CN106070234B - A method of utilizing paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type - Google Patents
A method of utilizing paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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Abstract
The invention discloses paclobutrazols in regulation and control state's orchid plant type or the application in terms of the preparation for preparing regulation and control state orchid plant type, and explore optimum process method of the optimization using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type, i.e. in the way of foliar spray, paclobutrazol is sprayed on state's orchid blade, until processing blade surface moistening；When preferably plant to be planted is grown to 5 ~ 15cm, start to be handled with the paclobutrazol of 1000 ~ 1500mg/L, it is primary every processing in 10 ~ 20 days, it handles 3 ~ 4 times.This method greatly improves effect of the paclobutrazol to state orchid, not only can significantly reduce the plant height of state orchid, but also ensures that plant leaf stent is unaffected, and plant type is compacter, and treated, and state's orchid plant type is more beautiful, can large-scale application in cultivation produce.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flowers culture technique fields.More particularly, to being a kind of to utilize paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type
Method.
Background technology
State orchid (Cymbidium Sw.) is some specific ornamental orchids of China in Cymbidium, is ten great tradition name of China
One of flower.It is also welcome in recent years by western developed country.Therefore the market condition of state of China orchid industry has been greatly developed
It is ripe.Small Miniature pot has obtained the people and has widely paid close attention to and have deep love for.
State of China orchid species are although rich and varied, but traditional state's orchid species mostly plant type is larger, and especially blade is too long, too
Soft, plant type relatively dissipates, and resistance is relatively low, affects their ornamental value.Therefore, become in conjunction with state's orchid own characteristic and market popularity
Gesture suitably controls state's orchid leaf growth, adjustment plant type, and to improving, the ornamental value of state orchid, to meet the market demand necessary.
But at present in terms of regulation and control state orchid plant type, all few relevant researchs both at home and abroad are reported.Ornamental plant
Method for stunting has very much, such as branch-finishing and pruning, pinching, control water and fertilizer management, the technologies such as crossbreeding (Wang Yuhua, 1998), but
It is that these methods are time-consuming and laborious, of high cost, effect is slow.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is the defects and deficiency for existing state orchid regulation of plant form technology, provide paclobutrazol in regulation and control state
Application in terms of blue plant type and a kind of method and its application using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Paclobutrazol is in regulation and control state's orchid plant type or the application in terms of the preparation for preparing regulation and control state orchid plant type.
Preferably, the state orchid is the cenospecies of Chinese cymbidium, sword-leaved cymbidium or sword-leaved cymbidium and hybrid cymbidium.
It is highly preferred that the Chinese cymbidium is to look forward to black or Wu's word kingfisher strain.It is highly preferred that the sword-leaved cymbidium is gold rainbow strain.
It is highly preferred that the sword-leaved cymbidium and the cenospecies of hybrid cymbidium are Taibei Miss.
A method of it is to be sprayed paclobutrazol in state orchid in the way of foliar spray using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type
On blade, until processing blade surface moistening.
Wherein it is preferred to a concentration of 500mg/L~1500mg/L of the paclobutrazol.
It is highly preferred that a concentration of 1000mg/L~1500mg/L of the paclobutrazol.
Most preferably, a concentration of 1000mg/L or 1500mg/L of the paclobutrazol.
Preferably, the above-mentioned method using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type is to start to use until when plant is grown to 5~15cm
The paclobutrazol of 500~1500mg/L is handled, primary every processing in 10~20 days, is handled 3~4 times.
More preferably, for looking forward to black coprocessing 3 times, and Wu's word kingfisher is then handled 4 times.
Consider, looking forward to black best dwarfing mode is：With 1000~1500mg/l paclobutrazols, until plant 10cm is left
Right start to process is handled 3 times, best every 10-20 days processing primary effects.
Downgrading the most suitable processing scheme of Wu word kingfisher plant is：With 1000~1500mg/L paclobutrazols in plant 10cm or so
Start to process is handled 4 times, primary every processing in 10~20 days.
Preferably, until plant grows to start to process when 9~11cm.Preferably, primary every processing in 20 days.
In addition, as it is a kind of preferably can embodiment, the above-mentioned method using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type be until
Plant grows to the processing of progress first time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 200mg/L when 10~13cm；Plant to be planted is grown to 15
When~18cm, second of paclobutrazol foliar spray processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 700mg/L are carried out；When plant to be planted is grown to 20~22cm,
Carry out the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1200mg/L；
Or until plant grows to the processing of progress first time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 500mg/ when 15~17cm
L；When plant to be planted is grown to 18~22cm, second of paclobutrazol foliar spray processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1000mg/L are carried out；Plant to be planted
When length is to 22~25cm, the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1500mg/L are carried out.
It is highly preferred that the above-mentioned method using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type is until plant grows to when 10 or 13cm carries out
The processing of first time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 200mg/L；When plant to be planted is grown to 15 or 18cm, carry out more for the second time
Imitate the processing of azoles foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 700mg/L；When plant to be planted is grown to 20 or 22cm, third time paclobutrazol foliar spray is carried out
Processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1200mg/L；
Or until plant grows to the processing of progress first time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 500mg/ when 15 or 17cm
L；When plant to be planted is grown to 18 or 22cm, second of paclobutrazol foliar spray processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1000mg/L are carried out；Plant to be planted
When length is to 22 or 25cm, the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1500mg/L are carried out.
