CN106018869A - Initial velocity measuring device for X-ray light screen - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an initial velocity measuring device for an X-ray light screen. The device comprises a front X-ray light screen, a rear X-ray light screen, a probe, a front X-ray processing circuit, a rear X-ray processing circuit, a front X-ray light screen velocity processing module, a rear X-ray light screen velocity processing module and an average velocity calculation module. The probe is arranged on a gun barrel; the front X-ray light screen and the rear X-ray light screen are arranged on a projectile firing line; the front X-ray light screen is connected with the front X-ray processing circuit; the front X-ray light screen velocity processing module is connected with the front X-ray processing circuit and the average velocity calculation module; the rear X-ray light screen is connected with the rear X-ray processing circuit; and the rear X-ray light screen velocity processing module is connected with the rear X-ray processing circuit and the average velocity calculation module. An effective target-passing signal of the projectile can be captured accurately in an aftereffect region of bouche firing; and an instantaneous velocity of the projectile flying past two front and rear light screen targets as well as an average velocity of the projectile passing through the centers of the two light screen targets can be calculated based on the effective target-passing signal obtained by measurement.

Description

A kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device

Technical field

The invention belongs to test and measuring field, be specifically related to a kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device.

Background technology

Muzzle velocity is one of important indicator parameter characterizing conventional Weapon, ammunition and ballistic characteristics.Shooting force During device and the scientific research of ammunition products, production and product testing, the detection of initial velocity parameter is all requisite. Currently used more speed-measuring method has two classes: the first kind is contact, although contact district cuts target reliable operation, Be easily achieved, but efficiency be low and affect projectile flight be the most disadvantageous shortcoming, it is impossible to in high precision, high request Measurement, therefore contact district cuts target and is progressively cut target by contactless district and replace.Equations of The Second Kind is contactless, But owing in emission process, gun muzzle can produce substantial amounts of gun muzzle cigarette and high light radiation, when magnetic artillery is launched, gun muzzle is also Can produce substantial amounts of plasma, this makes general coil target, optical target cannot normally work in bouche, Can only be positioned over outside the aftereffect district that bullet runs.

Bullet flies out after gun muzzle, acts on the muzzle velocity V recorded through aftereffect district₀Not bullet departs from gun muzzle wink Between practical flight speed, but assume bullet depart from gun muzzle after only by air drag and action of gravity condition Under, practical flight speed in aftereffect district outer trajectory section it is extrapolated to the speed of gun muzzle, owing to bullet is leaving gun muzzle After-burning air-flow still has certain acceleration in aftereffect district to bullet, so extrapolated initial velocity is inaccurate.Therefore, How Accurate Determining velocity of shot under strong gun muzzle cigarette flame disturbs, the most correctly provides muzzle energy to have weight Want meaning.Yang Bo discloses one in " X-ray intermittent ballistic instrument " (nuclear electron and Detection Techniques) and utilizes X Ray measures the test system of gun muzzle velocity of shot, utilizes district to cut the technical notes two-way X-ray light curtain target time Difference, thus calculate the average speed of projectile flight, but the method X-ray machine needs manually opened closedown, can make Equipment is opened for a long time, affects equipment life, the subsequent process circuit of signal can not good filtering interference signals, The average speed that bullet runs can only be measured.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device, be applied to bouche hearty flame And under the complex environment such as plasma, in the aftereffect district that bouche is launched, accurately catch the effective of bullet cross target letter Number, and the effective target signal of crossing obtained by measurement calculated bullet and flies over the instantaneous speed of former and later two light curtain targets Degree and bullet pass the average speed at two light curtain target centers.

The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device, including front X Light light curtain, rear X-ray light curtain, probe, front X-ray process circuit, rear X-ray processes circuit, front X-ray light curtain speed Degree processing module, rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module and average speed computing module, probe is arranged on gun barrel With, front X-ray light curtain and rear X-ray light curtain are set in parallel on bullet live wire, at front X-ray light curtain and front X-ray Reason circuit connects, and front X-ray light curtain velocity process module processes circuit with front X-ray respectively and average speed calculates mould Block connects, and rear X-ray light curtain processes circuit with rear X-ray and is connected, and rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module is respectively with rear X-ray processes circuit and average speed computing module connects.

