CN102191913A

CN102191913A - High-energy reverse circulation large-diameter hole-drilling hammer

Info

Publication number: CN102191913A
Application number: CN2010101219520A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张志模
Original assignee: BEIJING TIANYU TONGLI BUILDING ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Current assignee: BEIJING TIANYU TONGLI BUILDING ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Priority date: 2010-03-11
Filing date: 2010-03-11
Publication date: 2011-09-21

Abstract

The invention provides a high-energy reverse circulation large-diameter hole-drilling hammer which is a pneumatic impact tool using compressed air as power. The impact energy and impact frequency generated by the hammer can be directly conveyed to a drill, then pulsative crushing of the rocks is realized through rotary driving of a drilling machine and a drill rod, and the compressed air discharged by an impactor is simultaneously utilized to cool the drill and discharge the crushed rock particles, thus realizing the aim of percussive-rotary drilling at the bottom of the hole. Therefore, the structure and performance of the impactor are key points to realize pneumatic drilling, and the hammer has the main characteristics of high energy and large diameter, wherein the diameter ranges from 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters or above.

Description

The anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer hammer that circulates of high energy

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of " the anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer hammer that circulates of high energy ", be specially adapted to rock and soil drilling technology and technology.

Background technology:

Rock and Soil Drilling Engineering has been occupied more and more consequence in the economic construction of current China, much more more and more its application not only relates to the exploration and development of mineral products, and relate to aspects such as building, water supply, municipal administration, traffic, environment, high ferro pile foundation, bridge, harbour basis, coalmine ventilation, relief well, metallurgical exploration.The pneumatic down hole hammer drilling process has changed traditional cutting and has ground the detritus mode, make rock become volumetric fracture, improved drilling efficiency greatly and to the compliance of hard and bad ground, pneumatic down hole hammer creeps into beginning and mainly starts from the Drilling shot hole, the well bedrock hole, the geological prospecting hole, the researcher is in order to expand its range of application both at home and abroad, carried out the improvement design from down-the-hole hammer form of structure, service behaviour, made it adapt to the requirement that various engineering is used.

Summary of the invention:

Purpose of the present invention provides anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer hammer, the especially diameter of circulating of a kind of high energy and hammers into shape at the down-the-hole of 800～1500mm and above diameter, and the air latent hole drill advances technology because of its some following characteristics, is the advantage that its expands application:

1, drilling efficiency height, production practices prove, it is studied intensively into efficient and has crept into the efficient height 3～10 times than the fluctuation impact rotating, and the reason that efficient improves is: single strike work is big, and deslagging speed height is clean at the bottom of the hole, no second-time breakage; Because no head of liquid, under no phreatic situation, improved broken condition at the bottom of the hole.

2, the post tooth or the ball tooth carbide drill of down-the-hole hammer are accompanied usefulness in hard fractured rock, have both helped brokenly rock, and the compliance higher than the diamond bit life-span is arranged again, greatly reduce the drill bit cost.

3, because of the drilling tool rotating speed is low, drilling tool is less to the collision opportunity of hole wall, and now drilling method is to impact at the bottom of to the hole with high frequency, reduced influence to rock or tilted stratum generation hole deviation, thereby can improve the verticality of boring, simultaneously, also can reduce the hole wall rock and cave in.

4, compared with rotary drilling, down-the-hole hammer drill advance required the pressure of the drill and moment of torsion much smaller.Can alleviate the quality and the ability of the equipment of rig like this, for the heavy caliber hard rock creeps into, the sliding reinforcing in side slope hole bolthole creeps into has created the favourable service condition that has.

5, pneumatic down hole hammer creeps into the no circulation dry operation of employing, and air is not only as power but also as the deslagging medium, and is free from environmental pollution.

6, pneumatic down hole hammer when work single strike work can be produced very big active force in moment, thereby it can be applicable to soft formation and impact compacted not casting and creep into, and also can be used for the rammer Manifold technology of trenchless pipelaying.Development along with down-the-hole hammer form of structure, the optimization of service behaviour, the shown advantage that goes out when studying intensively the improving and use of technology into makes people recognize that more and more down-the-hole hammer drill advances to use in earthquake stratum, mineral exploration and engineer geological prospecting, anchoring engineering, grout hole, the dam inverted vertical hole and has good prospect.

The anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer hammer that circulates of high energy is to be a kind of pneumatic percussion tool of power with compressed air.Ballistic work that it produced and frequency of impact can directly be passed to drill bit, and then the revolution by rig and drilling rod drives, formation is to the pulsation breaking capacity of rock, the compressed air that utilizes impactor to discharge simultaneously, drill bit is cooled off and the rock particles after the fragmentation is excreted, thereby realized the purpose that impact rotating creeps at the bottom of the hole.Therefore, the structure of impactor, performance are to realize the pneumatic emphasis that creeps into, the high energy major diameter, diameter 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters and more than, be the main feature of this equipment.Impactor is a device that can produce percussion, and its basic structure is generally by valve actuating mechanism, and several parts such as interior outer cylinder body, piston are formed.Its basic structure is seen Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The operating principle of air latent drift is by continuous change intake and exhaust direction, realizes the continuous reciprocating motion of piston in cylinder, thus also continuous repeated stock drill bit, the simple principle and the process of qigong impactor work that Here it is.Cause control to change into row pressure repeatedly and contract the mechanism of direction of air valve actuating mechanism, valve actuating mechanism is the core of impactor, promotes piston stroking upward during air chamber before compressed air enters, and promotes descent of piston when compressed air enters rear gas chamber.Piston is an energy conversion device of impactor, and its relies on piston motion with the mechanical energy of compressed-air actuated power conversion for impacting, and generally is impacting dynamic expression, and the size of ballistic work is decided by the weight and the movement velocity of piston.

