping device 5 includes a first cyclone collecting hopper 501 and a first fan 502, the first fan 502 is a high pressure fan, and negative pressure is formed in the first cyclone collecting hopper 501 to pump the material into the first cyclone collecting hopper 501 for collection. Further, the discharge port of the first cyclone collecting hopper 501 is provided with a first air-lock fan 503 to reduce the loss of air volume and maintain a corresponding material storage space in the first cyclone collecting hopper 501. The material collected in the first cyclone collection hopper 501 enters the first sorting device 6 through the first air lock 503. At this time, the material collected in the first cyclone collecting hopper 501 is a dry pole piece material with a diaphragm, which is scattered at a high speed and comprises black powder, aluminum and a diaphragm with black powder attached to the surface.
In this embodiment, the first sorting device 6 is a Z-shaped sorting machine, and the inner channel thereof is Z-shaped; the second negative pressure material pumping device 7 comprises a second cyclone collecting hopper 701 and a second fan 702, wherein the second fan 702 is a high-pressure fan to form negative pressure in the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 so as to pump the material into the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 under the negative pressure; the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 is connected with an upper interface of the Z-shaped sorting machine, a fan port of the second fan 702 is connected with a lower interface of the Z-shaped sorting machine, a discharge port of the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 is arranged above the second sorting device 8, and a second air-lock valve 703 is arranged at a discharge port of the second cyclone collecting hopper 701. The first sorting device 6 mainly separates the aluminum from the diaphragm by using the difference of specific gravity between the aluminum and the diaphragm. Likewise, the discharge port of the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 is provided with a second air shutter 703 to reduce loss of air volume and maintain a corresponding space in the second cyclone collecting hopper 701. The material collected in the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 enters the second sorting device 8 through the second air shutter 703. At this time, the material collected in the second cyclone collecting hopper 701 includes a membrane and black powder attached to the surface of the membrane.
In this embodiment, the second sorting device 8 and the third sorting device 12 are both vibrating screens to disperse the materials. The second sorting device 8 and the third sorting device 12 have substantially the same configuration. The holes of the screen are relatively small, since the discharge of the second sorting device 8 is relatively fast and the vibrations are relatively intensive. Because the ejection of compact of third sorting unit 12 is relatively gentle, consequently, the vibration frequency of third sorting unit 12 is less than the vibration frequency of second sorting unit 8, and the aperture of the screen cloth in third sorting unit 12 is greater than the screen cloth aperture in second sorting unit 8 to conveniently collect the material. In this embodiment, the power of the second sorting apparatus 8 is 2.2KW, the sieve is 120 mesh, and the inclination angle of the sieve is 55 °; the power of the third sorting apparatus 12 was 1.5KW, the sieve was 100 mesh, and the inclination angle of the sieve was 3 °.
In this embodiment, the second conveyor 10 is an embedded scraper conveyor, and the feeding material of the scraper conveyor comprises aluminum and a large amount of black powder; the feeding end of the embedded scraper conveyor is arranged below the discharge hole of the first sorting device 6 and is in butt joint with the first sorting device 6; the discharge end of the buried scraper conveyor is arranged above the feed inlet of the second crusher 11. In this embodiment, the buried scraper conveyer is further provided with a feeding port in butt joint with the powder remover 9 to receive the black powder which is still unqualified after being processed by the powder remover 9, so that the part of unqualified black powder is conveyed to the second crusher 11 for further crushing treatment. Here, the term "defective" means that the dimensions of the product after the treatment by the powder remover 9 do not meet the set requirements. And a dust removal interface connected with the dust removal pipeline 143 is further arranged on the embedded scraper conveyor.
In this embodiment, a third air-lock valve 101 is further disposed between the second conveyor 10 and the second crusher 11, so as to transfer the material in the second conveyor 10 to the second crusher 11.
In this embodiment, the second crusher 11 is a hammer crusher and is a fine crusher to break the material into powder.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the first crusher 3 is less than that of the powder removing machine 9, and the rotating speed of the powder removing machine 9 is less than that of the second crusher 11, so as to form a stepped rotating speed variation trend and improve the black powder recovery rate. In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the first crusher 3 is 1100r/s, the rotation speed of the vortex powder machine is 1100r/s, the rotation speed of the powder remover 9 is 1480r/s, and the rotation speed of the second crusher 11 is 1864 r/s.
