CN106045548A - 一种高强度3d纳米陶瓷打印材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高强度3d纳米陶瓷打印材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106045548A
CN106045548A CN201610384611.XA CN201610384611A CN106045548A CN 106045548 A CN106045548 A CN 106045548A CN 201610384611 A CN201610384611 A CN 201610384611A CN 106045548 A CN106045548 A CN 106045548A
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徐珍
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Suzhou Long Dragon Aquaculture Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料及其制备方法，主要由纳米级白刚玉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳化硼、纳米氧化钛、盐泥、丙三醇、硅藻土、聚醋酸乙烯酯、碳化钨、硅酸铝纤维、木质纤维素、柠檬酸、碳酸镁晶须、乙烯基磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇、增强助剂制成。本发明的3D纳米陶瓷打印材料采用纳米级白刚玉和纳米碳化硼配合，增强了材料的耐磨性和强度，提高了陶瓷材料的使用寿命，通过纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化钛的搭配使用，提高陶瓷材料的抗紫外线能力、抗老化能力以及耐化学性能，通过增强助剂和碳化钨、碳酸镁晶须的配合，在提高陶瓷材料整体性能的基础上增强了陶瓷材料的阻燃性能，成份盐泥则降低了生产成本，减少了环境污染，节约资源。

Description

一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料技术领域，更具体地说是一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
纳米材料（nano-material）又称为超微颗粒材料，由纳米粒子组成。粒子尺寸范围在1-100nm之间，它是由尺寸介于原子、分子和宏观体系之间的纳米粒子所组成的新一代材料。根据三维空间中未被纳米尺度约束的自由度计，将纳米材料大致可分成四种类型，即零维的纳米粉末（颗粒和原子团簇）、一维的纳米纤维（管）、二维的纳米膜、三维的纳米块体。
利用纳米技术开发的纳米陶瓷材料是利用纳米粉体对现有陶瓷进行改性，通过往陶瓷中加入或生成纳米级颗粒、晶须、晶片纤维等，使晶粒、晶界以及他们之间的结合都达到纳米水平，使材料的强度、韧性和超塑性大幅度提高。它克服了3D打印材料工程的许多不足，并对材料的力学、电学、热学、磁光学等性能产生重要影响，为代替工程陶瓷的应用开拓了新领域。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了弥补现有技术的不足，提供一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 ，由以下重量份原料制成：纳米级白刚玉50-70份、纳米二氧化硅6-8份、纳米碳化硼3-5份、纳米氧化钛2-4份、盐泥8-10份、丙三醇6-8份、硅藻土3-5份、聚醋酸乙烯酯2-4份、碳化钨1-3份、硅酸铝纤维2-4份、木质纤维素4-6份、柠檬酸2-4份、碳酸镁晶须3-5份、乙烯基磺酸钠1-2份、聚乙烯醇6-8份、增强助剂7-9份；其中增强助剂由以下重量份原料制成：蛇纹石尾矿20-30份、玄武岩纤维10-15份、白油1-3份、氟化石墨粉2-4份、小麦淀粉1-3份、纳米钛酸钡3-5份、硬脂酸锌4-6份、糖粉1-3份、碳化硅3-5份、钢渣微粉4-6份；制备方法为：将蛇纹石尾矿、玄武岩纤维、碳化硅、钢渣微粉混合粉碎，研磨成50-100目的颗粒，边搅拌边喷入白油，混合均匀后放置5-7小时，再与其他剩余成分混合，加热至75-80℃，分散研磨30-40分钟，即得。
一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米级白刚玉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳化硼、纳米氧化钛、盐泥、硅藻土混合粉碎，球磨，球磨6-12小时后烘干，得到混合均匀的混合料；
（2）将刚玉坩埚放入电阻炉中加热至1400-1500℃迅速拿出，然后将步骤(1)中的混合料放入已加热到1400-1500℃的刚玉坩埚中，接着立刻把装有混合料的刚玉坩埚重新放入电阻炉中，保温30-40分钟，然后取出，倒入蒸馏水中进行淬火，得到基础体；
（3）将步骤(2)中得到的基础体磨成细小的玻璃粉末，然后与聚醋酸乙烯酯、碳化钨、硅酸铝纤维、木质纤维素、碳酸镁晶须以及其他剩余成分混合球磨2小时后，烘干，随后放入模具中，进行预压；
（4）直接将预压后的装有原料粉末的模具放入热压炉中，在空气气氛下加热至820-850℃，在无压状态下保温1小时，随后加压至32-40Mpa，保温1-2小时，接着高温脱模并随炉冷却，即得。
本发明的优点在于：
本发明的3D纳米陶瓷打印材料采用纳米级白刚玉和纳米碳化硼配合，增强了陶瓷材料的耐磨性和强度，提高了陶瓷材料的使用寿命，通过纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化钛的搭配使用，提高陶瓷材料的抗紫外线能力、抗老化能力以及耐化学性能，通过增强助剂和碳化钨、碳酸镁晶须的配合，在提高陶瓷材料整体性能的基础上增强了陶瓷材料的阻燃性能，成份盐泥则降低了生产成本，减少了环境污染，节约资源。
具体实施方式
实施例1，一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 ，由以下重量份原料制成：纳米级白刚玉50份、纳米二氧化硅6份、纳米碳化硼3份、纳米氧化钛2份、盐泥8份、丙三醇6份、硅藻土3份、聚醋酸乙烯酯2份、碳化钨1份、硅酸铝纤维2份、木质纤维素4份、柠檬酸2份、碳酸镁晶须3份、乙烯基磺酸钠1份、聚乙烯醇6份、增强助剂7份；其中增强助剂由以下重量份原料制成：蛇纹石尾矿20份、玄武岩纤维10份、白油1份、氟化石墨粉2份、小麦淀粉1份、纳米钛酸钡3份、硬脂酸锌4份、糖粉1份、碳化硅3份、钢渣微粉4份；制备方法为：将蛇纹石尾矿、玄武岩纤维、碳化硅、钢渣微粉混合粉碎，研磨成50目的颗粒，边搅拌边喷入白油，混合均匀后放置5小时，再与其他剩余成分混合，加热至75℃，分散研磨30分钟，即得。
一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米级白刚玉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳化硼、纳米氧化钛、盐泥、硅藻土混合粉碎，球磨，球磨6小时后烘干，得到混合均匀的混合料；
（2）将刚玉坩埚放入电阻炉中加热至1400℃迅速拿出，然后将步骤(1)中的混合料放入已加热到1400℃的刚玉坩埚中，接着立刻把装有混合料的刚玉坩埚重新放入电阻炉中，保温30分钟，然后取出，倒入蒸馏水中进行淬火，得到基础体；
（3）将步骤(2)中得到的基础体磨成细小的玻璃粉末，然后与聚醋酸乙烯酯、碳化钨、硅酸铝纤维、木质纤维素、碳酸镁晶须以及其他剩余成分混合球磨2小时后，烘干，随后放入模具中，进行预压；
（4）直接将预压后的装有原料粉末的模具放入热压炉中，在空气气氛下加热至820℃，在无压状态下保温1小时，随后加压至32Mpa，保温1小时，接着高温脱模并随炉冷却，即得。
实施例2，一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 ，由以下重量份原料制成：纳米级白刚玉60份、纳米二氧化硅7份、纳米碳化硼4份、纳米氧化钛3份、盐泥9份、丙三醇7份、硅藻土4份、聚醋酸乙烯酯3份、碳化钨2份、硅酸铝纤维3份、木质纤维素5份、柠檬酸3份、碳酸镁晶须4份、乙烯基磺酸钠1份、聚乙烯醇7份、增强助剂8份；其中增强助剂由以下重量份原料制成：蛇纹石尾矿25份、玄武岩纤维12份、白油2份、氟化石墨粉3份、小麦淀粉2份、纳米钛酸钡4份、硬脂酸锌5份、糖粉2份、碳化硅4份、钢渣微粉5份；制备方法为：将蛇纹石尾矿、玄武岩纤维、碳化硅、钢渣微粉混合粉碎，研磨成80目的颗粒，边搅拌边喷入白油，混合均匀后放置6小时，再与其他剩余成分混合，加热至78℃，分散研磨35分钟，即得。
一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米级白刚玉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳化硼、纳米氧化钛、盐泥、硅藻土混合粉碎，球磨，球磨9小时后烘干，得到混合均匀的混合料；
（2）将刚玉坩埚放入电阻炉中加热至1450℃迅速拿出，然后将步骤(1)中的混合料放入已加热到1450℃的刚玉坩埚中，接着立刻把装有混合料的刚玉坩埚重新放入电阻炉中，保温35分钟，然后取出，倒入蒸馏水中进行淬火，得到基础体；
（3）将步骤(2)中得到的基础体磨成细小的玻璃粉末，然后与聚醋酸乙烯酯、碳化钨、硅酸铝纤维、木质纤维素、碳酸镁晶须以及其他剩余成分混合球磨2小时后，烘干，随后放入模具中，进行预压；
（4）直接将预压后的装有原料粉末的模具放入热压炉中，在空气气氛下加热至835℃，在无压状态下保温1小时，随后加压至36Mpa，保温1.5小时，接着高温脱模并随炉冷却，即得。
实施例3，一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 ，由以下重量份原料制成：纳米级白刚玉70份、纳米二氧化硅8份、纳米碳化硼5份、纳米氧化钛4份、盐泥10份、丙三醇8份、硅藻土5份、聚醋酸乙烯酯4份、碳化钨3份、硅酸铝纤维4份、木质纤维素6份、柠檬酸4份、碳酸镁晶须5份、乙烯基磺酸钠2份、聚乙烯醇8份、增强助剂9份；其中增强助剂由以下重量份原料制成：蛇纹石尾矿30份、玄武岩纤维15份、白油3份、氟化石墨粉4份、小麦淀粉3份、纳米钛酸钡5份、硬脂酸锌6份、糖粉3份、碳化硅5份、钢渣微粉6份；制备方法为：将蛇纹石尾矿、玄武岩纤维、碳化硅、钢渣微粉混合粉碎，研磨成100目的颗粒，边搅拌边喷入白油，混合均匀后放置7小时，再与其他剩余成分混合，加热至80℃，分散研磨40分钟，即得。
一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米级白刚玉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳化硼、纳米氧化钛、盐泥、硅藻土混合粉碎，球磨，球磨12小时后烘干，得到混合均匀的混合料；
（2）将刚玉坩埚放入电阻炉中加热至1500℃迅速拿出，然后将步骤(1)中的混合料放入已加热到1500℃的刚玉坩埚中，接着立刻把装有混合料的刚玉坩埚重新放入电阻炉中，保温40分钟，然后取出，倒入蒸馏水中进行淬火，得到基础体；
（3）将步骤(2)中得到的基础体磨成细小的玻璃粉末，然后与聚醋酸乙烯酯、碳化钨、硅酸铝纤维、木质纤维素、碳酸镁晶须以及其他剩余成分混合球磨2小时后，烘干，随后放入模具中，进行预压；
（4）直接将预压后的装有原料粉末的模具放入热压炉中，在空气气氛下加热至850℃，在无压状态下保温1小时，随后加压至40Mpa，保温2小时，接着高温脱模并随炉冷却，即得。
上述实施例1-3制得的3D纳米陶瓷打印材料的主要性能检测结果如下表所示：
表1 实施例1-3制得的陶瓷材料的主要性能检测结果

