CN106075283A - 一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物、制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106075283A CN106075283A CN201610495758.6A CN201610495758A CN106075283A CN 106075283 A CN106075283 A CN 106075283A CN 201610495758 A CN201610495758 A CN 201610495758A CN 106075283 A CN106075283 A CN 106075283A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物、制备方法及应用,属于中兽医中兽药领域,本发明的组合物由以下原料构成和重量份配比为:仙鹤草30~60份、地榆20~50份、槟榔10~40份、苍术10~40份、羌活20~50份、柴胡20~50份、板蓝根20~50份、川芎20~50份、桃仁10~40份、红花10~40份、黄连20~50份、金银花20~50份、莪术30~70份、大青叶30~60份。本发明还提供一种制备方法简单、使用方便的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物的制备方法。本发明在家禽养殖活动中应用,具有成本低廉、制备简单、使用安全的特点,而且无毒副作用和药物残留,能够有效降低公鸡阉割过程中的死亡率,提高阉割后的存活率的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中兽医中兽药领域,具体地说是一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
公鸡阉割手术是对公鸡进行睾丸摘除,使公鸡失去性能力而变得性情温驯、避免公鸡之间为争配偶相互打斗,增加食欲、促进生长、提高生长速度,降低养殖成本等好处。同时,阉割后的公鸡肉质得到明显改善,肉质变得细嫩、鲜甜、可口,激素含量少,是美味可口的餐桌佳肴。
在对公鸡进行阉割手术时,通常会引起手中的术出血和手中术后的出血。公鸡因手术中的出血过多而当场死亡的比例高达3%~5%;公鸡在阉割手术结束后,还容易引起伤口感染导致死亡、体质下降和饲料报酬降低等。
因此,在给公鸡阉割的时候,怎样用药消毒,如何提高阉割公鸡存活率,有效降低公鸡阉割过程中的死亡率,提升公鸡阉割后的存活率、增强身体的抗病力,提高喂养饲料的利用率,是家禽养殖过程中急需解决的重要问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无副作用,并且有效提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种制备方法简单,并且使用方便的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物的制备方法。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种中药组合物在制备提高阉割公鸡存活率的药物中应用。
为实现上述目的,有效地降低阉割公鸡过程中的死亡率,提高公鸡阉割后的存活率,本发明人采用科学配伍,精心选择了上述组分,达到了很好的效果,提高了阉割公鸡的存活率。
本发明的技术任务是按以下方式实现的,该组合物的原料构成和重量份配比为:
仙鹤草30~60份、地榆20~50份、槟榔10~40份、苍术10~40份、羌活20~50份、柴胡20~50份、板蓝根20~50份、川芎20~50份、桃仁10~40份、红花10~40份、黄连20~50份、金银花20~50份、莪术30~70份、大青叶30~60份;
作为本发明进一步优选,上所述的原料组成和重量份的配比为:仙鹤草50份、地榆30份、槟榔20份、苍术25份、羌活30份、柴胡35份、板蓝根38份、川芎30份、桃仁20份、红花25份、黄连45份、金银花35份、莪术50份、大青叶45份。
