CN106030400A - 电泳显示器 - Google Patents
电泳显示器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106030400A CN106030400A CN201580009761.6A CN201580009761A CN106030400A CN 106030400 A CN106030400 A CN 106030400A CN 201580009761 A CN201580009761 A CN 201580009761A CN 106030400 A CN106030400 A CN 106030400A
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- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEOCDNVZRAIOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl CEOCDNVZRAIOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Chemical compound C1=NC2=CC=NC2=C1 RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1676—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
- G02F1/1681—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells having two or more microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. of microcup type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
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Abstract
本发明涉及电泳显示装置,包括电泳流体,该流体包括分散在溶剂中的两种类型的带电颗粒,其中,两种类型的带电颗粒具有相同的颜色,但携带相反的电荷极性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电泳显示装置以及用于这种显示装置的电泳流体。
背景技术
电泳显示器(EPD)是基于影响分散在介电溶剂中的带电颜料颗粒的电泳现象的非辐射装置。EPD通常包括一对隔开的板状电极。电极板中的至少一个通常在观看侧是透明的。由具有分散在其中的带电颜料颗粒的介电溶剂组成的电泳流体被封装在两个电极板之间。
电泳流体可以具有分散在对比色的溶剂或溶剂混合物中的一种类型的带电颜料颗粒。在该情况下,当将电压差施加在两个电极板之间时,颜料颗粒通过吸引至与颜料颗粒的极性相反的极性的板而迁移。由此,在透明板处显示的颜色可以是溶剂的颜色或颜料颗粒的颜色。板极性的反转将使得颗粒迁移回至相对的板,由此反转颜色。
可替换地,电泳流体可以具有两种类型的对比色的颜料颗粒,其携带相反的电荷,并且两种类型的颜料颗粒可以分散在透明的溶剂或溶剂混合物中。在该情况下,当将电压差施加在两个电极板之间时,两种类型的颜料颗粒将移动至相对的端部。由此,在观看侧将看到两种类型的颜料颗粒的颜色之一。
电泳显示器通常展示双稳定性,这意味着在电泳流体中的带电颗粒在电场下被驱动至期望位置之后,带电颗粒将在电场关闭之后保持基本上不移动。换句话说,当通过将带电颗粒驱动至期望位置来显示图像时,图像将甚至在电场关闭之后保持不变。
附图说明
图1示出本发明的电泳流体。
图2示出如何由图1的显示装置显示不同的颜色状态。
图3示出可替换的电泳流体。
图4示出如何由图3的显示装置显示不同的颜色状态。
具体实施方式
本发明的第一方面涉及电泳流体,如图1所示。
在图1中,显示装置利用电泳流体,其包括相同颜色的但携带相反的电荷极性的两种类型(11和12)的带电颗粒。两种类型的带电颗粒分散在溶剂或溶剂混合物(13)中,溶剂或溶剂混合物(13)具有与两种类型的带电颗粒的颜色在视觉上形成对比的颜色。
