CN106075302A - 一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,它由以下重量份数的原料制成:天花粉10‑50份,黄柏8‑30份,大黄5‑30份,姜黄5‑30份,白芷5‑30份,厚朴3‑20份,陈皮3‑20份,甘草3‑20份,苍术3‑20份,天南星3‑20份。本发明还公开了该中药外用制剂的制备方法。本发明能消肿止痛,降低炎症,用于治疗急性关节炎,具有疗效好,副作用少,起效快等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂。
背景技术
关节炎是关节滑膜组织的感染和非感染性炎症,通常表现为关节部位的肿胀(滑膜腔积液)、疼痛和关节活动障碍。比较常见的关节炎为风湿性、类风湿性、痛风性、外伤性、骨性关节炎及化脓性关节炎。急性关节炎表现为关节、骨骼以及软组织的疼痛、肿胀、关节功能障碍、发热。不同于慢性炎症,急性关节炎具有起病急、疼痛指数高等特点,临床表现为患者关节红、肿、痛、热,并有功能障碍及全身发热等症状。
目前对该病尚缺乏有效的根治方法,镇痛、消炎、缓解症状是治疗该病的首要目的,广泛使用的非甾体抗炎药却常引发严重的副作用。而中医中药的辩证论治、整体调治、毒副作用小等优势已被广为接受。中医药历经几千年的临床实践,对本病的认识积累了丰富的经验,在缓解疼痛、防止复发及降低毒副作用等方面与西医相比具有较大的优势。但是,现有治疗急性关节炎的中药多为内服药,仍具有一定的副作用,而极少数的外用制剂又存在抗炎效果差,吸收速度慢等缺点,不能及时缓解症状,减轻患者的痛苦。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题,提供一种疗效好,副作用少,起效快的治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂。
本发明所提供的中药外用制剂由以下重量份数的原料制成:天花粉10-50份,黄柏8-30份,大黄5-30份,姜黄5-30份,白芷5-30份,厚朴3-20份,陈皮3-20份,甘草3-20份,苍术3-20份,天南星3-20份。
优选地,所述原料的重量份数为:天花粉15-25份,黄柏8-12份,大黄8-12份,姜黄8-12份,白芷8-12份,厚朴5-10份,陈皮5-10份,甘草5-10份,苍术5-10份,天南星5-10份。
最佳地,所述原料的重量份数为:天花粉20份,黄柏10份,大黄10份,姜黄10份,白芷10份,厚朴8份,陈皮8份,甘草8份,苍术8份,天南星8份。
动物试验表明:本发明能降低大鼠实验性软组织损伤的损伤症候指数,使肿胀消退,皮肤瘀斑减少,促进病灶部位的恢复;能降低PGE2和IL-1β的含量,减轻炎症反应;能快速减轻乙酸刺激和热板所致的小鼠疼痛。证明对急性关节炎具有很好的治疗效果。
上述原料按常规的药剂学方法可以制成适合临床使用的任何一种外用剂型,如软膏剂、凝胶剂、乳膏剂、贴剂等,当然,在制剂的过程中还需加入适量的辅料,根据所需的剂型选择适当的辅料是本领域技术人员都能掌握的常规技术。
与口服制剂相比,外用药不经过胃肠道吸收,避免了首过效应,作用部位集中,因此有效性和安全性更好。
本发明优选的剂型为巴布膏,与其它外用剂型相比,该剂型具有载药量大,透皮吸收效果好,起效速度快,使用方便等优点。
本发明还提供了一种所述巴布膏的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
1)将份数取所述原料,用水煎煮提取,收集提取液,浓缩成浸膏后减压干燥并粉粹成细粉;
2)将步骤1)中的细粉与巴布膏基质混合,50-80℃水浴搅拌0.5-3小时,然后快速涂抹于无纺布上,室温放置5-15小时,密封包装,即得。
优选地,所述巴布膏基质由以下重量配比的成分组成:
优选地,所述细粉与巴布膏基质的重量比为1∶5-15。最优的比例为1∶8。
优选地,步骤1)中所述的用水煎煮提取,是将所述原料用5-10倍重量的水煎煮1-4次,每次煎煮时间为0.5-2小时。最佳的提取方式是:将所述原料用8倍重量的水煎煮2次,每次煎煮时间为1小时。
上述制备方法的优点是:
1)提取效率高,药物活性成分含量高,杂质少,提取物的分子大小适当,透皮吸收效果好。
2)基质稳定性好,药物储存时间长;基质能进一步促进药物活性成分的透皮吸收,从而提高疗效,缩短起效时间。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明进行详细的说明。
实施例1
一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,它由以下原料制成:
天花粉20g,黄柏10g,大黄10g,姜黄10g,白芷10g,厚朴8g,陈皮8g,甘草8g,苍术8g,天南星8g。
制备方法如下:
1)将天花粉等10味,用8倍重量的水煎煮2次,每次1小时,收集提取液,浓缩成浸膏后减压干燥并粉粹成细粉;
2)将步骤1)中的细粉与巴布膏基质按1∶8的质量比混合,60℃水浴搅拌1小时,然后快速涂抹于无纺布上,室温放置8小时,密封包装,即得。
所述巴布膏基质由以下重量配比的成分组成:
先将CMC-Na用部分水溶胀,然后与其它成分混合,搅匀,即可制成巴布膏基质。
功能主治:祛风除湿、消肿定痛、舒筋活络,用于风寒湿痹引起的肢体疼痛、红肿等症,包括风湿、类风湿性关节炎、腰椎间盘突出、颈椎病、坐骨神经痛、肩周炎等,对急性关节炎的疗效最佳。
用法用量:贴于患处,每日早、晚两次,每次一贴。
实施例2
一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,它由以下原料制成:
天花粉10g,黄柏8g,大黄5g,姜黄5g,白芷5g,厚朴3g,陈皮3g,甘草3g,苍术3g,天南星3g
制备方法如下:
1)将天花粉等10味,用5倍重量的水煎煮4次,每次0.5小时,收集提取液,浓缩成浸膏后减压干燥并粉粹成细粉;
2)将步骤1)中的细粉与巴布膏基质按1∶5的质量比混合,50℃水浴搅拌3小时,然后快速涂抹于无纺布上,室温放置5小时,密封包装,即得。
所述巴布膏基质由以下重量配比的成分组成:
实施例3
一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,它由以下原料制成:
天花粉50份,黄柏30份,大黄30份,姜黄30份,白芷30份,厚朴20份,陈皮20份,甘草20份,苍术20份,天南星20份。
制备方法如下:
1)将天花粉等10味,用10倍重量的水煎煮1次,煎煮时间为2小时,收集提取液,浓缩成浸膏后减压干燥并粉粹成细粉;
2)将步骤1)中的细粉与巴布膏基质按1∶15的质量比混合,80℃水浴搅拌0.5小时,然后快速涂抹于无纺布上,室温放置15小时,密封包装,即得。
所述巴布膏基质由以下重量配比的成分组成:
实施例4
一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,它由以下原料制成:
天花粉25份,黄柏12份,大黄12份,姜黄8份,白芷8份,厚朴5份,陈皮5份,甘草10份,苍术10份,天南星5份。
制备方法如下:
1)将天花粉等10味,用6倍重量的水煎煮3次,煎煮时间为1小时,收集提取液,浓缩成浸膏后减压干燥并粉粹成细粉;
2)将步骤1)中的细粉与巴布膏基质按1∶10的质量比混合,70℃水浴搅拌2小时,然后快速涂抹于无纺布上,室温放置10小时,密封包装,即得。
所述巴布膏基质由以下重量配比的成分组成:
实施例5本发明药物对大鼠实验性软组织损伤的治疗作用
