CN106034451A - Method for carrying out original-soil cultivation on mild saline-alkaline land by adopting organic matters containing rice chaff ash - Google Patents
Method for carrying out original-soil cultivation on mild saline-alkaline land by adopting organic matters containing rice chaff ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN106034451A CN106034451A CN201610372553.9A CN201610372553A CN106034451A CN 106034451 A CN106034451 A CN 106034451A CN 201610372553 A CN201610372553 A CN 201610372553A CN 106034451 A CN106034451 A CN 106034451A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for carrying out original-soil cultivation on a mild saline-alkaline land by adopting organic matters containing rice chaff ash. The method comprises the step of applying the organic matters, wherein the organic matters contain the following ingredients: yellow mud, bamboo root soil, a nitrogen-potassium-phosphate compound fertilizer, rice chaff ash, potassium feldspar, tribulus terrestris saponin, lactic acid, starch dregs, perilla seed meal, chopped pineapple flesh, eel meat powder, well-composted silkworm faeces, a water retention agent and trace elements. The invention further provides a preparation method for the organic matters. According to the cultivation method provided by the invention, the expense for transporting imported soil is saved, the cost is reduced, and the expense is saved by 51%; the method plays roles in lowering the TDS content of soil and lowering the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of the soil; and the content of osmotic adjustment substances in leaves of planted platycladus orientalis is 12.5mg/kg to 15.2mg/kg, and the content of OPCs (oligomeric proanthocyanidins) in barks is 14.9% to 16.3%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method using organic matter that slight alkaline land is carried out original soil cultivation, be specifically related to one and adopt
Method slight alkaline land being carried out original soil cultivation with the organic matter containing rice chaff ash, belongs to salt-soda soil original soil technical field of cultivation.
Background technology
Salt-soda soil, whole world area is more than 900,000,000 hectares, and all kinds of saline and alkaline soil of China reaches 100,000,000 hectares, and alkaline land improving is generation
A criticality difficult problem.Still there are about 2.6 hundred million mu potential salinization soils in China according to statistics.If this kind of soil develops, irrigation farming
Etc. improper measures, easily there is secondary salinization.
Saline-alkali soil includes the soil that two kinds of character of solonchak and alkaline earth are different.Solonchak includes excess water soluble salinity, in many genus
Property salt, in alkaline reaction, between pH value 7 to 8.Salt damage mainly Na ion concentration is too high to be caused.Solonchak and salinization soil be by
The neutral salt such as sodium sulfate, sodium chloride forms, and alkalescence is the strongest.The basic salt of containing water-soluble in alkaline earth, in stronger alkaline reaction, PH
Value is more than 8.5.Soil structure is muddy time the worst, wet, be full of cracks of hardening time dry, causes plant to be unearthed difficult.Alkaline earth is corrosive,
The cell tissue of plant can be destroyed.Alkaline earth composition is based on sodium carbonate and raw sodium carbonate.Desalination soil, outside alkaline earth, often mostly be with
Alkaline earth is main and Saline Soils, or solonchak is main and containing alkaline earth salt-mixture alkaline earth.
At present, the Treatment process cost of saline-alkali soil is high, effect is of short duration, large-scale production has limitation, and production method is complicated, to salt
The alkali ground improvement cycle is long, can not accomplish that improvement soil comprehensive, systemic, persistent is allowed to become the good of stable high-quality
Field.Existing on salt-soda soil planting plants carry out the method for original soil cultivation and be primarily present following defect:
(1) the existing method that planting plants carries out original soil cultivation on salt-soda soil, fails to understand soil TDS content reduction effect
Aobvious；
(2) the existing method that planting plants carries out original soil cultivation on salt-soda soil, it is impossible to activate the activity of soil enzyme；
(3) the existing method that planting plants carries out original soil cultivation on salt-soda soil, the plant planted, root system is thin and delicate, underground
Main root is the most sturdy, and root system nutrition component content is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves above technical problem, it is provided that slight alkaline land is carried out by a kind of employing organic matter containing rice chaff ash
The method of original soil cultivation, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) increase the soil water and stablize aggregate amounts；
(2) salt-soda soil is carried out original soil cultivation, eliminate the expense of carrying soil moved in improve the original, reduce greening cost, save expense 51%；
(3) alkaline land soil porosity is increased；
(4) soil TDS value is reduced；
(5) alkalization of soils degree is reduced；
(6) soil organism is increased.
After this slight alkaline land is planted 1 year:
(7) seedling percent is improved；
(8) osmotic adjustment in blade is improved；
(9) proportion and the quality of timber are improved；
(10) OPCs (procyanidin compounds) content in bark is increased.
