CN102896139A - Method and equipment for processing waste circuit boards with components - Google Patents
Method and equipment for processing waste circuit boards with components Download PDFInfo
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- CN102896139A CN102896139A CN2012103933726A CN201210393372A CN102896139A CN 102896139 A CN102896139 A CN 102896139A CN 2012103933726 A CN2012103933726 A CN 2012103933726A CN 201210393372 A CN201210393372 A CN 201210393372A CN 102896139 A CN102896139 A CN 102896139A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and equipment for processing waste circuit boards with components. The waste circuit boards with the components directly enter a first stage belt conveyer without being processed; the first stage belt conveyer, a single-shaft shredder, a second stage belt conveyer, an eddy separator, a third stage belt conveyer, a first hammer mill, a first material fan, a first external grader, a first cyclone separator, a first pulse dust collector and a exhaust tower are connected with one another in sequence; a self-detachable iron separator and a permanent magnet cylinder are installed at the second stage belt conveyer; a middle stage belt is connected with a non-iron metal outlet of the eddy separator; the first stage external grader is further connected with a second hammer mill through a spiral conveyer; and the second hammer mill, a second material fan, a second external grader, a second cyclone separator, a second pulse dust collector and the exhaust tower are connected with one another in sequence. The equipment is environmental-friendly and energy-saving, causes low noises, has a high capacity, a high metal recovery rate and good benefits and can be used for crushing and separating materials thoroughly, and the exhaust emission of the equipment can reach the environmental protection standard in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment facility of waste materials, be specifically related to a kind of waste and old processing method and equipment with component circuit board.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, electronics industry is advanced by leaps and bounds especially, and electronic product have wide in variety, upgrade fast, popularize wide characteristics.When electronic product had extensive use, wide market, electron wastes was also increasing to measure large, wide surprising speed, if process bad, with direct contaminated environment, to affect people healthy.Waste and old is the chief component of electron wastes with component circuit board, except having a large amount of inorganic material, also have some precious metals, therefore, handling well waste and oldly with component circuit board and reclaim wherein precious metal, is vital task and the scientific research task of pendulum in face of numerous scientific workers.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, and provide a kind of waste and old processing method and equipment with component circuit board, environmental protection, energy-conservation, low noise, high production capacity, and crushing material separates thoroughly, metal recovery rate is high, and income is good, and exhaust emissions reaches national environmental standard.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of waste and old processing method with component circuit board is: waste and old band component circuit board is not treated directly to be delivered to single-shaft shredder by the one-level belt conveyer, after tearing up, fall the second belt transporter by screen cloth, on the second belt transporter self-unloading type deferrization device is installed, magnetic bodies and ordinary material are separated, magnetic bodies focuses in addition, ordinary material is continued to carry by the second belt transporter, the permanent magnetic pulley of second belt transporter discharging opening again sorts out the magnetic bodies in the material in addition and focuses on, rest materials is delivered to vortex sorting machine, vortex sorting machine is separated nonferrous metal from material, and go out otherwise processed by the intergrade Belt Conveying, other material is delivered to the first beater disintegrating machine by three grades of belt conveyers and is pulverized, copper and material are peeled off, material drops out through the beater disintegrating machine screen cloth, is pumped to the first outer grader by the first materiel fan; Minute stage material of the first outer grader is divided into two the tunnel: the material that the first via is light is taken away from the first outer grader upper end, enters the first cyclone separator, the first pulse dust collector, tail gas tower purified treatment; The slightly heavy powder of the second tunnel first outer grader drops on the airstream vibration sieve through star-like discharger, through airstream vibration screening choosing, the high-purity copper powder is discharged by airstream vibration sieve high port and is reclaimed, the material of low side is then delivered to the second beater disintegrating machine through conveying worm and is pulverized, copper and material are peeled off, material after the second beater disintegrating machine is pulverized is after screen cloth drops out, be evacuated to the second outer grader by the second materiel fan, light material is taken away from the second outer grader upper end, enters the second cyclone separator, the second pulse dust collector, tail gas tower purified treatment; The slightly heavy substance of the second outer grader drops on the vibratory sieve through star-like discharger, and through the vibratory sieve sorting, the high-purity copper powder is unified to be reclaimed.
A kind of waste and old treatment facility with component circuit board, one-level belt conveyer, single-shaft shredder, second belt transporter, vortex sorting machine, three grades of belt conveyers, the first beater disintegrating machine, the first materiel fan, the first outer grader, the first cyclone separator, the first pulse dust collector, tail gas towers connect successively, at the second belt transporter self-unloading type deferrization device is installed, at second belt transporter discharging opening permanent magnetic pulley is installed, is connected with the intergrade belt in the outlet of the nonferrous metal of vortex sorting machine; The first outer grader also connects the conveying worm input, the conveying worm output connects the second beater disintegrating machine, and the second beater disintegrating machine, the second materiel fan, the second outer grader, the second cyclone separator, the second pulse dust collector, tail gas tower connect successively.
