CN106028464A - 高效率分布式设备对设备(d2d)信道接入 - Google Patents

高效率分布式设备对设备(d2d)信道接入 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106028464A
CN106028464A CN201610281428.7A CN201610281428A CN106028464A CN 106028464 A CN106028464 A CN 106028464A CN 201610281428 A CN201610281428 A CN 201610281428A CN 106028464 A CN106028464 A CN 106028464A
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equipment
transmission
subframe
sidelinks
communication
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CN106028464B (zh
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李洪刚
李庆华
符仲凯
陈晓刚
朱源
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Apple Inc
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Intel Corp
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Abstract

本文总体描述了用于使用高效率分布式信道接入方案来促进设备对设备(D2D)通信的技术。在一些示例中,为无线D2D通信所分配的通信区被划分成资源竞争部分和经调度的传输部分。可使用资源竞争段将请求消息从发送设备发送到接收设备(请求发送消息),并且将对该请求消息的响应从接收设备发送到发送设备(允许发送消息)。该响应可指示在经调度的传输段期间数据传输发生的时间。在经调度的传输段期间,将执行各种设备之间的经调度的数据传输和其他D2D数据传输。在进一步的示例中,可在资源竞争段期间,使用竞争接入技术来管理对资源信道的接入。

Description

高效率分布式设备对设备(D2D)信道接入
本申请是申请日为2013年6月6日申请号为第201380036520.1号发明名称为“高效率分布式设备对设备(D2D)信道接入”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
优先权申请
本申请要求2012年11月28日提交的美国专利申请S/N.13/687,838的优先权权益,该美国专利申请要求了2012年8月3日提交的美国临时专利申请S/N.61/679,627的优先权权益,这两项申请通过引用被整体结合在此。
技术领域
实施例涉及无线网络中的通信设备所执行的操作和通信。一些实施例关于无线网络所促成的设备之间的设备对设备(D2D)通信。
背景技术
D2D无线通信技术可用于在移动设备和网络之间卸载数据通信并执行对等(peer-to-peer)通信。移动设备(如:用户装备(UE))之间的D2D通信通常被设计成用于对来自无线基站的集中式通信(例如,来自3GG长期演进/长期演进-高级型(LTE/LTE-A)网络中的演进型节点B(eNodeB)的集中式站对移动端通信)的使用进行补充。D2D通信能够重新使用集中式网络所使用的经许可的通信频带和信道中的频谱。然而,当对具有集中式网络和独立操作的设备的D2D通信进行调度和协调时,存在着复杂性。
例如,利用某些3GP LTE/LTE-A标准,eNodeB可为D2D通信分配时频区(“D2D区”)。在D2D区内,可使用基于竞争的信道接入技术来管理分布式设备向D2D通信资源的接入。基于竞争的信道接入有助于使调度最小化,并且控制eNodeB和多个D2D UE所使用的公共接口上的开销。然而,诸如带冲突避免的载波侦听多路访问(CSMA/CA)之类的一些基于竞争的方法由于分组(packet)冲突和信道监测,在竞争开销和功耗方面不是高效的。
附图说明
图1包括根据进一步描述的示例所述,用于在载波网络连接的设备之间的无线通信的D2D配置的图。
图2A示出根据进一步描述的示例所述,被分配在无线通信帧中的D2D通信空间(“D2D区”)的框图。
图2B示出根据进一步描述的示例所述,具有随机接入竞争和经调度的通信划分的D2D通信空间(“D2D区”)的框图。
图3示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的D2D通信的基于时间的图,该D2D通信包括用于多个设备的随机接入竞争和经调度的通信。
图4示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的D2D通信的操作流程,该D2D通信包括在两个设备之间的随机接入竞争和经调度的通信。
图5示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的无线通信设备的流程图,该无线通信设备使用竞争和经调度的通信过程来执行D2D通信。
图6A示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的用于为D2D数据发送促成D2D信道接入的示例方法。
图6B示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的用于为D2D数据接收促成D2D信道接入的示例方法。
图7示出示例移动设备,本文所描述的配置和技术可以被部署在该示例移动设备上。
图8示出示例计算机系统,其可用作用于本文所描述的计算设备的计算平台。
具体实施方式