For solving above technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method that organic matter used containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land, it is characterised in that include executing
Add organic step.
The following is and the further of technique scheme is improved:
The described organic matter step that applies, organic including applying, described organic matter includes following components: yellow mud, bamboo root are native, nitrogen phosphorus
K composite fertilizer, rice chaff ash, potassium feldspar, Fructus Tribuli Saponin, lactic acid, fecula, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, Monopteri albi meat powder, silkworm of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Sand, water-retaining agent, trace element.
Described organic matter, by weight, including following components: yellow mud 36-41 part, bamboo root soil 35-47 part, azophoska
Hefei 11-17 part, rice chaff ash 13-26 part, potassium feldspar 13-28 part, Fructus Tribuli Saponin 5-11 part, lactic acid 1-5 part, fecula 6-13
Part, Fructus Perillae dregs of rice 8-14 part, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh 4-9 part, Monopteri albi meat powder 2.5-7.5 part, become thoroughly decomposed Bombyx mori L. 14-22 part, water-retaining agent 1-5.5
Part, trace element 0.4-1.7 part.
Described Fructus Tribuli Saponin: active constituent content is 92%, water content≤6%.
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein effective percentage ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 20%-33% nitrogen, 7%-18% phosphorus, 7%-15%
Potassium.
Described Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, organic acid content is 18%, water content 66%.
Described organic matter, its preparation method, prepare including solution A, prepared by described solution A, including by rice chaff ash, Fructus Tribuli
Saponin, lactic acid, fecula, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, Monopteri albi meat powder, become thoroughly decomposed Bombyx mori L. mix and blend, pours in the water of 4 times of weight
Steaming and decocting 20-30min.
Described organic matter, its preparation method, including cooling step, described cooling, it is cooled to 17-23 DEG C, adds trace unit
Element, dries to water content less than or equal to 6%.
A kind of method that organic matter used containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land, also includes selecting seedling
Step, described selection seedling, a diameter of 12-16cm of ground trunk, is preced with width 220-280cm.
A kind of method that organic matter used containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land, also includes nursing step
Suddenly, described nursing procedure, spreads salt-soda soil bactericide specially including soil table.
Use above technical scheme, the invention have the benefit that
(1) salt-soda soil is carried out original soil cultivation, eliminate the expense of carrying soil moved in improve the original, reduce greening cost, save expense 51%；
(2) adding the soil water and stablize aggregate amounts, the soil water stablizes aggregate (> 0.25mm) content 37-42%；
(3) adding alkaline land soil porosity, porosity of soil is 39.5-42.3%；
(4) reducing soil TDS content, soil TDS content is 10.5-13.1g/kg；
(5) reducing alkalization of soils degree, alkalization of soils degree ESP is 21.6-27.0%；
(6) soil organism is added, soil organic matter content 7.5-10.4mg/kg.
After this slight alkaline land is planted 1 year:
(7) improve seedling percent, seedling percent is up to 90.1-94.2%；
(8) improve the osmotic adjustment in blade, adjustment Substance of Leaves content 12.5-15.2mg/kg；
(9) improve the proportion of timber, air dry specific gravity of wood 0.61-0.68g/cm3；
(10) adding OPCs in bark (procyanidin compounds) content, bark OPCs content is 14.9-16.3%.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1 one kinds uses the method that the organic plantation Cacumen Platycladi containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land
Comprise the following steps:
A selects Cacumen Platycladi: select primary Cacumen Platycladi, selects the ground a diameter of 12-16cm of trunk, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground as the primary Cacumen Platycladi transplanted
10-15cm, is preced with width 220-280cm.
B excavates Cacumen Platycladi: to the Cacumen Platycladi chosen, the 11-12 month being selected in the i.e. lunar calendar in the winter second half year starts to excavate, then
Carry out root relief, angle shape at the tip of a root, will be accomplished, keep root with soil thick for 13-25cm simultaneously.
C selection of land: select the slight alkaline land that soil layer is deep, wherein, soil TDS content 20.2g/kg, alkalization of soils degree ESP
Value is 41.1%, soil organic matter content 5.2-6.4mg/kg.
D digs pit: selecting the gradient is that the clivia the direction which a grave faces sunny side less than or equal to 15 degree is digged pit, and the width digged pit is
60cm, the degree of depth are the tree well of 50cm.