In the technique scheme, described first, second outer grader structure is identical, and the first outer grader bottom is equipped with star-like discharger, and star-like discharger below is equipped with the airstream vibration sieve, and the airstream vibration sieve is 1000 types; The second outer grader bottom is equipped with star-like discharger, and star-like discharger below is equipped with vibratory sieve, and vibratory sieve is the FQ45120 type.
In the technique scheme, described its structure of first, second beater disintegrating machine is: install and fix casing at base, feed hopper is connected with casing, main shaft is installed in the casing, hammer leaf is installed on the main shaft, and bottom half also is connected with a cavity, is provided with the drawer type screen cloth between cavity and casing, cavity by pipeline with take out the material blower fan be connected, take out the material blower fan be connected with discharging opening; The described drawer type screen cloth that arranges between cavity and casing is: casing is provided with gathering sill, and the screen cloth support casing is contained on the gathering sill and the screen cloth support can move back and forth, and screen cloth is fixed on the screen cloth support, and motor is by belt pulley, belt connection for transmission main shaft; Have liner plate on the described casing, have groove on the liner plate, the groove on the liner plate is parallel with main shaft; Described screen cloth axle center is concentric with spindle axis; Described casing is divided into upper box and lower box, and lower box is fixedly connected with base, and upper box is connected with feed hopper.
In the technique scheme, its structure of described single-shaft shredder is: mounted motor on frame, reductor, main shaft, Hydraulic Station, feed hopper, broken casing, motor passes through belt, belt pulley connection for transmission reductor, reductor output connects main shaft, main shaft places in the broken casing, the multi-disc moving knife is installed on the main shaft, become cutter and roll main shaft, broken box inside is mounted with the multi-disc stationary knife, broken lower box is equipped with screen cloth, and feed hopper is connected UNICOM with broken casing top, also is provided with dust-exhausting port on the broken casing one terminal frame, frame is provided with gathering sill, and the material pushing box in the broken casing is connected by oil cylinder by Hydraulic Station and pushes back moving at gathering sill; The charging adjustable plate is installed on the feed hopper; Also be fixedly connected with ash collection slot on the frame.
In the technique scheme, the screen cloth mesh Φ 2.5mm of described the first beater disintegrating machine, the screen cloth mesh Φ 1.5mm of the second beater disintegrating machine.
Substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and advantageous effect:
1, waste and old processing method and the equipment with component circuit board of the applicant's independent research, components and parts on the circuit board need not to remove or carry out other treatment process, integrated straight is picked into the single-shaft shredder fragmentation, pass through again magnetic separation and eddy current separation, select the materials such as magnetic material, non-ferrous metal and electric capacity, these materials can directly reclaim; Then pulverize through pulverizer and the choosing of air-flow vibrosieve, obtain metal dust and non-metal powder;
2, waste and old coarse crushing equipment with component circuit board adopts the single-shaft shredder of designed, designed, belongs to the environmental protection equipment of low energy consumption, low noise, high production capacity, and crushing effect is desirable, and cutter is durable in use, easy care;
3, the pulverizing separation equipment of core is on the basis that has comprehensively absorbed domestic and international successful experience, and autonomous improvement innovation is researched and developed successfully, its principle be utilize blade with through the collision of the material high-speed of primary crushing and with its pulverizing, the gear ring type stationary knife that contacts with material, moving knife all are to adopt the potassium steel of high rigidity, high abrasion to form through the special process forging, cutter life is long, crushing material, separation have thoroughly improved the rate of recovery of metal greatly;
4, in order to reduce the impact that in the equipment running process surrounding environment is caused, damping noise reduction and sound arrester in main dynamics equipment, have been designed, the vibrations that equipment produces in the production process and noise all can be well controlled, and have greatly improved condition of work and living environment;
5, waste and old band component circuit board is pulverized in the separation process in broken and high speed, for preventing high temperature and peculiar smell, when design, increased cooling spray system and active carbon adsorption exhaust treatment system, made the tail gas that is discharged in the atmosphere reach state environmental emissioning standard;
6, treating capacity is large, and maximum can reach 550kg/h (changing depending on the pcb board tenor);
7, the mechanical intelligent degree is high, adopts the PLC programme-control, and intelligence is regulated, monitoring parameter, can realize automatic operating.