下列描述及附图充分示出了具体实施例,以使本领域中的技术人员能够实施它们。其他的实施例可以结合结构、逻辑、电、进程及其他改变。一些实施例的部分和特征可被包括在其他实施例的部分和特征中、或代替其他实施例的部分和特征。在权利要求中所陈述的实施例包括这些权利要求的所有可用的等效技术方案。
本文所描述的各种技术和配置提供用于D2D无线通信的高效的基于竞争的信道接入方案。这种基于竞争的信道接入方案可以被部署在经分派或分配的D2D通信区或段中,例如,在被分配在基于载波的无线通信网络中的D2D通信区中。本文所描述的用于D2D通信的基于竞争的信道接入方案也结合使用调度技术,以协调对竞争过程所请求的所传输数据的执行。
在一个示例中,D2D通信区被分配成资源分配段(如,随机接入信道(RACH)时间段)和经调度的通信段(如,经调度的(SCH)时间段)。在资源分配段期间,可以在设备之间交换一系列请求和确认消息,例如,请求发送(RTS)消息和允许发送(CTS)消息。发送设备可在资源分配段中发送RTS消息,以请求D2D区中的资源来执行无线传输。可以响应于RTS消息来发送CTS消息,以指示接收设备将监测到用于接收无线传输的资源的经调度的时间(在经调度的通信段中)。在经调度的通信段期间的经调度的时间,发送设备和接收设备能够执行D2D无线通信。
本文所描述的D2D通信技术提供联合竞争与调度机制,该机制处理排他性的竞争或调度技术的缺陷。一种常用的竞争技术CSMA/CA被部署在用于诸如符合IEEE 802.11标准的实现方案之类的无线网络的通信中。CSMA/CA实现方案通常使用退避计数器,以等待随机数量的时隙,从而有助于发现发送数据分组的机会。如果信道空闲,则发送分组。
本文所描述的D2D通信技术使实际的数据传输能够被调度和保留。这确保了在使用基于竞争的技术来请求调度时,特定的数据分组能够不受干扰地被发送。这使这样一种方法称为可能,即,能够将原始的竞争机制转换成分布式调度机制,以产生更少的竞争和网络污染。此外,分布式调度机制的使用使多对设备能够在经调度的窗口中交换数据。可使用来自调度窗口的信息来进一步协调D2D无线网络的功率使用、通信和其他方面。
图1示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的用于在载波网络连接的设备104A、104B、104C之间的无线通信的D2D联网配置100。如所说明的那样,基于载波的网络(如,根据来自3GPP标准族的标准进行操作的LTE/LTE-A单元网络)由载波网络系统102(如,eNodeB)与移动设备104A、104B、104C(如,用户装备(UE))建立。该基于载波的网络包括分别连向移动设备104A、104B、104C的网络连接106A、106B、106C。移动设备104A、104B、104C被示出为符合各种形状因子,包括智能电话104A、移动电话104B和具有集成的或外部的无线网络通信设备的个人计算机(PC)104C。
可以使用本文所描述的用于D2D连接的竞争和调度技术在各种移动设备104A、104B、104C之间执行D2D通信。可D2D通信的设备对能够彼此对话,并且可以共同位于相同区域中。具体而言,可在智能电话104A和移动电话104B之间建立D2D连接108;可在移动电话104B和个人计算机104C之间建立D2D连接110;可在智能电话104A和个人计算机104C之间建立D2D连接112。
可使用受载波网络系统102控制的基于载波的网络来促进D2D连接108、110、112的操作。基于载波的网络(和在基于载波的网络内的各种设备、子系统以及诸如eNodeB之类的组件)可为所允许的D2D能力调度或协调通信窗口和时序。载波网络系统102也可在各种移动设备104A、104B、104C之间传递可用性和连接细节,并且指示待使用D2D连接而被传递的数据的类型或何时需要或鼓励使用D2D连接。可使用与基于载波的网络相同或不同的通信频率及频谱,在接收设备104A、104B、104C之间实施D2D连接108、110、112。这可以包括使用相同的网络协议(如,根据LTE、LTE-A或其他3GPP标准进行操作的网络协议)或其他网络协议(如,根据来自IEEE 802.11或802.16标准族的标准,或根据由蓝牙特别兴趣组颁布的蓝牙标准进行操作的网络协议)的经许可的或未经许可的频谱。
图2A示出根据进一步描述的示例所述,被分配在无线通信帧200中的D2D通信空间的框图。如图中所描绘的那样,无线通信帧200可包括含有一组下行链路子帧的下行链路段202和含有一系列上行链路子帧的上行链路段204。上行链路段204可被进一步分割成包括为D2D通信所分配的资源。如所示出的那样,为D2D通信所分配的该段在本文中被称为“D2D区”206。在各种移动设备104A、104B、104C之间的任何D2D无线传输可配置成在D2D区206内开始和结束。
图2B示出根据进一步描述的示例所述,具有随机接入竞争和经调度的通信划分的示例D2D通信空间(D2D区206)的框图。在基于帧的时频区中,可在时域中定义并划分D2D区206,如图2B中所示。D2D区206的随机接入竞争段在本文中被称为D2D随机接入信道“D2D RACH”段208。D2D区206的经调度的通信段在本文中被称为D2D共享信道“D2D SCH”段210。尽管没有被示出,但是也可以出于其他目的,对D2D区206进一步进行分段或划分。
在一个示例实现方案中,用于D2D通信资源的所有竞争仅在D2DRACH段208中发生。这导致在D2D SCH段210中,只有很少数目的可能的D2D设备(竞争的获胜者)在活跃地进行通信。使用D2D RACH段208中的竞争资源,并且随后在D2D SCH段210中进行调度,使设备能够有效地协调操作,在大量潜在设备可能正进行通信的情况下尤其如此。
