CN106050128A - Drill bit self-rotation type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drill bit self-rotating pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. In order to solve the problems that the large power of the deep hole drilling machine cannot be effectively exerted and the fatigue fracture of the drill rod in the non-excavation drilling, it includes a pneumatic transmission device and a rotary mechanism. device and drill bit connection device; wherein: the pneumatic transmission device includes a piston and an outer tube; the rotary mechanism device includes a guide sleeve, a roller and a transmission sleeve; the drill bit connection device includes a drill bit; the guide sleeve is installed in the outer tube, and a transition fit is used between the two. The left end surface of the guide sleeve is in contact with the right end surface of the positioning platform in the outer tube, the transmission sleeve is installed in the outer tube on the left side of the guide sleeve, and the gap fit is adopted between the two, the right end surface of the transmission sleeve is in contact with the left end surface of the positioning platform , one end of the roller is installed in the regular groove at the right end of the transmission sleeve, and the two are slidingly connected; the other end of the roller is installed on the piston, and the two are threaded; the drill bit connecting device is connected with the right end of the drill bit. The left end of the drive sleeve is splined.

Description

A self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer

technical field

The invention relates to a pneumatic tool used in projects such as trenchless drilling, tunnel pipe shed construction and seabed sampling drilling. More precisely, the invention relates to a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer.

Background technique

Pneumatic down-the-hole hammers are mainly used for drilling holes in rocks. Pneumatic down-the-hole hammer drilling is featured in various drilling fields due to its high drilling efficiency, long bit life, low drilling cost, no need to configure well cleaning media, and suitable for all-weather construction operations. a great application prospect.

Pneumatic down-the-hole hammer uses compressed air as the power medium. When drilling, the down-the-hole hammer continuously applies its impact energy to the bottom of the hole through the drill bit, and the whole drilling tool rotates together with the rotary mechanism of the drilling rig, so that the drill bit rotates continuously and impacts the rock mass intermittently. The rock powder formed during the drilling process is discharged out of the hole along with the compressed air flowing through the annular space between the drill pipe and the hole wall.

In many cases, such as drilling deep holes, trenching engineering, etc., the high power of the drilling rig cannot be effectively used, resulting in waste. In trenchless drilling, full drill tool rotation will bring many unfavorable factors, such as drill pipe fatigue fracture, hole wall disturbance and so on.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems that the large power of the deep hole drilling machine cannot be effectively exerted and the fatigue fracture of the drill rod in the non-excavation drilling, and provide a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer with a drill bit that can rotate by itself.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions: the self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer includes a pneumatic transmission device, a rotary mechanism device and a drill bit connecting device;

The pneumatic transmission device includes a piston and an outer tube;

The slewing mechanism device includes guide sleeves, rollers and transmission sleeves;

The drill bit connection device includes a drill bit;

The guide sleeve is installed in the outer tube, and a transition fit is adopted between the two. The left end surface of the guide sleeve is in contact with the right end surface of the positioning platform in the outer tube, and the transmission sleeve is installed in the outer tube on the left side of the guide sleeve. With clearance fit, the right end face of the drive sleeve is in contact with the left end face of the positioning table, one end of the roller is installed in the regular groove at the right end of the drive sleeve, and the two are slidingly connected; the other end of the roller is installed on the piston, The two are threaded; the drill bit connecting device adopts a spline connection through the right end of the drill bit and the left end of the drive sleeve.

The pneumatic transmission device described in the technical solution also includes an upper joint, a check valve, an air distribution seat and an inner cylinder; the left end of the upper joint is connected to the right end of the outer pipe through threads, and the check valve, the air distribution seat and the inner cylinder The cylinder is installed in the outer tube, and the piston is installed in the inner cylinder. The large end of the piston and the inner cylinder are slidingly connected. At the same time, the piston is set on the air distribution rod of the air distribution seat through the central through hole. For sliding connection, excessive fit is adopted between the inner cylinder and the outer pipe, the right end surface of the inner cylinder is in contact with the left end surface of the air distribution seat body in the air distribution seat, and the connection between the air distribution seat body and the outer pipe in the air distribution seat The transition fit is adopted, and the check valve is installed in the large-diameter hole at the right end of the air distribution seat, and the right end surface of the air distribution seat is in contact with the left end surface of the upper joint.

The upper joint described in the technical proposal is a hollow stepped ring-shaped structural member, and the center of the upper joint is provided with a stepped hole in the axial direction. The diameter of the middle hole is smaller than the diameter of the left end hole and larger than the diameter of the right end hole, that is, the diameter of the air inlet hole. The diameter of the middle hole is equal to the ring-shaped boss at the right end of the valve core of the check valve. The outer cylindrical surface of the left end torus of the upper joint is provided with an external thread connected with the right end hole of the outer pipe.

The inner cylinder described in the technical solution is a ring-shaped structural member with a stepped hole in the center along the axial direction. The stepped holes of the inner cylinder are No. 1 hole, No. 2 hole, No. 3 hole and No. 4 hole from left to right. No.1 hole, the diameter of No.1 hole is equal to No.3 hole, the diameter of No.2 hole is smaller than the diameter of No.1 hole and No.3 hole, the diameter of No.4 hole is smaller than the diameter of No.2 hole; the diameter of No.2 hole is larger than the piston The diameters of the ends are equal, and the hole wall of the No. 2 hole of the inner cylinder is uniformly and symmetrically arranged with the front air hole and the rear air hole along the axial direction. /3, the axial dimension of the No. 2 hole wall is equal to the axial dimension of the annular groove at the big end of the piston.