8, the comparison of process route of the present invention and original technology:
Original route:
A: the wiring board with components and parts passes through first the components and parts cutting machine, components and parts partly excised, and manually-operated, production efficiency is low;
B: one-level is broken for cyclopentane gas detector;
C: only have a cover beater disintegrating machine system, the low side discharging opening of vibratory sieve enters conveying worm, and the hammer crusher (screen cloth Φ 2.5) that is transported to beginning is pulverized again, and material enters a circulation, causes production capacity to reduce;
Present route:
A: the wiring board with components and parts directly enters single-shaft shredder without any processing, then tramp iron separator and eddy current separation, iron and the screening of copper aluminum metal;
B: one-level is broken for single-shaft shredder;
C: have two cover beater disintegrating machine systems, the low side discharging opening of vibratory sieve enters conveying worm, be transported to an other hammer crusher (screen cloth Φ 1.5), because the replacing material of screen cloth is further in small, broken bits, thereby peeling off of copper will further strengthen, the recovery of copper rate will strengthen, and production capacity also will enlarge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the present device structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the single-shaft shredder structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the beater disintegrating machine structural representation.
The accompanying drawing marking explanation:
1-one-level belt conveyer, 2-shredder hood, 3-single-shaft shredder, 4-self-unloading type deferrization device, 5-second belt transporter, 6-permanent magnetic pulley, 7-vortex sorting machine, 8-three grades of belt conveyers, 9-feeding hole of pulverizer, 10-conveying worm, 11-tail gas tower, the 12-the first pulse dust collector, the 13-the first cyclone separator, 14-intergrade belt, the 15-the first beater disintegrating machine, the 16-the second beater disintegrating machine, the 17-the second materiel fan, the 18-the first materiel fan, 19-pipeline, 20-platform, 21-star-like discharger, the 22-the first outer grader, 23-vibratory sieve FQ45120,24-airstream vibration sieves 1000 types, 25-dedusting fan, the 26-the second outer grader, 27-the second pulse dust collector, the 28-the second cyclone separator, 29-frame, 30-motor, 31-belt pulley, 32-Hydraulic Station, 33-shredder belt, 34-reductor, 35-shredder feed hopper, 36-gathering sill, 37-oil cylinder, 38-material pushing box, 39-ash collection slot, 40-charging adjustable plate, 41-main shaft, 42-moving knife, 43-dust-exhausting port, 44-stationary knife, 45-screen cloth, 46-base, 47-screen cloth support, 48-disintegrator sieving net, 49-pulverizer main shaft, 50-hammer leaf, 51-upper box, 52-grinder feeding bucket, 53-liner plate, 54-lower box, 55-pulverizer motor, 56-pulverizer belt pulley, 57-pulverizer belt, 58-gathering sill.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, waste and old processing method and equipment with component circuit board of the present invention is: with the pcb board of components and parts, not treated direct process belt conveyer is transported to the PW4080 single-shaft shredder, after the single-shaft shredder fragmentation, material is fallen the second belt conveyer by screen cloth, light-duty self-unloading type deferrization device is installed on the second belt conveyer, magnetic bodies in the material and material are separated, must remove magnetic bodies before entering vortex sorting machine, avoid magnetisable material to enter eddy current and produce high heat, cause danger, magnetic bodies focuses on.Second belt continues unclassified stores to carry, a permanent magnetic pulley has been installed at second belt transporter discharging opening place, material does not sort out through permanent magnetic pulley except clean magnetisable material after by tramp iron separator, unclassified stores is transported to vortex sorting machine, the vortex sorting machine effect is separated nonferrous metal in the material (such as aluminium, copper etc.) sorting from material exactly, nonferrous metal is gone out by the intergrade Belt Conveying, focuses on.Other material is fallen three grades of belts, by three grades of Belt Conveyings to the first beater disintegrating machine, the screen cloth mesh is Φ 2.5mm, behind the blade and material high-speed collision of the first beater disintegrating machine, part copper and material are peeled off, drop out from hammer crusher through screen cloth, pumped in the first outer grader by the first materiel fan again, the grader principle is that particle according to different grain size, shape and density suffered gravity in air is different with resistance of medium, thereby has that different sinking speed carries out.Material such as foam, plastics etc. light in the material are taken away from the first outer grader upper end, most of material falls along inwall in the material, drop to airstream vibration through star-like discharger and sieve on 1000 types, star-like discharger effect is mass transport to go out, and can play again the effect of lock gas.