The present invention is simple in structure, easy for installation, Rock and Soil Drilling Engineering has been occupied more and more consequence in the economic construction of current China, much more more and more its application not only relates to the exploration and development of mineral products, will be widely used in the various stakes hole basic engineering construction of aspects such as relating to building, water supply, municipal administration, traffic, environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer hammer that circulates of high energy;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that damper and down-the-hole hammer are installed;

Fig. 3 damper structure for amplifying schematic diagram.

1 valve actuating mechanism, 2 seats of honour, 3 outer sleeves, 4 inner cylinder bodies, 5 pistons, 6 inner sleeves, 7 outer cylinder bodies, 8 times seats, 9 key covers, 10 drill bits, 11 bore tooth, A inlet casing, B exhaust opening, 12 overcoats, 13 swelling devices, 14 damping springs, 15 sliding sleeves, 16 interior covers, 17 Rubber ends.

The specific embodiment

According to as shown in Figure 1, set forth the basic functional principle of impactor, compressed air enters the annular groove of 7 of inner cylinder body 4 and outer cylinder bodies through the left side inlet casing, radial air inlet hole by inner cylinder body enters preceding air chamber (position among the figure), promote piston 5 up (backhaul), gas in the rear gas chamber is because volume diminishes and exhaust the following annular groove of cover 6 in annular gap is discharged between piston upper end endoporus and top connection 1 lower core pipe, air chamber is in suction stroke before this moment, and rear gas chamber is in instroke.Behind the endoporus of anchor ring contact inner casing lower end, piston middle part, both closed the inlet channel of preceding air chamber, preceding air chamber is in closed state, and indoor Compressed Gas begins the start of expanding, and continues to promote piston stroking upward, and this is an expansion process.When piston upper end endoporus contacts with core seal of tube face and after closing the exhaust annular groove, gas is in compressive state in the rear gas chamber, enter compression travel.It is up that piston continues, and crosses on the lining behind the rod radial air vent when bottom face, and preceding air chamber begins exhaust, directly is discharged to the bottom annular groove through the lining endoporus, and air chamber is an instroke before this moment.After the piston upper ring surface was crossed the inner casing annular groove, calming the anger began to enter rear gas chamber, and rear gas chamber is in suction stroke, and piston is done retarded motion, was zero and stop motion until speed, had promptly finished the drawback movement of piston.The process of air chamber experience is opposite before and after during piston stroke, and preceding air chamber experiences instroke successively, compression travel and suction stroke, and rear gas chamber experiences suction stroke, expansion stroke and instroke successively.Annular groove drains into annular channel between outer shell and the outer tube through the outer shell radial hole under the waste gas neck bush after the work done of down-the-hole hammer, outside top connection right side steam vent and special stack are discharged, calms the anger and form closed circulation completely in the hole again.

2 is shown in Figure 3 with reference to the accompanying drawings, and damper is connected with the down-the-hole hammer, and this design scheme is a latest domestic original creation scheme, and the down-the-hole hammer has been equipped with after the damper of Fig. 3 form, will improve the application life of down-the-hole hammer greatly.Damper comprises overcoat, interior cover, swelling device, damping spring, sliding sleeve.The shape of interior overcoat is tubular, and the one end has flange, and the other end is a free end, and there is the outwardly directed annular wing at the middle part near flange one end.During installation, interior cover free end stretches into overcoat inside, between the annular wing of overcoat, outside the cover, between the inner sleeve shape wing and flange, sockets by swelling device between the sliding sleeve and the overcoat annular wing in sliding sleeve is sleeved in damping spring withstands on.The overcoat free end can be installed Rubber end to strengthen damping effect, and interior cover flange is fixed on the down-the-hole hammer.

Claims

1. the anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer that circulates of high energy is hammered into shape, comprise: valve actuating mechanism (1), the seat of honour (2), outer sleeve (3), inner cylinder body (4), piston (5), inner sleeve (6), outer cylinder body (7), following seat (8), key cover (9), drill bit (10) and brill tooth (11), inner sleeve is placed in the middle, piston, inner cylinder body, outer cylinder body, outer sleeve is located on outside it successively, valve actuating mechanism and drill bit are installed in the two ends of above-mentioned cylindrical shell respectively, seat of honour ring seal is at inner cylinder body one end and entangle inner sleeve, following seat docks with the other end of outer sleeve, it is characterized in that, damper is positioned at the outside of valve actuating mechanism and is attached thereto, damper comprises overcoat (12), swelling device (13), damping spring (14), sliding sleeve (15), interior cover (16), interior cover one end stretches into overcoat inside, damping spring withstands between the annular wing of interior overcoat, outside overlapping in sliding sleeve is sleeved on, between the inner sleeve shape wing and flange, socket by swelling device between the sliding sleeve and the overcoat annular wing.

2. the anti-Large Diameter DTH Hammer hammer that circulates of high energy as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its bit diameter is 800～1500mm.