CN106098033B

CN106098033B - Pan flute

Info

Publication number: CN106098033B
Application number: CN201610632518.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖力群
Original assignee: Chongqing Skylark Music Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Skylark Music Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-04
Filing date: 2016-08-04
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-04
Also published as: CN106098033A

Abstract

The invention discloses a panpipe, which comprises a sound pipe and a blowing nozzle, wherein the sound pipe is a plurality of sound pipes which are fixed side by side, and the blowing nozzles of the plurality of sound pipes are positioned at the same end; the blowing nozzle is of a strip-shaped block structure matched with the side-by-side length of the plurality of sound tubes, is fixedly arranged on the sound tubes and is in an inclined shape with the lower end pointing to the blowing nozzle; the blowing nozzle is provided with a blowing through hole in a penetrating way between the upper end face and the lower end face in the self-inclined direction; the number of the air blowing through holes is equal to that of the plurality of sound tubes, and the air blowing through holes are distributed along the length direction of the blowing nozzle and correspond to the blowing openings of each sound tube one by one; the method is characterized in that: the outer side surface of the blowing nozzle in the length direction is respectively provided with a convex structure formed by convex formation at the position corresponding to each blowing through hole. The panpipe has simple and reasonable structure, and can quickly and accurately find out the phonemes and the optimal playing points of the music to be played; the blown tone color has good co-fusion property; the difficulty of playing and learning is reduced without the need of oral wind training; the player can play the music after the music is contained.

Description

Pan flute

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of wind instruments, and particularly relates to a panpipe.

Background

Vertical bamboo flute is a wind instrument with long history, and panpipe (also called as 'panpipe') is a musical instrument derived on the basis of inheriting the traditional vertical bamboo flute. The panpipe is characterized in that a plurality of sound pipes made of the same material are combined into an integral musical instrument in a bonding, binding or frame fixing mode, and the inside of the sound pipes is blocked by beeswax or cork; when in playing, the air flow slides over the mouthpiece to strike the inner tube wall at the opposite side, the air flow vibrates in the inner cavity of the sound tube to generate musical tones, and the vibration frequency of the air flow is different due to different vibration periods of the air flow in the sound tube due to different positions of the beeswax and the cork, so that different tones (musical tones) are generated.

At present, the invention patent with publication number CN103208276B discloses a flute structure with a "mouthpiece", the flute comprises 8-30 sound tubes, each sound tube is internally plugged with a flute plug, the front lower part of the sound tube is provided with a sound tube connecting edge, the sound tube connecting edge is connected with a mouthpiece, the mouthpiece comprises an airflow channel and a mouthpiece connecting edge, and the invention is characterized in that: the sound pipe is connected and is equipped with a plurality of circular cone type open slots that set up side by side in the limit, and the blowing nozzle is connected and is equipped with a plurality of circular cone type bolts with circular cone type open slot assorted, and the upper surface front end edge department of sound pipe is connected the limit is equipped with shallow boss, and shallow boss flushes with the lower limb of the gas outlet of blowing nozzle, and the front end edge of sound pipe is higher than shallow boss, is equipped with shrink arc cone on the front end upper inner wall of sound pipe. The structure of the blowing nozzle adopted by the flute can ensure the relative position relationship between the blowing direction and the blowing nozzle and ensure the flow direction of air flow, thereby reducing the blowing difficulty and being more convenient for blowing use or study. However, the flute has the following disadvantages:

because, in the process of blowing, the lips are required to continuously move along the length direction of the blowing nozzle, namely, the sound tubes corresponding to all notes are required to be switched; in addition, the outer side surface (for fitting with lips, i.e. "buccal part") of the mouthpiece structure of the flute is a planar structure. Therefore, the structure of the mouthpiece is not easy to judge whether the lips are right opposite to the mouthpiece of the single sound tube, and the lips are easy to slide along the mouthpiece and then are positioned between the two sound tubes, so that air flow blown out by the mouthpiece enters the two sound tubes, and inaccurate or wrong pronunciation is caused.