Most preferably, the above-mentioned method using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type is until plant grows to carrying out first when 13cm
Secondary paclobutrazol foliar spray processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 200mg/L；When plant to be planted is grown to 18cm, second of paclobutrazol foliar spray is carried out
Processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 700mg/L；When plant to be planted is grown to 22cm, the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spray are carried out
Apply concentration 1200mg/L；
Or plant to be planted is grown to the processing of progress first time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 500mg/L when 15cm；It waits planting
Strain it is long to 18cm when, carry out the processing of second paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1000mg/L；Plant to be planted is grown to 22cm
When, carry out the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1500mg/L.
In short, after paclobutrazol is handled, state orchid plant is obviously downgraded, plant type is compacter, and the stent of blade is not yet
Can be too small, good plant type is maintained, can ensure the beauty of plant type while dwarfed plant.
Therefore, application of the above method in terms of regulation and control state orchid plant type be also within protection scope of the present invention.
Plant growth retardent is influenced the adjusting growth of plant by various aspects, including edaphic condition, weather
The kind etc. of environment and plant.Influence of the natural environment to plant growth retardent is removed to achieve the purpose that commodity production to prolong
Slow agent is the key that control to adjust using type, the selection of administration time, the selection of amount of application.The present invention first gives birth to plant
Application conditions of the long delayer for state orchid to be downgraded are probed into, including probe into suitable delayer type, rational processing
Concentration, suitable processing time and number of processes.Test result is shown, compares cycocel and daminozide, paclobutrazol is good
State orchid downgrade medicament, can inhibit the growth rate of blade that plant is made to stop increasing in advance.Preferred process scheme is to utilize
The paclobutrazol of 1000~1500mg/L, until state orchid plant 10cm or so start to process, was handled 3~4 times, every 10~20 days
(preferably 20 days) processing primary effect is best, has excellent Dwarf Effect on Dwarf.Further, it takes when plant difference is grown
The incremental growth retardant of phase application concentration gradient, while downgrading state orchid plant, it can also be ensured that plant leaf stent is not
It is impacted, while optimizing every growth and the physiological and biochemical index of plant.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention provides application of the paclobutrazol in terms of regulation and control state orchid plant type, and explore optimization optimised process side
When method, i.e. plant to be planted are grown to 5~15cm, handled with 1000~1500mg/L paclobutrazols, it is primary every processing in 10~20 days,
Processing 3~4 times；Paclobutrazol more preferably incremental in plant different growing stage application concentration gradient, greatly improves multiple-effect
Effect of the azoles to state orchid, can not only significantly reduce the plant height of state orchid, but also ensure that plant leaf stent is unaffected, processing
State orchid plant type afterwards is beautiful, can large-scale application produced in cultivation.
Moreover, method of the present invention using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type, with saving of work and time, high financial profit it is excellent
Point is a kind of simple, method conveniently, quick.Therefore using paclobutrazol control state orchid plant type, leaf growth, it is blue to improve state
Research in terms of disease resistance, color and luster and ornamental value is a new research topic to the quality for improving state orchid, is also had prodigious
Economic benefit and social benefit, have a extensive future.
The complete set technology of concentration and application method is used in addition, having obtained and being suitable for the paclobutrazol that state orchid is downgraded, including is closed
Suitable processing time, rational number of processes etc. can be applied to the large-scale application of state's orchid cultivation, improve the production skill of state orchid
Art level and ornamental value, competitiveness of the enhancing China in world's industry of flowers and plants, and obtain huge economic benefit and society
Benefit is also having exemplary role to the orchid modern production of state of China to the city.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the variation that black plant height is looked forward in the processing of paclobutrazol each group.
Fig. 2 is the variation that black plant height is looked forward in the processing of cycocel each group.
Fig. 3 is the variation that paclobutrazol each group handles Wu's word kingfisher plant height.
Fig. 4 is the variation that cycocel each group handles Wu's word kingfisher plant height.
Fig. 5 is influence of the paclobutrazol to the black photosynthesis characteristics of enterprise.
Fig. 6 is influence of the paclobutrazol to Wu's word kingfisher photosynthesis characteristics.
Fig. 7 is influence of the paclobutrazol to the black chlorophyll content of enterprise.
Fig. 8 is influence of the paclobutrazol to Wu's word kingfisher chlorophyll content.
Fig. 9 is the influence that paclobutrazol grows gold rainbow.
Figure 10 is the influence that daminozide grows gold rainbow.
Figure 11 is influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow activities of antioxidant enzymes and mda content；A~D distinguishes
It is daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidating
The influence of hydrogenase activity and mda content.
Figure 12 is daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow soluble sugar content (A) and soluble egg
The influence of white matter content (B).
Figure 13 is the influence of daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow chlorophyll content.
Figure 14 is the influence of daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow photosynthesis characteristics.
Figure 15 is the influence that paclobutrazol grows Taibei Miss.
Figure 16 is the influence that daminozide grows gold rainbow.
Figure 17 is influence of the plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's activities of antioxidant enzymes and mda content；A
~D is respectively daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to Taibei Miss's peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, mistake
The influence of catalase activity and mda content.
Figure 18 is that daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol contain Taibei Miss's soluble sugar content (A) and soluble protein
Measure the influence of (B).
Figure 19 is the influence of daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to Taibei Miss's chlorophyll content.
Figure 20 is the influence of daminozide, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to Taibei Miss's photosynthesis characteristics.
Pn is Net Photosynthetic Rate in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Figure 14 and Figure 20, and Gs is stomata introduction, and Ci is intercellular gas concentration lwevel,
Tr is transpiration rate.
Specific implementation mode
It is further illustrated the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, but embodiment is not to the present invention
It limits in any form.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus routinely try for the art
Agent, method and apparatus.Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same and material are purchased in market.
