CN105909705B - 一种耐高温复合材料刹车片 - Google Patents
一种耐高温复合材料刹车片 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105909705B CN105909705B CN201610063537.1A CN201610063537A CN105909705B CN 105909705 B CN105909705 B CN 105909705B CN 201610063537 A CN201610063537 A CN 201610063537A CN 105909705 B CN105909705 B CN 105909705B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010466 nut oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-1,2-benzoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CNOC2=C1 CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000357293 Leptobrama muelleri Species 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
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- RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
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- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 Alkene nitrile Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940049706 benzodiazepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021418 black silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065285 cadmium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001662 cadmium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010423 industrial mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00362—Friction materials, e.g. used as brake linings, anti-skid materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0039—Ceramics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0052—Carbon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0056—Elastomers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
- F16D2200/0065—Inorganic, e.g. non-asbestos mineral fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
Abstract
一种耐高温复合材料刹车片，其摩擦片本体由PROMAXON®D硅酸钙、硼酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺、纳米氧化铝、异丙醇、锆英粉、多壁碳纳米管、十二烷基硫酸钠、丁氰橡胶、苯并噁嗪树脂、聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维、黄铜纤维、陶瓷纤维、硫酸钙晶须、钛酸钾晶须、重晶石、鳞片石墨、腰果油摩擦粉、五氧化二铌、纳米氧化锌、碳化钽、三氧化钼、COPNA树脂构成。本发明具有绿色环保，抗高温热衰退性能好，耐磨性能良好，摩擦系数稳定，使用寿命长等特点。本发明通过对多种成分进行合理的搭配,确保各材料的优点在摩擦材料中得到充分的发挥。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于汽车零部件领域，尤其是涉及一种耐高温复合材料刹车片。
背景技术
在汽车的刹车系统中，刹车片是最关键的安全零件。随着现代科技的迅猛发展，像其它制动系统的部件一样，刹车片本身在近几年也在不断地发展和变化。目前市面上出现了许多新型的高性能刹车片，但是在提高了刹车性能的同时，对生活环境产生了巨大的影响，刹车噪音和有害气体的排放得不到有效的控制。现在我们使用的汽车刹车片所使用的摩擦材料中含有很多重金属物质，包括锑、铬、镉、铜、钡、铜等重金属。汽车在每次刹车过程中，就有少量的重金属粉尘释放并积累在环境中造成危害。如镉化合物经呼吸被体内吸收积存于肝或肾脏中，对人体肾脏、肝脏造成危害。含铜粉尘进入环境后可以对鱼类造成生物毒害。硫酸钡对环境有危害，对大气可造成污染。而锑对环境的危害也不小，刹车片中含有大量的重金属锑，有的刹车片含量可以达到4-5%，尤其对水体环境会造成长期不良影响。早在1979年，锑就进入了美国环保部的优先控制污染物名单，2002年美国地质调查局就发现，由于刹车片会随着车辆的使用而持续损耗，造成锑持续不断地进入环境中。日本研究者也发现，城市空气中的微小颗粒物就含有大量的锑，其中的一个主要来源就是刹车片。
2007年，中国环保部颁布的《展览会用地土壤环境质量评价标准》中，把锑在土壤中的含量作为一个评价标准，规定锑的含量不得高于12mg/kg（A级）和82mg/kg（B级）。
2013年，据《新京报》报道，北京密云县大辛庄村段一片上百亩的杨树林里出现了二三十个大坑，大量废弃刹车片被倾倒其中，结果大坑周边数十米内寸草不生，原有的杨树朝向坑的一面全都裂开巴掌大的口子，像被硫酸泼过的面孔。这个案例造成的影响是深远地，因此不能不引起汽车零部件制造商的重视，我们必须在保证刹车片性能的前提下，找到更加安全，有效和环保的摩擦材料来替代重金属，以顺应人类对环境保护日益严格的要求。
发明内容
本发明提供一种耐高温复合材料刹车片，用以解决现有技术中导热性差、边角易脆裂、热衰退、磨损性高等技术问题。
为了解决以上技术问题,本发明所采取的技术方案是：一种耐高温复合材料刹车片，包括钢背、摩擦片本体，其特征是所述摩擦片本体由15～16份PROMAXON®D硅酸钙、7～10份硼酚醛树脂、1～2份三聚氰胺、2～3份纳米氧化铝、2～3份异丙醇、5～8锆英粉、1～2份多壁碳纳米管、0.2～0.5 份十二烷基硫酸钠、6～10份丁氰橡胶、2～3份苯并噁嗪树脂、8～15份聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维、3～4份黄铜纤维、7～8份陶瓷纤维、15～17份硫酸钙晶须、16～18份钛酸钾晶须、15～17份重晶石、5～7份鳞片石墨、6～8份腰果油摩擦粉、1～2份五氧化二铌、1～2份纳米氧化锌、1～2份碳化钽、1～2份三氧化钼、10～15份COPNA树脂构成。
本发明具有绿色环保，抗高温热衰退性能好，耐磨性能良好，摩擦系数稳定，使用寿命长等特点。本发明通过对多种成分进行合理的搭配,确保各材料的优点在摩擦材料中得到充分的发挥。并且配方中重金属物质很少，对环境非常友好。粘接隔热层起着固定摩擦层、提高摩擦层强度、隔离高温的作用，并且非常有利于摩擦层材料的性能的发挥。摩擦层中多种新纤维材料、尤其以芳仑纤维、预氧化纤维、多壁碳纳米管、碳化钽的复合，不仅能相互弥补其各自性能的不足，还会协同作用而形成快速散热、稳定摩擦系数、减少刹车片形变等高性能。工作过程中，刹车片形成更加优异的摩擦层和转移膜，使得小汽车刹车灵敏，制动平稳，无制动尖叫声，舒适性能较好，刹车过程对刹车盘无损伤。
具体实施方式
通过下面实施例对本发明进一步详细阐述：
具体实施例一：该耐高温复合材料刹车片包括钢背、摩擦片本体，其摩擦片本体由15份PROMAXON®D硅酸钙（每份1000克，下同）、10份硼酚醛树脂、1份三聚氰胺、3份纳米氧化铝、2份异丙醇、8锆英粉、1份多壁碳纳米管、0.5 份十二烷基硫酸钠、6份丁氰橡胶、3份苯并噁嗪树脂、8份聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维、3份黄铜纤维、8份陶瓷纤维、15份硫酸钙晶须、18份钛酸钾晶须、15份重晶石、7份鳞片石墨、6份腰果油摩擦粉、2份五氧化二铌、1份纳米氧化锌、2份碳化钽、1份三氧化钼、15份COPNA树脂按所述重量比配制而成。将兑好的摩擦材料倒入高速分散机内，搅拌成均匀分散的粉末状组合物，然后取出该材料组合物放入成形模具内压制成形，再与钢背复合后放入平板硫化机于高温500℃，压力为35MPa的条件下保持60分钟，最后取出刹车片，除去毛刺即成为成品。
具体实施例二：该耐高温复合材料刹车片包括钢背、摩擦片本体，其摩擦片本体由16份PROMAXON®D硅酸钙、7份硼酚醛树脂、2份三聚氰胺、2份纳米氧化铝、3份异丙醇、5锆英粉、1份多壁碳纳米管、0.2份十二烷基硫酸钠、10份丁氰橡胶、2份苯并噁嗪树脂、15份聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维、4份黄铜纤维、7份陶瓷纤维、17份硫酸钙晶须、18份钛酸钾晶须、15份重晶石、7份鳞片石墨、6份腰果油摩擦粉、1份五氧化二铌、2份纳米氧化锌、1份碳化钽、2份三氧化钼、10份COPNA树脂按所述重量比配制而成。将兑好的摩擦材料倒入高速分散机内，搅拌成均匀分散的粉末状组合物，然后取出该材料组合物放入成形模具内压制成形，再与钢背复合后放入平板硫化机于高温500℃，压力为35MPa的条件下保持60分钟，最后取出刹车片，除去毛刺即成为成品。