Described front X-ray light curtain include front X-ray machine, front light curtain narrow slit stereotype, front X-ray receive circuit prober and Bracing frame, front X-ray machine is embedded in the narrow slit of front light curtain narrow slit stereotype, and front X-ray receives circuit prober and is fixed on On bracing frame, front light curtain narrow slit stereotype and bracing frame be arranged in parallel, and the X-ray light curtain that front X-ray machine sends is by front X Optical receiving circuit detector receives, and described X-ray light curtain is vertical with bullet live wire.

Described rear X-ray light curtain include rear X-ray machine, rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype, rear X-ray receive circuit prober and Bracing frame, rear X-ray machine is embedded in the narrow slit of rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype, and rear X-ray receives circuit prober and is fixed on On bracing frame, rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype and bracing frame be arranged in parallel, and the X-ray light curtain that rear X-ray machine sends is by rear X Optical receiving circuit detector receives, and described X-ray light curtain is vertical with bullet live wire.

Described front X-ray processes circuit and includes the front photoelectric switching circuit being sequentially connected with, front amplifying circuit and front shaping Circuit, rear X-ray processes circuit and includes the rear photoelectric switching circuit being sequentially connected with, rear amplifying circuit and rear shaping electricity Road, two X-rays receive circuit prober and receive faint light flux variations respectively by front photoelectric switching circuit It is translated into a faint curent change, through follow-up front amplifying circuit with rear photoelectric switching circuit circuit A digital signal that can use is exported for test system with rear amplifying circuit.

Described front X-ray light curtain velocity process module includes front PLL phase-locked loop module, the prepulse width being sequentially connected with Degree detection module, front counting and count compensation module and front instantaneous velocity computing module, prepulse width detection mould Block is connected with front amplifying circuit again, and front instantaneous velocity computing module is connected with average speed computing module.

Rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module includes rear PLL phase-locked loop module, the inspection of afterpulse width being sequentially connected with Surveying module, rear counting and count compensation module and rear instantaneous velocity computing module, afterpulse width detection module is again Being connected with rear amplifying circuit, rear instantaneous velocity computing module is connected with average speed computing module.

Pulse width detection module is used for differentiating to disturb signal and bullet to cross target signal, pulse width detection module institute Use clock by PLL phase-locked loop module by the reference clock frequency multiplication of FPGA is obtained, single by reducing The pulsewidth of pulse improves the judgement precision of pulse width detection module, calculates the pulse width of above-mentioned signal, root According to the difference of pulse width, distinguishing bullet signal, interference signal, computing formula is as follows:

$t=\frac{l+d}{v}---\left(1.1\right)$

In formula (1.1), l represents the length of object, and d represents the effective photosensitive diameter of X-ray detector, v table Showing the speed of object, t is pulse width.

Described instantaneous velocity computing module calculates bullet and flies over front X-ray light curtain and the instantaneous speed of rear X-ray light curtain Degree, formula is as follows:

$V_X=\frac{l+d}{N\×T}---\left(1.2\right)$

Wherein V_XBeing the bullet instantaneous velocity that passes light curtain, l represents the length of object, and d represents X-ray detection The effective photosensitive diameter of device, N is counted number of pulses, and T is the pulsewidth of individual pulse.

Described average speed computing module calculates bullet and flies over the average speed of former and later two X-ray curtains, and formula is such as Under:

$V_a=\frac{V_{X1}+V_{X2}}{2}---\left(1.3\right)$

Wherein, V_aIt is the average speed of projectile flight, V_X1It is the bullet instantaneous velocity that flies over front X-ray curtain target, V_X2 It it is the bullet instantaneous velocity that flies over rear X-ray curtain target.

Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention: (1) arranges probe at gun muzzle, is used for producing The triggering signal of front X-ray machine and rear X-ray machine, can make before and after's X-ray curtain automatically open up, so can reduce X The ray machine working time, increase the service life.

(2) in front X-ray machine and rear X-ray machine, use X-ray as light curtain light source, respectively by front light curtain X-ray is become narrow light curtain by narrow slit stereotype and rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype, at strong gun muzzle cigarette flame, a large amount of etc. The bouche of gas ions effectively catches bullet and crosses target signal.

(3) the X-ray detection used in front X-ray receives circuit prober and rear X-ray reception circuit prober The effective photosensitive length of device is known, and X-ray light curtain width is slightly larger than the length of detector, when instantaneous velocity calculates, Can replace according to the effective photosensitive length of front X-ray reception circuit prober and rear X-ray reception circuit prober Light curtain thickness, decreases the precise requirements to light curtain thickness.

