CN106036331A - 一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品 - Google Patents
一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品,是用辣木提取液作为一种液体培养基,将辣木液体培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种,接着培育至辣木液体培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得辣木灵芝生物饮品。通过实施本发明,把辣木和灵芝菌种通过生物减少组合形成另一个特色的结合体——辣木灵芝生物饮品,使其营养、功能及功效会更加突出,使普通的辣木也由此增值百倍。同时,最终产品——辣木灵芝生物饮品的生产制备工艺,具有培育周期短、生产制备工艺简单、产品的生产效率高及稳定等特点。此外,最终产品不但具有特色、新颖、营养价值高、保健效果佳等特点,而且形成的产品成本极低,加上形成的产品还具有特殊的防病、治病等食疗功能,将是新型保健饮品的新宠。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域,具体涉及到一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品。
背景技术
所述的辣木属辣木科,多年生常绿乔木,原产印度北部西马拉雅山麓和非洲北部地区,被称为“神奇之树”。经研究表明,辣木叶中含有丰富的营养,高维生素A、B、B1、B3、C、E高蛋白质,高纤维,含有六种矿物质,五种微量元素及十一种人休必需氨基酸。
辣木全身是宝,每100g辣木叶中含蛋白质27.1g约为牛奶的2倍,维C约为鲜橙的7倍,古印度传统医学认为:辣木叶可以预防多种疾病,更被广泛应用在多种慢性疾病上。
根据多项研究,辣木树皮及树根等部位可以降低血压及血糖、缓和发炎肿大、肠胃不适、风湿关节疼痛等,也可以舒缓神经系统,对于歇斯底里及止痛有良好的作用。
根据国内外临床报告,经常食用辣木籽可增强免疫力、排毒、塑身、抗老化、抗癌、并对多种慢性及重大疾病都有极大的改善功效。辣木籽是纯天然绿色食品,含有人体所需的全部营养物质,它可取代复合维生素、钙片、鱼肝油等。特别对高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、痛风等有很好的效果。辣木籽可协助改善、预防疾病,改善睡眠、增强记忆力、延缓衰老,还可用来治疗肝脏、脾脏、经络等特殊部位的疾病。它还具有治疗口臭和醒酒等作用。
辣木花内含丰富的氨基酸,是保健滋补的佳品。辣木花具有排毒、净化肌肤,令肌肤更加有光泽的作用,对于皮肤干燥粗糙和容易长粉刺而言,辣木花是最合适的选择。辣木花加牛奶煮熟可以起到调节内分泌,辣木花汁也可以減轻喉咙发炎,但孕妇不宜。
辣木所含钙质是牛奶的四倍;辣木所含蛋白质是牛奶的二倍;辣木所含钾是香蕉的三倍;辣木所含铁是菠菜的三倍;辣木所含维生素C是柑橘的七倍;辣木所含维生素A是(B胡萝卜)的四倍;辣木是对抗营养不良的健康食品,被西方科学家称为奇迹之绎;辣木对控制血糖、降血压、降血脂很有效,也是三高患者的一大福音;辣木对口干、无吐液、咽喉疼有特效,取到生津作用;辣木的减肥效果也很奇特,辣木中含有一种白氨酸,白氨酸对减肥效果比较好,国外已开发了辣木减肥茶、辣木减肥胶囊;辣木也有降火、排毒功效,辣木对长期缩便,便秘患者有极其帮助作用,连服10日可见奇效;辣木具有退热、消炎、提神、净化血管减肥瘦身,改善皮肤,增进性欲等功效。因此辣木分别被广泛应用于食品、保健、药品、美容等领域。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供全新的一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品。具体包括:该饮品是用辣木提取液作为一种液体培养基,将辣木液体培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种,接着培育至辣木液体培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得辣木灵芝生物饮品。
所述的灵芝,是祖国中医药宝库中的珍品,素有"仙草"之美誉。古今药理与临床研究均证明,灵芝确有防病治病、延年益寿之功效。东汉时期的《神农本草经》、明代著名医药学家李时珍的《本草纲目》,都对灵芝的功效有详细并极为肯定的记载。现代药理学与临床实践进一步证实了灵芝的药理作用,并证实灵芝多糖是灵芝扶正固本、滋补强壮、延年益寿的主要成分。现在,灵芝作为药物已正式被国家药典收载,同时它又是国家批准的新资源食品,无毒副作用,可以药食两用。
科学研究表明,灵芝的药理成分非常丰富,其中有效成份可分为十大类,包括灵芝多糖、灵芝多肽、三萜类、16种氨基酸(其中含有七种人体必需氨基酸)、蛋白质、甾类、甘露醇、香豆精苷、生物碱、有机酸(主含延胡索酸),以及微量元素Ge、P、Fe、Ca、Mn、Zn、等。灵芝对人体具有双向调节作用,所治病种,涉及心脑血管、消化、神经、内分泌、呼吸、运动等各个系统,尤其对肿瘤、肝脏病变、失眠以及衰老的防治作用十分显著。
随着灵芝的药用价值被人们广泛认识,今深山老林的野生灵芝资源也在不断的减少。目前,市场上的灵芝产品大多采用人工栽培,通过人工培养的灵芝子实体其品形态跟天然的有变异,但其疗效是相同的。但人工栽培的缺点就是在栽培过程中不可避免的要用到农药与化学方法来培育菌种,栽培管理过程中要用到农药来控制病菌虫害的控制等等,给灵芝子实体带来实际性的化学污染。然而,化学污染往往是人类各种疾病的源泉。另外,灵芝的生物转化率一直都很低,但人工栽培灵芝的周期长,加上生产工艺及管理过程复杂且繁琐使生产成本过高低导致效益低下。
随着技术研究不断的深入,通过生物深层发酵技术获得了全新的灵芝产品——灵芝菌丝体。灵芝菌丝体是由灵芝孢子萌发形成菌丝,而灵芝子实体是通过菌丝不断地分解,吸收养份,在合适的光照,空气,温度等其它条件配合时形成的。子实体成熟后弹射孢子粉,也就形成了灵芝的生活史,灵芝子实体所需要的构成物质,有一半以上的营养物质来源于菌丝体中的贮存养份。经过相关部门检测:灵芝菌粉具有灵芝相同的有效成分,其中粗多糖及灵芝多糖和蛋白质的含量远远高于天然灵芝。所开发出来的菌丝体产品用于失眠健忘、身体虚弱、神经衰弱等作用效果和破壁灵芝孢子粉差不多;对于治疗高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、癌症、有显著效果,所以灵芝菌丝体被冠名为“健康长寿食品”。
用生物深层发酵技术来生产灵芝菌丝体,其生产周期短、工艺简单、生产效率高、稳定等特点,是人工培养灵芝产品的主要发展方向。目前生产灵芝菌丝体所用的原料主要粮食的副产物或植物淀粉、大米粉、玉米粉、黄豆粉等,并在上述原料基础上添加些矿物元素为碳、氮源,菌丝体培育出来后再通过烘干并粉碎成粉状物。菌丝体通过烘干后其营养成分会有所流失。另外用这样的工艺生产出来的菌丝体产品除了产品本身具有的功能、功效外,其产品形成的形态差、口感不佳,甚至无任何味道,不能引起人们的注意,所以产品推广效果不佳。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品,技术方案中在于:该饮品是用辣木提取液作为一种液体培养基,将辣木液体培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种,接着培育至辣木液体培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得辣木灵芝生物饮品。
具体包括如下步骤:
1、辣木采集及处理:采集无病害、无农药残留的辣木枝叶为原料,接着将辣木枝叶晒或烘干至物料含水量低于8%,最后粉碎至能过80-100目备用。
2、辣木提取液萃取:按1公斤辣木粉碎物配100公斤清水的比例,把辣木粉碎物和清水一起放置到加热容器内,接着加热至水沸腾,并持续加热至水沸腾,直至容器内的水减少一半,最后经过过滤得到辣木提取液。
3、制备液体培养基:把85%的辣木提取液、3%的玉米粉和12%的红糖一起放入液体菌种培养容器内,最后按照常规方法灭菌后得生产用液体培养基。
4、接种:在无菌环境下往生产用液体培养基接入灵芝菌种,并保持菌种浮在液体培养基上面。
5、培菌:将接好种的培养容器移到培养室进行避光培养,在温度是20~23℃、相对湿度为60~65%的环境下使浮在液体培养基上面的菌种萌发出2-3厘米的菌丝,最后按照常规方法通过深层发酵培养至菌丝或菌球达到液体体积的90%以上而得辣木灵芝生物饮品。
6、成品:把长满菌丝或菌球辣木汁培养基分装于包装瓶中得成品辣木灵芝生物饮品。
本发明既有如下优点:
1、本发明所提出的以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品其制备方法构思新颖,生产工艺简单、容易实施。
2、辣木全身是宝,辣木所含钙质是牛奶的四倍;辣木所含蛋白质是牛奶的二倍;辣木所含钾是香蕉的三倍;辣木所含铁是菠菜的三倍;辣木所含维生素C是柑橘的七倍;辣木所含维生素A是(B胡萝卜)的四倍;辣木是对抗营养不良的健康食品,被西方科学家称为奇迹之绎;辣木对控制血糖、降血压、降血脂很有效,也是三高患者的一大福音;辣木对口干、无吐液、咽喉疼有特效,取到生津作用;辣木的减肥效果也很奇特,辣木中含有一种白氨酸,白氨酸对减肥效果比较好,国外已开发了辣木减肥茶、辣木减肥胶囊;辣木也有降火、排毒功效,辣木对长期缩便,便秘患者有极其帮助作用,连服10日可见奇效;辣木具有退热、消炎、提神、净化血管减肥瘦身,改善皮肤,增进性欲等功效。通过实施本发明,把辣木和灵芝菌种通过生物减少组合形成另一个特色的结合体——辣木灵芝生物饮品,使其营养、功能及功效会更加突出,使普通的辣木也由此增值百倍。
3、通过实施本发明,最终产品——辣木灵芝生物饮品的生产制备工艺,具有培育周期短、生产制备工艺简单、产品的生产效率高及稳定等特点。
4、通过实施本发明,由于主要原料——辣木,其原料来源广,容易组织,价格低廉,最终产品——辣木灵芝生物饮品的形成不但具有特色、新颖、营养价值高、保健效果佳等特点,而且形成的产品成本极低,加上形成的产品还具有特殊的防病、治病等食疗功能,将是新型保健饮品的新宠。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的方法进一步说明。
一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品,技术方案中在于:该饮品是用辣木提取液作为一种液体培养基,将辣木液体培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种,接着培育至辣木液体培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得辣木灵芝生物饮品。
具体实施方式如下:
1、辣木采集及处理:采集无病害、无农药残留的辣木枝叶为原料,接着将辣木枝叶晒或烘干至物料含水量低于8%,最后粉碎至能过80-100目备用。
2、辣木提取液萃取:按1公斤辣木粉碎物配100公斤清水的比例,把辣木粉碎物和清水一起放置到加热容器内,接着加热至水沸腾,并持续加热至水沸腾,直至容器内的水减少一半,最后经过过滤得到辣木提取液。
3、制备液体培养基:把85%的辣木提取液、3%的玉米粉和12%的红糖一起放入液体菌种培养容器内,最后按照常规方法灭菌后得生产用液体培养基。
4、接种:在无菌环境下往生产用液体培养基接入灵芝菌种,并保持菌种浮在液体培养基上面。
5、培菌:将接好种的培养容器移到培养室进行避光培养,在温度是20~23℃、相对湿度为60~65%的环境下使浮在液体培养基上面的菌种萌发出2-3厘米的菌丝,最后按照常规方法通过深层发酵培养至菌丝或菌球达到液体体积的90%以上而得辣木灵芝生物饮品。
6、成品:把长满菌丝或菌球辣木汁培养基分装于包装瓶中得成品辣木灵芝生物饮品。
Claims (1)
1.一种以辣木提取液为载体制备灵芝生物饮品,其特征在于:该饮品是用辣木提取液作为一种液体培养基,将辣木液体培养基灭菌后接入灵芝菌种,接着培育至辣木液体培养基长满灵芝菌丝或菌球得辣木灵芝生物饮品;
具体包括如下步骤:
(1)辣木采集及处理:采集无病害、无农药残留的辣木枝叶为原料,接着将辣木枝叶晒或烘干至物料含水量低于8%,最后粉碎至能过80-100目备用;
(2)辣木提取液萃取:按1公斤辣木粉碎物配100公斤清水的比例,把辣木粉碎物和清水一起放置到加热容器内,接着加热至水沸腾,并持续加热至水沸腾,直至容器内的水减少一半,最后经过过滤得到辣木提取液;
(3)制备液体培养基:把85%的辣木提取液、3%的玉米粉和12%的红糖一起放入液体菌种培养容器内,最后按照常规方法灭菌后得生产用液体培养基;
(4)接种:在无菌环境下往生产用液体培养基接入灵芝菌种,并保持菌种浮在液体培养基上面;
(5)培菌:将接好种的培养容器移到培养室进行避光培养,在温度是20~23℃、相对湿度为60~65%的环境下使浮在液体培养基上面的菌种萌发出2-3厘米的菌丝,最后按照常规方法通过深层发酵培养至菌丝或菌球达到液体体积的90%以上而得辣木灵芝生物饮品;
(6)成品:把长满菌丝或菌球辣木汁培养基分装于包装瓶中得成品辣木灵芝生物饮品。
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