Based on the above, the applicant considers designing a panpipe which is easy to judge whether lips are right opposite to the mouth opening of a single sound tube, promotes the playing pronunciation to be more accurate and ensures the playing effect better.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: how to provide a panpipe which can easily judge whether lips are right opposite to a mouthpiece of a single sound tube, promote playing pronunciation to be more accurate and better ensure playing effect.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a panpipe comprises a sound pipe and a blowing nozzle, wherein the sound pipe is a plurality of sound pipes which are fixed side by side, and the blowing nozzles of the plurality of sound pipes are positioned at the same end; the blowing nozzle is of a strip-shaped block structure matched with the side-by-side length of the plurality of sound tubes, is fixedly arranged on the sound tubes and is in an inclined shape, and the lower end of the blowing nozzle points to the blowing nozzle; the blowing nozzle is provided with a blowing through hole in a penetrating manner between the upper end face and the lower end face in the self-inclined direction; the number of the air blowing through holes is equal to that of the plurality of sound tubes, and the air blowing through holes are distributed along the length direction of the blowing nozzle and correspond to the blowing openings of each sound tube one by one; the method is characterized in that: the outer side surface of the blowing nozzle in the length direction is provided with convex structures formed by protruding outwards at positions corresponding to the blowing through holes.

When the panpipe is used, the outer side surface of the blowing through hole in the length direction of the blowing nozzle is provided with the convex structure formed by protruding outwards, so that the structural strength of the blowing nozzle can be enhanced through the convex structure; and during playing, the lips move on the blowing nozzle and can touch the convex structures at the positions of the blowing through holes, so that whether the mouth is right opposite to the blowing mouth of the single sound tube or not is determined through the touch, the playing pronunciation is more accurate, and the playing effect is better ensured.

In addition, the lips are required to continuously move back and forth along the length direction of the blowing nozzle in the blowing process, namely, the sound tubes corresponding to all notes are required to be switched; and because the outer side surface (for fitting with lips, namely 'buccal part') of the mouthpiece structure of the flute in the prior art in the length direction is a plane structure. Therefore, when the existing mouthpiece structure is adopted for playing, the lips are in surface contact with the mouthpiece, so that saliva which can play a lubricating role after a plurality of notes are played is consumed, friction resistance is suddenly increased, and the lips on the mouthpiece are caused to be 'dragged' and not moved, and playing difficulty is increased.

When the panpipe is used for playing, the upper lip and the lower lip contained on the blowing nozzle can slightly and outwardly stretch to touch the top of the convex structure when the lips move on the blowing nozzle, so that whether the lips reach the corresponding sound tube positions can be accurately and rapidly judged; meanwhile, the contact area between the lips and the blowing nozzle in the moving process of the lips on the blowing nozzle can be reduced, and the friction resistance is greatly reduced, so that the playing of the panpipe becomes smoother, natural, desirable and beautiful in tone.

Preferably, the protruding structure is a spherical crown-shaped protrusion.

The spherical crown-shaped bulge has smooth surface, small resistance and obvious touch feeling after the lips are contacted with the spherical crown-shaped bulge, so that the lips can be helped to judge whether the spherical crown-shaped bulge is opposite to the mouthpiece of the single sound tube or not more quickly and accurately. In addition, compared with the planar type mouthpiece structure in the prior art, the convex structure of the mouthpiece of the panpipe can enable the lips to be in point contact with the mouthpiece when moving on the mouthpiece, so that friction resistance is greatly reduced, the planar mouthpiece in the prior art is well overcome, saliva is consumed when a plurality of notes are played by the lips and the mouthpiece, friction resistance is suddenly increased, and the generated dragging is difficult to play. So that the performance becomes smooth, natural, desirable and beautiful.

In addition, in the case of the optical fiber,

preferably, the protrusion structure is a protrusion extending in an oblique direction of the mouthpiece, and a vertical cross-section of the protrusion in a longitudinal direction thereof is an arc structure having a high middle and a low two sides.