Light material is pumped in the cyclone separator owing to suction function, under Action of Gravity Field, heavy powder drops to the unified processing of material frame through star-like discharger, light part then enters the first pulse dust collector, and after gas entered pulse dust collector, dust was attached on the filter bag by long-pending, thereby reach the effect of dedusting, gas is carried out by dedusting fan it being sent into tail gas tower after the dedusting, after being processed by tail gas tower, be discharged in the air.
The first outer grader drops to airstream vibration and sieves material on 1000 types, through the vibratory sieve sorting, material under the comprehensive functions such as gravity, vibration, wind-force by density variation with feed separation, highly purified copper powder is discharged by the vibratory sieve high port, the unified recovery.The material of low side comprises that the plastic plate after material that copper is not peeled off fully and copper-stripping are fully etc. then enters the helical feed machine inlet capable.Also have light material such as dust, the plastics etc. of part, then be pumped to the another one cyclone separator by vibratory sieve another one suction opeing and process, enter at last pulse dust collector and tail gas tower.
Conveying worm is sent material into the second beater disintegrating machine, and the screen cloth mesh is Φ 1.5mm.
Behind the blade and material high-speed collision of the second beater disintegrating machine, copper and material are peeled off, advanced screen cloth and dropped out from hammer crusher, pump to the second outer grader by the second materiel fan again.Material such as foam, plastics etc. light in the material are taken away from the second outer grader upper end, and most of material falls along inwall in the material, drops on the vibratory sieve FQ45120 type through star-like discharger.Light material is pumped in the cyclone separator owing to suction function, heavy powder drops to the unified processing of material frame through star-like discharger, and light part then enters the second pulse dust collector, and gas is carried out by dedusting fan it being sent into tail gas tower after the dedusting, after the tail gas tower processing, be discharged in the air.The second outer grader drops to the material on the vibratory sieve FQ45120 type, and through the vibratory sieve sorting, highly purified copper powder is discharged by the vibratory sieve high port, the unified recovery.The unified processing of the material of low side (being the plastic plate of copper-stripping after fully etc.).Also have light material such as dust, the plastics etc. of part, then be pumped to the another one cyclone separator by vibratory sieve another one suction opeing and process, enter at last pulse dust collector and tail gas tower.
Equipment connection:
Breaker mounting hood on the single-shaft shredder, one-level belt conveyer convey materials are to the single-shaft shredder feeding mouth, and hood overflows single-shaft shredder for preventing material; Material is through after tearing up, and size＜single-shaft shredder screen cloth falls into the second belt transporter by the second belt feed hopper; Material is transported to together by intermediate belt by the non-ferrous metal that vortex sorting machine sorts out; The material of vortex sorting machine passes through three grades of Belt Conveyings to hammer crusher, consider the operation logic of hammer crusher, need with installing, ad hocly between three grades of belts and hammer crusher counted feeding hole of pulverizer (prevent that material from flying out from the hammer leaf feeding mouth, even be splashed to belt feeder outside) and be flexible coupling (being conducive to the field erected facility of installation personnel); Also be flexible coupling (materiel fan is vibrating mass, and hard connection will cause device damage) between beater disintegrating machine discharging opening and the materiel fan; Materiel fan is transported to outer grader by pipe; Outer grader drops to vibratory sieve by star-like discharger with material; Dust and impurity are adsorbed onto pulse dust collector by pipeline by dedusting fan; Dedusting fan advance outlet all for being flexible coupling; The material of vibratory sieve low side blanking port is transported to the second hammer crusher by conveying worm.
Above-mentioned one-level belt conveyer enters the single-shaft crusher place broken hood, prevent that material from dropping, single-shaft shredder is connected material receiving port to connect with second belt, vortex sorting machine with are connected a grade belt and have material receiving port to connect, three grades of belts have feeding hole of pulverizer to be connected with being connected with the first beater disintegrating machine, between beater disintegrating machine and the materiel fan for being flexible coupling, pipeline connects by DN Hand-operated butterfly valve controlled wind speed between outer grader and the cyclone separator, and the entrance and exit of dedusting fan is all for being flexible coupling.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, described first, second beater disintegrating machine, its structure is: install and fix casing at base, feed hopper is connected with casing, and main shaft is installed in the casing, and hammer leaf is installed on the main shaft, bottom half also is connected with a cavity, between cavity and casing, be provided with the drawer type screen cloth, cavity by pipeline with take out the material blower fan be connected, take out the material blower fan be connected with discharging opening; The described drawer type screen cloth that arranges between cavity and casing is: casing is provided with gathering sill, and the screen cloth support casing is contained on the gathering sill and the screen cloth support can move back and forth, and screen cloth is fixed on the screen cloth support, and motor is by belt pulley, belt connection for transmission main shaft; Have liner plate on the described casing, have groove on the liner plate, the groove on the liner plate is parallel with main shaft; Described screen cloth axle center is concentric with spindle axis; Described casing is divided into upper box and lower box, and lower box is fixedly connected with base, and upper box is connected with feed hopper.