上述中药组合物制备成散剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、片剂、胶囊剂等药学上可接受的任意剂型。
本发明还提供的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物的优选制备方法,包括如下加工步骤:
将上述各原料按配方量均匀混合后,或加入5~20倍的水加热0.5~1小时后滤掉药渣得到提取液,即得成品。
上述中药组合物优选的使用方法:在公鸡阉割前后使用,在公鸡阉割手术前连续服用4天,在公鸡阉割手术结束后继续服用3天。
本发明所选中草药的药性及药理分析如下:
仙鹤草:入药部位为蔷薇科植物龙芽草的干燥地上部分,气微,味微苦。夏、秋二季茎叶茂盛时采割,除去残根和杂质,洗净,稍润,切段,干燥。具有收敛止血,截疟,止痢,解毒,补虚。主治用于咯血,吐血,崩漏下血,疟疾,血痢,痈肿疮毒,阴痒带下,脱力劳伤。
地榆:又名黄瓜香、玉札、山枣子,为蔷薇科植物地榆或长叶地榆的干燥根。后者习称“绵地榆”。春季将发芽时或秋季植株枯萎后采挖,除去须根,洗净,干燥,或趁鲜切片,干燥。具有凉血止血,解毒敛疮。主治用于便血,痔血,血痢,崩漏,水火烫伤,痈肿疮毒。
槟榔:为棕榈科植物槟榔的干燥成熟种子。春末至秋初采收成熟果实,用水煮后,干燥,除去果皮,取出种子,干燥。槟榔具有杀虫,消积,行气,利水,截疟的功效。主治:绦虫病、蛔虫病、姜片虫病,虫积腹痛,积滞泻痢,里急后重,水肿脚气,疟疾。
苍术:为菊科植物茅苍术或北苍术的干燥根茎。春、秋二季采挖,除去泥沙,晒干,摘去须根。具有燥湿健脾,祛风散寒,明目的功效。主治用于湿阻中焦,脘腹胀满,泄泻,水肿,脚气痿蹙,风湿痹痛,风寒感冒,夜盲,眼目昏涩。
羌活:别名羌青、护羌使者、胡王使者、羌滑、退风使者、黑药,伞形科、羌活属植物。其性温,解表散寒、祛寒湿,用于外感风寒、头痛无汗、寒湿痹、上肢风湿疼痛。入药部位为伞形科植物羌活的干燥根。具有解表散寒,祛风胜湿,止痛的功效。主治风寒感冒,风寒湿痹,项强筋急,骨节酸疼,风水浮肿,痈疽疮毒。
柴胡:别名地熏、山菜、菇草、柴草,性味苦、微寒,归肝、胆经。为《中国药典》收录的草药,药用部位为伞形科植物柴胡或狭叶柴胡的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖,除去茎叶及泥沙,干燥。柴胡是常用解表药。有和解表里,疏肝升阳之功效。用于感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾、肝郁气滞、胸肋胀痛、脱肛、子宫脱垂、月经不调。
板蓝根:常用别名靛青根、蓝靛根、大青根。为十字花科植物菘蓝的干燥根,通常在秋季进行采挖,炮制后可入药。其性寒,味先微甜后苦涩,具有清热解毒、预防感冒、利咽之功效。主要用于治疗温毒发斑、舌绛紫暗、烂喉丹痧等疾病。
川芎:常用于活血行气,祛风止痛,川芎辛温香燥,走而不守,既能行散,上行可达巅顶;又入血分,下行可达血海。活血祛瘀作用广泛,适宜瘀血阻滞各种病症;祛风止痛,效用甚佳,可治头风头痛、风湿痹痛等症。昔人谓川芎为血中之气药,殆言其寓辛散、解郁、通达、止痛等功能。
桃仁:为蔷薇科植物桃或山桃的干燥成熟种子。果实成熟后采收,除去果肉和核壳,取出种子,晒干。全国各地普遍栽培。具有活血祛瘀,润肠通便,止咳平喘的功效。用于经闭痛经,瘕瘕痞块,肺痈肠痈,跌扑损伤,肠燥便秘,咳嗽气喘。
红花:为菊科植物红花的干燥花。夏季花由黄变红时采摘,阴干或晒干。具有活血通经,散瘀止痛之功效。用于经闭,痛经,恶露不行,症瘕痞块,胸痹心痛,瘀滞腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑损伤,疮疡肿痛。
黄连:别名味连、川连、鸡爪连,属毛茛科、黄连属多年生草本植物,野生或栽培于山谷凉湿荫蔽密林中。其味入口极苦,有清热燥湿,泻火解毒之功效。功效有清热燥湿,泻火解毒。用于湿热痞满,呕吐吞酸,泻痢,黄疸,高热神昏,心火亢盛,心烦不寐,血热吐衄,目赤,牙痛,消渴,痈肿疔疮;外治湿疹,湿疮,耳道流脓。酒黄连善清上焦火热。用于目赤,口疮。姜黄连清胃和胃止呕。用于寒热互结,湿热中阻,痞满呕吐。萸黄连舒肝和胃止呕。用于肝胃不和,呕吐吞酸。