将SD大鼠造成局部急性软组织损伤模型,然后分为模型组、空白赋形剂组、扶他林组、本发明实施例1组,每组20只,再取10只已经去毛且未造模的大鼠做为空白对照组。造模当天开始给药,各组以打击部位为中心,涂抹对应药物,以覆盖受损部位为度,并用纱布和透气胶布固定给药1次/d,连续每日给药至造模后7d,每日给药后4h,去除药物。
(1)观察损伤症候指数
于造模后1d、4d、7d,观察大鼠受伤部位肿胀和皮下瘀血等症候表现,并做评分,结果见表1。
表1不同治疗对大鼠软组织损伤症候指数的影响
大鼠造模后伤肢出现瘀斑、肿胀等情况,造模后24h伤势最严重,然后逐渐减轻。第一天,给药组与模型组、空白赋形剂组比较伤肢症候指数评分无统计学差异,各组伤肢受损情况基本一致。在第四天,肿胀部分消退,皮肤瘀斑减少,本发明给药组、扶他林组损伤症候指数均比模型组和空白赋形剂组低,提示瘀斑和肿胀恢复程度较模型、空白赋形剂组好。在第七天,大鼠伤肢肿胀、瘀斑基本消退,仅部分有少量瘀斑,本发明药物组、扶他林组与模型组、空白赋形剂组比较有显著性差异,提示瘀斑和肿胀恢复程度较模型好。
(2)组织形态学观察
光学显微镜下×100视野,观察各组皮肤、肌肉病理变化,可知造模后第1天,各试验组病理变化程度相近,可见肌纤维裂隙增宽,水肿形成,被损伤的横纹肌纤维扭曲或断裂,肌横纹模糊、消失或坏死,肌纤维内出现炎性细胞浸润,肌纤维间有出血形成。
伤后第4天局部皮下组织水肿稍有减轻,镜下出血和血肿部分吸收,可见炎性肉芽肿、血管增生,肌纤维中可见炎性细胞浸润,部分坏死肌纤维由新生的纤维结缔组织替代。本发明给药组、扶他林组较模型组瘀血、水肿、炎性细胞浸润等病理变化程度轻,空白赋形剂组与模型组病理变化接近。
伤后第7天创伤病灶,肌肉创伤部位大量纤维结缔组织增生,形成瘢痕组织,血肿基本吸收,部分肌肉组织中可见慢性肉芽肿、血管增生,肌肉组织间有部分炎性细胞浸润。本发明给药组、扶他林组肌肉基本恢复,肌细胞排列较整齐,肌肉组织间有少量炎性细胞浸润。模型组和空白赋形剂组病理变化程度基本相同,肌肉组织仍有水肿和炎性细胞浸润,慢性肉芽肿,血管增生。
(3)局部PGE2和IL-1β的含量
取打击中心部位肌肉组织,用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定匀装上清液中PGE2和IL-1β含量具体操作步骤按照ELISA试剂盒说明进行。结果见表2和表3。
表2不同治疗对大鼠受伤局部组织匀浆液PGE2含量的影响
从表2可以看出,除空白对照组外各组在第四天PGE2的含量较第一天有所升高,在第七天时各组PGE2的含量较第四天有所降低。扶他林组、本发明给药组在三个时相点含量均低于模型组和空白赋形剂组,可不同程度地降低PGE2的含量,效果略优于扶他林。
表3不同治疗对大鼠受伤局部组织匀浆液IL-1β含量的影响
从表3可以看出,除空白对照组外,各组在第四天IL-lβ的含量较第一时相点有所升高,在第七天时各组IL-1β的含量较第二时相点有所降低。扶他林组、本发明给药组在三个时相点含量均高于空白对照组,低于模型组和空白赋形剂组,可不同程度地降低IL-1β的含量。
(4)血液流变学指标
血液流变学指标试验结果表明,受试药物对大鼠不同切变率下全血粘度,血浆粘度和红细胞聚集指数没有明显改变。可能是因为受试药物为外用药,全身作用较弱。
实施例6本发明药物对乙酸刺激所致小鼠疼痛扭体反应的影响
40只SPF级NIH小鼠,雌雄各半,按体重随机分为4组,分别为空白对照组、扶他林乳胶组、天和骨通贴膏组、本发明实施例1药物组,每组10只。试验开始前24h将各组小鼠腹部用8%的硫化钠溶液脱毛,脱毛后以温水轻轻洗净去毛区皮肤。
实验组及对照组按剂量在各组小鼠去毛区皮肤给药,胶布固定。每天1次,连续7d,对照组同法贴敷等量空白基质巴布剂,药物给药后使药物与皮肤接触良好,每天给药物6h后去除药物,以温水洗净去毛区皮肤。