(4) cross target signal and can detect mould in pulse width through X-ray photoelectric switching circuit, amplifying circuit two-way Block carries out signal processing, calculates the pulse width of two paths of signals, as desired to arrange the scope of pulse width, Thus leach interference signal, and calculate bullet respectively by front X-ray curtain and the instantaneous velocity of rear X-ray curtain.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention a kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device.

Fig. 2 is process circuit and the structural frames of processing module of the present invention a kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device Figure.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.

In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device, including front X-ray light curtain, rear X-ray light Curtain, probe 2, front X-ray process circuit 10, rear X-ray processes circuit 11, front X-ray light curtain velocity process mould Block 12, rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module 13 and average speed computing module 14, probe 2 is arranged on firearms On pipe shaft 1, front X-ray light curtain and rear X-ray light curtain are set in parallel on bullet live wire 9, and front X-ray light curtain is with front X-ray processes circuit 10 and connects, and front X-ray light curtain velocity process module 12 processes circuit 10 with front X-ray respectively Connecting with average speed computing module 14, rear X-ray light curtain processes circuit 11 with rear X-ray and is connected, rear X-ray light Curtain velocity process module 13 processes circuit 11 with rear X-ray respectively and average speed computing module 14 is connected.

Described front X-ray light curtain includes that front X-ray machine 3, front light curtain narrow slit stereotype 4, front X-ray receive circuit probe Device 5 and bracing frame, front X-ray machine 3 is embedded in the narrow slit of front light curtain narrow slit stereotype 4, and front X-ray receives circuit and visits Surveying device 5 to be fixed on bracing frame, front light curtain narrow slit stereotype 4 and bracing frame be arranged in parallel, and front X-ray machine 3 sends X-ray light curtain by front X-ray receive circuit prober 5 receive, described X-ray light curtain is vertical with bullet live wire 9.

Described rear X-ray light curtain includes that rear X-ray machine 6, rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype 7, rear X-ray receive circuit probe Device 8 and bracing frame, rear X-ray machine 6 is embedded in the narrow slit of rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype 7, and rear X-ray receives circuit and visits Surveying device 8 to be fixed on bracing frame, rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype 7 and bracing frame be arranged in parallel, and rear X-ray machine 6 sends X-ray light curtain by rear X-ray receive circuit prober 8 receive, described X-ray light curtain is vertical with bullet live wire 9.

Probe 2 is used for detecting pellet injection signal, and this signal is used for starting front X-ray machine 3 and rear X-ray machine 6, Front X-ray machine 3 and rear X-ray machine 6 start a period of time and can be automatically switched off, and enough bullets are through two during this period of time X-ray light curtain.Front X-ray receives circuit prober 5 and rear X-ray and receives circuit prober 8 and will capture respectively Bullet cross the corresponding incoming front X-ray of target signal process circuit 10 and rear X-ray process circuit 11 is carried out opto-electronic conversion, Filtering, amplification and shaping, in front X-ray light curtain velocity process module 12 and rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module Signal previous step handled well in 13 carries out anti-interference process, calculates bullet respectively by two X-ray light The instantaneous velocity of curtain target, calculates the average speed of projectile flight in average speed computing module 14.

Front X-ray processes front photoelectric switching circuit 19, front amplifying circuit 21 and that circuit 10 includes being sequentially connected with Front shaping circuit 23, rear X-ray processes circuit 11 and includes the rear photoelectric switching circuit 20 being sequentially connected with, amplifies afterwards Circuit 22 and rear shaping circuit 24, X-ray can penetrate strong gun muzzle cigarette flame of gun muzzle generation effectively with big Amount plasma, but but can not completely penetrate through bullet itself, two X-rays receive circuit prober and receive micro- Weak light flux variations is converted by front photoelectric switching circuit 19 and rear photoelectric switching circuit 20 circuit respectively Be a faint curent change, through follow-up front amplifying circuit 21 and after amplifying circuit 22 export one can The digital signal used for test system.