1 plant growth retardent of embodiment studies the dwarfing of Chinese cymbidium
1, test material
Two kinds in China blue Chinese cymbidium Cymbidium sinense (Andr.) Willd. look forward to black and Wu Zicui.
15% paclobutrazol (PP333) pulvis of Sichuan Guoguang Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd.'s production, and Japanese import cycocel
(CCC) two plant growth delayer of active compound.
This experiment carries out in state of South China Normal University orchid research center, and 4~7 plants of maternal plant is planted per basin in 3.5 cun of plastic flowers
In alms bowl, using stone mixed fermentation peanut shell as matrix culture.
2, experimental design
(1) experiment uses orthonormal design of experiments method, when determining that delayer is applied to the optimal dose of Chinese cymbidium, growth
The time interval of phase, application times and application.Two kinds of growth retardants all set four factors, respectively delayed growth agent concentration,
Toeatment period, number of processes, processing time interval；Each factor sets three levels, wherein a concentration of (500mg/ of growth retardant
L, 1000mg/L, 1500mg/L), (only handle the leaf of kainogenesis when toeatment period is respectively plant high 5cm, 10cm, 15cm or so
Bud), number of processes is respectively 2 times 3 times 4 times, and processing time interval is respectively 10 days, 20 days, 30 days.Orthogonal trial such as table 1.
1 orthogonal test factor level table of table
(2) processing mode：Plant growth retardent, which is applied, uses foliar spray mode (handle blade surface moistening as principle),
It is control with clear water.Plant Chinese cymbidium looks forward to black, about 4~6 plants of a basin, and 2~4 bud of new leaf bud applies 8~10ml of delayer per bud；Often
6 buds are handled, are repeated three times.Chinese cymbidium Wu word is emerald green, about 5~7 plants of a basin, 4~6 bud of new leaf bud, and delayer 30ml is applied per basin；Often locate
A basin is managed, is repeated three times.Conventional water and fertilizer management.
3, project and assay method are measured
(1) growth increment measures：After start to process, every the length of blade that 30 days measure often processing group plant, calculate
Its leaf growth amount.
(2) plant strain growth index：Measured respectively after 160 days from start to process the plant height of each processing group plant, blade stent,
False stem thickness, and measure the plant blade of the length of second blade, width and leaf area and whole plant biology from outside to inside
Amount.Plant height is subject to plant with a distance from horizontal plane peak to false basal part of stem；False stem thickness selects most wide from false basal part of stem 0.5cm
Place measures；Blade stent is subject to the maximum length of single-strain blade expansion.Leaf length is chosen from blade base and pseudobulb phase
Place is met to the length of blade tip；Leaf width is chosen blade the widest part and is measured；Leaf area is carried out using refined glad leaf area instrument Yaxin-1241
It measures；Leaf biomass measures the fresh weight of each processing group single plant aerial part with one thousandth balance, is put in 80 DEG C of baking ovens and dries
Dry weight is weighed after doing to constant weight.(measure 5 times be averaged above).
(3) measurement of photosynthesis index of correlation：After processing 140 days, often processing chooses 6 plants, measures Net Photosynthetic Rate
(Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), space between cells CO2Concentration (Ci), the LI- produced with LI-COR companies of the U.S.
6400 photosynthesis measurement system measurements.
(4) measurement of chlorophyll content：With reference to Arnon methods (plant physiology and biochemistry instructs, 1995).
4, data analysis：Data statistics is carried out using Excel 2010 and 17.0 statistical softwares of SPSS, with single factor test variance
Analyze (one-way ANOVA), least significant difference method (LSD) and similar subset (Duncan) Multiple range test different disposal group number
According to difference.The intuitive analysis of orthogonal test is with variance analysis by being obtained after the v3.1 processing of orthogonal design assistant's software.
5, test results and analysis
(1) influence of the plant growth retardent to Chinese cymbidium growth rate
1) influence of the plant growth retardent to the black plant height of enterprise：As shown in figure 1 and 2, compared with the control, paclobutrazol is everywhere
Reason group effectively reduces plant height, and wherein PL1, PM2, PL3 group effect is the most notable, and PL1 group plant heights reduce 59% than control.
And compared with the control, each processing scheme of cycocel all has no significant effect to looking forward to black plant height, illustrate a concentration of 500,1000,
The cycocel of 1500mg/L is unfavorable for reducing plant height.
2) influence of the plant growth retardent to Wu's word kingfisher length of blade plant height：As shown in figures 3 and 4, paclobutrazol is everywhere
Reason group effectively reduces plant height, and respectively processing cannot downgrade Wu word kingfisher plant to cycocel.Therefore, illustrate that cycocel is not suitable for using
The dwarfing agent for making Chinese cymbidium uses.Following tests no longer lists the result of cycocel.
(2) influence of the plant growth retardent to Chinese cymbidium morphological index
1) influence of the plant growth retardent to the black morphological index of enterprise
As shown in table 2, paclobutrazol processing, which can be reduced significantly, looks forward to that black plant height, leaf are long, and all processing group dwarf degrees are equal
Reach 35% or more.Wherein, the PL1 groups range of decrease is most notable, and plant height reduces 55.30% compared with control, and leaf length is reduced compared with control
58.23%.It is black that enterprise has also substantially been downgraded in PM2, PL2, PL3, PM1 processing, plant height reduce respectively 20.62cm, 19.83cm,
18.87cm, 18.64cm, leaf length have respectively reduced 25.53cm, 23.28cm, 22.36cm and 22.21cm.It can be seen that a concentration of
The paclobutrazol of 1000mg/L and 1500mg/L is more notable to the inhibition of plant height.Meanwhile paclobutrazol processing also makes blade stent
It is reduced significantly；It is especially handled with high concentration in seedling, blade is hardly unfolded.Paclobutrazol processing also reduces the vacation of plant
Stem thickness, wherein PL1 handle the biggest drop, have dropped 6.6mm.Except PL3 processing, remaining processing group leaf width also relatively compares slightly drop
It is low, but all without significant difference in addition to PL1 and PS3 is handled.