In this embodiment, the system for processing and recycling the dry pole piece with the diaphragm further includes a feeding machine 121 connected to a discharge port of the third sorting device 12 to convey aluminum to a certain height, so as to facilitate collection and packaging. In this embodiment, the feeding machine 121 is a spiral feeding machine 121.
In this embodiment, the system for processing and recovering the dry pole piece with the diaphragm further includes a third negative pressure pumping device 13, and the third negative pressure pumping device 13 is connected to the powder remover 9 and the third sorting device 12, and is configured to pump black powder generated in the powder remover 9 and the third sorting device 12 under negative pressure. As shown in fig. 6, the third negative pressure material pumping device 13 includes a third cyclone collecting hopper 131 and a third fan 132, the third fan 132 is a high pressure fan, and negative pressure is formed in the third cyclone collecting hopper 131 to pump the material into the third cyclone collecting hopper 131 for collection. At this time, the material collected in the third cyclone collecting hopper 131 includes only black powder, so that the black powder is collected.
Because the pumping distance of the first negative pressure pumping device 5 is long and the discharged materials of the first crusher 3 are more, the yield of the materials crushed by the first crusher 3 reaches 2.2-2.5 tons per hour; moreover, the third negative pressure material pumping device 13 needs to pump the black powder separated from the powder remover 9 and the black powder separated from the third sorting device 12, and preferably, the fan power in the first negative pressure material pumping device 5 is greater than the fan power in the second negative pressure material pumping device 7, so as to prevent the second negative pressure material pumping device 7 from affecting the work of the first negative pressure material pumping device 5 in the process of pumping the materials; the fan power in the third negative pressure material pumping device 13 is larger than that in the first negative pressure material pumping device 5, so that higher yield is achieved, and black powder recovery efficiency is improved. In this embodiment, fan power in the material device 5 is taken out to first negative pressure is 5.5kW, fan power in the material device 7 is taken out to the second negative pressure is 3kW, fan power in the material device 13 is taken out to the third negative pressure is 7.5 kW.
In this embodiment, the processing and recycling system for dry pole pieces with diaphragms further includes a dust removing device 14, and the dust removing device 14 is connected with the first crusher 3, the second conveyor 10, and the third sorting device 12 through dust removing pipelines 143, respectively, so as to perform dust removing processing. As shown in fig. 7, the dust removing device 14 includes a dust exhaust fan 142 and a pulse dust remover 141, wherein the pulse dust remover 141 is connected to the first crusher 3, the second conveyor 10 and the third sorting device 12 through a dust removing pipe 143 to collect and purify dust generated by each device; the dust exhaust fan 142 is connected to the pulse dust collector 141 to exhaust the air purified by the pulse dust collector 141. Further, a fourth air-off fan 144 is disposed below the dust hopper of the pulse dust collector 141 to better collect dust.
In this embodiment, the system for processing and recovering the dry pole pieces with the diaphragms further comprises a water supply device 15, and the water supply device 15 is connected with the first crusher 3, the second crusher 11 and the powder remover 9. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the water supply device 15 includes a water pump 151, a water pipe 152 and a water storage tank 153, wherein the water storage tank 153 is used for storing a water source, the water pipe 152 is connected with the first crusher 3, the second crusher 11 and the powder removing machine 9, the water pump 151 is used for discharging the water pump 151 in the water storage tank 153, and the water pump is transmitted to corresponding equipment through the water pipe 152, so as to cool a high-speed bearing in the equipment and ensure that the bearing does not generate heat at high temperature. Wherein, the water storage tank 153 is provided with a connector connected with an external water source and a sewage outlet 154.