显示流体夹在两个电极层之间。电极层之一是共用电极(15),其是分布在显示装置的整个顶部上的透明的电极层(例如,ITO)。另一电极层(16)是像素电极(16a)的层。两个垂直虚线之间的空间表示一个像素。因此,每个像素具有相应的像素电极。
像素电极(16a)在美国专利No.7,046,228中描述,该专利的内容以其整体通过引用包含于此。注意,尽管利用薄膜晶体管(TFT)背板的有源矩阵驱动被提到用于像素电极的层,但本发明的范围包括其他类型的电极寻址,只要电极用于期望的功能即可。
带电颗粒的浓度可以在显示流体中按体积计为1%至20%,优选地按体积计为5%至10%。
如果带电颗粒为白色,则它们可以由诸如TiO2、ZrO2、ZnO、Al2O3、Sb2O3、BaSO4或PbSO4等的无机颜料形成。它们也可以是具有高折射率(>1.5)以及特定尺寸(>100nm)以呈现白色的聚合物颗粒。
对于黑色的带电颗粒,它们可以由CI颜料黑26或28等(例如,铁锰黑或铜铬黑)或碳黑形成。
如果带电颗粒是其他颜色(非白色和非黑色),则它们可以由诸如CI颜料PR 254,PR122,PR149,PG36,PG58,PG7,PB28,PB15:3,PY83,PY138,PY150,PY155或PY20的有机颜料形成。这些是在颜色索引手册“NewPigment Application Technology”(CMC Publishing Co,Ltd,1986)和“Printing Ink Technology”(CMC Publishing Co,Ltd,1984)中描述的常用的有机颜料。具体示例包括科莱恩公司(Clariant)的Hostaperm Red D3G70-EDS,Hostaperm Pink E-EDS,PV fast red D3G,Hostaperm red D3G 70,Hostaperm Blue B2G-EDS,Hostaperm Yellow H4G-EDS,Novoperm YellowHR-70-EDS,Hostaperm Green GNX,BASF Irgazine red L 3630,CinquasiaRed L 4100HD,和Irgazin Red L 3660HD;太阳化学公司(Sun Chemical)的酞菁蓝、酞菁绿、苯胺黄或苯胺AAOT黄。彩色颗粒也可以由诸如CI颜料蓝28、CI颜料绿50和CI颜料黄227等的无机颜料形成。
带电颗粒的表面可以由已知的技术基于所需颗粒的电荷极性和电荷水平来修改,如在美国专利No.6,822,782和7,002,728、美国公布No.2014-0011913,US 2012-0199798和US 2013-0175479中所述,其全部内容以其整体通过引用包含于此。
带电颗粒可以呈现原本的电荷,或者可以使用电荷调节剂明确地被充电,或者可以在悬浮在溶剂或溶剂混合物中时获取电荷。
合适的电荷调节剂在本领域中是公知的;它们本质上可以是聚合物或非聚合物的,或者可以是离子的或非离子的。电荷调节剂的例子可以包括但不限于Solsperse 17000(活性聚合物分散剂)、Solsperse 9000(活性聚合物分散剂)、OLOA 11000(丁二酰亚胺无灰分散剂)、Unithox 750(乙氧基化物)、Span 85(三油酸山梨坦)、Petronate L(磺酸钠)、Alcolec LV30(大豆卵磷脂)、Petrostep B100(石油磺酸盐)或B70(磺酸钡)、Aerosol OT、聚异丁烯衍生物、或乙烯丁烯共聚物衍生物等。
为了高的颗粒移动性,颜料颗粒分散于其中的溶剂具有在约2至约30、优选地约2至约15的范围的介电常数。合适的介电溶剂的示例包括诸如合成异构烷烃(isopar)、十氢化萘(DECALIN)、5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、脂肪油、石蜡油的碳氢化合物;硅液(silicon fluid);诸如甲苯、二甲苯、苯基二甲苯基乙烷、十二烷基苯和烷基萘的芳香族碳氢化合物;诸如全氟萘烷、全氟甲苯、全氟二甲苯、二氯三氟甲苯、3,4,5-三氯三氟甲苯、氯五氟苯、二氯壬烷、五氯苯的卤化溶剂;以及诸如来自美国明尼苏达州圣保罗市(St.Paul