E applies organic matter: will put into the organic matter that thickness is 5-10cm in tree well, and then the root of Cacumen Platycladi be put into hole
In, covering organic matter, the height of earthing, for burying at root 1-5cm, is somewhat treaded, then covers the organic matter of last layer 2-8cm.
Described organic matter, by weight, including following components:
Yellow mud 36 parts, bamboo root soil 35 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 11 parts, rice chaff ash 13 parts, potassium feldspar 13 parts, Fructus Tribuli Saponin 5 parts,
Lactic acid 1 part, fecula 6 parts, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice 8 parts, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh 4 parts, Monopteri albi meat powder 2.5 parts, the Bombyx mori L. 14 parts that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water-retaining agent 1 part,
Trace element 0.4 part.
Described Fructus Tribuli Saponin: active constituent content is 92%, water content≤6%；
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein effective percentage ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 20%-33% nitrogen, 7%-18% phosphorus, 7%-15% potassium；
Described Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, removes fresh pineapple blade and smashs to pieces and make muddy flesh, and organic acid content is 18%, water content 66%；
The described Bombyx mori L. that becomes thoroughly decomposed, for by the Bombyx mori L. of moisture 60%-85% and bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, on the spot heap
Thermophilic mould and thermobifida fusca the compound bacteria of fertile ground bacillus, thin cotton like blends and forms manure fermentation material, and compound
Bacterium living bacteria count is not less than 48 ± 100,000,000/g, is subsequently placed in defeated by 2-40 layer, horizontal direction 2-40 group belt in vertical direction
Sending the dynamic aerobic fermentation carried out in the three-dimensional Zymolysis Equipment that mechanism becomes 5-20 days, biologically dehydrating mummification is moisture 50%
Hereinafter, the Bombyx mori L. that becomes thoroughly decomposed is obtained.
The preparation method of described organic matter, comprises the following steps:
A, weigh each raw material according to formula；
Prepared by b, solution A: by rice chaff ash, Fructus Tribuli Saponin, lactic acid, fecula, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, Monopteri albi meat powder, become thoroughly decomposed
Bombyx mori L. mix and blend, pours steaming and decocting 20min-30min in the water of 4 times of weight into, it is thus achieved that solution A；
C, by potassium feldspar, yellow mud, bamboo root soil, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mix and blend pulverizing, produce B product；
D, continuation heating solution A, when solution A is seethed with excitement, be quickly poured into B product, and mix and blend, continue heating 15min-
20min, it is thus achieved that C mixture；
E, cooling: cooling C mixture, to 17-23 DEG C, adds trace element, stirs, and drying obtains powder, little to water content
In equal to 6%, add water-retaining agent, after uniform stirring, the organic matter of the present invention can be obtained.
F nurses: the Cacumen Platycladi after plantation is watered, and waters permeable after water all penetrates into, and it is special that soil table spreads one layer of salt-soda soil
With antibacterial, amount of application is every strain 2-3g.
Described salt-soda soil bactericide specially, by weight, including:
Polyoxin 32 parts, Zhongshengmycin 20 parts, biguanide three octyl benzene sulfonate 15 parts, amino-oligosaccharide 12 parts, Aloe carry
Take thing 8 parts, Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. Extract 7 parts, Bulbus Allii Cepae extract 7 parts.
G molding: with the aluminium wire of different size, First Year uses bundle of coiling, hangs the skill and technique moulding drawn, suitably prune, Second Year
Can be trimmed moulding for the whole year, within the 3rd year, such as Second Year moulding, through maintenance in 3 years, be shaped to Cacumen Platycladi landscape tree, Ji Keyi
Plant.
Further, select to water the when of not raining, when watering, need the ground of Distance-Tree bottom periphery 15-40cm
On loosen the soil, the degree of depth loosened the soil is 10-25cm, now needs careful tree root, waters after loosening the soil.
The method that the present invention uses, and it is not directed specifically to the plantation that Cacumen Platycladi is carried out, other green plants adapt to equally.
Embodiment 2 one kinds uses the method that the organic plantation Cacumen Platycladi containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land
Implantation methods is with embodiment 1, and difference is only and changes the organic composition with salt-soda soil bactericide specially:
Described organic matter, by weight, including following components:
47 parts of yellow mud 41 parts, bamboo root soil, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 17 parts, rice chaff ash 26 parts, potassium feldspar 28 parts, Fructus Tribuli Saponin 11
Part, lactic acid 5 parts, fecula 13 parts, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice 14 parts, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh 9 parts, Monopteri albi meat powder 7.5 parts, become thoroughly decomposed Bombyx mori L. 22 parts, water conservation
Agent 5.5 parts, trace element 1.7 parts.