In short, after paclobutrazol is handled, look forward to black plant obviously downgrade, plant type it is compacter.
Influence of 2 paclobutrazol of table to the black morphological index of enterprise
2) influence of the plant growth retardent to Wu's word kingfisher morphological index
As shown in table 3, multi-effect Triazole all has a significant effect to every morphological index of Chinese cymbidium Wu word kingfisher.
The relatively control of each processing group length of blade is decreased significantly, and wherein PL1 groups shorten most apparent with PM2 groups, have dropped respectively
49.28%, 48.22%.Plant height is in addition to PS3, PM3, PL3 of start to process at seedlings (15cm or more), remaining each group
All decline apparent and reach significant difference, it is equally PL1, PM2 group that reduction degree is most apparent, decrease by 23.8% and
22.3%.The relatively control of each processing group plant leaf stent is substantially reduced；Leaf length reduces more its leaf stent degree phase of processing group
To smaller.Each group plant vacation stem thickness is substantially reduced.PM3 and PL3 processing significantly increases leaf width, other processing and contrast difference
Less.
Influence of 3 paclobutrazol of table to Wu's word kingfisher morphological index
In conclusion the paclobutrazol of 500~1500mg/L can effectively reduce by the leaf length and plant height of two kinds of Chinese cymbidium plant.But
The cycocel of 500~1500mg/L does not work to downgrading Chinese cymbidium but, slightly improves the leaf length and biomass of Chinese cymbidium instead, reaches
The effect of strong sprout is arrived.
2 paclobutrazol of embodiment downgrades Chinese cymbidium scheme optimization
1, experiment material and method are the same as embodiment 1.
2, the optimal conditions analysis of morphological index is influenced：To reduce plant height, leaf length at most and not influence blade stent as possible
For judging basis.
(1) paclobutrazol processing Chinese cymbidium looks forward to black optimal conditions analysis
Highest plant height is PS1 groups, is 25.56cm, and minimum is PL1 groups, is 17.96cm.It can by 5 variance analysis of table
Know, the application concentration of delayer paclobutrazol, because being known as different, illustrates that application concentration plays certainly in plant height compared with other three
Qualitative effect.For table 6 intuitively in analysis, a concentration of 1500mg/L can most effective reduction plant height.Processing time, number of processes, place
Reason 3 factors in interval influence less result, and optimal level is start to process when plant is in 10cm or so, processing 4 respectively
It is secondary, primary every processing in 20 days.
Equally, it is PL1 groups so that leaf length is shortened most groups, and PM2, PL2 group are secondly.By variance analysis it is found that paclobutrazol
Application concentration, which has shortening leaf length compared with other factors, to be significantly affected.Growing the optimization process level obtained by leaf is respectively：With dense
The paclobutrazol that degree is 1500mg/L is handled, and the start to process when plant grows to 10cm or so is handled 4 times, and one was handled every 20 days
It is secondary.
9 processing groups, which all greatly reduce, looks forward to black plant development amplitude, but carries out the too small sight that can influence state orchid of amplitude
Appreciate effect.So selecting to reduce the level of stent degree minimum to be preferred plan.By the orthogonal intuitive analysis of table 4 it is found that stent
Optimization process scheme is the paclobutrazol using 500mg/L, grows to 15cm or so start to process in plant, handles 2 times, every 10 days
Processing is primary.
Consider, it is with 1000~1500mg/l paclobutrazols, until plant 10cm or so to look forward to black best dwarfing mode
Start to process is handled 3 times, best every 10~20 days processing primary effects.
Black intuitive analysis is looked forward in the processing of 4 paclobutrazol of table
Black variance analysis is looked forward in the processing of 5 paclobutrazol of table
(2) paclobutrazol processing Chinese cymbidium Wu's word kingfisher optimal conditions analysis
6 paclobutrazol of table handles the intuitive analysis of Wu word kingfisher
7 paclobutrazol of table handles the variance analysis of Wu word kingfisher
Note：* significant difference (P is represented<0.05), * * indicate pole significant difference (P<0.01)
As shown in Table 7, the start to process time of paclobutrazol is affected to Wu's word plant type, reaches significant difference.By strain
The optimization process scheme that height obtains is：Using 1500mg/L paclobutrazols, start to apply when plant height reaches 5cm, processing 4
It is secondary, it is primary every processing in 10 days.By the orthogonal test variance analysis grown to leaf it is found that the influence grown to leaf of processing time is maximum,
Pole significant difference is reached；Paclobutrazol concentration, processing interval are also affected to evening show, have reached significant difference level.By
Table 6 is it is found that the optimization process scheme for influencing leaf length is identical as plant height.And for stent, processing time and concentration are to result shadow
Sound is larger, reaches significant difference level.Understand that best processing scheme is by the intuitive analysis that table 6 obtains：Use 500mg/L
Paclobutrazol reaches 15cm or so start to process in plant, handles 4 times, primary every processing in 20 days.
Comprehensive analysis, downgrading the most suitable processing scheme of Wu word kingfisher plant is：It is being planted with 1000~1500mg/L paclobutrazols
Strain 10cm or so start to process, is handled 4 times, primary every processing in 10~20 days.