MN)的3M公司的FC-43、FC-70和FC-5060的全氟化溶剂,诸如来自美国俄勒冈州的波特兰市(Portland,Oregon)的TCI America公司的聚全氟丙烯氧化物、诸如来自美国新泽西州里弗埃奇(River Edge,NJ)的Halocarbon Product公司的卤烃油(Halocarbon Oil)的聚三氟氯乙烯的低分子量的含卤素聚合物,诸如来自Ausimont公司或Krytox Oils公司的Galden和来自特拉华州(Delaware)的DuPont公司的Greases K-FluidSeries的全氟聚烷基醚,来自Dow-corning公司的基于聚二甲基硅氧烷的硅油(DC-200)。
溶剂的颜色可以通过将染料溶解在溶剂中生成。溶剂染料通常是商业可购买的。用于有机溶剂的染料的分子通常是非极性的或低极性,并且它们不经过离子化。优选的染料具有好的光牢固度(例如,基于金属络合物)。商业可购买的溶剂染料的示例可以包括但不限于溶剂红24、溶剂红26、溶剂红164、溶剂黄124或溶剂蓝35。
本发明的显示器的独特的特征之一在于,不像传统的电泳显示器,本发明中的带电颗粒不呈现双稳定性或呈现最小的双稳定性,其意味着当关闭驱动电压时,颗粒将从它们通过驱动电压被驱动至的位置移开。
图2示出如何利用图1的显示器显示不同的颜色状态。假定为,为了示出的目的,带正电荷的和带负电荷的颗粒是白色,并且它们分散在蓝色的溶剂中。
当将正驱动电压施加至像素时(参见2(a)),带正电荷的白颜料颗粒被驱动至共用电极处或附近。因此,在观看侧看到白色。
当将负驱动电压施加至像素时(参见2(b)),带负电荷的白颜料颗粒被驱动至共用电极处或附近。因此,在观看侧看到的颜色也是白色。
当2(a)或2(b)的施加至像素的驱动电压关闭时,带电的白色颗粒由于缺乏双稳定性,将远离共用电极移动。在该情况下,在观看侧看到溶剂的颜色(即,蓝色)(参见2(c))。
从像素的观点,像素显示同一光学状态,而不管是否施加了正或负驱动电压,并且当关闭驱动电压时显示不同的光学状态。
更具体地,当存在由正驱动电压生成的电场时,该电场足以驱动正带电颗粒到达共用电极侧以允许在观看侧看到颗粒的颜色,这种状态被称为“开启”状态。同样,当存在由负驱动电压生成的电场时,该电场足以驱动负带电颗粒到达共用电极侧以允许在观看侧看到颗粒的颜色,该状态也被称为“开启”状态。如上所述,因为两种类型的颗粒是同一颜色,因而在两个“开启”状态显示的颜色是相同的。
当切断电源时(即,不施加驱动电压),状态被称为“关闭”状态。在“关闭”状态,显示(即,在观看侧看到)不同的颜色。
根据本发明,由于缺乏双稳定性,“开启”和“关闭”状态之间的颜色改变被定义为ΔΕ,至少为5,优选地至少为10。
在颜色科学中,L、a和b用于定义光学状态。Lab颜色空间是基于非线性压缩(例如,CIE XYZ颜色空间)坐标的颜色对立空间,维度L表示亮度,a和b表示颜色对立维度。亮度L*在L*=0时表示最暗的黑色,以及在L*=100时表示最亮的白色。颜色通道a*和b*将在a*=0和b*=0处表示真实的中性灰度值。红/绿对立颜色沿着a*轴表示,其中绿色在负a*值处,红色在正a*值处。黄/蓝对立颜色沿着b*轴表示,其中蓝色在负b*值处,以及黄色在正b*值处。b*和b*轴的标度和限度将取决于Lab颜色的具体实施,但是它们通常在±100或-128至+127的范围中延伸。每个可感知的颜色具有一个L*、a*和b*值的集合。
如果两个颜色状态被分别表示为(L1*,a1*,b1*)和(L2*,a2*,b2*),则两个颜色状态之间的色差ΔE可以从以下公式获得:
例如,如果在“开启”状态,像素显示白色,在Lab系统中表示为(65,-3.3,-1.8),以及在“关闭”状态,像素显示蓝色,表示为(32.6,-11.4,-34.5)。在该示例中,ΔE被计算为46.7。
图3示出本发明的第二方面。在该图中,电泳流体包括相同颜色但携带相反的电荷极性的两种类型(31和32)的带电颗粒。两种类型的带电颗粒分散在溶剂或溶剂混合物(33)中,溶剂或溶剂混合物(33)可以是透明的和无色的。显示流体夹在两个电极层之间。电极层之一是共用电极(35),其是分布在显示装置的整个顶部上的透明的电极层(例如,ITO)。另一电极层(36)是像素电极(36a)的层。两个垂直虚线之间的空间表示一个像素。因此,每个像素对应于像素电极。