The gas distribution seat described in the technical proposal is integrated with the gas distribution rod and the gas distribution seat body. Both the gas distribution rod and the gas distribution seat body are cylindrical structural parts, and the rotation axes of the gas distribution rod and the gas distribution seat body are collinear. , the center of the air distribution seat is provided with a coaxial stepped through hole along the axial direction, the small diameter hole at the left end of the stepped through hole is the gas distribution rod air channel, and the large diameter hole at the right end of the stepped through hole is used to install the spring and the valve core , on the left end surface of the gas distribution seat body, there is a ring-shaped boss, the diameter of the gas distribution seat body is equal to the inner diameter of the outer tube, and a pair of L-shaped gas distribution holes are symmetrically arranged on the gas distribution seat body along the axial direction. The outer diameter of the torus-shaped boss on the left end face of the air seat body is equal to the diameter of the right end hole of the inner cylinder.

The piston described in the technical proposal is a stepped shaft structure, which is composed of a large end, a middle section and a small end. The piston is provided with a central through hole in the axial direction that is fitted with the gas distribution rod on the gas distribution seat. The circumference of the large end is An annular groove is arranged in the middle of the surface, and four threaded holes for fixing the rollers are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the left end of the small end of the piston.

The guide sleeve described in the technical solution is a circular ring structure, and a central through hole is arranged at the center thereof. The outer diameter of the guide sleeve is equal to the inner diameter of the outer tube, and the inner diameter of the guide sleeve is equal to the outer diameter of the middle section of the piston. Two T-shaped air passages with the same structure are symmetrically arranged on the wall of the guide sleeve in the axial direction. The T-shaped air passage is composed of an axial through hole and a radial through hole. The holes are perpendicular to each other and connected, the axial through hole and the radial through hole form a T-shaped air channel, and the axial position of the radial through hole in the guide sleeve is 1/3 of the axial length of the guide sleeve from the left end surface of the guide sleeve.

The transmission sleeve described in the technical proposal is a sleeve structure, the inner hole wall at the left end of the transmission sleeve is provided with an inner spline connected with the right end of the drill bit, the outer diameter of the transmission sleeve is equal to the inner diameter of the outer pipe; the inner diameter of the right end of the transmission sleeve is There are regular grooves processed on the hole wall, that is, eight axial grooves are processed on the inner hole wall on the inner side of the right end of the transmission sleeve, and the eight axial grooves are evenly distributed on the inner hole wall on the inner right end of the transmission sleeve. 8 A chute slots and 8 B chute slots are processed at the right end of the right end, eight axial slots intersect with 8 A chute slots and 8 B chute slots, and the right ends of two adjacent axial slots intersect with 2 A chute slots and Two B chutes intersect with each other to form a W shape. The A chute forms a negative 45° angle with the axis of the drive sleeve, and the B chute forms a positive 45° angle with the axis of the drive sleeve. There are 8 A chute and 8 B chute The right end intersects with 8 uniformly distributed axial grooves.

The drill connecting device described in the technical solution also includes a drill snap ring, a lower joint and an anti-drop joint; the drill snap ring is fixed in the outer tube through its external thread, and the left end face of the drill snap ring is in contact with the right end face of the lower joint. The lower joint is connected on the outer pipe by its right-hand external thread, the left end surface of the lower joint is connected with the shoulder of the drill bit, and the left end of the inner hole of the anti-drop joint is threadedly connected with the drill bit.

The outer tube described in the technical solution is a cylindrical structural member, and a stepped hole is arranged in the axial direction at its center. In the order from right to left, the first section of the hole is a threaded hole that is matched with the upper joint, and the second section The second hole is a light hole that is connected with the air distribution seat, and the third hole is a light hole that does not cooperate with the parts. The diameter of the third hole is larger than the diameter of the second hole and the fourth hole. The fourth hole It is a light hole that is connected with the inner cylinder and the guide sleeve in turn. The fifth hole is a light hole that does not cooperate with the parts, also known as the positioning platform. The diameter of the fifth hole is smaller than the diameter of the fourth hole and the sixth hole. Diameter, the sixth section hole is the smooth hole for matching with the drive sleeve, the seventh section hole is the threaded hole for cooperating with the drill snap ring, the eighth section hole is the threaded hole for cooperating with the lower joint, the seventh section hole is the The diameter is larger than the diameter of the sixth hole, the diameter of the eighth hole is larger than the diameter of the seventh hole, the first hole to the eighth hole are connected in sequence, and the rotation axes of the first hole to the eighth hole are collinear.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The rotary mechanism device in the drill self-rotating type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer of the present invention is inside the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer instead of the ground surface. When drilling deep holes, digging projects, etc., the drill pipe does not rotate with the drill bit. Therefore, the drilling equipment can be simplified, the stress of the drill string can be improved, the vibration of the drill string can be reduced, and the service life of the drilling tool can be prolonged, which is of great significance to geological exploration and engineering implementation.

2. The self-rotating type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer rotary mechanism device of the present invention uses the compressed air of the air compressor to drive the down-the-hole hammer to impact, releasing a large impact energy and improving work efficiency.

3. The self-rotating drill bit rotary mechanism device of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer described in the present invention is mainly used for drilling holes in rocks, so that the drill bit rotates continuously and impacts the rock mass intermittently. The rock powder formed during the drilling process is discharged out of the hole along with the compressed air flowing through the annular space between the drill pipe and the hole wall.