When the protruding structure is behind the above-mentioned sand grip, the lip when moving on the blowing nozzle, contain the upper and lower lip on the blowing nozzle can slightly open to only the slight touching in lip and protruding structure's top, because of protruding structure is above-mentioned sand grip, so for be the line contact between lip and the protruding structure, when reducing frictional resistance, can make the sense of touch after lip and contact more obvious with it, thereby better help lip location and accurate pronunciation.

Preferably, any one of the outer side surfaces of the blowing nozzle in the length direction is provided with the convex structure.

In this way, the raised structure on the mouthpiece can be touched by the single-sided lip (upper or lower) to quickly determine if the mouth is aligned with a single sound tube.

Preferably, the two outer side surfaces of the blowing nozzle in the length direction are both provided with the convex structures.

After the convex structure is arranged in the mode, the friction resistance between the upper lip and the lower lip when the upper lip and the lower lip move on the blowing nozzle can be obviously reduced, so that the playing of the panpipe becomes smooth, natural, desirable and attractive in tone.

In addition, when the combination protruding structure is the convex strip, the lip on the blowing nozzle can be helped to form an O-shaped air outlet hole (the existing blowing nozzle can enable the lip to form a thin strip-shaped air outlet hole), so that air blowing can be more favorably aligned to a single air blowing through hole to blow, and the performance is smooth, natural, desirable and attractive in tone.

Preferably, the panpipes are double-row panpipes fixedly connected together.

Compared with the existing single panpipe, when the double panpipe adopts the twelve-tone pitch arrangement identical to that of a piano keyboard, the method has the following advantages: the musical instrument has complete phonemes, twelve tones can be played, and the musical instrument has good tone color co-fusion property, so that the defects of imperfect phonemic structure and poor tone color co-fusion property of the traditional Chinese musical instrument are overcome well; and the range is wide and can reach four to five octaves.

Preferably, the panpipe further comprises a connecting block for fixedly connecting the double panpipes together; the connecting block is provided with a limiting groove for parallel insertion and limiting of the side ends of the double-row vertical bamboo flute, and at least one connecting block is sleeved at two side ends of the double-row vertical bamboo flute in the length direction.

The structure of fixing the double vertical bamboo flute by adopting the connecting block is more convenient for separately producing the panpipe and the connecting block, and the double vertical bamboo flute is more convenient and quicker to assemble.

Preferably, the panpipe further comprises a tuning structure, the tuning structure comprises adjusting rods, the adjusting rods are equal to the sound tubes in number and correspond to the sound tubes one by one, the upper end of each adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the lower end of a sound plug in the corresponding sound tube, and the lower end of each adjusting rod is an adjusting end.

Because existing wind instruments such as bamboo flute, sheng (high, medium pitch, chinese character), suona (high, medium pitch, etc.), tube and bass throat, bawu, vertical bamboo flute, xun, etc. are all individualised and sound is difficult to blend (see Wu Xiao. Research on problem of acoustic fusion of American orchestra and Chinese ethnic orchestra, 2010, 12 months: 11 pages). Therefore, "how to bring prominent national personality sounds in instruments or instrument sets in an national orchestra into an western orchestra" is a worldwide problem that we are now on going to study (see, wu Xiao, study on the fusion problem of western orchestra and chinese national orchestra, 2010, 12 months: page 1).

Further, because the musical instrument is the basis of acoustic fusion, the processing of musical instruments in performance of the symphony band is a very complex task (see Wu Xiao, study on acoustic fusion problems of American orchestra and Chinese national orchestra, 2010, 12 months: 17 pages). The shape and structure of musical instruments (including panpipe), the position of sound holes, tension variation and air humidity are all related to sound level. In the wind instrument, although the pipe body is slightly elongated due to the rising air temperature, the air pressure is reduced, the sound velocity is increased, and the frequency is increased (according to actual measurement, the sound of the wind instrument can be increased by 3 sound minutes every 10 ℃ of the air temperature), so that the problem of quickly and accurately adjusting the sound level of the wind instrument is a technical problem in the prior art.