本发明的第一方面的以上描述可应用于本发明的该方面。然而,在本发明的该方面中,第三类型的颗粒(34)被添加,并且第三类型的颗粒未带电或轻微带电,并且具有与两种类型的带电颗粒的颜色在视觉上形成对比的颜色。颗粒被分散在其中的溶剂(33)优选地是透明的和无色的。
未带电或轻微带电的颜色颗粒可以具有<20mV的ζ-电位(zetapotential)。因此,它们将在显示装置的操作期间保持稳定并基本上均匀地分散在显示流体中。
未带电或轻微带电的颗粒可以由聚合物材料形成。聚合物材料可以是共聚物或均聚物。
用于未带电或轻微带电的颗粒的聚合物材料的示例可以包括但不限于聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、多酚或聚硅氧烷等。聚合物材料的更具体的示例可以包括但不限于聚(甲基丙烯酸五溴苯酯)、聚(2-乙烯基萘)、聚(甲基丙烯酸萘酯)、聚(α-甲基苯乙烯)、聚(N-苄基甲基丙烯酰胺)、或聚(甲基丙烯酸苄酯)。
在一个实施例中,如果未带电或轻微带电的颗粒被着色,它们可以包括但不限于在LCD工业中用于颜色过滤器应用的商业可购得的着色剂,诸如科莱恩公司的Hostaperm Red D2B-COF VP 3781(即,红254),其属于吡咯并吡咯二酮类;Hostaperm Blue E3R-COF VP3573(即,蓝15:6),其属于酞菁类;或Hostaperm Violet RL-COF 02VP3101(即,紫23),其属于二恶嗪类。
在另一实施例中,未带电或轻微带电的着色颗粒可以具有透明的聚合物基体,并具有在基体中溶解的染料分子。这种类型的未带电或轻微带电的着色颗粒的示例可以包括但不限于被染色的聚合物微粒以及被染色的聚苯乙烯颗粒,所有这些是商业可购得的。
未带电或轻微带电的颗粒的大小优选地在10纳米至5微米的范围内,更优选地50纳米至2微米的范围内。
图3中的带电颗粒的浓度在显示流体中可以为按体积1%-20%,优选地按体积5%-10%,并且未带电或轻微带电的颗粒的浓度在显示流体中可以为按体积1%-30%,优选地7%-20%。
图4示出如何利用图3的显示流体显示不同的颜色状态。假定为,为了示出的目的,带正电荷的和带负电荷的颗粒是白色,第三类型的颜料颗粒是未带电或轻微带电的并且是蓝色。溶剂在该示例中是透明的和无色的。
当将正驱动电压施加至像素时(参见4(a)),带正电荷的白颜料颗粒被驱动至共用电极处或附近。因此,在观看侧看到白色。
当将负驱动电压施加至像素时(参见4(b)),带负电荷的白颜料颗粒被驱动至共用电极处或附近。因此,所看到的颜色也是白色。
当4(a)或4(b)的施加至像素的驱动电压关闭时,带电的白色颗粒由于缺乏双稳定性,将远离共用电极移动。在该情况下,在观看侧看到未带电或轻微带电的颗粒的颜色(即,蓝色)(参见4(c))。
如图4所示,像素显示相同的光学状态,不管施加了正驱动电压还是负驱动电压,并且当驱动电压关闭时显示一个不同的光学状态。根据本发明,“开启”和“关闭”状态之间的颜色改变被定义为ΔΕ,也至少为5,优选地至少为10。
存在许多不同的方式来减少/消除带电颗粒的双稳定性以实现至少为5、优选地至少为10的ΔΕ。以下是一些选择。
例如,较高的ΔΕ可以通过带电颗粒的表面改性来实现。在一个实施例中,颗粒可以涂布有溶剂可溶解的聚合物以使得颗粒与它们分散其中的溶剂兼容。
通常,在颗粒表面上的溶剂可溶解的聚合物的存在是实现颗粒的良好分散性的关键。溶剂可溶解的聚合物的选择将取决于材料与在电泳流体中使用的溶剂的兼容性。合适的聚合物可以包括但不限于聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、或聚硅氧烷。
溶剂可溶解的聚合物可以由单体、低聚物或聚合物形成,并且它们可以具有单链或支链。根据聚合物与颗粒分散其中的溶剂的兼容性和/或聚合物链的密度和长度,它们还可以具有不同的构造,诸如颗粒表面上的盘旋(coil)、伸展链或不规则的缠结链(tangled chain)。
在颗粒的表面上,可以仅存在一种类型的溶剂可溶解的聚合物或几种不同类型的溶剂可溶解的聚合物。
一个示例是作为核心颜料的TiO2,表面涂布有聚丙烯酸十二酯。形成溶剂可溶解的聚合物的其他合适的单体可以包括但不限于甲基丙烯酸十二酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸己酯、甲基丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸正辛酯、甲基丙烯酸正辛酯、丙烯酸正十八酯、或甲基丙烯酸正十八酯。