4. A self-rotating drill bit pneumatic DTH hammer according to the present invention is suitable for hard rock, because the brittleness of hard rock is large, under the impact load, in addition to the direct crushing of local rock, the rock at the contact position of the drill bit will produce cracks and form A crushing zone that produces debris of larger particles. Compared with ordinary drilling machinery, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer will have a greater drilling speed. Pneumatic down-the-hole hammer can also overcome some difficult drilling conditions, such as drilling in pebble and gravel layers and floating gravel layers.

5. The main application fields of a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention are: solid mineral exploration, placer deposit exploration, engineering geological exploration, water well drilling construction and mine shaft construction, etc.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is a full sectional view on the front view of the structural composition of a drill self-rotating type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a full sectional view on the front view of the structural composition of a drill self-rotating type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer at the initial stage of the return stroke according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a full sectional view on the front view of the structural composition of a drill self-rotating type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer piston stroke initial stage of the present invention;

Fig. 4-a is a front view of the positional relationship between the transmission sleeve, the piston and the roller in a drill self-rotating pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention;

Fig. 4-b is a left view of the positional relationship between the transmission sleeve, the piston and the roller in a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of regular grooves on the inner surface of the drive sleeve in a drill bit self-rotating type pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a full section on the front view of the piston structure in a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention

Fig. 7 is a full sectional view on the front view of the structural composition of the check valve in a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a full cross-sectional view on the front view of the structure composition of the guide sleeve in a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Upper joint, 2. Check valve, 3. Spring, 4. Gas distribution seat, 5. Inner cylinder, 6. Piston, 7. Guide sleeve, 8. Outer pipe, 9. Roller, 10. Transmission sleeve, 11. Drill snap ring, 12. Lower joint, 13. Anti-drop joint, 14. Drill, 15. Axial groove, 16. A chute, 17. Positioning table, 18. Center through hole, 19. Front Air chamber, 20. the left end face of the large end of the piston, 21. the forward air hole, 22. the rear air intake hole, 23. the right end face of the large end of the piston, 24. the rear air chamber, 25. the small end of the piston, 26. the middle section of the piston, 27. Piston big end, 28. air distribution rod, 29. air passage of air distribution rod, 30. air distribution hole, 31. T-shaped air passage, 32. spline, 33. B chute.

detailed description

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

The self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer of the present invention mainly solves the problem that the drill bit of the current pneumatic down-the-hole hammer cannot rotate by itself. The present invention adds a rotary mechanism device inside the down-the-hole hammer, which can solve the problems that cannot be solved by the prior art in projects such as drilling deep holes and digging grooves.

Referring to Figure 1, the self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer includes a pneumatic transmission device, a rotary mechanism device and a drill bit connection device.

The pneumatic transmission device includes an upper joint 1 , a check valve 2 , a gas distribution seat 4 , an inner cylinder 5 , a piston 6 and an outer tube 8 .

The pneumatic transmission means that the compressed air enters the inside of the down-the-hole hammer through the upper joint 1 and acts on the piston 6, causing the piston 6 to perform stroke and return movements. When the piston 6 reciprocates, the transmission sleeve 10 generates Rotate intermittently, thereby drive drill bit 14 to rotate.

The outer tube 8 is a circular cylindrical structural member, and a stepped hole is arranged in the axial direction at its center. In the order from right to left, the first section of the hole is a threaded hole that is matched with the upper joint 1, and the second section of the hole is The second section hole is a light hole that is connected with the gas distribution seat 4, and the third section hole is a light hole that does not cooperate with the parts. The diameter of the third section hole is larger than the diameter of the second section hole and the fourth section hole. The hole is a light hole that is sequentially connected with the inner cylinder 5 and the guide sleeve 7, and the fifth hole is a light hole that does not cooperate with the parts, which is the positioning platform 17. The diameter of the fifth hole is smaller than that of the fourth hole and the sixth hole. The diameter of the section hole, the sixth section hole is the light hole that is connected with the transmission sleeve 10, the seventh section hole is the threaded hole that is matched with the drill snap ring 11, and the eighth section hole is the threaded hole that is matched with the lower joint 12 , the diameter of the seventh section hole is larger than the diameter of the sixth section hole, the diameter of the eighth section hole is larger than the diameter of the seventh section hole, the first section hole to the eighth section hole are connected in sequence, the first section hole to the eighth section hole The axes of rotation are collinear.

The upper joint 1 is the connecting part of the drill pipe of the automatic rotary pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. The upper joint 1 is a hollow stepped annular structural member. The center of the upper joint 1 is provided with a stepped hole in the axial direction. The left end hole of the stepped hole is The diameter of the check valve 2 is the largest, most of the spool of the check valve 2 is in the left end hole of the stepped hole, and the check valve 2 is in the open state; the middle hole of the stepped hole is the ring at the right end of the check valve 2 The diameter of the middle hole is smaller than the diameter of the left end hole, which is greater than the diameter of the right end hole, that is, the diameter of the air intake hole. The diameter of the middle hole is equal to the diameter of the circular boss at the right end of the check valve 2 valve core. The spool of the check valve 2 closes the check valve 2 under the action of the spring 3, that is, the middle hole of the stepped hole of the upper joint 1 is in close contact with the circular boss at the right end of the check valve 2 to close the check valve 2; The outer cylindrical surface of the left end of the upper joint 1 is provided with an external thread, and the upper joint 1 is connected to the right end hole of the outer pipe 8, that is, the first section of the hole through the external thread, and the compressed air can enter the inner cylinder 5 through the upper joint 1 to push Piston 6 moves.