Claims (2)

1.一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 ，其特征在于：由以下重量份原料制成：纳米级白刚玉50-70份、纳米二氧化硅6-8份、纳米碳化硼3-5份、纳米氧化钛2-4份、盐泥8-10份、丙三醇6-8份、硅藻土3-5份、聚醋酸乙烯酯2-4份、碳化钨1-3份、硅酸铝纤维2-4份、木质纤维素4-6份、柠檬酸2-4份、碳酸镁晶须3-5份、乙烯基磺酸钠1-2份、聚乙烯醇6-8份、增强助剂7-9份；其中增强助剂由以下重量份原料制成：蛇纹石尾矿20-30份、玄武岩纤维10-15份、白油1-3份、氟化石墨粉2-4份、小麦淀粉1-3份、纳米钛酸钡3-5份、硬脂酸锌4-6份、糖粉1-3份、碳化硅3-5份、钢渣微粉4-6份；制备方法为：将蛇纹石尾矿、玄武岩纤维、碳化硅、钢渣微粉混合粉碎，研磨成50-100目的颗粒，边搅拌边喷入白油，混合均匀后放置5-7小时，再与其他剩余成分混合，加热至75-80℃，分散研磨30-40分钟，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度3D纳米陶瓷打印材料 的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米级白刚玉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳化硼、纳米氧化钛、盐泥、硅藻土混合粉碎，球磨，球磨6-12小时后烘干，得到混合均匀的混合料；
（2）将刚玉坩埚放入电阻炉中加热至1400-1500℃迅速拿出，然后将步骤(1)中的混合料放入已加热到1400-1500℃的刚玉坩埚中，接着立刻把装有混合料的刚玉坩埚重新放入电阻炉中，保温30-40分钟，然后取出，倒入蒸馏水中进行淬火，得到基础体；
（3）将步骤(2)中得到的基础体磨成细小的玻璃粉末，然后与聚醋酸乙烯酯、碳化钨、硅酸铝纤维、木质纤维素、碳酸镁晶须以及其他剩余成分混合球磨2小时后，烘干，随后放入模具中，进行预压；
（4）直接将预压后的装有原料粉末的模具放入热压炉中，在空气气氛下加热至820-850℃，在无压状态下保温1小时，随后加压至32-40Mpa，保温1-2小时，接着高温脱模并随炉冷却，即得。
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CN107602085A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2018-01-19 郑雪成 一种纳米陶瓷
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CN109081701A (zh) * 2018-09-10 2018-12-25 江苏天泽教育咨询有限公司 一种3d打印笔用陶瓷材料
CN113912374A (zh) * 2021-10-25 2022-01-11 河北工业大学 粉末3d打印高强高韧性水泥基材料及其制备方法
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CN106495561A (zh) * 2016-11-08 2017-03-15 郑州诚合信息技术有限公司 一种陶瓷基3d打印材料及其制备方法
CN106518020A (zh) * 2016-11-08 2017-03-22 郑州诚合信息技术有限公司 一种基于陶瓷的3d打印材料及其制备方法
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CN113912374A (zh) * 2021-10-25 2022-01-11 河北工业大学 粉末3d打印高强高韧性水泥基材料及其制备方法

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