Described single-shaft shredder, its structure is: mounted motor on frame, reductor, main shaft, Hydraulic Station, feed hopper, broken casing, motor passes through belt, belt pulley connection for transmission reductor, reductor output connects main shaft, main shaft places in the broken casing, the multi-disc moving knife is installed on the main shaft, become cutter and roll main shaft, broken box inside is mounted with the multi-disc stationary knife, broken lower box is equipped with screen cloth, and feed hopper is connected UNICOM with broken casing top, also is provided with dust-exhausting port on the broken casing one terminal frame, frame is provided with gathering sill, and the material pushing box in the broken casing is connected by oil cylinder by Hydraulic Station and pushes back moving at gathering sill; The charging adjustable plate is installed on the feed hopper; Also be fixedly connected with ash collection slot on the frame.
Claims (4)
1. a waste and old processing method with component circuit board is: waste and old band component circuit board is not treated directly to be delivered to single-shaft shredder by the one-level belt conveyer, after tearing up, fall the second belt transporter by screen cloth, on the second belt transporter self-unloading type deferrization device is installed, magnetic bodies and ordinary material are separated, magnetic bodies focuses in addition, ordinary material is continued to carry by the second belt transporter, the permanent magnetic pulley of second belt transporter discharging opening again sorts out the magnetic bodies in the material in addition and focuses on, rest materials is delivered to vortex sorting machine, vortex sorting machine is separated nonferrous metal from material, and go out otherwise processed by the intergrade Belt Conveying, other material is delivered to the first beater disintegrating machine by three grades of belt conveyers and is pulverized, copper and material are peeled off, material drops out through the beater disintegrating machine screen cloth, is pumped to the first outer grader by the first materiel fan; Minute stage material of the first outer grader is divided into two the tunnel: the material that the first via is light is taken away from the first outer grader upper end, enters the first cyclone separator, the first pulse dust collector, tail gas tower purified treatment; The slightly heavy powder of the second tunnel first outer grader drops on the airstream vibration sieve through star-like discharger, through airstream vibration screening choosing, the high-purity copper powder is discharged by airstream vibration sieve high port and is reclaimed, the material of low side is then delivered to the second beater disintegrating machine through conveying worm and is pulverized, copper and material are peeled off, material after the second beater disintegrating machine is pulverized is after screen cloth drops out, be evacuated to the second outer grader by the second materiel fan, light material is taken away from the second outer grader upper end, enters the second cyclone separator, the second pulse dust collector, tail gas tower purified treatment; The slightly heavy substance of the second outer grader drops on the vibratory sieve through star-like discharger, and through the vibratory sieve sorting, the high-purity copper powder is unified to be reclaimed.
2. waste and old treatment facility with component circuit board, it is characterized in that: comprise that one-level belt conveyer, single-shaft shredder, second belt transporter, vortex sorting machine, three grades of belt conveyers, the first beater disintegrating machine, the first materiel fan, the first outer grader, the first cyclone separator, the first pulse dust collector, tail gas towers connect successively, at the second belt transporter self-unloading type deferrization device is installed, at second belt transporter discharging opening permanent magnetic pulley is installed, is connected with the intergrade belt in the outlet of the nonferrous metal of vortex sorting machine; The first outer grader also connects the conveying worm input, the conveying worm output connects the second beater disintegrating machine, and the second beater disintegrating machine, the second materiel fan, the second outer grader, the second cyclone separator, the second pulse dust collector, tail gas tower connect successively.
3. waste and old treatment facility with component circuit board according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described first, second outer grader structure is identical, the first outer grader bottom is equipped with star-like discharger, and star-like discharger below is equipped with the airstream vibration sieve, and the airstream vibration sieve is 1000 types; The second outer grader bottom is equipped with star-like discharger, and star-like discharger below is equipped with vibratory sieve, and vibratory sieve is the FQ45120 type.
4. waste and old treatment facility with component circuit board according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the screen cloth mesh Φ 2.5mm of described the first beater disintegrating machine, the screen cloth mesh Φ 1.5mm of the second beater disintegrating machine.
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| CN2012103933726A CN102896139A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Method and equipment for processing waste circuit boards with components |
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| CN103464284A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 宜昌力帝环保机械有限公司 | Device and method for sorting of nonferrous metals in fine-grain waste material |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |