CN108061812B - A laser velocity measurement system and method for projectile velocity - Google Patents

A laser velocity measurement system and method for projectile velocity Download PDF

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CN108061812B
CN108061812B CN201711250190.2A CN201711250190A CN108061812B CN 108061812 B CN108061812 B CN 108061812B CN 201711250190 A CN201711250190 A CN 201711250190A CN 108061812 B CN108061812 B CN 108061812B
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laser
measuring device
speed measuring
projectile
velocity
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CN108061812A (en
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王鹏
张宁超
任娟
兀伟
敬伟
宋春焕
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Xian Technological University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/64Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G01P3/68Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01P3/685Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light for projectile velocity measurements

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,包括弹管、设置在靠近弹管发射口的冲力触发感应装置、设置在靠近弹管出射口的二级激光测速装置、设置在冲力触发感应装置与二级激光测速装置之间的一级激光测速装置、测距仪、计时单元和处理单元,所述测距仪分别设置在所述冲力触发感应装置与一级激光测速装置之间、一级激光测速装置与二级激光测速装置之间,所述计时单元的信号输入端分别与冲力触发感应装置的信号输出端、一级激光测速装置的信号输出端和二级激光测速装置的信号输出端连接,所述计时单元的信号输出端与处理单元的信号输入端连接。本发明提供一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统及其方法,可准确地测量弹丸的速度。

Figure 201711250190

The invention discloses a laser speed measuring system for projectile velocity, which comprises a projectile tube, an impulse force trigger sensing device arranged close to the launching port of the projectile tube, a secondary laser speed measuring device arranged close to the projectile exit port, and an impulse force triggering sensing device arranged A primary laser speed measuring device, a rangefinder, a timing unit and a processing unit between the secondary laser speed measuring device, the rangefinder is respectively arranged between the impulse trigger sensing device and the primary laser speed measuring device, and the primary Between the laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, the signal input end of the timing unit is respectively connected to the signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device, the signal output end of the primary laser speed measuring device and the signal output end of the secondary laser speed measuring device connected, the signal output end of the timing unit is connected to the signal input end of the processing unit. The invention provides a projectile velocity laser velocity measuring system and method thereof, which can accurately measure the velocity of the projectile.

Figure 201711250190

Description

一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统及其方法A laser velocity measurement system and method for projectile velocity

技术领域technical field

本发明属于激光测速领域,特别涉及一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统及其方法。The invention belongs to the field of laser velocity measurement, and in particular relates to a laser velocity measurement system and a method thereof for projectile velocity.

背景技术Background technique

在弹药设计和生产过程中,炮弹的速度是重要技术指标之一,从而,速度测量设备也是火炮及弹药设计和生产部门的必装设备。目前,常规使用的速度测量设备存在很多种类,其中,基于区截测量原理的有:通断网靶、线圈靶、天幕靶、框架式激光靶等等。这一类速度测量设备的测量原理为:在已知靶距的前提下,测取炮弹的过靶时间,计算靶距中点位置的平均速度。此外还有借助于测速雷达来进行测量的方案,这类方案则是通过多普勒原理来进行测速。现有的基于区截测量原理的速度测量设备由于种种原因,基本都存在现场靶距长度误差大、炮弹过靶时间测量不够准确、抑或测量火炮口径范围受限等问题;而对于多普勒测速雷达,则在测速点位置存在不确定性的问题,难以满足精度方面的要求。鉴于此,对于本领域技术人员而言,如何改善现有技术中炮弹速度测量过程精度不足的现状,已成为当前迫切需要解决的重要问题。In the process of ammunition design and production, the velocity of shells is one of the important technical indicators. Therefore, velocity measuring equipment is also a must-installed equipment for artillery and ammunition design and production departments. At present, there are many types of conventionally used speed measurement equipment, among which, based on the principle of section measurement, there are: on-off mesh target, coil target, sky screen target, frame laser target and so on. The measurement principle of this type of speed measuring equipment is: under the premise of knowing the target distance, measure the time of the projectile passing the target, and calculate the average speed at the midpoint of the target distance. In addition, there are solutions for measuring with the aid of speed-measuring radars, which use the Doppler principle for speed measurement. Due to various reasons, the existing speed measurement equipment based on the principle of section measurement basically has problems such as large error in the length of the on-site target distance, inaccurate measurement of the time of the projectile passing the target, or the limited range of the measured artillery caliber; and for Doppler speed measurement Radar has the problem of uncertainty in the position of the speed measuring point, and it is difficult to meet the accuracy requirements. In view of this, for those skilled in the art, how to improve the current situation of insufficient accuracy of the projectile velocity measurement process in the prior art has become an important problem that needs to be solved urgently.

发明内容Contents of the invention

发明目的:为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,本发明提供一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统及其方法,可准确地测量弹丸的速度。Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a laser velocity measurement system and method for projectile velocity, which can accurately measure the velocity of projectiles.

技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:Technical scheme: in order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,包括弹管、设置在靠近弹管发射口的冲力触发感应装置、设置在靠近弹管出射口的二级激光测速装置、设置在冲力触发感应装置与二级激光测速装置之间的一级激光测速装置、测距仪、计时单元和处理单元,所述测距仪分别设置在所述冲力触发感应装置与一级激光测速装置之间、一级激光测速装置与二级激光测速装置之间,所述计时单元的信号输入端分别与冲力触发感应装置的信号输出端、一级激光测速装置的信号输出端和二级激光测速装置的信号输出端连接,所述计时单元的信号输出端与处理单元的信号输入端连接,所述冲力触发感应装置的信号输出端与一级激光测速装置和二级激光测速装置包含的激光光源的信号输入端连接。A laser speed measuring system for projectile speed, comprising a bullet tube, an impulse trigger sensing device arranged near the launching port of the bullet tube, a secondary laser speed measuring device disposed near the projectile tube exit, an impulse trigger sensing device and a secondary laser A primary laser speed measuring device, a range finder, a timing unit and a processing unit between the speed measuring devices, the range finder is respectively arranged between the impulse trigger sensing device and the primary laser speed measuring device, and the primary laser speed measuring device and the primary laser speed measuring device Between the secondary laser speed measuring devices, the signal input end of the timing unit is respectively connected with the signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device, the signal output end of the primary laser speed measuring device and the signal output end of the secondary laser speed measuring device. The signal output end of the timing unit is connected to the signal input end of the processing unit, and the signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device is connected to the signal input end of the laser light source included in the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device.

进一步的,所述二级测速装置包括激光激发模块、第二分光镜和第二光电转换模块,所述激光激发模块设置在弹管上,且所述激光激发模块的发射激光光线垂直于弹丸的飞行路径,所述第二光电转换模块设置在与激光激发模块相对的弹管壁体上,且所述第二光电转换模块接收发射的激光光线;所述第二分光镜设置在激光激发模块的发射端,且所述第二分光镜将发射光线分成两束相互垂直的出射光线,其中一束朝向第二光电转换模块,且另一束朝向冲向触发感应装置和一级激光测速装置。Further, the secondary speed measuring device includes a laser excitation module, a second beam splitter and a second photoelectric conversion module, the laser excitation module is arranged on the bomb tube, and the emitted laser light of the laser excitation module is perpendicular to the projectile flight path, the second photoelectric conversion module is arranged on the shell tube wall opposite to the laser excitation module, and the second photoelectric conversion module receives the emitted laser light; the second beam splitter is arranged on the laser excitation module The emitting end, and the second beam splitter divides the emitted light into two mutually perpendicular outgoing rays, one of which is directed to the second photoelectric conversion module, and the other is directed to the trigger sensing device and the primary laser speed measuring device.

进一步的,所述一级测速装置包括第一分光镜和第一光电转换模块,所述第一分光镜、第一光电转换模块分别与第二分光镜、第二光电转换模块平行间距设置在弹管上,且所述第一分光镜设置在第二分光镜分光后的出射光线路径上,且所述第一分光镜将分光后的出射光线再次分成两束相互垂直的出射光线,其中一束朝向第一光电转换模块,且另一束朝向冲向触发感应装置。Further, the primary speed measuring device includes a first beam splitter and a first photoelectric conversion module, and the first beam splitter and the first photoelectric conversion module are respectively arranged in parallel with the second beam splitter and the second photoelectric conversion module. on the tube, and the first beamsplitter is arranged on the path of the outgoing light after splitting by the second beamsplitter, and the first beamsplitter divides the splitting outgoing light into two beams of outgoing light perpendicular to each other, one of which towards the first photoelectric conversion module, and another beam towards the trigger sensing device.

进一步的,所述弹管的壁体内部开设有通光孔,所述通光孔沿弹管的长度方向设置,且所述通光孔的两端分别与第二分光镜、冲力感应触发装置相对设置。Further, a light hole is provided inside the wall of the bomb tube, the light hole is arranged along the length direction of the bomb tube, and the two ends of the light hole are respectively connected to the second beam splitter and the impulse sensing trigger device. relative settings.

进一步的,所述冲力触发感应装置包括插接板、应变片和应变触发片,所述插接板可拆卸的插设在弹管内,所述插接板上贯通开设有供弹丸穿过的弹孔,所述插接板内开设有至少一侧开口的凹腔,所述凹腔垂直于弹丸的飞行方向;所述应变片和应变触发片均设置在凹腔内,所述应变触发片与应变片连接,至少所述应变触发片上的部分区域伸入到弹孔内,且所述弹丸穿过弹孔时触碰到应变触发片并使应变片发生应变信号;所述应变片与计时单元连接。Further, the impulse trigger sensing device includes a socket plate, a strain gauge and a strain trigger plate, the socket plate is detachably inserted in the bullet tube, and the socket plate is penetrated with a bullet hole for the projectile to pass through. A hole is provided in the plug-in board with at least one side opening, and the cavity is perpendicular to the flight direction of the projectile; The strain gauge is connected, at least a part of the strain trigger plate extends into the bullet hole, and when the projectile passes through the bullet hole, it touches the strain trigger plate and causes the strain gauge to generate a strain signal; the strain gauge and the timing unit connect.

进一步的,所述应变触发片为薄纸片,且所述应变触发片覆盖弹孔设置,所述应变触发片一侧与应变片牵拉设置,且另一侧通过固定件固定设置。Further, the strain trigger sheet is a thin paper sheet, and the strain trigger sheet is arranged to cover the bullet hole, one side of the strain trigger sheet is pulled with the strain gauge, and the other side is fixed by a fixing member.

进一步的,所述应变片横设在凹腔内的开口一侧,且所述应变片与凹腔的两内壁间隙设置,应变片与凹腔的内壁构成两条缝隙,所述应变触发片的一侧可插入其中一条缝隙,且另一侧弯折后插入另一条缝隙中。Further, the strain gauge is arranged horizontally on one side of the opening in the concave cavity, and the gap between the strain gauge and the two inner walls of the cavity is set, the strain gauge and the inner wall of the cavity form two gaps, and the strain trigger gauge One side can be inserted into one of the slits, and the other side can be bent and inserted into the other slit.

进一步的,所述插接板朝向二级激光测速装置一侧的壁体上开设有透光孔,所述透光孔连通凹腔。Further, a light-transmitting hole is opened on the wall of the plug-in board facing the side of the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the light-transmitting hole communicates with the concave cavity.

一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统的方法:将冲力触发感应装置靠近弹管发射口设置,将二级激光测速装置靠近弹管出射口设置,在冲力触发感应装置与二级激光测速装置之间设置一级激光测速装置,通过激光激发模块发射激光,并且发射光线经过第一分光镜、第二分光镜进行分光,使激光光线通过各个光路;并通过测距仪分别测量一级激光测速装置与二级测速装置的间距、冲力触发感应装置的间距;A method for a projectile speed laser speed measuring system: setting the impulse trigger sensing device close to the launching port of the bullet tube, setting the secondary laser speed measuring device close to the projectile tube exit, and setting between the impulse trigger sensing device and the secondary laser speed measuring device The first-level laser speed measuring device emits laser light through the laser excitation module, and the emitted light passes through the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter for splitting, so that the laser light passes through each optical path; The distance between the level speed measuring device and the distance between the impulse trigger sensor device;

弹丸发射后先通过冲力触发感应装置,并同时触发计时单元开始计时,之后弹丸依次通过一级激光测速装置、二级激光测速装置,并依次使计时单元分步计时,获得三个时间值及时间间隔;通过处理单元根据时间间隔及测距仪测量的间距进行数据处理,计算加速度及速度。After the projectile is launched, it first triggers the sensing device through the momentum, and at the same time triggers the timing unit to start timing. After that, the projectile passes through the first-level laser speed measuring device and the second-level laser speed measuring device in turn, and sequentially makes the timing unit step by step. Three time values and time Interval: The processing unit performs data processing according to the time interval and the distance measured by the rangefinder, and calculates the acceleration and speed.

有益效果:本发明通过两组激光测速装置和冲力触发感应装置对弹管内的整体速度进行测量,可测量弹丸的速度、加速度和初速度,并且用同一个激光光源进行过靶间距进行测量,同时保证过靶时激光光路的同源性,在精简系统结构的同时,减少系统的误差,而且弹丸过靶时间的测量具有较高的精确性,使得弹丸的速度测量的准确度较高。Beneficial effects: the present invention measures the overall velocity in the bullet tube through two sets of laser velocity measuring devices and impulse trigger sensing devices, can measure the velocity, acceleration and initial velocity of the projectile, and use the same laser light source to measure the distance between targets, and at the same time Ensure the homology of the laser light path when passing the target, reduce the system error while simplifying the system structure, and the measurement of the time of the projectile passing the target has high accuracy, so that the accuracy of the velocity measurement of the projectile is high.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图1为本发明的整体系统示意图;Accompanying drawing 1 is the overall system schematic diagram of the present invention;

附图2为本发明的冲力触发感应装置爆炸图;Accompanying drawing 2 is the explosion diagram of the impulse trigger sensing device of the present invention;

附图3为本发明的冲力触发感应装置的半剖示意图;Accompanying drawing 3 is the semi-sectional schematic diagram of the impulse trigger sensing device of the present invention;

附图4为本发明的冲力触发感应装置局部放大示意图;Accompanying drawing 4 is the partially enlarged schematic diagram of the impulse trigger sensing device of the present invention;

附图5为本发明的冲力触发感应装置另一视角示意图。Accompanying drawing 5 is another view schematic diagram of the impulse trigger sensing device of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如附图1所示,一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,包括弹管1、设置在靠近弹管发射口的冲力触发感应装置2、设置在靠近弹管出射口的二级激光测速装置、设置在冲力触发感应装置2与二级激光测速装置之间的一级激光测速装置、测距仪4、计时单元12和处理单元11,所述测距仪4分别设置在所述冲力触发感应装置2与一级激光测速装置之间、一级激光测速装置与二级激光测速装置之间,所述计时单元12的信号输入端分别与冲力触发感应装置2的信号输出端、一级激光测速装置的信号输出端和二级激光测速装置的信号输出端连接,所述计时单元12的信号输出端与处理单元11的信号输入端连接。,所述冲力触发感应装置2的信号输出端与一级激光测速装置和二级激光测速装置包含的激光光源的信号输入端连接,所述激光光源为激光激发模块7,弹丸14通过冲力触发感应装置2时,同时触发激光光源发射激光光线,使系统自动化程度更高,不需要人工开启激光光源,节省人力,所述测距仪4的信号输出端与处理单元信号输入端连接,通过测距仪4可精确地对一级激光测速装置与二级激光装置、冲力触发感应装置2的间距值,所述测距仪为激光测距仪,利用弹丸通过激光光路的同源激光激发模块作为测距仪4的测距光源,不仅减少了设备组成组件,而且还可减少由于光源不同而造成的测距误差、系统误差等,进而使该系统的测量精度提升。同时,在弹管的发射口设置冲力触发感应装置取代激光测试装置,减少光路受到影响的程度,由于弹丸在发射后会产生大量的烟雾和火光等,距离弹管发蛇口较近的激光光路会受到烟雾或火光的干扰,造成初始计时的不准确性,因此,采用冲力触发感应装置2,该装置为弹丸接触时触发,可避免烟雾或火光的干扰,提高测量准确性。As shown in accompanying drawing 1, a kind of laser velocity measurement system of projectile velocity, comprises bullet tube 1, the impulse force trigger sensing device 2 that is arranged near the launch port of the bullet tube, the secondary laser speed measurement device that is arranged near the launch port of the bullet tube, the setting A primary laser speed measuring device, a range finder 4, a timing unit 12 and a processing unit 11 between the impulse trigger sensing device 2 and the secondary laser speed measuring device, the range finder 4 is respectively arranged on the impulse trigger sensing device 2 Between the primary laser speed measuring device and between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, the signal input end of the timing unit 12 is connected to the signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device 2 and the signal output end of the primary laser speed measuring device respectively. The signal output end is connected to the signal output end of the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the signal output end of the timing unit 12 is connected to the signal input end of the processing unit 11 . The signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device 2 is connected to the signal input end of the laser light source included in the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device. In the case of device 2, the laser light source is triggered to emit laser light at the same time, so that the system is more automated, and the laser light source does not need to be manually turned on, saving manpower. The signal output end of the rangefinder 4 is connected to the signal input end of the processing unit, and the The instrument 4 can accurately measure the distance value between the primary laser speed measuring device, the secondary laser device and the impulse trigger sensing device 2. The rangefinder is a laser rangefinder. The ranging light source of the distance meter 4 not only reduces the components of the equipment, but also reduces ranging errors and system errors caused by different light sources, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the system. At the same time, an impulse trigger sensing device is installed at the launch port of the bullet tube to replace the laser test device to reduce the degree to which the optical path is affected. Since the projectile will generate a lot of smoke and fire after launching, the laser light path closer to the bullet tube's snake opening will be damaged. The inaccuracy of the initial timing is caused by the interference of smoke or fire. Therefore, the impulse trigger sensing device 2 is used. This device is triggered when the projectile touches, which can avoid the interference of smoke or fire and improve the measurement accuracy.

所述二级测速装置包括激光激发模块7、第二分光镜9和第二光电转换模块10,所述激光激发模块7设置在弹管1上,且所述激光激发模块7的发射激光光线垂直于弹丸的飞行路径,所述第二光电转换模块10设置在与激光激发模块7相对的弹管壁体上,且所述第二光电转换模块10接收发射的激光光线;所述第二分光镜9设置在激光激发模块7的发射端,且所述第二分光镜9将发射光线分成两束相互垂直的出射光线,其中一束朝向第二光电转换模块10,且另一束朝向冲向触发感应装置2和一级激光测速装置。通过第二分光镜9将发射光线分成一束射向第二光电转换模块的出射光线和另一束射向对一级激光测速装置进行距离检测的出射光线,可精准的测量出一级激光测量装置距离二级激光测量装置的间距或者二级激光测量装置距离冲力触发感应装置的间距,解决由于弹丸过靶间距测量不准的技术难点。The secondary speed measurement device includes a laser excitation module 7, a second beam splitter 9 and a second photoelectric conversion module 10, the laser excitation module 7 is arranged on the bomb tube 1, and the emitted laser light of the laser excitation module 7 is vertical In the flight path of the projectile, the second photoelectric conversion module 10 is arranged on the wall of the bomb tube opposite to the laser excitation module 7, and the second photoelectric conversion module 10 receives the emitted laser light; the second beam splitter 9 is arranged at the emitting end of the laser excitation module 7, and the second beam splitter 9 divides the emitted light into two beams of outgoing rays perpendicular to each other, one of which is directed towards the second photoelectric conversion module 10, and the other is directed towards the trigger Sensing device 2 and a laser speed measuring device. Through the second beam splitter 9, the emitted light is divided into one beam of outgoing light directed to the second photoelectric conversion module and the other outgoing light directed to the distance detection of the primary laser speed measuring device, which can accurately measure the primary laser measurement The distance between the device and the secondary laser measuring device or the distance between the secondary laser measuring device and the impulse trigger sensing device solves the technical difficulty of inaccurate measurement of the projectile passing the target distance.

所述一级测速装置包括第一分光镜5和第一光电转换模块13,所述第一分光镜5、第一光电转换模块13分别与第二分光镜9、第二光电转换模块10平行间距设置在弹管1上,且所述第一分光镜5设置在第二分光镜9分光后的出射光线路径上,且所述第一分光镜5将分光后的出射光线再次分成两束相互垂直的出射光线,其中一束朝向第一光电转换模块13,且另一束朝向冲向触发感应装置2。通过第一分光镜5再次对出射光线进行分光,精确的测量二级激光测量装置与冲力触发感应装置之间的间距。所述第一分光镜、第二分光镜相对于弹管方向呈45°角度设置,且均设置在弹管壁体内,经分光镜分光后的部分光线经细孔6照射在光电转换模块上,所述细孔6位光学狭缝,可减少其他杂色光及漫射光的影响,并且在细孔6出口端设置有聚光镜8。The primary velocity measuring device includes a first beam splitter 5 and a first photoelectric conversion module 13, and the first beam splitter 5 and the first photoelectric conversion module 13 are spaced parallel to the second beam splitter 9 and the second photoelectric conversion module 10 respectively. It is arranged on the bomb tube 1, and the first beamsplitter 5 is arranged on the exit light path after the second beam splitter 9 splits, and the first beam splitter 5 divides the split exit light into two beams perpendicular to each other One of the emitted light rays is directed toward the first photoelectric conversion module 13 , and the other is directed toward the trigger sensing device 2 . The outgoing light is split again by the first spectroscope 5 to accurately measure the distance between the secondary laser measuring device and the impulse trigger sensing device. The first beamsplitter and the second beamsplitter are arranged at an angle of 45° relative to the direction of the bomb tube, and are all arranged in the wall of the bomb tube, and part of the light beam split by the beam splitter is irradiated on the photoelectric conversion module through the fine hole 6, The 6 optical slits in the fine hole can reduce the influence of other variegated light and diffuse light, and a condenser lens 8 is arranged at the exit end of the fine hole 6 .

所述弹管1的壁体内部开设有通光孔3,所述通光孔3沿弹管1的长度方向设置,且所述通光孔3的两端分别与第二分光镜9、冲力感应触发装置2相对设置。所述第一分光镜9设置在通光孔3内,所述通光孔设置在弹管壁体内,可减少由于烟雾及火光或者使其他杂色光对测距仪测量的影响,减小误差,提高测距精度。The inside of the wall body of the bomb tube 1 is provided with a light hole 3, and the light hole 3 is arranged along the length direction of the bomb tube 1, and the two ends of the light hole 3 are respectively connected with the second beam splitter 9, the momentum The inductive trigger device 2 is relatively arranged. The first beam splitter 9 is arranged in the light hole 3, and the light hole is arranged in the wall of the bomb tube, which can reduce the influence of smoke and fire or other variegated light on the rangefinder measurement, and reduce the error. Improve ranging accuracy.

通过测距仪4对各靶间距的测量、计时单元12对过靶时间的测量,可通过处理单元进行数据处理获得加速度和平均速度等,还可计算发射口和出射口的速度值,该系统可测量弹管内的速度变化历程,适应不同长度、不同口径的弹管管体测量。Through the measurement of the distance between each target by the range finder 4 and the measurement of the time of passing the target by the timing unit 12, the processing unit can perform data processing to obtain acceleration and average speed, etc., and can also calculate the speed values of the launch port and the exit port. It can measure the velocity change history in the bomb tube, and is suitable for the measurement of bomb tubes with different lengths and different calibers.

如附图2和附图3所示,所述冲力触发感应装置2包括插接板23、应变片24和应变触发片22,所述插接板23可拆卸的插设在弹管1内,所述插接板23上贯通开设有供弹丸14穿过的弹孔21,所述插接板23内开设有至少一侧开口的凹腔27,所述凹腔27垂直于弹丸14的飞行方向;所述应变片24和应变触发片22均设置在凹腔27内,所述应变触发片22与应变片24连接,至少所述应变触发片22上的部分区域伸入到弹孔21As shown in accompanying drawings 2 and 3, the impulse trigger sensing device 2 includes a socket board 23, a strain gauge 24 and a strain trigger sheet 22, and the socket board 23 is detachably inserted in the bomb tube 1, The socket plate 23 is provided with a bullet hole 21 for the projectile 14 to pass through, and the socket plate 23 is provided with a cavity 27 with at least one side open, and the cavity 27 is perpendicular to the flight direction of the projectile 14 The strain gauge 24 and the strain trigger piece 22 are all arranged in the concave cavity 27, the strain trigger piece 22 is connected with the strain gauge 24, and at least part of the strain trigger piece 22 extends into the bullet hole 21

内,且所述弹丸14穿过弹孔21时触碰到应变触发片22并使应变片24发生应变信号;所述应变触发片22可以时略微伸出一截的塑料片或者是金属片等,使弹丸通过时可触动该塑料片或金属片,并使应变片产生应变信号;所述应变片24与计时单元12连接。通过冲力触发感应装置计算弹丸穿过后的时间,其为机械结构,受环境及光照条件的影响较小,可适应多种场合,弹丸穿过应变触发片时使应变触发片拉动应变片产生应力变化,并通过电阻信号变化使计时单元计时或者通过应变仪处理后进行计时。When the projectile 14 passes through the bullet hole 21, it touches the strain trigger plate 22 and causes the strain gauge 24 to generate a strain signal; the strain trigger plate 22 can be a plastic sheet or a metal sheet that slightly protrudes. , the plastic sheet or metal sheet can be touched when the projectile passes through, and the strain gauge 24 is connected to the timing unit 12 to generate a strain signal. Calculate the time after the projectile passes through the impulse trigger sensing device. It is a mechanical structure, which is less affected by the environment and light conditions, and can be adapted to various occasions. When the projectile passes through the strain trigger plate, the strain trigger plate pulls the strain gauge to produce a stress change. , and the timing unit is clocked by the change of the resistance signal or the clock is processed by the strain gauge.

在插接板23的底部设置有两个定位销26,在弹管1的壁体上设置有与所述定位销26配合的定位孔,使每次插接板安装后仍能保持较稳定的位置,减小误差。Two locating pins 26 are arranged at the bottom of the socket board 23, and positioning holes cooperating with the locating pins 26 are provided on the wall of the bomb tube 1, so that the socket board can still maintain a relatively stable position after each installation. position to reduce errors.

所述应变触发片22为薄纸片,且所述应变触发片22覆盖弹孔21设置,所述应变触发片22一侧与应变片24牵拉设置,且另一侧通过固定件25固定设置。所述固定件25为螺栓,所述螺栓旋合设置在插接板上并与凹腔27连通,将薄纸片的一侧固定,使其紧绷并产生一定的张紧力,在弹丸穿过时,冲击力可使薄纸片触发应变片产生应变信号,同时薄纸片容易获得,便宜,使用方便,适合实验时的大量使用,而且弹丸的冲击力可轻易冲破薄纸片,避免对弹丸的速度造成干扰或者速度损失。而且,薄纸片完全覆盖弹孔21,也可防止弹管出射口的烟雾或闪光对弹管内的其他区域造成干扰。The strain trigger sheet 22 is a thin paper sheet, and the strain trigger sheet 22 is arranged to cover the bullet hole 21 , one side of the strain trigger sheet 22 is pulled and set with the strain gauge 24 , and the other side is fixed and set by a fixing member 25 . The fixing part 25 is a bolt, and the bolt is screwed and arranged on the socket plate and communicated with the cavity 27, so as to fix one side of the thin paper sheet, make it tight and generate a certain tension force, and when the projectile passes through Outdated, the impact force can make the thin paper trigger the strain gauge to generate a strain signal. At the same time, the thin paper is easy to obtain, cheap, convenient to use, and suitable for a large number of experiments. Moreover, the impact force of the projectile can easily break through the thin paper to avoid damage to the projectile. cause interference or loss of speed. Moreover, the thin paper sheet completely covers the bullet hole 21, which can also prevent the smoke or flash from the exit of the bullet barrel from interfering with other areas in the bullet barrel.

如附图4所示,所述应变片24横设在凹腔27内的开口一侧,且所述应变片24与凹腔27的两内壁间隙设置,应变片24与凹腔的内壁构成两条缝隙30,所述应变触发片22的一侧可插入其中一条缝隙30,且另一侧弯折后插入另一条缝隙30中。其安装方便,结构简单,而且可使应变片的触发效果较好。As shown in accompanying drawing 4, described strain gage 24 is horizontally arranged on the opening side in concave cavity 27, and described strain gauge 24 and two inner walls gaps of concave cavity 27 are arranged, and strain gauge 24 and the inner wall of concave cavity form two sides. One side of the strain trigger sheet 22 can be inserted into one of the slots 30 , and the other side can be bent and inserted into the other slot 30 . The installation is convenient, the structure is simple, and the triggering effect of the strain gauge can be better.

如附图5所示,进一步的,所述插接板23朝向二级激光测速装置一侧的壁体上开设有透光孔230,所述透光孔230连通凹腔27。所述透光孔230用于通光孔3内的激光光线通过,并使激光光线达到应变触发片上,保证测距的精准性。As shown in FIG. 5 , further, a light-transmitting hole 230 is opened on the wall of the plug-in board 23 facing the side of the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the light-transmitting hole 230 communicates with the concave cavity 27 . The light-transmitting hole 230 is used for the laser light in the light-through hole 3 to pass through, and make the laser light reach the strain trigger sheet, so as to ensure the accuracy of distance measurement.

一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统的方法:将冲力触发感应装置靠近弹管发射口设置,将二级激光测速装置靠近弹管出射口设置,在冲力触发感应装置与二级激光测速装置之间设置一级激光测速装置,通过激光激发模块发射激光,并且发射光线经过第一分光镜、第二分光镜进行分光,使激光光线通过各个光路;并通过测距仪分别测量一级激光测速装置与二级测速装置的间距、冲力触发感应装置的间距;A method for a projectile speed laser speed measuring system: setting the impulse trigger sensing device close to the launching port of the bullet tube, setting the secondary laser speed measuring device close to the projectile tube exit, and setting between the impulse trigger sensing device and the secondary laser speed measuring device The first-level laser speed measuring device emits laser light through the laser excitation module, and the emitted light passes through the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter for splitting, so that the laser light passes through each optical path; The distance between the level speed measuring device and the distance between the impulse trigger sensor device;

弹丸发射后先通过冲力触发感应装置,并同时触发计时单元开始计时,之后弹丸依次通过一级激光测速装置、二级激光测速装置,并依次使计时单元分步计时,获得三个时间值及时间间隔;通过处理单元根据时间间隔及测距仪测量的间距进行数据处理,计算加速度及速度。After the projectile is launched, it first triggers the sensing device through the momentum, and at the same time triggers the timing unit to start timing. After that, the projectile passes through the first-level laser speed measuring device and the second-level laser speed measuring device in turn, and sequentially makes the timing unit step by step. Three time values and time Interval: The processing unit performs data processing according to the time interval and the distance measured by the rangefinder, and calculates the acceleration and speed.

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,其特征在于:包括弹管(1)、设置在靠近弹管发射口的冲力触发感应装置(2)、设置在靠近弹管出射口的二级激光测速装置、设置在冲力触发感应装置(2)与二级激光测速装置之间的一级激光测速装置、测距仪(4)、计时单元(12)和处理单元(11),所述测距仪(4)分别设置在所述冲力触发感应装置(2)与一级激光测速装置之间、一级激光测速装置与二级激光测速装置之间,所述计时单元(12)的信号输入端分别与冲力触发感应装置(2)的信号输出端、一级激光测速装置的信号输出端和二级激光测速装置的信号输出端连接,所述计时单元(12)的信号输出端与处理单元(11)的信号输入端连接,所述冲力触发感应装置(2)的信号输出端与一级激光测速装置和二级激光测速装置包含的激光激发模块的信号输入端连接;1. A laser velocity measuring system for projectile velocity, characterized in that: comprising a bomb tube (1), an impulse trigger sensor (2) arranged near the launch port of the bomb tube, and a secondary laser velocity measuring device positioned near the exit port of the bomb tube device, a primary laser speed measuring device arranged between the impulse trigger sensing device (2) and a secondary laser speed measuring device, a range finder (4), a timing unit (12) and a processing unit (11), the range finder (4) respectively arranged between the impulse trigger sensing device (2) and the first-level laser speed measuring device, between the first-level laser speed measuring device and the second-level laser speed measuring device, the signal input ends of the timing unit (12) are respectively It is connected with the signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device (2), the signal output end of the first-level laser speed measuring device and the signal output end of the second-level laser speed measuring device, and the signal output end of the timing unit (12) is connected with the processing unit (11 ) is connected to the signal input end, and the signal output end of the impulse trigger sensing device (2) is connected to the signal input end of the laser excitation module included in the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device; 所述二级激光测速装置包括激光激发模块(7)、第二分光镜(9)和第二光电转换模块(10),所述激光激发模块(7)设置在弹管(1)上,且所述激光激发模块(7)的发射激光光线垂直于弹丸的飞行路径,所述第二光电转换模块(10)设置在与激光激发模块(7)相对的弹管壁体上,且所述第二光电转换模块(10)接收发射的激光光线;所述第二分光镜(9)设置在激光激发模块(7)的发射端,且所述第二分光镜(9)将发射光线分成两束相互垂直的出射光线,其中一束朝向第二光电转换模块(10),且另一束朝向冲力触发感应装置(2)和一级激光测速装置;The secondary laser speed measuring device includes a laser excitation module (7), a second beam splitter (9) and a second photoelectric conversion module (10), the laser excitation module (7) is arranged on the bomb tube (1), and The emitted laser light of the laser excitation module (7) is perpendicular to the flight path of the projectile, the second photoelectric conversion module (10) is arranged on the wall of the bullet tube opposite to the laser excitation module (7), and the first Two photoelectric conversion modules (10) receive the emitted laser light; the second beam splitter (9) is arranged on the emission end of the laser excitation module (7), and the second beam splitter (9) divides the emitted light into two beams Outgoing rays perpendicular to each other, one of which is directed to the second photoelectric conversion module (10), and the other is directed to the impulse trigger sensing device (2) and the primary laser velocity measuring device; 所述一级激光测速装置包括第一分光镜(5)和第一光电转换模块(13),所述第一分光镜(5)、第一光电转换模块(13)分别与第二分光镜(9)、第二光电转换模块(10)平行间距设置在弹管(1)上,且所述第一分光镜(5)设置在第二分光镜(9)分光后的出射光线路径上,且所述第一分光镜(5)将分光后的出射光线再次分成两束相互垂直的出射光线,其中一束朝向第一光电转换模块(13),且另一束朝向冲力触发感应装置(2);The first-level laser speed measuring device comprises a first beam splitter (5) and a first photoelectric conversion module (13), and the first beam splitter (5), the first photoelectric conversion module (13) are respectively connected with the second beam splitter ( 9), the second photoelectric conversion module (10) is arranged on the elastic tube (1) at a parallel distance, and the first beam splitter (5) is arranged on the outgoing light path after the splitting by the second beam splitter (9), and The first beam splitter (5) divides the splitted outgoing light into two mutually perpendicular outgoing light beams, one of which is directed to the first photoelectric conversion module (13), and the other is directed to the impulse trigger sensing device (2) ; 所述冲力触发感应装置(2)包括插接板(23)、应变片(24)和应变触发片(22),所述插接板(23)可拆卸的插设在弹管(1)内,所述插接板(23)上贯通开设有供弹丸(14)穿过的弹孔(21),所述插接板(23)内开设有至少一侧开口的凹腔(27),所述凹腔(27)垂直于弹丸(14)的飞行方向;所述应变片(24)和应变触发片(22)均设置在凹腔(27)内,所述应变触发片(22)与应变片(24)连接,至少所述应变触发片(22)上的部分区域伸入到弹孔(21)内,且所述弹丸(14)穿过弹孔(21)时触碰到应变触发片(22)并使应变片(24)发生应变信号;所述应变片(24)与计时单元(12)连接。The impulse trigger sensing device (2) includes a socket plate (23), a strain gauge (24) and a strain trigger plate (22), and the socket plate (23) is detachably inserted in the bullet tube (1) , the plug plate (23) is provided with bullet holes (21) through which the projectiles (14) pass, and the plug plate (23) is provided with a cavity (27) with at least one side open, so The cavity (27) is perpendicular to the flight direction of the projectile (14); the strain gauge (24) and the strain trigger plate (22) are all arranged in the cavity (27), and the strain trigger plate (22) and the strain gauge (24) connection, at least part of the strain trigger piece (22) extends into the bullet hole (21), and the projectile (14) touches the strain trigger piece when passing through the bullet hole (21) (22) and make the strain gauge (24) generate a strain signal; the strain gauge (24) is connected with the timing unit (12). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,其特征在于:所述弹管(1)的壁体内部开设有通光孔(3),所述通光孔(3)沿弹管(1)的长度方向设置,且所述通光孔(3)的两端分别与第二分光镜(9)、冲力触发感应装置(2)相对设置。2. The laser velocity measurement system of a projectile velocity according to claim 1, characterized in that: a light hole (3) is provided inside the wall body of the bullet tube (1), and the light hole (3) It is arranged along the length direction of the bomb tube (1), and the two ends of the light through hole (3) are respectively arranged opposite to the second beam splitter (9) and the impulse trigger sensing device (2). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,其特征在于:所述应变触发片(22)为薄纸片,且所述应变触发片(22)覆盖弹孔(21)设置,所述应变触发片(22)一侧与应变片(24)牵拉设置,且另一侧通过固定件(25)固定设置。3. The laser velocity measuring system of a projectile velocity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strain trigger sheet (22) is a thin paper sheet, and the strain trigger sheet (22) covers the bullet hole (21) Setting, one side of the strain trigger sheet (22) is pulled and set with the strain gauge (24), and the other side is fixedly set by the fixing piece (25). 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,其特征在于:所述应变片(24)横设在凹腔(27)内的开口一侧,且所述应变片(24)与凹腔(27)的两内壁间隙设置,应变片(24)与凹腔的内壁构成两条缝隙(30),所述应变触发片(22)的一侧可插入其中一条缝隙(30),且另一侧弯折后插入另一条缝隙(30)中。4. The laser velocity measuring system of a projectile velocity according to claim 3, characterized in that: the strain gauge (24) is arranged on one side of the opening in the concave cavity (27), and the strain gauge (24) ) and the two inner wall gaps of the cavity (27), the strain gauge (24) and the inner wall of the cavity form two slits (30), and one side of the strain trigger plate (22) can be inserted into one of the slits (30) , and the other side is bent and inserted into another slit (30). 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹丸速度的激光测速系统,其特征在于:所述插接板(23)朝向二级激光测速装置一侧的壁体上开设有透光孔(230),所述透光孔(230)连通凹腔(27)。5. A projectile velocity laser velocity measuring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a light-transmitting hole (230) is opened on the wall of the plug-in board (23) facing the side of the secondary laser velocity measuring device , the light-transmitting hole (230) communicates with the concave cavity (27). 6.一种利用权利要求1所述的激光测速系统测量弹丸速度的方法,其特征在于:将冲力触发感应装置靠近弹管发射口设置,将二级激光测速装置靠近弹管出射口设置,在冲力触发感应装置与二级激光测速装置之间设置一级激光测速装置,通过激光激发模块发射激光,并且发射光线经过第一分光镜、第二分光镜进行分光,使激光光线通过各个光路;并通过测距仪分别测量一级激光测速装置与二级激光测速装置的间距、冲力触发感应装置的间距;6. A method for measuring projectile velocity by using the laser speed measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the impulse trigger sensing device is arranged close to the launch port of the bullet tube, and the secondary laser speed measurement device is arranged close to the exit port of the bullet tube. A first-level laser speed measurement device is set between the impulse trigger sensing device and the second-level laser speed measurement device, and the laser excitation module emits laser light, and the emitted light is split through the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter, so that the laser light passes through each optical path; and Measure the distance between the first-level laser speed measuring device and the second-level laser speed measuring device, and the distance between the impulse trigger sensing device through the range finder; 弹丸发射后先通过冲力触发感应装置,并同时触发计时单元开始计时,之后弹丸依次通过一级激光测速装置、二级激光测速装置,并依次使计时单元分步计时,获得三个时间值及时间间隔;通过处理单元根据时间间隔及测距仪测量的间距进行数据处理,计算加速度及速度。After the projectile is launched, it first triggers the sensing device through the momentum, and at the same time triggers the timing unit to start timing. After that, the projectile passes through the first-level laser speed measuring device and the second-level laser speed measuring device in turn, and sequentially makes the timing unit step by step. Three time values and time Interval: The processing unit performs data processing according to the time interval and the distance measured by the rangefinder, and calculates the acceleration and speed.
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