After the tuning structure is arranged, the pitch can be conveniently and quickly adjusted at any time, so that the tuning structure has the function of quickly and accurately integrating the music band into the uniform playing (because the music band playing needs the highly uniform pitch), and the defects of long tuning time and low speed of the traditional panpipe are overcome; the panpipe is enabled to be integrated into the playing of the band, and the playing is impossible or impossible, and the playing is completely possible.

Preferably, the whole adjusting rod is of a cylindrical structure, and a convex column is formed on the outer side surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod in a protruding mode;

the tuning structure further comprises a rotary sleeve and a fixed sleeve, wherein the rotary sleeve and the fixed sleeve are of a circular sleeve structure, and the outer diameter of the rotary sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the sound tube; the side surface of the rotary sleeve is provided with an axially extending strip-shaped guide hole; the side surface of the fixed sleeve in the circumferential direction is provided with a strip-shaped hole which extends along the axial direction and is spiral;

the rotary sleeve is sleeved on the adjusting rod in a sliding manner, the fixed sleeve is sleeved on the rotary sleeve in a sliding manner, and the convex column of the adjusting rod penetrates through the guide hole and the strip-shaped hole; the upper end of the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the adjacent sound tube, and the lower end of the rotary sleeve is exposed outside the fixed sleeve and forms a rotary adjusting end.

Above-mentioned tuning structure including rotatory sleeve and fixed sleeve will be through the displacement of rotatory regulation end control regulation pole to with great rotatory regulation end rotation volume conversion less regulation pole displacement volume, make adjust the pole and have the fine setting function, also make the tuning of panpipe more accurate convenient.

The tuning structure not only can quickly and accurately adjust the tone of any tone tube, but also can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of music and the adjustment of the needed music, for example, when playing a music in the moment of the tattletale, the B tone in the tone scale of the C tone can be adjusted to be the B tone, so that the tone scale of the G tone is changed into the tone scale of the G tone: double flute playing with the invention

In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,

middle->

And->

The lip is not required to jump back and forth in the double-row vertical bamboo flute (the back and forth switching between the two vertical bamboo flute is not required), so that the playing becomes smooth and natural.

In addition, the tuning structure can quickly and conveniently adjust the pitch of any sound tube, so that the panpipe can achieve the effect that only an electronic organ can play according to the requirement of music, any tone scale (namely, C tone scale) can be changed into white key tone scale at will, and meanwhile, the function of playing temporary lifting sound is reserved.

Preferably, the sound tube is made of any one of nontoxic hard plastic, metal or wood.

The material of the sound tube is combined with the mouthpiece structure of the panpipe, so that the blowing is more gentle and uniform, thereby leading the sound tube to emit beautiful tone, simultaneously, the blown tone has good co-fusion property, and the defects of strong tone individuality and poor band fusion property of the traditional Chinese musical instrument (such as bamboo flute, cable, urheen, three strings, banhu and the like) can be overcome.

The panpipe has simple and reasonable structure, and can quickly and accurately find out the phonemes and the optimal playing points of the music to be played during playing; the blown tone color has good co-fusion property; and the difficulty of playing and learning is reduced without the need of oral wind training; the player can play when the player is contained; suitable for playing as a learning instrument or as a band.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pan flute (sixteen sound tube) according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the pan flute of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view (front view) of a mouthpiece of the pan flute of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view (rear view) of a mouthpiece of the pan flute of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a pan flute (twenty-four sound tube) according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a tuning structure of a panpipe according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an exploded view of a tuning structure of the panpipe of the present invention.

Marked in the figure as: 1 sound pipe, 2 blowing nozzle, 3 blowing through hole, 4 sand grip, 5 connecting block, 6 sound stopper, 7 regulation pole, 8 projection, 9 rotatory sleeve, 10 fixed sleeve.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein descriptive terms such as up, down, left, right, etc. are employed for descriptive purposes to aid the reader and are not intended to be limiting.