3, influence of the plant growth retardent to Chinese cymbidium biomass
(1) paclobutrazol looks forward to Chinese cymbidium the influence of black biomass：As shown in Table 8, after paclobutrazol is handled, it is dry to look forward to black plant
Weight, fresh weight all significantly reduce.PL1, PS3, PM2 processing group biomass are reduced by up to.And the variation tendency of plant weights and fresh weight
It is roughly the same.Wherein PL1 groups fresh weight reduces 61% than control, but dry weight only reduces 57%, illustrates that paclobutrazol processing increases
The opposite amount of dry matter of plant.In addition to PM3 processing, remaining each group per dry matter amount does not reach all than compareing a small amount of increase
To significant difference, illustrate that the various processing modes in addition to PM3 do not influence the dry matter content for looking forward to black unit blade.
Influence of 8 paclobutrazol of table to the black biomass of enterprise
(2) influence of the paclobutrazol to Chinese cymbidium Wu's word kingfisher biomass
Influence of 9 paclobutrazol of table to Wu's word kingfisher biomass
As shown in Table 9, paclobutrazol is not quite similar to the emerald green each processing group biomass of Wu's word.Wherein, PS3, PM3, PL3 tri-
Group, is the processing group in seedlings (the high 15cm or more of plant) period ability start to process, and fresh weight dry weight all increased compared with control.
And the relatively control of other processing group biomass reduces obviously.And the dry weight of control group/fresh weight ratio be less than each processing group, wherein PS1,
There were significant differences for PS2, PM1, PL3 processing, illustrates to handle through paclobutrazol, is more advantageous to Wu word kingfisher plant accumulation dry matter.
4, influence of the plant growth retardent to Chinese cymbidium light and characteristic
(1) paclobutrazol looks forward to Chinese cymbidium the influence of black photosynthesis characteristics
As shown in figure 5, can be seen that the PL1 groups relatively control range of decrease is 70.6% by the variation of Net Photosynthetic Rate Pn, reach notable
Sex differernce；The variation of other each groups is not notable.Wherein PM1, PS1, PL3 processing, which increase, looks forward to black Net Photosynthetic Rate.With to photograph
Than in addition to PM1 groups, other processing, which reduce, looks forward to black stomatal conductance Gs.The variation of each processing group transpiration rate Tr is also not to the utmost
Unanimously, but it is not notable with equal difference is compareed.Photosynthetic rate can be influenced to a certain extent by illustrating that paclobutrazol processing enterprise is black, enhancing or
Weaken different and different according to application program.This and PL1 group intercellulars CO2Increase also demonstrate the photosynthetic decrease of PL1 groups, cause to CO2's
It absorbs and reduces.Illustrate to downgrade apparent PL1, PM2 processing group compared with other processing more resistant to shade environment.
(2) influence of the paclobutrazol to Chinese cymbidium Wu's word kingfisher photosynthesis characteristics
Such as Fig. 6, the photosynthesis of Wu word kingfisher is weakened after paclobutrazol processing, and each processing group Pn, Gs, Tr decline.Only
Photosynthetic rate Pn entirely reaches significant difference in addition to PS1, PL3 group.Wherein PL1 groups photosynthetic rate reduces most notable, decreases by
76%, while PL1 is also the most significant processing group of Dwarf Effect on Dwarf.Show that high concentration high reps apply paclobutrazol and can weaken Wu Zicui
Photosynthesis.Stomatal conductance Gs, transpiration rate Tr variations are almost the same with Pn, and each processing group declines, and the range of decrease is most apparent
Be also PL1 groups.And intercellular CO2Variation is influenced by stomatal conductance, Mesophyll conductance and photosynthetic activity situation and changes and differ
It causes.
5, influence of the plant growth retardent to Chinese cymbidium chlorophyll content：As depicted in figures 7 and 8, paclobutrazol processing makes enterprise
Black and Wu Zicui chlorophyll content slightly reduces.
6, in conclusion after orthogonal test, drug concentration and for the first time the two factors of the time of processing are to experiment
As a result conclusive effect is played.
For looking forward to for black plant, best dwarfing mode is with 1000~1500mg/L paclobutrazols, until plant 10cm
Left and right start to process is handled 3~4 times, best every 10~20 days processing primary effects.Comprehensive plant height, leaf length, stent, Ye Lv
The various aspects factor of cellulose content and photosynthetic rate, it is believed that paclobutrazol processing can have in the case where not influencing plant normal growth
The dwarfing enterprise of effect is black, but to avoid high concentration multiple applications.
For Wu word kingfisher plant, most suitable processing scheme is：With 1000~1500mg/L paclobutrazols in plant
10cm or so start to process is handled 4 times, primary every processing in 10~20 days.
Wu's word kingfisher with look forward to that black to handle obtained result closely similar, it is possible to obtain the generally dwarfing side of Chinese cymbidium plant
Case：1000~1500mg/L paclobutrazols are used, until plant 10cm or so start to process, is handled 3~4 times, phase per treatment
Every 10~20 days best results.Chinese cymbidium plant dwarf degree can reach 40% after processing, and Plant state is good after processing.
The research that 3 plant growth retardent of embodiment grows sword-leaved cymbidium
1, experiment material
Using the gold rainbow in China blue sword-leaved cymbidium Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. as test material.Per basin kind
4~7 plants of maternal plant is planted in 3.5 cun of plastics flowerpots, using stone mixed fermentation peanut shell as matrix culture.
Plant growth retardent selects two kinds, 15% paclobutrazol (PP of Sichuan Guoguang Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd.'s production333) powder
Agent, 50% daminozide (B9) pulvis of Sichuan Guoguang Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd.'s production.
2, experimental design
(1) design of paclobutrazol is as shown in table 10, and daminozide sets three various concentrations (as shown in table 11).