Front X-ray light curtain velocity process module 12 includes front PLL phase-locked loop module 25, the prepulse being sequentially connected with Width detection module 27, front counting and count compensation module 29 and front instantaneous velocity computing module 31, prepulse Width detection module 27 is connected with front amplifying circuit 21 again, front instantaneous velocity computing module 31 and average speed Computing module 14 connects.Rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module 13 includes the rear PLL phaselocked loop mould being sequentially connected with Block 26, afterpulse width detection module 28, rear counting calculate mould with count compensation module 30 and rear instantaneous velocity Block 32, afterpulse width detection module 28 is connected with rear amplifying circuit 22 again, rear instantaneous velocity computing module 32 are connected with average speed computing module 14.

In pulse width detection module (prepulse width detection module 27 and afterpulse width detection module 28) Middle carrying out step-by-step counting and count compensation respectively, step-by-step counting is the bullet captured to be crossed target signal comprised Pulse clock number calculates, and can lose a part of pulse signal and carry out Edge check and come school in pulse counting process Tested the stable arrival of target signal rising edge, after this by being programmed into horizontal pulse count compensation, by supplementary damage The pulse lost.

Pulse width detection module (27,28) can differentiate to disturb signal and bullet to cross target signal, pulse width The clock reference that detection module is used is obtained by PLL phase-locked loop module frequency multiplication, improves pulse width detection with this Judgement precision, the pulse width of these signals can be calculated, according to the difference of pulse width, so that it may To distinguish bullet signal, interference signal, according to computing formula 1.1:

$t=\frac{l+d}{v}---\left(1.1\right)$

In formula (1.1), l represents the length of object, and d represents the effective photosensitive diameter of X-ray detector, v table Showing the speed of object, t is pulse width.

Assume the effective photosensitive diameter d=8mm of X-ray detector, length l=50mm of bullet, bullet Full-flight velocity v=2000m/s, then bullet through the narrow pulse width t of light curtain generation is:

$t=\frac{(8+50)\×{10}^{-3}}{2000}\×{10}^6\mathrm{\μ}s=29\mathrm{\μ}s$

Assume the effective photosensitive diameter d=8mm of X-ray detector, the extreme length l=50mm of bullet, bullet The slowest flight speed v=800m/s, then the t of broad pulse width that bullet produces through light curtain is:

$t=\frac{(8+50)\×{10}^{-3}}{800}\×{10}^6\mathrm{\μ}s=72.5\mathrm{\μ}s$

Can be obtained by above-mentioned analysis, bullet through light curtain produce pulse signal width the narrowest be 29 μ s, the most a width of 72.5 μ s, it is known that the pulse width recorded is only between 29 μ s～72.5 μ s effectively crosses target signal, the method Can effectively filtering interference signals produce interference, such as signal output pulse width not between default numerical value then will It filters, and in actual experiment, can arrange different pulse width range according to different bullets and detect. Pulse signal width needs detector response time precision at Microsecond grade, and the present invention uses device to need have input The feature that impedance is high, switching rate is fast, unity gain bandwidth is long-pending greatly, noise is little, meets and believes for High-velocity Projectiles Number response.

To through pulse width detection module (prepulse width detection module 27 and afterpulse width detection module 28) two paths of signals carries out step-by-step counting and count compensation respectively in counting and count compensation module,.According to Computing formula (1.2), calculates X-ray light curtain and rear X-ray light before bullet flies in instantaneous velocity computing module The instantaneous velocity of curtain.

$V_X=\frac{l+d}{N\×T}---\left(1.2\right)$

In formula (1.2), V_XBeing the bullet instantaneous velocity that passes light curtain, l represents the length of object, and d represents X The effective photosensitive diameter of ray detector, N is counted number of pulses, and T is the pulsewidth of individual pulse.

In average speed computing module 14, calculate bullet finally according to average speed computing formula (1.3) to fly Cross the average speed of former and later two X-ray curtains.

$V_a=\frac{V_{X1}+V_{X2}}{2}---\left(1.3\right)$

In formula (1.3), V_aIt is the average speed of projectile flight, V_X1It is that bullet flies over front X-ray light curtain Instantaneous velocity, V_X2It it is the bullet instantaneous velocity that flies over rear X-ray light curtain.

Claims (7)

1. an X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device, it is characterised in that: include front X-ray light curtain, rear X-ray light Curtain, probe (2), front X-ray process circuit (10), rear X-ray processes circuit (11), front X-ray light curtain speed Processing module (12), rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module (13) and average speed computing module (14), visit Pin (2) is arranged on firearms pipe shaft (1), and front X-ray light curtain and rear X-ray light curtain are set in parallel in bullet live wire (9), on, front X-ray light curtain processes circuit (10) with front X-ray and is connected, front X-ray light curtain velocity process module (12) process circuit (10) with front X-ray respectively and average speed computing module (14) is connected, rear X-ray light Curtain with rear X-ray process circuit (11) be connected, rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module (13) respectively with rear X Optical processing circuit (11) and average speed computing module (14) connect.