可使用将竞争限制在D2D RACH段208中,并且将实际的数据传输限制在D2D SCH段210中来保持基于竞争的D2D通信的灵活性,同时使降低许多设备的功耗成为可能。例如,在D2D SCH段210的持续时间期间,不涉及经调度的通信的D2D设备可选择进入节能模式或减少的通信模式。类似地,仅在D2D SCH段210的部分期间,涉及经调度的通信的D2D设备可根据调度,按需要从低功率状态中醒来(以及重新进入低功率状态)。
相比之下,实现诸如CSMA/CA之类的各种竞争技术的设备的功耗可能远高于利用现在所描述的技术所需的功耗。这是因为,使用CSMA/CA时,每个设备通常需要一直是活跃的,以在无线信道上检测所接收的分组(并且防止设备丢失寻址到该设备的分组)。调度多个D2D传输,在调度窗口之内一次调度一个传输,这样使许多D2D设备能够降低功率和信道监测要求。
图3示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的D2D通信的基于时间的图300,该D2D通信包括用于多个设备302、304、306、308的随机接入竞争和经调度的通信(在D2D区206或其他所指定的D2D通信时间内)。如所描绘的那样,设备A 302和设备C 306的每个都旨在分别对去往设备B 304和设备D 308的传输(318、320)进行调度。
在D2D RACH段208期间,所有活跃的D2D设备302、304、306、308都监测用于潜在的发送或接收的信道。在图3所示的示例中,有设备A 302所发送的请求发送消息310,其用于指示向设备B 304执行数据传输的请求;并且有设备C 306发送的请求发送消息314,其用于指示向设备D 308执行数据传输的请求。这些请求发送消息310、314用于调用响应,所述响应是来自设备B 304的允许发送消息312和来自设备D 308的允许发送消息316的形式的。
在D2D RACH段208期间,设备实现基于竞争的技术,以管理用于无线通信介质上多个传输的信道接入。类似于使用CSMA/CA技术,可通过使用用于忙碌信道的冲突避免技术来实施上述技术,所述冲突避免技术利用退避时间的生成。当退避时间期满,并且时间在D2D RACH段208内保持时,发送设备可向接收设备发送请求发送消息。如果接收设备成功地接收到上述请求发送消息,则该接收设备可通过允许发送消息来响应。
该允许发送响应消息与IEEE 802.11或其他无线网络标准中所使用的现有的CSMA/CA机制是可区别的,因为在该响应消息中包括了明确的传输或调度时间。可在允许发送消息中指明传输时间(表示为发送时间),以便使发送设备知晓何时打开其发送机来发送分组(例如,在D2D SCH段210期间利用设备A的数据传输318来发送分组)。此外,可使用该允许发送消息来通知网络中的其他收听/接收设备,经调度的信道是否将被通信设备使用。
当竞争机制指示先前对竞争信道的使用现在被终止(如,在D2D RACH信道208中,用于设备C 306的退避时间期满,并且该信道被检测为是可用的)时,设备C 306可以向设备D 316发送请求发送消息314。在该消息中指明发送时间指示。如果设备D 308成功地接收到该请求发送消息,则设备D 308将通过带有传输时间指示的允许发送消息316来响应,以向设备C 306和其他收听设备(如设备A 302、设备B 304)通知用于设备C的数据传输320的发送时间。
请求发送/允许发送消息分组的尺寸可配置成小尺寸以保存带宽和资源。请求发送/允许发送消息可配置成仅提供关于保留多少时间(在请求发送分组中)和什么时间被保留(在允许发送响应分组中)的简单指示。发送和接收设备的邻近设备也能够观察请求发送/允许发送分组以了解调度和特定的时间保留。相比之下,使用在IEEE 802.11标准网络中的请求发送/允许发送分组,在允许发送消息分组内就没有关于调度或时序的此类信息。相反,IEEE 802.11标准网络中的允许发送消息被用于调用数据的即刻传输,而不是在单独的时间窗口中的数据的经调度的传输。
这样,请求发送/允许发送分组在D2D RACH段208中被交换,并且在D2D SCH段210中建立了用于无线信道上的实际数据传输的调度。这使活跃的设备和观察设备能够知晓准确的传输时间并且跟踪信道使用。在D2DSCH段210的持续时间期间,只有涉及D2D RACH段208中的发送和接收的经成功调度的设备才需要在经调度的时间被供电并变得活跃。例如,当设备A 302和设备B 304利用数据通信318进行发送和接收时,设备C 306和设备D 308可进入或保持睡眠/节能模式以使功耗最小化。同样,在设备C 306和设备D 308利用数据传输320进行通信期间,设备A 302和设备B304也可进入或保持睡眠/节能模式。
图4示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的用于D2D通信的操作流程400,该D2D通信包括在两个设备(设备A 302和设备B 304)之间的随机接入竞争和经调度的通信。在D2D RACH段208期间,设备A 302和设备B 304都配置成用于收听无线通信介质以获取任何信令。
设备A 302使用竞争接入技术来获取对D2D RACH段208的接入。如所说明的那样,这可以包括CSMA/CA型的退避技术,其包括获取退避时间(操作402),并且等待该退避时间期满(操作404)。设备A 302向设备B 304发送请求发送(RTS)消息(操作406),重复该RTS消息直到经确认为止(操作408)为止或直到超过指定数量的尝试(除非D2D RACH段208已被终止)。
设备B 304通过发送允许发送消息来响应(操作412),指示所指定的发送时间(操作410),该指定的发送时间关于设备A何时能够开始发送数据传输的数据分组。在D2D RACH段208终止和D2D SCH段210开始时,设备A 302和设备B 304可进入睡眠模式,直到各自所指定的发送时间(操作414)和所指定的接收时间(操作416)为止。在发送时间(操作418)和接收时间(操作420),可在无线介质上将数据从设备A 302发送到设备B 304。