According to orthogonal test before best processing time, number of processes are obtained as a result, having screened and between processing time
Every.But the growth of state orchid can be inhibited by repeatedly being handled with higher concentration, influence the stent of its plant, to influence the ornamental effect of state orchid
Fruit.Therefore this time experiment need to be explored how while dwarfed plant, moreover it is possible to not inhibit the growth of plant to make plant leaf as possible
It is normal to carry out.(leaf bud of processing kainogenesis) when toeatment period is high 10cm of plant or so is set, is handled 4 times, between processing time
It is divided into 20 days.Shown in specific processing scheme table 10.
10 paclobutrazol experimental design of table
11 daminozide experimental design of table
(2) processing mode：Plant growth retardent applies that foliar spray mode is used (to moisten with all processing blade surfaces and be
Principle), it is control with clear water；Sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow, about 4~6 plants of a basin, 4~6 bud of new leaf bud apply delayer 10ml per bud；
10 buds are often handled, are repeated three times.
3, project and assay method are measured
(1) measurement of growth increment：From 1~80 day started using plant growth retardent, measured every 20 days each
Length of blade, plant height, blade stent and the false stem thickness of processing group plant.
(2) measurement of plant strain growth index：After 80 days, often processing group randomly selects 3 plants, and single plant is measured most after in vitro
The width of linear leaf, leaf area, plant fresh weight, dry weight.
(3) measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) content：Using thiobarbituricacidα- method (Zhao Shijie etc., 2002).
(4) activities of antioxidant enzymes measures：Including superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity
(using guaiacol method), catalase (CAT) activity (using ultraviolet spectrophotometry).
(5) measurement of total Soluble Sugar and soluble protein content.
(6) measurement of photosynthesis characteristics, the measurement of chlorophyll content, same to above-described embodiment.
(7) data analysis：Data statistics is carried out using Excel 2010 and 17.0 statistical softwares of SPSS, with single factor test side
Difference analyses (one-way ANOVA), least significant difference method (LSD) and similar subset (Duncan) Multiple range test different disposal group
The difference of data.
4, experimental result
(1) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow growing state
1) influence of the paclobutrazol to gold rainbow growing state
As shown in figure 9, P1, P2 processing group can reduce gold rainbow plant plant height and leaf it is long, while also making its blade
Stent reduces.The growth rate of P1, P2 group gold rainbow is similar, but P1 groups are slightly above P2 groups after handling 20 days.So can
To speculate that the length of blade and plant height of two processing group of P1, P2 can become closer to the increase of processing number of days.Blade stent
Rate of rise is also that P1 groups are slightly larger than P2 groups, but when due to P2 group start to process blade carried out it is larger, so finally P2 groups
About 2cms more compared with P1 groups are still unfolded.Illustrate that influence of the toeatment period to stent is more than influence of the concentration for the treatment of to stent.
2) influence of the daminozide to gold rainbow growing state
As shown in Figure 10, little by daminozide treated plant height, length of blade and the blade stent range of decrease, it downgrades
Unobvious.Moreover, the daminozide of 2000mg/L does not have dwarfing effect to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow.
(2) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow morphological index
The influence of 13 daminozide of table, uniconazole P and paclobutrazol to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow morphological index
Table 13 shows the upgrowth situation of the gold rainbow after two kinds of delayers are handled 80 days.Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is best for S3
Plant height and leaf length are reduced 18.7% and 28.7% compared with the control, it is horizontal to reach pole significant difference by processing group respectively.Its
Secondary, the plant height of two processing groups P1, P2 of paclobutrazol also reduces 17.8% and 7.4% respectively.And the suitable dwarfing of daminozide
Concentration is in 6000mg/L or more.
In addition, all relatively control is reduced the blade stent of all processing groups, wherein it is P1 processing groups to reduce at most,
Remaining each group reduction degree is not notable, and wherein B3 and P2 processing stents are maximum.Each false stem thickness degree of processing is increased slightly control, blade
Processing group of different size variation is different, but the two and the difference that compares that there are no significant, illustrates two kinds of delayers to leaf width and vacation stem
Thick influence is little.
(3) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow biomass
The influence of 14 daminozide of table, paclobutrazol to sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow biomass
In addition to P2 processing, remaining all processing group fresh weight dry weight reduces compared with the control.Wherein fresh weight reduces apparent,
Reach significant difference.Its biomass range of decrease of the most significant P1 processing group of the plant height range of decrease is also maximum.And P2 processing increases plant
The fresh weight and dry weight of strain, and amplification is very big, has reached 18.1% and 24.0%, illustrates that the delayer processing mode of P2 groups can
The effective biomass for increasing plant.And pass through unit of account amount of dry matter, each group all increased than control, but without notable
Sex differernce.
(4) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow activities of antioxidant enzymes and mda content
As shown in figure 11, the POD activity of all processing group plant is below control (A figures).Each processing group with compare equal nothing
Significant difference, 2 kinds of growth retardant processing do not affect greatly (B figures) plant SOD activity.Cat catalase
Activity and each processing group of SOD activity there are no significant compared with the control difference (C figures).Different disposal is to gold rainbow MDA contents
It influences to be not up to significant difference (D figures).
(5) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow soluble sugar and soluble protein (Resistant index) content：
As shown in Figure 12, relatively control improves for P1 processing group soluble sugar and soluble protein content, illustrates to be made with the processing mode of P1
Plant has stronger osmotic adjustment ability, can enhance the resistance of plant.
(6) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow chlorophyll content
As shown in figure 13, Integrated comparative, the chlorophyll content and control group of P1 processing are closest.