The working process of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 10 as follows:
firstly, pre-crushing the pole pieces by using a pre-crushing processor 1 to obtain materials of about 40x30x10 mm; then, the material is conveyed to the first crusher 3 through the first conveyor 2 with the magnetic roller 23 for crushing, iron removal is carried out on the material while the material is conveyed, the head position of the first conveyor 2 is provided with a magnetic roller, iron in the material is adsorbed by the magnetic roller while the belt 21 is driven, the iron is conveyed to the ash leakage groove 24 along with the driving of the belt 21 for leakage, and therefore the iron in the material is collected. The material after being crushed by the first crusher 3 is about 10mm, and after being crushed, the material is scattered at a high speed in the vortex material scattering machine. Then, the first negative pressure material pumping device 5 is used for pumping the materials into the first cyclone collecting hopper 501 in a negative pressure mode for collection, and the materials in the first cyclone collecting hopper 501 enter the Z-shaped sorting machine through a first air closing machine 503 arranged below the first cyclone collecting hopper 501; in a Z-shaped sorting machine, a large amount of black powder and aluminum fall into an embedded scraper conveyer below, a diaphragm and the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm are pumped away by a second negative pressure pumping device 7, collected by a second cyclone collecting hopper 701 in the second negative pressure pumping device 7, and fall into a second sorting device 8 through a second air-lock valve 703 to be subjected to vibration screening, and the diaphragm and a small amount of black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm are separated in a vibration mode; then the powder is scattered at a high speed by a powder remover 9 to separate the diaphragm and a small amount of black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm; meanwhile, the embedded scraper conveyer feeds a large amount of mixture of black powder and aluminum into the second crusher 11 to further crush the materials into a powder state; discharging the material from the second crusher 11 to a third sorting device 12 for vibration screening, separating black powder and aluminum in a vibration mode, and collecting the aluminum through a spiral feeding machine 121; and finally, extracting and collecting the black powder screened by the third sorting device 12 and the black powder separated by the powder remover 9 through a third negative pressure material extracting device 13. Dust generated in the process of crushing materials by the first crusher 3, the process of conveying materials by the second conveyor 10, the process of screening materials by the third sorting device 12 and the process of extracting materials by the third negative-pressure material extracting device 13 enters the pulse dust removing device 14 through the dust removing pipeline 143 to be treated, and standard gas is discharged after treatment.
As shown in fig. 11, a method for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S1, pre-crushing the dry pole piece material with the diaphragm in a pre-crushing processor 1 to crush the material into about 40x30x10 mm;
step S2, conveying the pre-crushed material to a first crusher 3 by using a first conveyor 2, and collecting iron in the material in the conveying process, wherein a magnetic roller is arranged at the discharge end of the first conveyor 2 to adsorb the iron in the material;
step S3, crushing the material conveyed by the first conveyor 2 by using the first crusher 3, wherein the size of the crushed material is about 10 mm;
step S4, scattering the crushed materials at high speed, wherein the scattering can be carried out in a vortex scattering machine;
step S5, extracting the high-speed scattered materials under negative pressure, and separating the high-speed scattered materials into a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface by using the first sorting device 6;
step S6, extracting the diaphragm attached with the black powder on the surface by negative pressure, separating the diaphragm from the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm by using a second sorting device 8, and scattering the separated diaphragm and the black powder at high speed to respectively recover the diaphragm and the black powder;
and step S7, conveying the mixture of the black powder and the aluminum to a second crusher 11 for crushing, feeding the material crushed by the second crusher 11 into a third sorting device 12, and separating the black powder from the aluminum by using the third sorting device 12 to respectively recover the black powder and the aluminum.
In the present invention, step S6 and step S7 may be performed simultaneously or sequentially.
In this embodiment, the processing and recovering method further includes step S8, extracting black powder generated in the powder remover 9 and the third sorting device 12 under negative pressure to recover the black powder, so as to improve the recovery rate of the black powder.
In this embodiment, in step S5, since the distance of pumping the material is long and the material crushed by the first crusher 3 is large, the fan power during negative pressure pumping is set to 5.5 kW; in step S6, the fan power during negative pressure extraction is 3kW so as not to affect the negative pressure extraction in step S5; in step S8, since the black dusts generated in the pulverizer 9 and the third classifier 12 need to be collected at the same time, the fan power during the negative pressure extraction is set to 7.5kW to achieve a high yield.
In this embodiment, the processing and recycling method further includes the steps of performing dust removal processing on dust generated in the processes of crushing, conveying and sorting the materials so as to prevent the dust from polluting the environment, and discharging the gas up to the standard after purifying the gas containing dust.
In this embodiment, the treatment and recovery method further includes cooling the first crusher 3 and the second crusher 11 to prevent the bearings in the first crusher 3 and the second crusher 11 from being heated at high temperature and affecting the service life of the bearings.