可以通过从D2D SCH段210的开始起的偏移时间t1来指示发送时间(在操作410中被指定)。可用载波网络的某些解析的时间单元来定义偏移时间t1,如时隙数量。(类似地,当诸如图3所示的设备D 308之类的其他设备发送允许发送响应时,该允许发送响应消息能以从D2D SCH段210的开始起的偏移时间t2来指示图3所示的设备C 306何时能够开始发送数据分组)。
可以显式地或隐式地设置D2D RACH段208和D2D SCH段210之间的边界。重申一下,相对于用于经调度的传输的竞争,用于实际经调度的传输的时间量可被固定或调节。对于显式的定义,该边界可由eNodeB和其他网络实体来定义,或者可根据为D2D通信所预定义的规则来设置。
对于隐式的定义,可通过D2D设备在每帧中调节该边界(例如,在每个D2D RACH段208期间,或者对于多个帧,使用一个对N个帧有效的调度)。可基于为所有设备所知的成功的信道保留来调节边界。最后发出请求发送消息的设备能够计算D2D RACH段208的持续时间加上D2D SCH段210的持续时间(包括未完成的请求一起)是否可能超过D2D区206。如果答案是否定的(意味着D2D区206中有足够的剩余时间来实施请求和数据传输),则发送设备可发送请求发送消息。这样,在接收到从D2D RACH段208中最后的设备所发送的允许发送消息之后,可自动地设置D2D RACH段208和D2D SCH段210的边界。
在提供请求发送消息或对该请求发送消息的响应(允许发送消息)之前,设备可执行计算,以确保所有经调度的数据传输的持续时间不会超过D2D区的边界。如果总的传输会超过D2D区的边界,则发送被拆分,或发送可被重新调度到其他D2D区。D2D设备可知晓或被通知可用的D2D区资源的尺寸(持续时间)(如,存在多少用于D2D通信的时隙)。这样,D2D设备或UE可使用分布式技术由其自身来决定共享信道的调度。
图5示出根据一些实施例所述的流程图500,用于使用竞争过程来调度D2D通信的设备。如操作502中所示,发送无线通信的设备具有待通过D2D通信发送的数据。在决定504中,确定用于D2D通信的竞争段(如,窗口)是否正在进行。如果不是,则延迟数据传输,直到下一个用于D2D通信的竞争段为止(操作510)。
如果(决定504的)结果是用于D2D通信的竞争段正在进行,则确定无线信道是否空闲(决定506)。如果信道不是空闲的,则数据传输被延迟至少退避时段(操作508)如果信道是空闲的,则设备可继续发送对经调度的数据资源的请求(操作512)以及上述待发送数据的尺寸或其他属性的规范(操作514)。然后确定发送无线通信的设备是否在时间段内接收到了允许发送确认和发送时间(决定516)。如果在时间段内没有接收到允许发送确认,则确定发送请求的次数是否超过了最多尝试次数(决定518)。如果没有超过最多尝试次数,则重复竞争过程(决定504);如果超过了最多尝试次数,则D2D通信被延迟,直到下一个竞争段(操作510)为止。然而,如果允许发送确认和发送时间被成功地接收,则数据发送可以在所指定的发送时间期间发生(操作520)。
图6A示出根据进一步描述的示例所述的示例方法的流程图600,该示例方法用于对来自具有一系列时间窗口的发送设备的D2D数据发送的D2D信道接入进行控制。如操作602中所描绘的那样,发送设备在D2D时频区的资源竞争窗口期间发送请求消息。基于退避计数器、对竞争信道使用的检测、随机化的接入时间、等待时段或其他冲突避免机制,该请求消息的传输可能被延迟。
在操作604中,仍然在资源竞争窗口期间,发送设备接收对源于接收设备的请求消息的响应。该响应包括所指定的用于在D2D时频区的经调度的窗口期间使用的通信时间。
在操作606中,在D2D时频区的经调度的窗口期间,会在所指定的通信时间发送数据。可在该D2D时频区内(或在其他D2D时频区中)采用各种调度和重新调度机制,以在数据传输失败或中断时,或者在缺少确认时,重新发送数据。然后,在成功接收时,由接收设备处理数据传输。
图6B示出根据进一步所描述的示例所述的示例方法的流程图610,该示例方法用于对接收设备处的D2D数据接收的D2D信道接入进行控制。如操作612中所描绘的那样,接收设备在D2D时频区的资源条件窗口期间接收请求消息。请求消息的接收可指示所请求的数据传输的尺寸以及布置调度所需的其他通信参数。
在操作614中,仍然在资源竞争窗口期间,接收设备发送对请求消息的响应,用于由发送设备接收。该响应包括所指定的用于在D2D时频区的经调度的窗口期间使用的通信时间。
在操作616中,在D2D时频区的经调度的窗口期间,会在所指定的通信时间的开始时,接收到来自发送设备的数据。在成功接收时,可由接收设备进一步处理数据传输,并且可响应于数据的接收,发送确认。
本文所描述的技术和配置可被延伸至在其他配置中进行操作。例如,可结合涉及在多个设备上的连接(如,涉及多个跳(hop)的连接)的对等或点对点网络来使用上述技术。也可以结合定义响应消息格式、时序和条件的标准化协议来使用上述技术。这样,当前所描述的竞争和调度技术的实现方案不限于利用3GPP标准的实现方案,也延伸至根据IEEE 802.11标准、IEEE 802.16标准等的设备对设备、对等的、点对点、机器对机器和分布式网络等。
本技术的功能可被结合进计算系统(包括移动设备)的组件或模块、无线网络适配器、无线收发机控制、用于此类系统和设备的电路中,并且可被结合进硬件和软件实现中。此外,本文所描述的各种方法或技术,或者功能的某些方面或部分可采用被具体化在有形介质中的程序代码(即指令)的形式,有形介质诸如是闪存、CD、DVD-ROM、硬驱动器、便携式存储设备或任何其他机器可读存储介质,其中当程序代码被加载进机器(如计算机)并由机器执行时,该机器成为用于实施各技术的装置。在程序代码在可编程计算机上执行的情况下,该计算设备可包括处理器、处理器可读的存储介质(包括易失性和非易失性存储器和/或存储元件)、至少一个输入设备、以及至少一个输出设备。可实现或利用本文所描述的各种技术的一个或更多程序可使用应用编程接口(API)、可重用控件等。此类程序可实现在高级程序化编程语言或面向对象的编程语言中,以与计算机系统通信。然而,如果需要,程序可实现在汇编语言或机器语言中。在任何情况下,语言可以是经编译或经解释的语言,并与硬件实现相结合。