X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described front X Light light curtain includes that front X-ray machine (3), front light curtain narrow slit stereotype (4), front X-ray receive circuit prober (5) And bracing frame, front X-ray machine (3) is embedded in the narrow slit of front light curtain narrow slit stereotype (4), and front X-ray receives circuit Detector (5) is fixed on bracing frame, and front light curtain narrow slit stereotype (4) and bracing frame be arranged in parallel, front X The X-ray light curtain that ray machine (3) sends by front X-ray receive circuit prober (5) receive, described X-ray light curtain with Bullet live wire (9) is vertical.

X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rear X Light light curtain includes that rear X-ray machine (6), rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype (7), rear X-ray receive circuit prober (8) And bracing frame, rear X-ray machine (6) is embedded in the narrow slit of rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype (7), and rear X-ray receives circuit Detector (8) is fixed on bracing frame, and rear light curtain narrow slit stereotype (7) and bracing frame be arranged in parallel, rear X The X-ray light curtain that ray machine (6) sends by rear X-ray receive circuit prober (8) receive, described X-ray light curtain with Bullet live wire (9) is vertical.

X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described front X Optical processing circuit (10) include the front photoelectric switching circuit (19) being sequentially connected with, front amplifying circuit (21) and Front shaping circuit (23), rear X-ray process rear photoelectric switching circuit (20) that circuit (11) includes being sequentially connected with, Rear amplifying circuit (22) and rear shaping circuit (24), two X-rays receive circuit prober and receive faint Light flux variations passes through front photoelectric switching circuit (19) and rear photoelectric switching circuit (20) circuit respectively by its turn Turn to a faint curent change, through follow-up front amplifying circuit (21) and after amplifying circuit (22) defeated Go out a digital signal that can use for test system.

X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described front X Light light curtain velocity process module (12) includes front PLL phase-locked loop module (25), the prepulse width being sequentially connected with Degree detection module (27), front counting and count compensation module (29) and front instantaneous velocity computing module (31), Prepulse width detection module (27) is connected with front amplifying circuit (21) again, front instantaneous velocity computing module (31) It is connected with average speed computing module (14)；

Rear PLL phase-locked loop module (26) that rear X-ray light curtain velocity process module (13) includes being sequentially connected with, Afterpulse width detection module (28), rear counting calculate mould with count compensation module (30) and rear instantaneous velocity Block (32), afterpulse width detection module (28) is connected with rear amplifying circuit (22) again, rear instantaneous velocity Computing module (32) is connected with average speed computing module (14)；

Pulse width detection module is used for differentiating to disturb signal and bullet to cross target signal, pulse width detection module institute The clock reference used is obtained by PLL phase-locked loop module frequency multiplication, improves the judgement essence of pulse width detection with this Degree, calculates the pulse width of above-mentioned signal, according to the difference of pulse width, distinguishes bullet signal, interference signal, Computing formula is as follows:

$t=\frac{l+d}{v}---\left(1.1\right)$

In formula (1.1), l represents the length of object, and d represents the effective photosensitive diameter of X-ray detector, v table Showing the speed of object, t is pulse width.

X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described instantaneous Speed calculation module calculates bullet and flies over front X-ray light curtain and the instantaneous velocity of rear X-ray light curtain, and formula is as follows:

$V_X=\frac{l+d}{N\×T}---\left(1.2\right)$

Wherein V_XBeing the bullet instantaneous velocity that passes light curtain, l represents the length of object, and d represents X-ray detection The effective photosensitive diameter of device, N is counted number of pulses, and T is the pulsewidth of individual pulse.

X-ray light curtain initial speed measuring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described averagely Speed calculation module (14) calculates bullet and flies over the average speed of former and later two X-ray curtains, and formula is as follows:

$V_a=\frac{V_{X1}+V_{X2}}{2}---\left(1.3\right)$

Wherein, V_aIt is the average speed of projectile flight, V_X1It is the bullet instantaneous velocity that flies over front X-ray curtain target, V_X2 It it is the bullet instantaneous velocity that flies over rear X-ray curtain target.