金银花:又名忍冬,别称金银藤、银藤、二色花藤、二宝藤、右转藤、子风藤、鸳鸯藤、二花。自古被誉为清热解毒的良药。它性甘寒气芳香,甘寒清热而不伤胃,芳香透达又可祛邪。金银花既能宣散风热,还善清解血毒,用于各种热性病,如身热、发疹、发斑、热毒疮痈、咽喉肿痛等症,均效果显著。
莪术:别称蒁药、莪荗、青姜、黑心姜、姜黄,为姜科、姜黄属多年生宿根草本,本品为姜科植物蓬莪术、广西莪术或温郁金的干燥根茎。后者习称“温莪术”。冬季茎叶枯萎后采挖,洗净,蒸或煮至透心,晒干或低温干燥后除去须根及杂质。能治行气止痛、积散结、破血祛瘀作用。
大青叶:又名爵床科植物马蓝。十字花科植物菘蓝及大青。蓼科植物蓼蓝。豆科植物木蓝。以上植物的叶,都做为大青叶使用,也均能作为制青黛的原料,除木蓝外,其根均作为板蓝根使用。近年来此药在临床上广泛应用,除可用治上述诸症外,又可用于痰热郁肺、咯痰黄稠;尤常用于流行性乙性脑炎,既可单味应用于预防,又可配合柴胡、银花、连翘、板蓝根、玄参、生地等,能清解气分、营分的热毒,可用治各种乙脑,而以偏热型较为合适。主治:热毒发斑、丹毒、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮、疮痈肿毒等症。
本发明的配方中,发明人优化了中药组合物的用量,使得防止阉割公鸡的伤口感染和恢复阉割公鸡体质的药效达到平衡,达到了发明的有效目的。在具体应用过程中,所述中药组合物可以在加热煮沸后滤掉药渣得到提取液作为饮用水,或者制作成剂型对待阉割公鸡进行服用,也同样起到较好的治疗效果。本发明人将其用于日常的公鸡阉割工作中,经过一年多的临床实践发现,该中药组合物可以有效降低阉割过程中的公鸡死亡率,并且有助于提升阉割后公鸡的存活率。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明属于提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,具有成本低廉、配制简单、使用安全的特点,而且无毒副作用和药物残留,用于公鸡的阉割前后,能够起到提高阉割公鸡存活率的作用。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,该组合物的原料构成及其用量分别如下:仙鹤草30~60g、地榆20~50g、槟榔10~40g、苍术10~40g、羌活20~50g、柴胡20~50g、板蓝根20~50g、川芎20~50g、桃仁10~40g、红花10~40g、黄连20~50g、金银花20~50g、莪术30~70g、大青叶30~60g。
本发明还提供一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物的制备方法,将下列中药混合物按照配比范围混合后,或加入5~20倍的水加热0.5~1小时后滤掉药渣得到提取液,或制备成药学上可接受的任意剂型。
实施例1:
本发明提供一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,该中药混合物的组成和重量配比数值为:仙鹤草60g、地榆50g、槟榔40g、苍术40g、羌活50g、柴胡50g、板蓝根50g、川芎50g、桃仁40g、红花40g、黄连50g、金银花50g、莪术70g、大青叶60g。
上述中药组合物的制备方法为:
将仙鹤草、地榆、槟榔、苍术、羌活、柴胡、板蓝根、川芎、桃仁、红花、黄连、金银花、莪术、大青叶按照配比范围均匀混合后,加入5000g的水进行加热45分钟,过滤掉药渣后放置至常温,即得成品。
实施例2:
本发明提供一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,该中药混合物的组成和重量配比数值为:仙鹤草50g、地榆30g、槟榔20g、苍术25g、羌活30g、柴胡35g、板蓝根38g、川芎30g、桃仁20g、红花25g、黄连45g、金银花35g、莪术50g、大青叶45g。
上述中药组合物的制备方法为:
将仙鹤草、地榆、槟榔、苍术、羌活、柴胡、板蓝根、川芎、桃仁、红花、黄连、金银花、莪术、大青叶按照配比范围均匀混合后,通过研磨装置制成粉末状,按每千克中药组合物配0.4千克面糊,先将面糊加入20%的水搅拌成糊状,再掺入中药组合物粉末,充分搅拌成药膏,再按中兽医传统制丸方法制成丸剂、干燥,即得成品。
实施例3:
本发明提供一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,该中药混合物的组成和重量配比数值为:仙鹤草30g、地榆20g、槟榔10g、苍术10g、羌活20g、柴胡20g、板蓝根20g、川芎20g、桃仁10g、红花10g、黄连20g、金银花20g、莪术30g、大青叶30g。
上述中药组合物的制备方法为:
将仙鹤草、地榆、槟榔、苍术、羌活、柴胡、板蓝根、川芎、桃仁、红花、黄连、金银花、莪术、大青叶按照配比范围均匀混合后,通过研磨装置制成粉末状,按每千克中药组合物配0.2千克玉米淀粉,混匀,制成颗粒剂,即得成品。
本发明提供的中药组合物对于降低阉割前后公鸡的死亡几率起到很好的效果。在具体应用过程中,本发明提供的中药混合物并不仅限于上述药物的组合,还可以根据阉割公鸡所表现出的症状进行混合。
实验实施例1
以300只待阉割公鸡为例,采用常规阉割手术对公鸡进行阉割。在阉割的过程中,由于失血过多造成死亡的阉割公鸡数量有7只。在阉割手术完成后,死亡的阉割公鸡数量有8只。采用常规阉割手术的公鸡存活率为95%。
实验实施例2
以300只待阉割公鸡为例,将实施例1所制得的中药组合物提取液进行饮用,在阉割前连续饮用4天后进行手术,在阉割过程中出现死亡的公鸡数量有2只。在阉割手术结束后,继续让阉割公鸡连续服用3天,死亡的公鸡数量有4只。在阉割前后使用该中药组合物的公鸡存活率为98%。
实验实施例3
以300只待阉割公鸡为例,将实施例2所制得的中药组合物丸剂进行服用,在阉割手术前3天连续服用,每天服用三次,然后进行阉割手术,在阉割过程中出现死亡的公鸡数量有3只。在阉割手术结束后,继续让阉割公鸡连续服用2天,死亡的公鸡数量有3只。在阉割前后使用该中药组合物的公鸡存活率为98%。
从实验实施例1和实验实施例2、实验实施例3的对比可以看出,服用了该中药组合物的阉割公鸡的存活率从正常情况下的95%提升至98%,存活率有明显提高。
本发明提供的中药组合物无任何副作用,在公鸡阉割之前,按期服用可有效降低公鸡阉割过程中出现失血过多造成的死亡几率。在公鸡阉割之后,按期服用该中药组合物,有效提升公鸡阉割后的存活率、增强身体的抗病力,提高喂养饲料的利用率。因此,该中药组合物在降低公鸡阉过程中的死亡率,有效提搞公鸡阉割后的存活率方面,均能够达到很好的效果。
以上所述仅为发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,其特征在于,该组合物的原料构成和重量份配比为:
仙鹤草30~60份、地榆20~50份、槟榔10~40份、苍术10~40份、羌活20~50份、柴胡20~50份、板蓝根20~50份、川芎20~50份、桃仁10~40份、红花10~40份、黄连20~50份、金银花20~50份、莪术30~70份、大青叶30~60份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,其特征在于,各原料的重量份配比为:
仙鹤草50份、地榆30份、槟榔20份、苍术25份、羌活30份、柴胡35份、板蓝根38份、川芎30份、桃仁20份、红花25份、黄连45份、金银花35份、莪术50份、大青叶45份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物制备成药学上可接受的任意剂型。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物加入5~20倍的水加热0.5~1小时后滤掉药渣得到提取液,即得成品。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的一种提高阉割公鸡存活率的中药组合物在制备提高阉割公鸡存活率的兽用药物领域中应用。
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