图7提供移动设备700的示例图示,移动设备700诸如是UE、移动站点(MS)、移动无线设备、移动通信设备、平板、手持设备或其他类型的移动无线设备。移动设备700可包括在壳体702之内的一根或多根天线708,天线708配置成用于与基站(BS)、eNodeB或其他类型的无线广域网(WWAN)接入点进行通信。移动设备700可配置成使用至少一种无线通信标准进行通信,无线通信标准包括3GPP LTE、WiMAX、高速分组接入(HSPA)、蓝牙(术语“蓝牙”在本文中是指近程数字通信协议,包括在2.4GHz频谱中操作的短距离无线协议跳频扩频谱(FHSS)通信技术)和Wi-Fi。移动设备700可以针对每个无线通信标准使用分开的天线进行通信,或针对多个无线通信标准使用共享的天线进行通信。移动设备700可以在无线局域网(WLAN)、无线个域网(WPAN)和/或WWAN中进行通信。
图7也提供了话筒720以及一个或更多扬声器712的图示,其可用于移动设备700的音频输入和输出。显示屏704可以是液晶显示(LCD)屏,或其他类型的显示屏,如有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器。显示屏704可被配置成触屏。触屏可使用电容、电阻或另一类型的触屏技术。应用处理器714和图形处理器718可耦合到内部存储器716,以提供处理和显示能力。非易失性存储器端口710也可用于向用户提供数据输入/输出选项。非易失性存储器端口710也可用于扩展移动设备700的存储器能力。键盘706可以与移动设备700集成在一起或无线地连接到移动设备700,以提供附加的用户输入。也可使用触屏来提供虚拟键盘。
图8是示出示例计算机系统机器的框图,本文所讨论的任何一种或更多方法可在该示例计算机系统机器上运行。计算机系统800可以被具体化为计算设备104、移动设备106、移动设备700(来自图1和图7)或本文所讨论或所参考的任何其他计算平台。在替代实施例中,该机器作为独立设备进行操作,或可以被连接(如,联网)到其他机器。在被联网的部署中,该机器可在服务器-客户机网络环境中作为服务器或客户机来进行操作,或者可在对等(或分布式)网络环境中担当对等机。该机器可以是便携式或非便携式个人计算机(PC)(如,笔记本或上网本)、平板、机顶盒(STB)、游戏控制台、个人数字助理(PDA)、移动电话或智能电话、网络设备、网络路由器、交换机或桥、或者是能够执行指令(顺序的或其他形式的)的任何机器,上述指令指明待由该机器执行的动作。此外,虽然只示出单个机器,但是,术语“机器”也应当包括单独或联合地执行一组(或多组)指令以执行本文所讨论的任何一种或更多种方法的机器的任意集合。
示例计算机系统800包括处理器802(如,中央处理单元(CPU))和/或图形处理单元(GPU))、主存储器804及静态存储器806,上述各组件均通过互联808(如,链路、总线等)彼此进行通信。计算机系统800可进一步包括视频显示单元810、字母数字输入设备812(如,键盘)和用户界面(UI)导航设备814(如,鼠标)。在一个实施例中,该视频显示单元810、输入设备812和UI导航设备814是触屏显示器。计算机系统800可附加地包括存储设备816(如,驱动单元)、信号生成设备818(如,扬声器)、输出控制器832、功率管理控制器834、网络接口设备820(其可包括一根或多根天线830、收发机或其他无线通信硬件,或者可与所述一根或多根天线830、收发机或其他无线通信硬件操作地进行通信)以及一个或更多传感器828(例如,全球定位系统(GPS)传感器、指南针、位置传感器、加速度计或其他传感器)。
存储设备816包括机器可读介质822,该机器可读介质822上储存有一组或更多组数据结构和指令824(如,软件),该一组或更多组数据结构和指令824具体化本文所描述的任何一种或多种方法或功能,或为该任何一种或多种方法或功能所用。在计算机系统800执行指令824期间,该指令824也可完全地或至少部分地驻留在主存储器804、静态存储器806和/或处理器802之内,所述主存储器804、静态存储器806和处理器802也构成机器可读介质。
虽然机器可读介质822在示例实施例中示出为单个介质,但术语“机器可读介质”可包括存储一条或多条指令824的单个或多个介质(如,集中式或分布式数据库和/或相关联的缓存及服务器)。术语“机器可读介质”也应当包括任何有形介质,该有形介质能够存储、编码或携带由机器执行的指令并且所述指令使机器执行本公开的任何一种或多种方法;或者该有形介质对为此类指令所用或与此类指令相关联的数据结构进行存储、编码和携带。术语“机器可读介质”应当相应地包括,但不限于:固态存储器以及光和磁介质。机器可读介质的具体示例包括非易失性存储器,通过示例方式举例,其包括:半导体存储器设备(如,电可编程只读存储器(EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM))和闪存设备;诸如内部硬盘及可移动盘之类的磁盘;磁光盘;以及CD-ROM和DVD-ROM盘。
可使用传输介质,通过网络接口设备820,利用若干熟知的传输协议(如,HTTP)中的任意一种协议,进一步在通信网络826上发送或接收指令824。通信网络的示例包括:LAN、WAN、因特网、移动电话网络、普通老式电话(POTS)网络和无线数据网络(如,Wi-Fi、3G和4G LTE/LTE-A或WiMAX网络)。术语“传输介质”应当包括能够存储、编码或携带由机器执行的指令的任何无形的介质,并且包括数字或模拟通信信号或者用于促进此类软件的通信的其他无形的介质。