The check valve 2 is composed of a spring 3 and a valve core, and the spring 3 is fixed in the groove of the gas distribution seat 4 . The spool is a shaft structure, and there is a ring-shaped boss around the right end of the spool, which is fitted or disengaged from the middle hole of the stepped hole of the upper joint 1 to realize the closed or opened state of the check valve 2; The center of the left end of the core is axially provided with a blind hole for inlaying the spring 3, and the left end of the valve core is clearance fit with the right end hole at the center of the right end of the valve seat 4, which facilitates the axial movement of the valve core. The effect of the check valve 2 is to only allow gas to enter the inner cylinder 5, and to prevent the reverse flow of gas.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the gas distribution seat 4 is integrated with the gas distribution seat body by the gas distribution rod 28, the gas distribution rod 28 and the gas distribution seat body are all cylindrical structural parts, and the gas distribution rod 28 and the gas distribution seat body are all cylindrical structural parts. The axis of rotation of the gas seat body is collinear, and the center of the gas distribution seat 4 is provided with a coaxial stepped through hole along the axial direction. The large-diameter hole is used to install the spring 3 and the left end of the valve core. There is a ring-shaped boss on the left end surface of the gas distribution seat. When the piston stroke is about to end, the circular boss will be filled with some gas, reducing the piston High-speed impact, play a buffer role. The diameter of the gas distribution seat body is equal to the inner diameter of the outer pipe 8, and there is a transition fit between the two. A pair of L-shaped gas distribution holes 30 are symmetrically arranged on the gas distribution seat body along the axial direction. The outer diameter of the torus-shaped boss of the gas distribution seat body of the gas distribution seat 4 is equal to the diameter of the inner cylinder 5 right-hand end hole, the two are set together, and the outer diameter of the torus-shaped boss of the gas distribution seat body of the gas distribution seat 4 The left end face is in contact with the right end face of the inner cylinder 5 . The gas distribution rod air channel 29 of the gas distribution rod 28 of the gas distribution seat 4 communicates with the central through hole 18 of the piston 6, and the air distribution between the two, the compressed air can pass through the gas distribution hole 30 of the gas distribution seat 4 and the inner cylinder 5. The front air hole 21 reaches the front air chamber 19, and the air pressure in the front air chamber 19 increases to push the piston 6 to perform a return movement. Wherein the distributing rod 28 is in clearance fit with the central through hole 18 of the piston 6, the piston 6 can slide freely on the distributing rod 28, and the distributing rod 28 can play a guiding role. The shaft shoulder on the left end surface of the air distribution seat 4 is in contact with the right end surface of the inner cylinder 5 .

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, the piston 6 is a stepped shaft structure, which is composed of a large end 27, a middle section 26 and a small end 25. There is an axial through hole in the middle of the piston 6, which is connected with the gas distribution seat 4. Rod 28 fits. Among them, an annular groove is arranged in the middle of the surface of the big end 27, and its function is that the gas can enter the front air chamber 19 through the air inlet hole 21 of the inner cylinder 5 during the return stroke of the piston 6; The rear air intake hole 22 of 5 enters the rear air chamber 24; the middle section of the piston 26 contacts and cooperates with the guide sleeve 7 in the stroke stage, and the front air chamber 19 is sealed at this moment; The threaded hole of sub-9. Roller 9 is installed on the left end of piston small end 25 to realize the connection and transmission between piston 6 and transmission sleeve 10 .

Referring to Fig. 1, the inner cylinder 5 is the transmission carrier of the pneumatic transmission device, the inner cylinder 5 is a ring-shaped structural member with a stepped hole axially arranged at the center, and the stepped holes of the inner cylinder 5 are sequentially arranged from left to right Holes No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4. The diameters of No. 1 and No. 3 holes are equal. The diameter of No. 2 holes is smaller than the diameter of No. 1 and No. 3 holes. The diameter of No. 4 holes is smaller than The diameter of the No. 2 hole; there is clearance fit between the No. 2 hole and the piston big end 27, that is, the diameter of the No. 2 hole is equal to the diameter of the piston big end (27), and the inner cylinder 5 is divided into the front air chamber by the piston big end 27 19 and rear air chamber 24. On the hole wall of the No. 2 hole of the inner cylinder 5, two radial through holes are evenly and symmetrically arranged in the axial direction, and they are respectively the front air intake hole 21 and the rear air intake hole 22. At 1/3 and 2/3 of the axial dimension of the hole wall, when the piston 6 is installed in the inner cylinder 5, the axial dimension of the annular groove at the big end 27 of the piston is equal to the axial dimension of the No. 2 hole wall, when the piston During 6 strokes and return stroke, guarantee that front air chamber 19 and rear air chamber 24 are closed and an air intake. It is fixed by the guide sleeve 7 and the air distribution seat 4, the left end surface of the inner cylinder 5 is in contact with the right end surface of the guide sleeve 7, and the right end surface of the inner cylinder 5 is in contact with the left end surface of the air distribution seat body of the air distribution seat 4 connect. The inner cylinder 5 is installed in the third section and the fourth section hole of the outer pipe 8, and the inner cylinder 5 and the fourth section hole of the outer pipe 8 are excessively fitted.