The specific implementation method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1 to 9, a panpipe comprises a sound tube 1 and a mouthpiece 2, wherein the sound tube 1 is a plurality of sound tubes fixed side by side, and the mouthpieces of the sound tubes 1 are positioned at the same end; the number of the blowing nozzles 2 is one, the blowing nozzles 2 are of strip-shaped block structures matched with the parallel lengths of the sound tubes 1, and the blowing nozzles 2 are fixedly arranged on the sound tubes 1 and are in an inclined shape with the lower ends pointing to the blowing nozzles; the blowing nozzle 2 is provided with a blowing through hole 3 in a penetrating manner between the upper end face and the lower end face in the self-inclined direction; the number of the air blowing through holes 3 is equal to that of the plurality of sound tubes 1, and the air blowing through holes are distributed along the length direction of the blowing nozzle 2 and correspond to the blowing mouths of the sound tubes 1 one by one; the outer side surface of the blowing nozzle 2 in the length direction is respectively provided with a convex structure formed by protruding outwards at the position corresponding to each blowing through hole 3.

Remarks: the convex structure of the pan flute mouthpiece 2 of the present invention is used for players to judge whether the mouth is right opposite to the single sound tube 1, and the "moving sound finding" is the basic skill required by the pan flute players (see various "pan flute teaching" data for learning), and will not be described in detail herein.

In practice, the space of the air blowing through hole 3 is preferably tapered with a large upper part and a small lower part. Thus, the air flow and the air flow speed blown out through the air blowing through holes 3 are more beneficial to improving, so that the air flow entering the sound tube 1 through the air blowing port can be impacted with the inner wall of the sound tube 1 more quickly to sound, and the tone is more beautiful.

In practice, the height of the raised structures in the outward convex direction is preferably 1 to 6 mm. In this way not only material is saved but also the mouthpiece 2 with a raised structure is made more convenient to buccal.

The protruding structure is a protruding strip 4 extending along the oblique direction of the blowing nozzle 2, and the vertical section shape of the protruding strip 4 in the length direction is an arc structure with high middle and low two sides.

Wherein, the two outer side surfaces of the blowing nozzle 2 in the length direction are both provided with the convex structures.

Wherein, the panpipe is a double-row panpipe which is fixedly connected together.

Wherein, the panpipe also comprises a connecting block 5 for fixedly connecting the double panpipes together; the connecting block 5 is provided with a limiting groove for parallel insertion and limiting of the side ends of the double-row vertical bamboo flute, and two side ends of the double-row vertical bamboo flute in the length direction are sleeved with one connecting block 5.

In implementation, the whole connecting block 5 is preferably in a strip-shaped groove structure, and the groove ends of the two ends of the connecting block 5 in the length direction are fixedly provided with limiting end plates, and the limiting end plates are provided with two notches for the side ends of the double flute to be inserted in parallel and limited; the limiting end plate and the notch structure of the connecting block 5 jointly form the limiting groove. Therefore, the connecting block 5 has the advantages of simpler structure, less manufacturing materials and lighter whole; the outer side surface of the connecting block 5 can also form a holding part, so that the holding is more convenient during playing.

The panpipe further comprises a tuning structure, the tuning structure comprises adjusting rods 7, the adjusting rods 7 are equal to the sound tubes 1 in number and correspond to each other one by one, the upper end of each adjusting rod 7 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the corresponding sound plug 6 in the sound tube 1, and the lower end is an adjusting end.

Remarks: the tuning is measured by a tuning instrument, and the tuning instrument and the using method thereof are all in the prior art and are not described herein.