其他适用的网络配置可被包括在当前所描述的通信网络的范围之内。虽然参考局域无线网络配置和广域因特网网络连接提供了示例,但是将会理解,也可使用任何数量的PAN、LAN和WAN,使用有线或无线传输介质的任何组合来促进通信。
上述实施例可被实现在硬件、固件和软件中的一个或被实现在其组合中。实施例也可实现成存储于计算机可读存储设备上的指令,该指令可由至少一个处理器读取并执行,以执行本文所描述的操作。计算机可读存储设备可包括用于以机器(如,计算机)可读形式存储信息的任何非暂态机构。例如,计算机可读存储设备可包括只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)、磁盘存储介质、光存储介质、闪存设备以及其他存储设备和介质。
应当理解,在本说明书中所描述的功能单元或能力可被称为或标记为组件或模块,从而特别强调其实施的独立性。例如,组件或模块可以被实现成硬件电路,该硬件电路包括定制的超大规模集成(VLSI)电路或门阵列、诸如逻辑芯片晶体管之类的现成的半导体器件,或其他分离组件。组件或模块也可被实现在可编程硬件设备中,如现场可编程门阵列、可编程阵列逻辑、可编程逻辑器件等。组件或模块也可被实现在由各种类型的处理器所执行的软件中。可执行代码的所标识的组件或模块可以例如包括计算机指令的一个或多个物理或逻辑块,其可被组织成例如对象、过程、或函数。然而,所标识的组件或模块的可执行码不必在物理上在一起,而是可包括存储在不同位置处的不同指令,当这些指令在逻辑上结合在一起时,构成组件或模块,并且为该组件或模块实现所声称的目的。
实际上,可执行代码的组件或模块可以是单条指令或许多指令,并且甚至可以分布在若干不同的代码段上,分布在不同的程序之间以及横跨若干存储器设备分布。类似地,操作数据在此可被标识并示出在组件或模块内,并且能以任何合适的形式被具体化以及可以被组织在在任何合适类型的数据结构内。操作数据可作为单个数据集被收集,或者可被分布不同的位置上(包括在不同存储设备上),并且可以至少部分地仅作为系统或网络上的电子信号存在。组件或模块可以是无源或有源的,包括用于执行所需功能的代理。
当前所描述的方法、系统和设备实施例的附加示例包括下列非限制性的配置。下列非限制性示例中的每一个示例可以独立存在,或可以与以下所提供的或遍及本公开的其他示例中的一个或更多示例按照任何排列或组合进行结合。
示例1包括通过无线通信设备(如UE)得以具体化的主题,其包括处理电路,所述处理电路布置成用于使用3GPP长期演进(LTE)或长期演进-高级型(LTE-A)网络连接与演进型节点B(eNodeB)进行通信,并且用于使用直接网络连接促进与接收UE进行的设备对设备通信,所述促进与接收UE进行的设备对设备通信是通过执行下列操作:在资源竞争窗口期间,向接收UE发送请求消息,所述资源竞争窗口是使用竞争信道接入技术在无线信道中为调度设备对设备通信而分配的,所述请求消息指示数据传输的尺寸;接收来自所述接收UE的对所述请求消息的响应,所述响应确认所述请求消息,并且为所述数据传输指定传输时间,所述所指定的传输时间发生在为实施所述设备对设备通信所分配的经调度的传输窗口之内;以及在为实施所述设备对设备通信所分配的经调度的传输窗口期间,在所述所指定的传输时间,在所述无线信道上,执行与所述接收UE进行的所述数据传输。
在示例2中,示例1所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述处理电路被进一步布置成用于行下列操作:从所述经调度的传输窗口的开始时开始直到所述所指定的传输时间为止,在无线通信设备处维持低功率模式。
在示例3中,示例1-2中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述处理电路进一步布置成用于执行下列操作:在所述资源竞争窗口期间,执行竞争信道接入技术以获取对所述无线信道的接入,所述竞争信道接入技术包括,在所述资源竞争窗口期间,获取用于竞争的退避时间,并且包括在所述资源竞争窗口期间发送所述请求消息之前,等待所述退避时间期满。
在示例4中,示例1-3中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述处理电路进一步布置成用于执行下列操作:响应于在时间段之内所述接收设备未确认所述请求消息,在所述资源竞争窗口期间重新发送所述请求消息。
在示例5中,示例1-4中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口被分配在用于载波网络中所定义的上行链路时段的子帧中。
在示例6中,示例1-5中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述上行链路时段是根据从LTE或LTE-A标准族中所提供的标准,在所述载波网络中所定义的。
在示例7中,示例1-6中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口是根据来自IEEE 802.11标准族中的标准,为设备之间的对等通信所分配的,或者是根据来自IEEE 802.16标准族中的标准,为设备之间的机器对机器通信所分配的。
在示例8中,示例1-7中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口发生在无线信道中的为所述设备对设备通信所分配的区中,其中,相对于所述经调度的传输窗口的所述资源竞争窗口的尺寸被配置成:基于在所述资源竞争窗口期间所请求的一个或更多个数据传输的特性而发生改变。
示例9可以包括,或者可以可选地与示例1-8所述的任意一项或任意组合的主题的全部或部分相组合以包括由双重模式用户装备(UE)执行的用于促进与接收无线通信的设备进行的设备对设备的通信的方法,所述双重模式UE配置成除了用于所述设备对设备通信之外,还用于与基于载波的网络进行的通信,所述方法包括:在无线信道中的为调度设备对设备通信所分配的资源竞争窗口之内,使用竞争信道接入技术接入无线信道,所述资源竞争窗口发生在基于载波的网络所指示的设备对设备通信时段期间;在所述资源竞争窗口之内,向接收通信设备发送请求消息,以获取用于设备对设备数据传输的所指定的传输时间;以及在所述无线信道中的为执行所述设备对设备通信所分配的经调度的传输窗口之内,在所述所指定的传输时间,实施从发送通信设备到接收通信设备的设备对设备数据传输,所述经调度的传输窗口发生在所述基于载波的网络所指示的设备对设备通信时段期间。