From right to left of the pneumatic transmission device are the upper joint 1, the check valve 2, the gas distribution seat 4, the inner cylinder 5, the piston 6 and the outer pipe 8. Wherein the left end of the upper joint 1 and the right end of the outer pipe 8 are threadedly connected. The check valve 2, the gas distribution seat 4, the inner cylinder 5 and the piston 6 are installed in the outer tube 8, the piston 6 is installed in the inner cylinder 5, and the piston big end 27 of the piston 6 is in a sliding connection with the inner cylinder 5, while the piston 6 is sleeved on the gas distribution rod 28 of the gas distribution seat 4 through the central through hole, and the piston 6 and the gas distribution rod 28 of the gas distribution seat 4 are slidingly connected. A transition fit is adopted between the inner cylinder 5 and the outer pipe 8, and the right end surface of the inner cylinder 5 is in contact with the shoulder of the air distribution seat 4, that is, the right end surface of the inner cylinder 5 and the periphery of the left end surface of the air distribution seat body in the air distribution seat 4 contact connection. The air distribution seat 4 is installed in the second section hole of the outer pipe 8, and the transition fit is adopted between the air distribution seat body in the air distribution seat 4 and the second section hole of the outer pipe 8, and the large diameter hole at the right end of the air distribution seat 4 The spring 3 of the check valve 2 and the left end of the spool are installed in sequence, and the right end surface of the gas distribution seat 4 is in contact with the left end surface of the upper joint 1. The external thread of the left end of the upper joint 1 is connected with the internal thread of the right end hole of the outer pipe 8, that is, the first section hole.

The rotary mechanism device is the main structure of a self-rotating drill bit pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention, which includes a guide sleeve 7 , a roller 9 and a transmission sleeve 10 .

When the piston strokes and returns, the roller 9 on the piston 6 moves in the groove provided on the inner hole wall at the right end of the transmission sleeve 10, so that the transmission sleeve 10 rotates at a certain angle, and the transmission sleeve 10 and the drill bit 14 are connected by a spline 32 , thereby driving the drill bit 14 to rotate a certain angle.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the positioning platform 17 is an annular body formed by processing the fifth section of the stepped hole on the outer tube 8 , that is, a circular boss. The left end surface of the positioning table 17 is contacted and connected with the right end surface of the transmission sleeve 10, and the right end surface is contacted and connected with the left end surface of the guide sleeve 7 to play a positioning role.

Referring to Fig. 8, the described guide sleeve 7 is a torus structural member, and a central through hole is arranged at its center, and the outer diameter of the guide sleeve 7 is equal to the inner diameter of the fourth section hole on the outer tube 8, and a For transition fit, the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 7 is equal to the outer diameter of the middle section 26 of the piston 6 . The smoothness of the inner wall of the guide sleeve 7 is very high, and clearance fit is adopted between the central through hole wall of the guide sleeve 7 and the middle section of the piston 26 to facilitate the sliding of the piston 6 in the guide sleeve 7 . The left end surface of the guide sleeve 7 contacts and connects with the positioning platform 17 to realize positioning, and the right end surface of the guide sleeve 7 contacts and connects with the left end surface of the inner cylinder 5 . On the guide sleeve wall of the guide sleeve 7, two T-shaped air passages 31 with the same structure are symmetrically arranged in the axial direction. The T-shaped air passage 31 is composed of an axial through hole and a radial through hole, and the axial through hole The axial through hole and the radial through hole form a T-shaped air passage 31, and the axial position of the radial through hole in the guide sleeve 7 is 1/3 of the guide sleeve on the left side of the guide sleeve 7. 7 axial length, when the piston middle section 26 breaks away from 1/3 of the guide sleeve 7 axial length, the gas in the front air chamber 19 can be discharged to the bottom of the hole through the T-shaped air passage 31 and the through hole in the center of the drill bit.

Referring to Fig. 4-a and Fig. 4-b, described roller 9 is installed on the left end of the piston small end 25 of piston 6, and roller 9 is a cylinder, is processed with screw thread at its one end, during assembly, roller 9 is screwed in the threaded hole of piston small end 25 left ends. The other end of the roller 9 is fitted with the regular groove at the right end of the transmission sleeve 10. During operation, the roller 9 moves in the regular groove of the transmission sleeve 10, and with the stroke and return movement of the piston 6, the roller 9 is driven in the regular groove. The inner movement makes the transmission sleeve 10 rotate.

Referring to Fig. 4-b, the transmission sleeve 10 is a sleeve structure, the inner spline is processed on the inner hole wall of the left end of the transmission sleeve 10, and the inner hole wall is processed with regular grooves on the right end of the transmission sleeve 10. The inner diameters of the sixth section holes of the pipe 8 are equal, and its surface finish is very high, so as to realize the smoothness of transmission. The right end face of the drive sleeve 10 is in contact with the left end face of the positioning table 17 to achieve axial positioning. The left end of the piston 6 is equipped with a roller 9 which moves in the regular groove of the drive sleeve 10 . When the piston 6 is reciprocating, the drive transmission sleeve 10 is driven to rotate intermittently. The inner hole of the left end of the transmission sleeve 10 is connected with the right end of the drill bit 14 by a spline 32, and the intermittent rotation of the transmission sleeve 10 will bring the drill bit 14 to rotate simultaneously.

Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 4-b, the diagrams are simplified schematic diagrams of the regular grooves provided on the inner hole wall of the transmission sleeve 10. Eight axial grooves 15 are processed in the inner hole wall of the right end of the transmission sleeve 10, and are evenly distributed on the inner hole wall of the right end of the transmission sleeve 10. At the right end of the axial groove 15, 8 A chute 16 and 8 B chute 33 are processed, the axial groove 15 intersects the A chute 16 and the B chute 33, and the chute between the two axial grooves 15 Intersecting, two A chute 16 and two B chute 33 form a W shape. A chute 16 forms a negative 45° angle with the axial direction of the transmission sleeve 10 , and B chute 33 forms a positive 45° angle with the axial direction of the transmission sleeve 10 . One axial groove is respectively processed to the right at the tail end of every two intersecting chute, a total of 8 axial grooves parallel to the axial groove 15 at the left end. The processing smoothness in the groove is high, and it is convenient for the roller 9 to slide in the groove. To illustrate the action of the roller 9, three positions (X, Y, Z) of the roller 9 in the groove are shown in Fig. 4-b. The roller 9 starts to move along the chute 16 from the extreme right position R shown in the right figure of Fig. 4-b, forcing the drive sleeve 10 to rotate at a certain angle in the direction indicated by the arrow. When the roller 9 reaches the position Y, the transmission sleeve stops rotating, and when the roller 9 continues to move to the extreme left position X, the transmission sleeve 10 remains motionless.

The drill connecting device includes a drill snap ring 11 , a lower joint 12 , an anti-drop joint 13 and a drill 14 .

The drill snap ring 11 is a sleeve structure, and the left end has an inwardly protruding flange, that is, a rectangular annular body in cross section, which is stuck in the groove of the drill bit 14, and the outer peripheral wall of the drill snap ring 11 is arranged The external thread of the drill snap ring 11 and the internal thread of the seventh stage hole of the outer pipe 8 make the two fixedly connected, and the drill bit 14 can be fixed and guided. The right end surface of the drill snap ring 11 is in contact with the left side shoulder of the sixth section hole in the outer tube 8 and the left end surface of the transmission sleeve 10 .

The lower joint 12 is a cylindrical structural member, an annular groove is arranged on the outer surface of its left end, and an external thread is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the right end of the lower joint 12, and the lower joint 12 is fixed in the outer pipe 8 through the thread . The right end surface of the lower joint 12 is in contact with the left side shoulder of the seventh segment hole in the outer pipe 8 and the left end surface of the drill snap ring 11 .

The anti-drop joint 13 is a ring-shaped sleeve structure, and the inner hole at the left end is provided with threads. The edge is stuck in the groove of the lower joint 12, which is used to avoid the well falling phenomenon, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the construction.

The drill bit 14 is a stepped shaft structure, the center of the drill bit 14 is provided with a central blind hole in the axial direction, and the left end of the central blind hole is provided with an oblique through hole whose rotation axis is inclined 45° to the central axis of the central blind hole. It is the gas that is expelled, which carries away the cuttings. The outer surface of the left end of the drill bit 14 is processed with an external thread and connected with the anti-drop joint 13. The right end of the drill bit 14 is provided with an external spline, which cooperates with the internal spline at the left end of the drive sleeve 10 , so that the drill bit 14 rotates with the drive sleeve 10 .

Drill bit connecting device is respectively drill snap ring 11, lower joint 12, anti-drop joint 13 and drill bit 14 from right to left. The drill snap ring 11 is fixed in the outer pipe 8 by its external thread, and the left end face of the drill snap ring 11 is in contact with the right end face of the lower joint 12 . The lower joint 12 is connected to the outer pipe 8 through the external thread at its right end, and the left end surface of the lower joint 12 is connected with the shaft shoulder of the drill bit 14 . The inner wall of the left end of the anti-drop joint 13 is threadedly connected with the drill bit 14 .

The working principle of a drill self-rotating pneumatic down-the-hole hammer described in the present invention:

Referring to Fig. 4, it is the situation when the piston 6 hits the drill bit 14 at the position (extreme left position). The dotted line represents the piston 6, and the roller 9 slides in the eight axial grooves 15 of the drive sleeve 10.

Referring to Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, during the stroke movement, the roller 9 starts to move along the A chute 16 from the extreme right position R shown in Fig. angle. When the roller 9 reaches the position Y, the transmission sleeve 10 stops rotating, and when the roller 9 continues to move to the extreme left position X, the transmission sleeve 10 remains motionless. During the return movement, the drive sleeve 10 remains stationary until the roller 9 reaches the position Z and contacts the chute 16 again. Because the apex of the A chute 16 is not aligned with the center of the axial slot 15, the rollers cannot return to the A chute 16 through which they were stroked, but instead enter the B chute 33. The continued movement of the roller 9 along the B chute 33 forces the drive sleeve 10 to still rotate the same angle along the direction indicated by the arrow. Afterwards the roller 9 enters the axial groove connected to the right end of the B chute 33 and moves to the extreme right position (top R), during which the drive sleeve 10 remains motionless.

The rotation of the drill bit 14 is mainly realized by the stroke movement and the return movement of the piston 6. Referring to FIG. , The inner cylinder 5 and the piston 6 cooperate to carry out.