如果带电颗粒是涂布有溶剂可溶解的聚合物的表面,并且当驱动电压关闭时,颗粒将趋于远离它们被驱动至的位置移动,并且分散回溶剂中。
可替换地,带电颗粒的尺寸优选地相对较大,例如,大于1微米。带电颗粒的密度也优选较高,例如,高达颗粒被分散其中的溶剂的密度的至少两倍。
流体也可以被设计为在室温下具有0.5-50cps的范围的低剪切粘度,以使得当电源关闭时,带电颗粒可以由于重力容易地向下沉降,或者由于布朗运动而均匀地分散。
此外,可替换地,介电涂层可以被施加至共用电极的表面(其在观看侧上)以使得共用电极具有残余电压(类似于反向偏置现象),其可以在电源关闭时将颗粒从共用电极向后推。介电涂层可以是聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、或环氧树脂等。
本发明的电泳流体被填充在显示单元中。显示单元可以是如美国专利No.6,930,818中描述的杯状微单元,该专利的内容以其整体通过引用包含于此。显示单元也可以是其他类型的微容器,诸如微胶囊、微通道或等价物,与它们的形状或大小无关。所有这些在本申请的范围内。
尽管参考其具体实施例描述了本发明,但本领域技术人员应该理解,在不背离本发明的真实精神和范围的情况下,可以作出各种改变和进行替代。另外,可以作出许多修改以使特定情形、材料、组成、过程、处理步骤适应本发明的目标和范围。所有这些修改都确定为在所附权利要求的范围内。
Claims (17)
1.一种电泳显示器,包括电泳流体,所述流体包括分散在溶剂中的两种类型的带电颗粒,其中:
a)所述两种类型的带电颗粒具有相同的颜色,但携带相反的电荷极性;以及
b)像素的开启和关闭状态之间的色差以ΔΕ表示,至少为5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,ΔΕ至少为10。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述溶剂具有在视觉上与所述带电颗粒的颜色相区别的颜色。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述流体进一步包括未带电或轻微带电的颗粒,其具有在视觉上与所述带电颗粒的颜色相区别的颜色。
5.根据权利要求4所述的显示器,其中,所述溶剂是透明的和无色的。
6.根据权利要求3所述的显示器,其中,所述流体进一步包括电荷调节剂。
7.根据权利要求4所述的显示器,其中,所述流体进一步包括电荷调节剂。
8.根据权利要求3所述的显示器,其中,所述带电颗粒是白色,并且所述溶剂是染色的红色、绿色或蓝色。
9.根据权利要求4所述的显示器,其中,所述带电颗粒是白色,并且所述未带电或轻微带电的颗粒是红色、绿色或蓝色。
10.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述带电颗粒涂布有溶剂可溶解的聚合物。
11.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述流体夹在共用电极和多个像素电极之间,并且所述共用电极具有介电涂层。
12.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述带电颗粒的密度高达所述颗粒被分散其中的溶剂的密度的至少两倍。
13.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述流体在室温下具有0.5-50cps的范围的低剪切粘度。
14.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述带电颗粒的尺寸大于1微米。
15.根据权利要求1所述的显示器,其中,所述流体被填充在显示单元中。
16.根据权利要求15所述的显示器,其中,所述显示单元是杯状微单元。
17.根据权利要求15所述的显示器,其中,所述显示单元是微胶囊。
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