在示例10中,示例9所述的主题可以可选地包括:在所述经调度的传输窗口之内实施睡眠模式;并且在所述经调度的传输窗口之内中断所述睡眠模式以实施所述设备对设备数据传输。
在示例11中,示例9-10中的一项或任意组合的主题可以可选地包括:所述竞争接入技术包括,在所述资源竞争窗口之内,获取用于竞争的退避时间,并且包括在所述资源竞争窗口之内发送所述请求消息之前,等待所述退避时间期满。
在示例12中,示例9-11中的一项或任意组合的主题可以可选地包括:所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口被分配在用于为载波网络所定义的经调度的上行链路时段的的一个或更多子帧中,其中,所述经调度的上行链路时段是载波网络根据从3GPP长期演进(LTE)或长期演进-高级型(LTE-A)标准族中所提供的标准来进行操作而建立的上行链路时段。
示例13可以包括,或者可以可选地与示例1-12所述的任意一项或任意组合的主题的全部或部分相组合以包括用户装备(UE),所述用户装备(UE)包括:收发机,包括电路,所述电路包括物理层电路和介质访问控制层电路,所述电路布置成用于建立无线通信介质中的设备对设备信道接入,所述建立无线通信介质中的设备对设备信道接入是通过执行下列操作:在资源竞争窗口期间接收来自发送设备的请求消息,以实施数据传输,所述资源竞争窗口是为无线设备对设备通信所分配的,所述请求消息指示数据传输的尺寸,并且使用基于竞争的技术,在所述无线通信介质上,从所述发射设备发送所述请求消息;发送对所述请求消息的响应,所述响应确认所述请求消息,并且为所述数据传输指定时间,所述传输时间发生在为所述无线设备对设备通信所分配的经调度的传输窗口之内;以及在为所述无线设备对设备通信所分配的所述经调度的传输窗口期间,在所述所指定的时间,通过所述无线通信介质,接收来自所述发送设备的所述数据传输;其中,所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口是根据由受演进型节点B(eNodeB)控制的网络所指定的时序为所述无线设备对设备通信所分配的。
在示例14中,示例13所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述电路进一步布置成用于执行下列操作:从所述经调度的传输窗口的开始时开始直到所述所指定的时间为止,从所述发送设备维持低功率模式。
在示例15中,示例13-14中的一项或任意组合的主题可以可选地包括:所述电路进一步布置成用于执行下列操作:在所述资源竞争窗口期间,获取用于竞争的退避时间,并且在发送对所述请求消息的响应之前,等待所述退避时间期满,其中,在所述资源竞争窗口期间发送对所述请求消息的所述响应。
在示例16中,示例13-15中的一项或任意组合的主题可以可选地包括:所述电路进一步布置成用于执行下列操作:响应于所述数据传输,提供对从所述发送设备接收的数据的确认。
在示例17中,示例13-16中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口被分配在用于经调度的上行链路时段的时隙中,所述经调度的上行链路时段是为eNodeB所提供的载波网络所定义的。
在示例18中,示例13-17中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述经调度的上行链路时段是根据从3GPP长期演进(LTE)或长期演进-高级型(LTE-A)标准族中所提供的标准所定义的上行链路时段。
示例19可以包括,或者可以可选地与示例1-18所述的任意一项或任意组合的主题的全部或部分相组合以包括用于促进与发送设备进行的设备对设备通信,上述方法包括:在资源竞争窗口期间处理请求消息以实施数据传输,并且获取用于所述数据传输的传输时间,所述请求消息指示所述数据传输的尺寸,并且使用用于接入无线介质的竞争信道接入技术,在无线介质上,从所述发送设备发送所述请求消息;发送对所述请求消息的响应,所述响应确认所述请求消息,并且为所述数据传输指定传输时间,所述传输时间被指定在经调度的传输窗口之内;以及对在所述经调度的传输窗口之内在所述所指定的通信时间所接收的来自所述无线信道上的发送设备的所述数据传输进行处理;其中,所述经调度的传输窗口和所述资源竞争窗口由演进型节点B(eNodeB)为执行所述无线介质上的无线设备对设备通信而指定。
在示例20中,示例19所述的主题可以可选地包括:在所述经调度的传输窗口期间实施睡眠模式;并且在所述经调度的传输窗口期间中断所述睡眠模式,以实施所述数据传输。
在示例21中,示例19-20中的一项或任意组合的主题可以可选地包括:结合所述竞争信道接入技术,通过所述无线介质,发送对所述请求消息的所述响应,其中,所述竞争信道接入技术包括:在所述资源竞争窗口期间,获取用于竞争的退避时间,以及在所述资源竞争窗口期间发送对所述请求消息的所述响应之前,等待所述退避时间期满。
在示例22中,示例19-21中任意一项或任意组合所述的主题可以可选地包括:所述资源竞争窗口和所述经调度的传输窗口是为经调度的上行链路时段所分配的,所述上行链路时段是为根据从3GPP长期演进(LTE)或长期演进-高级型(LTE-A)标准族中所提供的标准进行操作的网络所定义的。
提供摘要以使读者弄清技术公开的本质和主旨。应当理解,该摘要将不用于限制或解释权利要求的范围或含义。所附的权利要求由此被包括到具体实施方式中,每一项权利要求本身作为单独的实施例。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于用户装备(UE)的设备,所述设备包括存储器和处理电路,所述处理电路用于:
对上行链路/下行链路(UL/DL)配置信息进行解码,所述上行链路/下行链路(UL/DL)配置信息指示通信帧的哪些子帧被配置用于UL传输;
对资源配置信息进行解码,所述资源配置信息将被配置用于UL传输的子帧的一部分分配给侧链路子帧以用于邻近服务(ProSe)直接通信;
使用所述侧链路子帧发现第二UE;
在所述侧链路子帧中对信号编码以用于到所述第二UE的ProSe直接传输;以及
根据所述UL/DL配置信息在DL子帧中对来自服务单元的传输进行解码。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述侧链路子帧被包括于侧链路共享信道中。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于还包括收发机电路,且其中所述处理电路用于配置所述UE的收发机电路以制止在时间上与所述UE的UL传输重叠地发射侧链路信号。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述侧链路子帧被包括于侧链路控制信道中。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理电路用于对所述侧链路控制信道上的调度信息进行编码以调度ProSe直接传输。
6.如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述ProSe直接传输根据蓝牙标准族的一标准来实施。
7.如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述处理电路还用于:
对要在资源竞争窗口期间被发射至所述第二UE的请求发送(RTS)消息进行编码,所述RTS消息指示用于数据传输的大小;以及
解码对所述RTS消息的响应,所述响应包括指定用于数据传输的传输时间的允许发送(CTS)消息。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理电路还用于:
在资源竞争窗口期间执行竞争信道访问技术来获得对所述侧链路的访问,所述竞争信道访问技术包括:获得退避时间用于在所述资源竞争窗口期间的竞争、以及在所述资源竞争窗口期间发送所述请求消息之前等待所述退避时间到期。
9.一种存储指令的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,所述指令由用户装备(UE)的处理电路执行以配置所述UE执行操作,用于:
对上行链路/下行链路(UL/DL)配置信息进行解码,所述上行链路/下行链路(UL/DL)配置信息指示通信帧的哪些子帧被配置用于UL传输;
对资源配置信息进行解码,所述资源配置信息将被配置用于UL传输的子帧的一部分分配给侧链路子帧以用于邻近服务(ProSe)直接通信;
使用所述侧链路子帧发现第二UE;
在所述侧链路子帧中对信号编码以用于到所述第二UE的ProSe直接传输;以及
根据所述UL/DL配置信息在DL子帧中对来自服务单元的传输进行解码。
10.如权利要求9所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述侧链路子帧被包括于侧链路共享信道中。
11.如权利要求9所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述指令配置所述UE的收发机电路以制止在时间上与所述UE的UL传输重叠地发射侧链路信号。
12.如权利要求9所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述侧链路子帧包括侧链路控制信道。
13.如权利要求12所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述处理电路用于对所述侧链路控制信道上的调度信息进行编码以调度ProSe直接传输。
14.如权利要求9所述的非暂态计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述ProSe直接传输根据蓝牙标准族的一标准来实施。
15.一种用户装备(UE)的设备,包括:
处理电路;以及
收发机电路,用于:
接收上行链路/下行链路(UL/DL)配置信息,所述上行链路/下行链路(UL/DL)配置信息指示通信帧的哪些子帧被配置用于UL传输;
接收资源配置信息,所述资源配置信息将被配置用于UL传输的子帧的一部分分配给侧链路子帧以用于设备到设备(D2D)通信;
使用所述侧链路子帧发现第二UE;
在所述侧链路子帧中将用于所述D2D直接传输的信号发射至所述第二UE;以及
根据所述UL/DL配置信息在DL子帧中接收来自服务单元的传输。
16.如权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述收发机电路用于在所述侧链路子帧的共享信道上发射D2D数据。
17.如权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于还包括:两个或更多个天线。
18.如权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述侧链路子帧包括侧链路控制信道。
19.如权利要求18所述的设备,其特征在于,所述收发机电路用于在所述侧链路控制信道上发射调度信息以调度D2D直接传输。
20.如权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述ProSe直接传输根据蓝牙标准族的一标准来实施。
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