CN1060424A - 用于遥控激光加工的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于遥控激光加工的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1060424A
CN1060424A CN91109612A CN91109612A CN1060424A CN 1060424 A CN1060424 A CN 1060424A CN 91109612 A CN91109612 A CN 91109612A CN 91109612 A CN91109612 A CN 91109612A CN 1060424 A CN1060424 A CN 1060424A
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laser
light
processing
laser beam
spectrometer
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CN91109612A
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布道·塞西尔
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Areva NP SAS
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Framatome SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
    • B23K26/046—Automatically focusing the laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)

Abstract

根据本发明提供的方法，激光束(2)被传导到加 工点(10)的周围，并在其上聚焦，并且对激光加工期 间加工点发出的光进行光谱分析，其应用于在小口径 管中进行激光焊接。

Description

本发明涉及激光加工，特别适用于用它焊接诸如压水核反应堆的蒸汽发生器管等小口径管。
在某些激光加工中，比如在蒸汽发生器管的内部进行焊接，不可能直接观察到加工区。
本发明的目的是提供一种可监视激光加工正确进程的技术，尽管这是很困难的。
为达到这一目的，本发明的主题为一种激光加工方法，其中将激光束传输到加工点的周围，并在加工点聚焦，其特征是：对激光加工期间加工点发射的光进行光谱分析。
特别地，可以连续地和/或实时地进行光谱分析。
本发明的主题还为一种激光加工装置，它是为实施这种方法而设置的，包括：激光器，传导激光束的装置及将光束聚焦到加工点上的装置，其特征为：此装置包括一个插入激光束通路中，可使该激光束穿透而反射其它波长光的分光镜和一个接收该分光镜反射光的光谱仪。
根据此装置的进一步特征：
当所述传导装置包括光导纤维时，分光镜安装在此光导纤维的上游;
光谱仪适宜于过滤激光器的闪光灯发出的光线;
光谱仪为干涉仪型。
下面结合附图描述本发明的实施例，本发明的唯一附图表示本发明的激光加工装置。
附图所示的装置基本上包括：YAG型激光器1，它发射1.06μm波长的激光束2。一般型的圆筒式加工头3及光谱仪4。本装置用于实施在一个小口径管（图中未示出）内进行环型焊接，比如用于在其上固定一个内部的修理套管（图中未示出）。
激光束穿过倾斜45°并且可使此激光束穿过但反射其它波长光的分光镜5，然后由透镜6聚焦到光纤7的上游端，再由光纤7传导进入加工头3。
在光纤的出口处，光束由透镜8准直，在倾斜45°的镜11上反射并通过加工头的旁侧出口12后，由透镜9聚焦加工点10上（在此例中形成管壁的一部分）。
操作中，在焊接期间加工点10发射出光，此光沿着与激光束方向相反的路径传播，直到分光镜5处后被反射到光谱仪4，在此接受连续的实时分析。
如果焊接在加工点10处是有效的，则光谱仪检测出焊接保护气体的电离谱线以及相应于焊接时汽化的基金属的蒸气的谱线，在上述谱线之间有着一定的幅度比，通过与对应于满意焊接的标准进行比较，即有可能实时监视焊接的正确进程。
应该注意的是，在有些情况下，光谱仪可能额外地接收到来自激光器1的闪灯的光谱，这个稳定的且可以很好地再现的附加光谱被储存在光谱仪的存储器中，并且被从实测光谱中去掉。
当然，分光镜5的选择必须是反射由加工点10发射的整个光谱的光。
以上描述的方法可用于实时监视任何激光加工的过程，如：热处理，切割，机械加工及净化处理等。

Claims (7)

1、一种使激光束(2)传导到加工点10并在此聚焦的激光加工方法，其特征在于：对激光加工期间加工点发射的光进行光谱分析。
2、根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于：所述的光谱分析是连续进行的。
3、根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于：所述光谱分析是实时进行的。
4、一种激光加工装置，包括：激光器（1），传导激光束的装置（7）和把激光束聚焦到加工点（10）上的聚焦装置（8，9），其特征在于：所述装置包括置于激光束路径上的，可使此激光束穿透但反射其它波长的光的分光镜（5），和一个接收被此镜反射的光的光谱仪（4）。
5、根据权利要求4的装置，其中所述传导装置（7）包括光导纤维，其特征在于：分光镜（5）安装在此光纤的上游。
6、根据权利要求4或5的装置，其特征在于：光谱仪（4）适宜过滤激光器（1）的闪光灯发出的光线。
7、根据权利要求4到6中任何一个的装置，其特征在于：光谱仪（4）是干涉仪型的。
CN91109612A 1990-10-10 1991-10-08 用于遥控激光加工的方法和装置 Pending CN1060424A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9012515 1990-10-10
FR9012515A FR2667810B1 (fr) 1990-10-10 1990-10-10 Procede et dispositif de travail au laser avec controle a distance.

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CN1060424A true CN1060424A (zh) 1992-04-22

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US (1) US5256852A (zh)
EP (1) EP0480783A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH04270090A (zh)
KR (1) KR920008778A (zh)
CN (1) CN1060424A (zh)
FR (1) FR2667810B1 (zh)

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CN104923916A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-23 丰田自动车株式会社 激光焊接装置以及激光焊接方法
CN105717135A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-06-29 南开大学 一种基于高光谱成像的监控激光清洗进程的方法
TWI615228B (zh) * 2016-11-29 2018-02-21 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 金屬帶材之製造方法

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US5961859A (en) * 1997-10-23 1999-10-05 Trw Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring laser weld quality via plasma size measurements
DE10305875A1 (de) * 2003-02-13 2004-09-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Prozesssicherung bei einem Bohrprozess
US7060932B2 (en) 2003-03-18 2006-06-13 Loma Linda University Medical Center Method and apparatus for material processing
US7038166B2 (en) * 2003-03-18 2006-05-02 Loma Linda University Medical Center Containment plenum for laser irradiation and removal of material from a surface of a structure
US7880116B2 (en) * 2003-03-18 2011-02-01 Loma Linda University Medical Center Laser head for irradiation and removal of material from a surface of a structure
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DE102004004666B3 (de) * 2004-01-30 2005-09-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Qualitätsbestimmung einer Schweissnaht oder einer thermischen Spritzschicht und Verwendung
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104923916A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-23 丰田自动车株式会社 激光焊接装置以及激光焊接方法
US10005153B2 (en) 2014-03-20 2018-06-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Laser beam welding apparatus and laser beam welding method
CN105717135A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-06-29 南开大学 一种基于高光谱成像的监控激光清洗进程的方法
TWI615228B (zh) * 2016-11-29 2018-02-21 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 金屬帶材之製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5256852A (en) 1993-10-26
EP0480783A1 (fr) 1992-04-15
KR920008778A (ko) 1992-05-28
FR2667810A1 (fr) 1992-04-17
FR2667810B1 (fr) 1995-02-17
JPH04270090A (ja) 1992-09-25

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