It should be noted that other embodiments of the method for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm according to the present invention are substantially the same as the above-mentioned embodiments of the system for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm, and are not described herein again.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a system and a method for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm, wherein the system and the method separate the dry pole piece with the diaphragm through a first sorting device 6, a second sorting device 8, and a third sorting device 12, so as to separate black powder, aluminum, and the diaphragm, so as to separately recover the black powder, the aluminum, and the diaphragm. In addition, the second sorting device 8 can be used for separating the diaphragm and the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm, so that the recovery rate of the black powder can be improved, and the requirement on rare metals in new energy development is met. The invention can automatically process the dry pole piece with the diaphragm, has higher degree of automation, thereby saving the labor cost, avoiding the direct contact of the black powder by the manpower and reducing the harm to the human body. The aluminum and the diaphragm in the final black powder collected material basically account for about 1.5%, and the total nickel, cobalt and manganese contained in the finely crushed aluminum powder accounts for: less than or equal to 5 percent, and the removal rate of the diaphragm is as follows: more than or equal to 98.5 percent, and the aluminum in the diaphragm accounts for the following ratio: less than or equal to 3 percent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a take diaphragm dry pole piece to handle recovery system which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a pre-crushing processor, a first conveyor, a first crusher, a material scattering machine, a first negative pressure material pumping device and a first sorting device which are connected in sequence, wherein a magnetic roller is arranged at the discharge end of the first conveyor to adsorb iron in the material; the first sorting device is used for sorting out a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface;
a discharge port of the first sorting device is sequentially connected with a second negative-pressure material pumping device, a second sorting device and a powder removing machine, wherein the second sorting device is used for separating the diaphragm from black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm;
and the other discharge port of the first sorting device is sequentially connected with a second conveyor, a second crusher and a third sorting device, wherein the third sorting device is used for separating black powder from aluminum.
2. The processing and recycling system for the dry pole pieces with the membranes as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a third negative pressure pumping device, wherein the third negative pressure pumping device is connected with the powder remover and the third sorting device for negative pressure pumping of black powder generated in the powder remover and the third sorting device.
3. The processing and recycling system for dry pole pieces with diaphragms of claim 2, wherein the fan power in the first negative pressure pumping device is greater than the fan power in the second negative pressure pumping device, and the fan power in the third negative pressure pumping device is greater than the fan power in the first negative pressure pumping device.
4. The processing and recycling system for dry pole pieces with membranes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first crusher and the second crusher are hammer type crushers, the rotation speed of the first crusher is less than that of the powder remover, and the rotation speed of the powder remover is less than that of the second crusher.
5. The processing and recycling system for dry pole pieces with membranes as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a dust removing device, wherein the dust removing device is connected to the first crusher, the second conveyor and the third sorting device through dust removing pipes respectively for performing dust removing processing.
6. The processing and recycling system for dry pole pieces with membranes as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a water supply device connected to the first crusher, the second crusher and the powder remover.
7. A method for processing and recovering a dry pole piece with a diaphragm is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pre-crushing the dry pole piece material with the diaphragm;
conveying the pre-crushed material to a first crusher by using a first conveyor, and collecting iron in the material in the conveying process;
crushing the materials conveyed by the first conveyor by using a first crusher;
breaking up the crushed materials at a high speed;
negative pressure is used for extracting the high-speed scattered materials, and the high-speed scattered materials are separated into a mixture of black powder and aluminum and a diaphragm with the black powder attached to the surface by using a first sorting device;
extracting a diaphragm attached with black powder on the surface by negative pressure, separating the diaphragm from the black powder attached to the surface of the diaphragm by using a second separation device, and scattering the separated diaphragm and the black powder at high speed to respectively recover the diaphragm and the black powder;
and conveying the mixture of the black powder and the aluminum to a second crusher for crushing, feeding the material crushed by the second crusher into a third sorting device, and separating the black powder from the aluminum by using the third sorting device.
8. The processing and recycling method for the dry pole piece with the diaphragm as claimed in claim 7, further comprising negative pressure extraction of black powder separated from the isolation surface and black powder generated in the third sorting device.
9. The processing and recycling method of the dry pole piece with the diaphragm as claimed in claim 7, further comprising dust removal processing of dust generated in the processes of crushing, conveying and sorting the materials.
10. The process recovery method for dry pole pieces with membranes according to claim 7, further comprising cooling the first crusher and the second crusher.
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