(7) influence of the plant growth retardent to gold rainbow photosynthetic physiology
According to test result before, determine that B3, P1, P2 processing group have good Dwarf Effect on Dwarf to gold rainbow.So
Selection B3, P1, P2 group plant measures its photosynthesis characteristics.
As shown in figure 14, the Net Photosynthetic Rate of tri- processing groups of B3, P1, P2 is improved, and is all improved compared with control
14.7% or more.In short, these three processing modes can improve the photosynthesis of sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow, the wherein place of P2 processing group
Reason mode best results.
In conclusion this Test Summary last time orthogonal test, devises and applies low concentration reagent when plant is more immature,
As growing tall for plant gradually increases delayed growth agent concentration again.As a result show before such method substantially improves really due to
The too small drawback of plant stent caused by high concentration multiple applications.Two kinds of processing modes of P1, P2 have apparent Dwarf Effect on Dwarf, and
P2 processing influences the stent of plant less, to optimize the plant type of gold rainbow well.And pass through to every physical signs
Experiment also turns out that two kinds of processing modes do not have harmful effect to plant strain growth, and improves the photosynthesis of plant.Illustrate two kinds
Mode can be used as excellent dwarfing scheme and use.In contrast, the Dwarf Effect on Dwarf of daminozide is relatively poor, and only B3 processing is
The concentration of 6000mg/L can reduce plant height, and high concentration be easy to cause poisoning using daminozide, and residue is carcinogenic, so fourth
Hydrazides is not suitable dwarfing agent for gold rainbow.
Therefore, two kinds of processing modes of P2, P1 are best to the Dwarf Effect on Dwarf of sword-leaved cymbidium gold rainbow, and the stent of blade is not yet
Can be too small, it can ensure the beauty of plant type while dwarfed plant, can be used for production practices.
Research of 4 plant growth retardent of embodiment to growth of hybrid orchid
1, test material
(1) plant：Sword-leaved cymbidium (Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw.) and hybrid cymbidium (Cymbidium
Hubridum) cenospecies-Taibei Miss.Per basin, 3~5 plants of maternal plant of plantation is in 3.5 cun of plastics flowerpots, with stone mixed fermentation
Peanut shell is matrix culture.
(2) 15% paclobutrazol (PP333) pulvis and 50% daminozide (B9) pulvis.
2, experimental design
(1) plant delayer application program is the same as gold rainbow above.Uniquely difference lies in the period of start to process differences.Often
6 buds are handled, are repeated three times.Daminozide sets three various concentrations, respectively daminozide 2000mg/L, 4000mg/L, 6000mg/L.
It is consistent with gold rainbow.Because Taibei Miss has the characteristic of maternal hybrid cymbidium, blade is soft fine long, and leaf length is reachable
80cm, so the toeatment period that setting starts is high 13cm of plant or so (leaf bud of processing kainogenesis), number of processes is 4 times,
It is divided between processing time 20 days.Experimental design such as table 15, sprays the medicament of various concentration in different times respectively, sprays altogether 3 times.
15 paclobutrazol experimental design of table
(2) processing mode：Plant growth retardent applies that foliar spray mode is used (to moisten with all processing blade surfaces and be
Principle), it is control with clear water；About 3~6 plants of one basin, 2~4 bud of new leaf bud apply delayer 10ml per bud；Often handle 6 buds, three
Secondary repetition.
3, project, assay method and data analysis are measured, with embodiment 3.
4, experimental result and analysis
(1) influence of the plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's growing state
1) influence of the paclobutrazol to Taibei Miss's growth rate：As shown in figure 15, it is small to reduce the Taibei for P1, P2 processing group
The plant height and leaf of elder sister plant are long, while also reduce its blade stent, illustrate that P1, P2 processing can reach excellent dwarfing effect
Fruit.P1, P2 processing leaf are long, plant height is all similar, and P2 processing group plant heights are slightly below P1 groups.Each processing group is planted known to slope from figure
The growth rate of strain, P1, P2 processing can all be such that the plant height of Taibei Miss, leaf length, the rate of rise of stent is obviously reduced, thus it is speculated that place
Reason group plant can stop growing in advance.
2) influence of the daminozide to Taibei Miss's growing state：As shown in Figure 16, high by daminozide treated plant
Degree, length of blade and blade stent range of decrease very little, and three processing group leaf growth rates differ all little with control, illustrate three
The daminozide processing of kind concentration is weaker to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's Dwarf Effect on Dwarf.
(2) influence of the plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's morphological index
Table 16 shows the upgrowth situation of the gold rainbow after three kinds of delayers are handled 80 days.Plant height reduces most two
Group is P2, P1 group, and it is horizontal to reach pole significant difference.And it is P1 groups to reduce most processing groups to leaf length, is equally reached extremely significantly
Difference；Therefore the best processing of Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is P1 processing.Though three processing groups using daminozide all decrease plant height,
But in addition to B2, B1, B3 processing slightly increase the length of blade, illustrate that the suitable dwarfing concentration of daminozide should be 6000mg/L
Or more.In addition to B3 processing slightly increases blade stent, remaining each processing group reduces stent, wherein reducing most is
P1 groups, reach significant difference.B3, P1, P2 processing also add the false stem thickness of plant, and wherein P2 groups increase 18.2%, reach
To significant difference.And the influence respectively handled to leaf width is inconsistent, and all do not reach significant difference.