Wherein, the whole adjusting rod 7 is in a cylindrical structure, and a convex column 8 is formed on the outer side surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod 7 in a convex manner;

the tuning structure further comprises a rotary sleeve 9 and a fixed sleeve 10, wherein the rotary sleeve 9 and the fixed sleeve 10 are of a circular sleeve structure, and the outer diameter of the rotary sleeve 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sound tube 1; the side surface of the rotary sleeve 9 is provided with an axially extending strip-shaped guide hole; the side surface of the fixed sleeve 10 in the circumferential direction is provided with a strip-shaped hole which extends along the axial direction and is spiral;

the rotary sleeve 9 is in sliding sleeve connection with the adjusting rod 7, the fixed sleeve 10 is in sliding sleeve connection with the rotary sleeve 9, and the convex column 8 of the adjusting rod 7 penetrates through the guide hole and the strip-shaped hole; the upper end of the fixed sleeve 10 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the adjacent sound tube 1, and the lower end of the rotary sleeve 9 is exposed outside the fixed sleeve 10 and forms a rotary adjusting end.

In practice, the following structure can be adopted to realize the fixed connection between the fixed sleeve 10 and the sound tube 1: the outer diameter of the circular sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the sound tube 1 and smaller than the outer diameter of the sound tube 1, the upper end of the circular sleeve is provided with external threads, and the lower end of the sound tube 1 is provided with a step hole connected with the threads at the upper end of the cylindrical sleeve.

In addition, in practice, it is preferable that the protruding columns 8 and the corresponding guide holes and bar-shaped holes are at least two (as shown in fig. 9) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the corresponding member, respectively. This makes the movement of the adjustment lever 7 smoother.

Wherein, the sound tube 1 is made of any one material of nontoxic hard plastic, metal or wood.

In specific implementation, the sound tube 1 of the panpipe can be made of any one of ebony, sandalwood, rosewood, cherry wood, snake grain wood, acid wood, ceramic, glass, carbon fiber, glass fiber, acrylic, ABS plastic, copper tube or steel tube.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that it is possible for a person skilled in the art to make several variations and modifications without departing from the technical solution, which should likewise be regarded as falling within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A panpipe comprises a sound pipe and a blowing nozzle, wherein the sound pipe is a plurality of sound pipes which are fixed side by side, and the blowing nozzles of the plurality of sound pipes are positioned at the same end; the blowing nozzle is of a strip-shaped block structure matched with the side-by-side length of the plurality of sound tubes, is fixedly arranged on the sound tubes and is in an inclined shape, and the lower end of the blowing nozzle points to the blowing nozzle; the blowing nozzle is provided with a blowing through hole in a penetrating manner between the upper end face and the lower end face in the self-inclined direction; the number of the air blowing through holes is equal to that of the plurality of sound tubes, and the air blowing through holes are distributed along the length direction of the blowing nozzle and correspond to the blowing openings of each sound tube one by one; the method is characterized in that: the outer side surface of the blowing nozzle in the length direction is provided with convex structures formed by protruding outwards at positions corresponding to the blowing through holes respectively;

the convex structure is a convex strip extending along the oblique direction of the blowing nozzle, and the vertical section shape of the convex strip in the length direction is an arc structure with high middle and low two sides;

any one outer side surface or two outer side surfaces of the blowing nozzle in the length direction are provided with the protruding structures.

2. The pan flute according to claim 1, wherein: the panpipe is a double-row panpipe which is fixedly connected together.

3. The pan flute according to claim 2, wherein: the connecting block is used for fixedly connecting the double vertical bamboo flute together; the connecting block is provided with a limiting groove for parallel insertion and limiting of the side ends of the double-row vertical bamboo flute, and at least one connecting block is sleeved at two side ends of the double-row vertical bamboo flute in the length direction.

4. The pan flute according to claim 1, wherein: still include tuning structure, tuning structure includes the regulation pole, adjust pole and the equal and one-to-one of number of sound pipe, and the upper end of every regulation pole links firmly with the lower extreme of the interior sound stopper of corresponding sound pipe, and the lower extreme is the regulation end.

5. The pan flute according to claim 4, wherein: the whole adjusting rod is of a cylindrical structure, and a convex column is formed on the outer side surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod in a protruding mode;

6. The pan flute according to claim 1, wherein: the sound tube is made of any one of nontoxic hard plastic, metal or wood.