Described salt-soda soil bactericide specially, by weight, including consisting of:
Polyoxin 40 parts, Zhongshengmycin 35 parts, biguanide three octyl benzene sulfonate 20 parts, amino-oligosaccharide 16 parts, Aloe carry
Take thing 13 parts, Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. Extract 16 parts, Bulbus Allii Cepae extract 12 parts.
Embodiment 3 one kinds uses the method that the organic plantation Cacumen Platycladi containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land
Implantation methods is with embodiment 1, and difference is only and changes the organic composition with salt-soda soil bactericide specially:
Described organic matter, by weight, including following components:
Yellow mud 38 parts, bamboo root soil 46 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 16 parts, rice chaff ash 16 parts, potassium feldspar 16 parts, Fructus Tribuli Saponin 9 parts,
Lactic acid 2 parts, fecula 11 parts, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice 11 parts, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh 5.2 parts, Monopteri albi meat powder 6.1 parts, become thoroughly decomposed Bombyx mori L. 19 parts, water-retaining agent
4.9 parts, trace element 0.8 part.
Described salt-soda soil bactericide specially, by weight, including consisting of:
Polyoxin 36 parts, Zhongshengmycin 30 parts, biguanide three octyl benzene sulfonate 16 parts, amino-oligosaccharide 15 parts, Aloe carry
Take thing 11 parts, Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. Extract 14 parts, Bulbus Allii Cepae extract 10 parts.
The application test effect of implantation methods of the present invention
2013 so far, and the plantation of Cacumen Platycladi is tested by the implantation methods of the applicant of the present invention present invention, by often
Rule method has carried out detection to the indices in salt-soda soil with the plant planted and has done Data Analysis Services.
Concrete experimental data processing result is as follows:
After a kind of table plants 1 year, the soil water stablizes aggregate (> 0.25mm) changes of contents (unit: g/kg)
After 2 kinds of table is planted 1 year, porosity of soil changes
After 3 kinds of table is planted 1 year, each index of soil changes (soil depth 0-50cm)
4 kinds of table plant 1 year after plant each index change
Wherein, matched group is for using conventional method to plant Cacumen Platycladi 1 year in identical salt-soda soil.
Except as otherwise noted, the percent employed in the present invention is percetage by weight, ratio of the present invention, all
For mass ratio.
Finally it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention,
Although being described in detail the present invention with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, it still may be used
So that the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments to be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent.
All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. the method that the organic matter used containing rice chaff ash carries out original soil cultivation to slight alkaline land, it is characterised in that include
Apply organic step.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described applying organic matter step, including applying organic matter, institute
State organic matter and include following components: yellow mud, bamboo root soil, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, rice chaff ash, potassium feldspar, Fructus Tribuli Saponin, lactic acid,
Fecula, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, Monopteri albi meat powder, the Bombyx mori L. that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water-retaining agent, trace element.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described organic matter, by weight, including following components:
Yellow mud 36-41 part, bamboo root soil 35-47 part, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 11-17 part, rice chaff ash 13-26 part, potassium feldspar 13-28 part, thorn
Fructus Tribuli saponin 5-11 part, lactic acid 1-5 part, fecula 6-13 part, Fructus Perillae dregs of rice 8-14 part, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh 4-9 part, Monopteri albi meat powder 2.5-
7.5 parts, Bombyx mori L. 14-22 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, water-retaining agent 1-5.5 part, trace element 0.4-1.7 part.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described Fructus Tribuli Saponin: active constituent content is 92%,
Water content≤6%.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is effective
Percentage ratio is 20%-33% nitrogen, 7%-18% phosphorus, 7%-15% potassium.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, organic acid content is 18%, water content
66%。
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described organic matter, its preparation method, prepares including solution A,
Prepared by described solution A, including by rice chaff ash, Fructus Tribuli Saponin, lactic acid, fecula, the Fructus Perillae dregs of rice, Fructus Ananadis comosi muddy flesh, Monopteri albi meat powder, corruption
Matured silkworm sand mix and blend, pours steaming and decocting 20-30min in the water of 4 times of weight into.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described organic matter, its preparation method, including cooling step,
Described cooling, is cooled to 17-23 DEG C, adds trace element, dries to water content less than or equal to 6%.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include selecting seedling step, described selection seedling, select
The a diameter of 12-16cm of ground trunk, the seedling of hat width 220-280cm.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including nursing procedure, described nursing procedure, including soil
Table spreads salt-soda soil bactericide specially.
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