16 daminozide of table, influence of the paclobutrazol to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's morphological index
(3) influence of the plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's biomass
It is all to handle the fresh weight and dry weight for reducing Taibei Miss by table 17, and all reach significant difference.Wherein
The preferable P1 processing biomass of Dwarf Effect on Dwarf reduces most.But P2 processing increases per dry matter amount on a small quantity, illustrates this place
Reason is conducive to plant accumulation nutritional ingredient.Remaining each processing makes per dry wt reduce, and reaches significant difference, illustrates this
A little processing are conducive to the accumulation of plant moisture.
17 daminozide of table, influence of the paclobutrazol to Taibei Miss's biomass
(4) plant growth retardent is to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's activities of antioxidant enzymes and malonaldehyde (resistance index) content
Influence：As shown in figure 17, it is active (A figures) not significantly change Taibei Miss POD for each processing group.B2 processing group compared with the control
SOD activity is set significantly to increase 19.5%, the variation of B1, B3 processing group is little, and two processing groups P1, P2 for applying paclobutrazol then drop
Low SOD activity, wherein P2 decrease by significant difference level 15.2% (B figures).Plant growth retardent is to Taibei Miss
The active activity for influencing to compare SOD and POD of CAT is big, and each processing group reduces CAT activity, illustrates plant growth retardent
This processing mode so that plant is accumulated extra hydrogen peroxide, plant is not caused to coerce, so corresponding enzyme activity
Property also without increase (C figures).Each processing MDA contents are all not much different with control group content, illustrate that each processing mode does not make
Taibei Miss accumulates excessive oxidizing substance, harmless to plant (D figures).
(5) influence of the plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's soluble sugar and soluble protein content：Such as figure
Shown in 18, compared with the control, the changes of contents of each processing group soluble sugar is not notable (A figures).The soluble protein of each processing group
Content is all lower than control group, and has all reached significant difference, illustrates that the application of growth retardant can make Taibei Miss soluble
The accumulation of albumen reduces (B figures).
Consider, P1 and P2 processing group soluble sugars and soluble protein content are more preferable compared with other processing, illustrate to select
The processing mode of paclobutrazol P1, P2 grow advantageously plant leaf blade.
(6) the influence such as Figure 19 of plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's chlorophyll content, Integrated comparative, processing
Group P1, B3 is more excellent compared with other processing.
(7) influence of the plant growth retardent to hybrid orchid Taibei Miss's photosynthetic physiology is as shown in figure 20, B3, P1, P2 tri-
A processing makes the Net Photosynthetic Rate of Taibei Miss significantly increase, and significantly improves photosynthesis.In conclusion paclobutrazol P1, P2
Two kinds of processing modes significantly reduce plant height in the case where making the plant good blade stent of holding and leaf is long, reach very
Good Dwarf Effect on Dwarf, optimizes the plant type of Taibei Miss, so that short and small tall and straight, the blade shortening of plant type is thickend, the increasing of plant photosynthetic capacity
By force.Therefore, two kinds of processing modes of P1, P2 are best to the Dwarf Effect on Dwarf of hybrid orchid Taibei Miss, it is proposed that are used for production practices.
Claims (9)
1. paclobutrazol is in regulation and control state's orchid plant type or the application in terms of the preparation for preparing regulation and control state orchid plant type, which is characterized in that institute
State the cenospecies that state orchid is Chinese cymbidium, sword-leaved cymbidium or sword-leaved cymbidium and hybrid cymbidium；Regulation and control state orchid plant type refers to dwarfed plant, makes plant type
It is compact and do not influence plant leaf stent, to keep good plant type, it can ensure U.S. of plant type while dwarfed plant
It sees.
2. a kind of method using paclobutrazol regulation and control state orchid plant type, which is characterized in that be to be sprayed paclobutrazol in the way of foliar spray
It applies on state's orchid blade, until processing blade surface moistening；The state orchid is hybridizing for Chinese cymbidium, sword-leaved cymbidium or sword-leaved cymbidium and hybrid cymbidium
Kind；Regulation and control state orchid plant type refers to dwarfed plant, keeps plant type compact and do not influence plant leaf stent, to keep good
Good plant type, can ensure the beauty of plant type while dwarfed plant.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, a concentration of 500mg/L ~ 1500mg/L of the paclobutrazol.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, be until when plant is grown to 5 ~ 15cm, start with 500 ~
The paclobutrazol of 1500mg/L is handled, primary every processing in 10 ~ 20 days, is handled 3 ~ 4 times.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, until plant grows to start to process when 9 ~ 11cm.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, primary every processing in 20 days.
7. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, coprocessing 3 times.
8. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, be until plant grow to when 10 ~ 13cm carry out for the first time it is more
Imitate the processing of azoles foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 200mg/L；When plant to be planted is grown to 15 ~ 18cm, carry out at second of paclobutrazol foliar spray
Reason, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 700mg/L；When plant to be planted is grown to 20 ~ 22cm, the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol are carried out
Spraying concentration 1200mg/L；
Or until plant grows to the processing of progress first time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 500mg/L when 15 ~ 17cm；It waits for
When plant is grown to 18 ~ 22cm, second of paclobutrazol foliar spray processing, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1000mg/L are carried out；Plant to be planted grow to
When 22 ~ 25cm, the processing of third time paclobutrazol foliar spray, paclobutrazol spraying concentration 1500mg/L are carried out.
9. application of any the method for claim 2 ~ 8 in terms of regulation and control state orchid plant type, which is characterized in that the state orchid is ink
The cenospecies of blue, sword-leaved cymbidium or sword-leaved cymbidium and hybrid cymbidium；Regulation and control state orchid plant type refer to dwarfed plant, keep plant type compact and
Plant leaf stent is not influenced, to keep good plant type, can ensure the beauty of plant type while dwarfed plant.
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