第7d末次贴敷药物后1h,各组小鼠均去除贴敷的药物,温水洗净腹部,无菌纱布轻轻拭干,腹腔注射0.7%冰醋酸0.2ml/只,开始计时,观察计数注射冰醋酸后20min内小鼠出现扭体反应的潜伏期(s)和20min内小鼠的扭体次数(扭体反应:腹部凹陷、伸展后肢、臀部抬高)。结果见表4。
表4不同治疗对乙酸刺激所致小鼠疼痛反应的影响
结果显示,在扭体反应潜伏期的观察中,本发明药物组与空白对照组、扶他林乳膏组对比,潜伏期最长;在扭体次数的观察中,本发明药物组扭体次数少于对照组、扶他林乳胶组、天和骨通贴膏组。
实施例7本发明药物对热板所致小鼠疼痛反应的影响
分组、给药方法与实施例6相同。末次贴敷药物后30、60min测定各鼠痛阈值,结果见表5。
表5不同治疗对热板所致小鼠疼痛反应痛阈的影响
组别 | 给药前痛阈(s) | 30分钟痛阈(s) | 60分钟痛阈(s) |
对照组 | 12.95±0.85 | 13.36±0.50 | 14.12±0.80 |
扶他林乳胶组 | 12.52±0.65 | 17.35±1.29 | 17.45±1.62 |
天和骨通贴膏组 | 12.45±1.10 | 9.42±3.10 | 11.91±4.39 |
本发明药物组 | 13.25±0.71 | 24.26±1.80 | 25.75±1.81 |
从测得的结果可以看出,本发明药物组与对照组、扶他林乳胶组、天和骨通贴膏组相比,痛阈均为最高,起效速度最快。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,其特征在于由以下重量份数的原料制成:天花粉10-50份,黄柏8-30份,大黄5-30份,姜黄5-30份,白芷5-30份,厚朴3-20份,陈皮3-20份,甘草3-20份,苍术3-20份,天南星3-20份。
2.如权利要求1所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,其特征在于由以下重量份数的原料制成:天花粉15-25份,黄柏8-12份,大黄8-12份,姜黄8-12份,白芷8-12份,厚朴5-10份,陈皮5-10份,甘草5-10份,苍术5-10份,天南星5-10份。
3.如权利要求1所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,其特征在于由以下重量份数的原料制成:天花粉20份,黄柏10份,大黄10份,姜黄10份,白芷10份,厚朴8份,陈皮8份,甘草8份,苍术8份,天南星8份。
4.如权利要求1~3任何一项所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂,其特征在于:所述外用制剂为巴布膏。
5.如权利要求4所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)按份数取所述原料,用水煎煮提取,收集提取液,浓缩成浸膏后减压干燥并粉粹成细粉;
2)将步骤1)中的细粉与巴布膏基质混合,50-80℃水浴搅拌0.5-3小时,然后快速涂抹于无纺布上,室温放置5-15小时,密封包装,即得。
6.如权利要求5所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述巴布膏基质由以下重量配比的成分组成:
7.如权利要求5所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述细粉与巴布膏基质的重量比为1∶5-15。
8.如权利要求5所述治疗急性关节炎的中药外用制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中所述的用水煎煮提取,是将所述原料用5-10倍重量的水煎煮1-4次,每次煎煮时间为0.5-2小时。
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