具体实施例三：该耐高温复合材料刹车片包括钢背、摩擦片本体，其摩擦片本体由15.5份PROMAXON®D硅酸钙、8份硼酚醛树脂、1.5份三聚氰胺、2.3份纳米氧化铝、2.7份异丙醇、7锆英粉、1.5份多壁碳纳米管、0.4份十二烷基硫酸钠、8份丁氰橡胶、2.3份苯并噁嗪树脂、12份聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维、3.3份黄铜纤维、7.3份陶瓷纤维、16份硫酸钙晶须、17份钛酸钾晶须、16份重晶石、6份鳞片石墨、7份腰果油摩擦粉、1.5份五氧化二铌、1.5份纳米氧化锌、1.5份碳化钽、1.5份三氧化钼、13份COPNA树脂按所述重量比配制而成。将兑好的摩擦材料倒入高速分散机内，搅拌成均匀分散的粉末状组合物，然后取出该材料组合物放入成形模具内压制成形，再与钢背复合后放入平板硫化机于高温500℃，压力为35MPa的条件下保持60分钟，最后取出刹车片，除去毛刺即成为成品。
上述各实施例所选用材料说明：
PROMAXON®D硅酸钙颗粒（美国化学文摘服务社（CAS）登记号 PROMAXON®D:1344-95-2 ）是一种高孔隙率的硅酸钙产品，PROMAXON®D由欧洲比利时Promat国际公司生产，荷兰LAPINUS纤维有限公司是其全球摩擦材料市场唯一的代理商。通过其特殊的结晶工艺和稳定控制的晶体成长，其白色颗粒形成多孔高渗透率球形状态。由于PROMAXON®D颗粒外部密度高而坚实，而且在热塑期间受到诸如干混合性剪切时，其形状保持不变。使用PROMAXON®-D可明显提高噪音性能。其热衰退低，恢复性能良好，高速状态下制动性能不降低，汽车刹车灵敏，无噪音，舒适性能良好，反复制动后不出现制动萎缩现象。
瓷纤维采用优质硅酸铝纤维经过短切加工而成的人造矿物纤维。具有重量轻、环保、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动、抗拉抗折强度高等优点，可以大大提高摩擦材料在制造和使用过程中的稳定性。以上实施例中的陶瓷纤维可以选用中国江苏省常州丰润特种纤维有限公司生产的高铝型（氧化铝≥65%）陶瓷纤维。
硼酚醛树脂的耐热性、瞬时耐高温性、耐烧蚀性和力学性能比普通酚醛树脂好得多，使材料的热衰退性能、恢复性能、磨损性能和机械性能得以提高。
硫酸钙晶须（1～6μm，长径比≥30），集增强纤维和超细无机填料二者的优势于一体，具有高强度、高模量、高韧性、高绝缘性、耐磨耗、耐高温、耐酸碱、抗腐蚀、红外线反射性良好、易于表面处理、易与聚合物复合、无毒等诸多优良的理化性能。硫酸钙晶须制备的刹车片具有降低有机物在高温时的热分解造成的热衰退现象，其摩擦系数稳定，使用过程中制动舒适，无噪音产生，产品磨耗小。以上实施例中的硫酸钙晶须可以选用中国安徽省合肥健坤化工有限公司提供的硫酸钙晶须。
锆英粉是一种很有价值的工业矿物，最重要的用途是制造低碱、无碱玻璃纤维和作磨料，近年它被作为增摩天楼性质的原料在摩擦材料中得到应用。锆英石的硬度稍低于棕刚玉，而且有类玻璃性质，在高温工况下不易刮伤对偶，应用效果略胜一筹。在配方中的比例范围为3~5%，要求细度为325目。
钛酸钾晶须可用作绝热材料，与石棉相比，磨耗量约减少32%。
鳞片石墨(60～80目)用于摩擦材料能减小摩擦材料的热衰退，稳定摩擦材料的摩擦系数。以上实施例中的鳞片石墨可以选用中国河南省内乡县道川石墨矿提供的含碳量为94.99%的鳞片石墨。
多壁碳纳米管在摩擦材料中它具有稳定摩擦片的摩擦系数和降低磨耗的作用。碳化硅高温性能特别稳定，即使在较高的温度下，它能保持非常好的摩擦系数，碳化硅与少量的多壁碳纳米管组合就能有效的降低摩擦材料高温制动的衰退性。
以上实施例中的碳化硅可以选用中国河南安阳佳鑫耐材有限公司提供的纯度为98.50%的黑碳化硅。
为了验证本发明的效果，按中国GB5763～1998国家标准，将实施例3制备的用于刹车片的环保型高性能摩擦材料组合物与日本某公司生产的无金属刹车片分别在定速摩擦实验机上进行试验，其结果如下：
验证结果表明：相比国外同类产品，采用本发明配方制备的用于刹车片的环保型高性能摩擦材料组合物，具有更好的摩擦磨损性能和抗高温热衰退性能。此外，对实施例1、2制备的陶瓷刹车片分别进行测试，均有着与实施例1相似的优异性能。
为了进一步验证本发明效果，发明人将本发明制备的刹车片安装在宝马5系车上进行刹车制动试验，经过三名驾驶员（驾龄均在15年以上）反复制动，均确认本发明制备的刹车片灵敏,制动平稳，同时无噪音，乘坐的舒适极佳。
最后，应当指出，以上具体实施方式仅是本发明较有代表性的例子。显然，本发明不限于上述具体实施方式，还可以有许多变形。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上具体实施方式所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均应认为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种耐高温复合材料刹车片，包括钢背、摩擦片本体，其特征是所述摩擦片本体由重量份的15～16份PROMAXON ® D硅酸钙、7～10份硼酚醛树脂、1～2份三聚氰胺、2～3份纳米氧化铝、2～3份异丙醇、5～8锆英粉、1～2份多壁碳纳米管、0 .2～0 .5 份十二烷基硫酸钠、6～10份丁腈 橡胶、2～3份苯并噁嗪树脂、8～15份聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维、3～4份黄铜纤维、7～8份陶瓷纤维、15～17份硫酸钙晶须、16～18份钛酸钾晶须、15～17份重晶石、5～7份鳞片石墨、6～8份腰果油摩擦粉、1～2份五氧化二铌、1～2份纳米氧化锌、1～2份碳化钽、1～2份三氧化钼、10～15份COPNA树脂构成。
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