Referring to Figure 2, it is the initial stage of the return stroke of the piston 6. The compressed air enters the upper joint 1 of the air hammer through the pipeline system, and the pressure of the air flow forces the spring 3 of the check valve 2 to compress to push the check valve 2 (spool) open. The gas distribution hole 30 of the gas distribution seat 4 and the front air hole 21 of the inner cylinder 5 enter the front air chamber 19, the piston 6 returns under the action of the pressure difference, and the gas in the rear air chamber 24 is compressed; when the left end surface of the sealing surface of the piston 6 big end When 20 is in contact with the inner cylinder 5, the front air chamber 19 is sealed, and the piston continues to return by relying on the gas expansion of the front air chamber 19; At this time, the piston 6 continues its return stroke by inertia; when the middle section of the piston 6 breaks away from the guide sleeve 7, the gas in the front air chamber 19 is discharged to the bottom of the hole through the central through hole 18. Piston 6 continues to decelerate until still at the top dead center, and the return stroke ends.

In the return stroke stage, the piston 6 moves to the right. Due to the cooperation between the roller 9 on the piston 6 and the transmission sleeve 10, the transmission sleeve 10 rotates at a certain angle, and the transmission sleeve 10 and the drill bit 14 are connected by splines, thereby driving the drill bit 14 to rotate. certain angle.

Referring to Fig. 3, it is the initial stage of the stroke of the piston 6. The compressed gas enters the rear air chamber 24 through the rear air intake hole 22 of the valve seat 4 and the inner cylinder 5, and pushes the piston 6 to start a leftward stroke. The hole 18 is arranged to the bottom of the hole; when the middle section of the piston 26 slides into the guide sleeve 7, the front air chamber 19 is sealed and the gas is compressed; as the piston 6 continues to stroke, when the right end surface 23 of the large end of the piston contacts the inner cylinder 5, the rear The air chamber 24 stops the air intake, and now the piston 6 relies on the expansion of the gas in the rear air chamber 24 to perform work to continue the stroke; when the left end surface 20 of the large end of the piston is separated from the inner cylinder 5, the front air chamber 19 receives air, and the piston 6 continues to stroke by inertia ; As the piston 6 continues to stroke, the small end of the piston 25 hits the tail of the drill bit 14, the stroke ends, and then begins the next impact cycle.

In the stroke stage, the piston 6 moves downward at a high speed. Due to the cooperation between the roller 9 on the piston 6 and the transmission sleeve 10, the transmission sleeve 10 rotates at a certain angle, and the transmission sleeve 10 and the drill bit 14 are connected by splines to drive the drill bit 14. Turn a certain angle.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (10)

1. a drill bit is from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described a kind of drill bit is from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer Including pneumatic actuator, slew gear device and drill bit connecting device；

Described pneumatic actuator includes piston (6) and outer tube (8)；

Described slew gear device includes fairlead (7), roller (9) and drive sleeve (10)；

Described drill bit connecting device includes drill bit (14)；

Described fairlead (7) is arranged in outer tube (8), uses interference fits between the two, and the left side of fairlead (7) is with outer The right side contact of the positioning table (17) in pipe (8) connects, and drive sleeve (10) is arranged in the outer tube (8) in fairlead (7) left side, Matched in clearance, the right side of drive sleeve (10) is used to contact connection with the left side of positioning table (17) between the two, roller (9) One end is arranged in the regular groove of drive sleeve (10) right-hand member, between the two for being slidably connected；The other end of roller (9) is arranged on work On plug (6), it is threaded between the two；Drill bit connecting device is adopted by the left end of the right-hand member of drill bit (14) with drive sleeve (10) Connect with spline.

2. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 1 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described Pneumatic Transmission Device also includes top connection (1), non-return valve (2), distribution seat (4) and inner casing (5)；

The left end of described top connection (1) is threaded connection with the right-hand member of outer tube (8), and non-return valve (2), distribution seat (4) are with interior In cylinder (5) is arranged on outer tube (8), piston (6) is arranged in inner casing (5), the big end of the piston (27) of piston (6) and inner casing (5) it Between for being slidably connected, piston (6) is sleeved on the distribution bar (28) of distribution seat (4) by central through hole simultaneously, piston (6) with join For being slidably connected between gas bar (28), use between inner casing (5) with outer tube (8) and excessively coordinate, the right side of inner casing (5) and distribution The left side contact of the distribution pedestal in seat (4) connects, and uses transition between distribution pedestal and the outer tube (8) in distribution seat (4) Coordinating, non-return valve (2) is arranged in the large diameter hole of distribution seat (4) right-hand member, the right side of distribution seat (4) and top connection (1) Left side contact connects.

3. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 2 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described top connection (1) being hollow stepped annular structural member, the center of top connection (1) is axially disposed shoulder hole, the left end hole of shoulder hole A diameter of maximum, the middle sector hole of shoulder hole is the mating holes of the round ring boss of the spool right-hand member with non-return valve (2), middle sector hole Diameter is more than the right-hand member hole i.e. diameter of air inlet less than the diameter in left end hole, and the diameter of middle sector hole is equal to the valve of non-return valve (2) The diameter of core right-hand member round ring boss, the toric external cylindrical surface of left end of top connection (1) is provided with outer tube (8) right-hand member hole even The external screw thread connect.

4. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 2 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described inner casing (5) Centered by locate the structural member of the axially disposed annulus bodily form having shoulder hole, the shoulder hole of inner casing (5) is followed successively by No. 1 from left to right Hole, No. 2 holes, No. 3 holes and No. 4 holes, the equal diameters in No. 1 hole and No. 3 holes, the diameter in No. 2 holes is straight less than No. 1 hole and No. 3 holes Footpath, the diameter in No. 4 holes is less than the diameter in No. 2 holes；The diameter in No. 2 holes and the equal diameters of the big end of piston (27), at inner casing (5) Be provided with front air inlet (21) and rear air inlet (22) on the hole wall in No. 2 holes the most symmetrically, front air inlet (21) and Rear air inlet (22) position respectively at the 1/3 and 2/3 of No. 2 hole wall axial dimensions, the axial dimension of No. 2 hole walls and the big end of piston (27) axial dimension of annular groove is equal.

5. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 2 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described distribution seat (4) being connected with distribution pedestal by distribution bar (28), distribution bar (28) and distribution pedestal are all cylindrical structure part, distribution Bar (28) and the axis of rotation conllinear of distribution pedestal, the axially disposed ladder hole having coaxial line in distribution seat (4) center, rank The left end minor diameter through hole of ladder through hole is distribution bar air flue (29), and the right-hand member large diameter hole of ladder hole is used for installing spring (3) With spool, the left side of distribution pedestal is provided with annulus bodily form boss, the diameter of distribution pedestal and outer tube (8) internal orifice dimension phase Deng, distribution pedestal is provided with the air distribution hole (30) of pair of L-shaped, the torus on the left side of distribution pedestal axially symmetricly The external diameter of shape boss is equal to the diameter in inner casing (5) right-hand member hole.

6. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 1 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described piston (6) For ladder shaft type structural member, being made up of big end (27), stage casing (26) and small end (25), piston (6) is the most axially disposed to be had and joins The central through hole (18) that distribution bar (28) on gas seat (4) is equipped, it is recessed that the middle of big end (27) circumferential surface is provided with annular Groove, at left end the most equally distributed four screwed holes in order to fixing roller (9) of piston small end (25).

7. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 1 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described fairlead (7) being torus structural member, the center is provided with central through hole, and the external diameter of fairlead (7) is equal with the internal diameter of outer tube (8), Fairlead (7) internal diameter is equal with the external diameter of the stage casing of piston (6) (26), axially symmetric on the guiding jacket wall of fairlead (7) Two identical T-shaped air flues (31) of structure are set, T-shaped air flue (31) is by an axially extending bore and a radial direction through hole institute group Becoming, axially extending bore is mutually perpendicular to radial direction through hole and connects, and axially extending bore and radial direction through hole form T-shaped air flue (31), the most logical Hole is at 1/3 fairlead (7) axial length of fairlead (31) left side at the axial location of fairlead (7).

8. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 1 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described drive sleeve (10) it is tube-in-tube structure part, the inner hole wall of drive sleeve (10) left end is provided with the internal spline being connected with drill bit (14) right-hand member, pass The external diameter of dynamic set (10) is equal with the internal diameter of outer tube (8)；It is machined with rule groove on the inner hole wall of drive sleeve (10) right-hand member, is i.e. passing Processing eight axial grooves (15) on the inner hole wall that dynamic set (10) right-hand member is inboard, eight axial grooves (15) are evenly distributed on drive sleeve (10), on the inner hole wall that right-hand member is inboard, the right end eight axial grooves (15) processes 8 A skewed slots (16) and 8 B skewed slots (33), eight axial grooves (15) are intersected with 8 A skewed slots (16) and 8 B skewed slots (33), the right-hand member of adjacent two axial grooves (15) With 2 A skewed slots (16) and 2 B skewed slot (33) composition W shapes intersecting each other respectively, A skewed slot (16) and drive sleeve (10) axis direction Becoming negative 45° angle, B skewed slot (33) becomes positive 45° angle, 8 A skewed slots (16) and 8 B skewed slots (33) with drive sleeve (10) axis direction Right-hand member and 8 uniform axial grooves intersect.

9. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 1 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described drill bit connects Device also includes drill bit snap ring (11), lower contact (12) and anti-lost joint (13)；

In described drill bit snap ring (11) is fixed on outer tube (8) by its external screw thread, the left side of drill bit snap ring (11) with under connect The contact of head (12) right side connects, and lower contact (12) connects on outer tube (8) by its right-hand member external screw thread, lower contact (12) left side Contact connection with the shaft shoulder of drill bit (14), the endoporus left end of anti-lost joint (13) with drill bit (14) for threadeding.

10. according to a kind of drill bit described in claim 1 from rotary type pneumatic down-hole hammer, it is characterised in that described outer tube (8) For cylinder-like structure part, the most axially disposed have shoulder hole, by order from right to left, the first sector hole for on connect Head (1) screwed hole that is connected, the second sector hole is the unthreaded hole being connected with distribution seat (4), the 3rd sector hole be not with part Coordinate unthreaded hole, the diameter of the 3rd sector hole be more than the second sector hole and the diameter of the 4th sector hole, the 4th sector hole be successively with inner casing (5) The unthreaded hole being connected with fairlead (7), the 5th sector hole is the unthreaded hole not coordinated with part, is also called positioning table (17), the 5th The diameter of sector hole is less than the 4th sector hole and the diameter of the 6th sector hole, and the 6th sector hole is the unthreaded hole being connected with drive sleeve (10), 7th sector hole is the screwed hole being connected with drill bit snap ring (11), and the 8th sector hole is the screw thread being connected with lower contact (12) Hole, the diameter of the 7th sector hole is more than the diameter of the 6th sector hole, and the diameter of the 8th sector hole is more than the diameter of the 7th sector hole, the first sector hole It is sequentially connected with to the 8th sector hole, the axis of rotation conllinear of the first sector hole to the 8th sector hole.