CN108061812B - Laser speed measuring system and method for speed of projectile - Google Patents
Laser speed measuring system and method for speed of projectile Download PDFInfo
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- CN108061812B CN108061812B CN201711250190.2A CN201711250190A CN108061812B CN 108061812 B CN108061812 B CN 108061812B CN 201711250190 A CN201711250190 A CN 201711250190A CN 108061812 B CN108061812 B CN 108061812B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000827 velocimetry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P3/68—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01P3/685—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light for projectile velocity measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser speed measuring system for projectile speed, which comprises a projectile tube, an impulse triggering induction device, a secondary laser speed measuring device, a primary laser speed measuring device, a range finder, a timing unit and a processing unit, wherein the impulse triggering induction device is arranged near an emission port of the projectile tube, the secondary laser speed measuring device is arranged near the emission port of the projectile tube, the primary laser speed measuring device is arranged between the impulse triggering induction device and the primary laser speed measuring device, the range finder is respectively arranged between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, the signal input end of the timing unit is respectively connected with the signal output end of the impulse triggering induction device, the signal output end of the primary laser speed measuring device and the signal output end of the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the signal output end of the timing unit is connected with the signal input end of the processing unit. The invention provides a laser speed measuring system and a laser speed measuring method for the speed of a projectile, which can accurately measure the speed of the projectile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser speed measurement, and particularly relates to a laser speed measurement system and method for the speed of a projectile.
Background
In the process of designing and producing ammunition, the speed of the shell is one of important technical indexes, and therefore, the speed measuring equipment is also necessary equipment of artillery and ammunition designing and producing departments. Currently, there are a wide variety of speed measurement devices in common use, among which are based on the principle of section measurement: on-off net targets, coil targets, backdrop targets, frame laser targets, and the like. The measurement principle of this type of speed measurement device is: and on the premise of knowing the target distance, measuring the over-target time of the shell, and calculating the average speed of the midpoint position of the target distance. In addition, there are solutions for measuring by means of a tachometer, which measure the speed by means of the doppler principle. The existing speed measurement equipment based on the zonal interception measurement principle basically has the problems of large on-site target distance length error, inaccurate measurement of the cannon passing time, limited caliber range of the measured cannon and the like for various reasons; for Doppler speed measuring radar, uncertainty exists in the position of a speed measuring point, and the requirement on precision is difficult to meet. In view of this, it is an important problem to be solved in the present situation that how to improve the insufficient accuracy of the projectile velocity measurement process in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a laser speed measuring system and a laser speed measuring method for the speed of a projectile, which can accurately measure the speed of the projectile.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a laser speed measurement system of pellet speed, includes the bullet pipe, sets up at impulse trigger induction system near the bullet pipe transmitting port, sets up at the second grade laser speed measuring device that is close to the bullet pipe transmitting port, sets up one-level laser speed measuring device, distancer, timing unit and the processing unit between impulse trigger induction system and one-level laser speed measuring device, one-level laser speed measuring device and second grade laser speed measuring device respectively, the signal input part of timing unit is connected with impulse trigger induction system's signal output part, one-level laser speed measuring device's signal output part and second grade laser speed measuring device's signal output part respectively, the signal output part of timing unit is connected with the signal input part of processing unit, impulse trigger induction system's signal output part is connected with the signal input part of the laser light source that one-level laser speed measuring device and second grade laser speed measuring device contained.
Further, the secondary speed measuring device comprises a laser excitation module, a second beam splitter and a second photoelectric conversion module, wherein the laser excitation module is arranged on the bullet tube, the emitted laser ray of the laser excitation module is perpendicular to the flight path of the bullet, the second photoelectric conversion module is arranged on the bullet tube wall opposite to the laser excitation module, and the second photoelectric conversion module receives the emitted laser ray; the second beam splitter is arranged at the transmitting end of the laser excitation module, and divides the transmitting light into two beams of mutually perpendicular emergent light, one beam faces the second photoelectric conversion module, and the other beam faces towards the towards-trigger sensing device and the primary laser speed measuring device.
Further, the first-level speed measuring device comprises a first spectroscope and a first photoelectric conversion module, wherein the first spectroscope and the first photoelectric conversion module are respectively arranged on the elastic tube with the second spectroscope and the second photoelectric conversion module at parallel intervals, the first spectroscope is arranged on an emergent ray path after the light splitting of the second spectroscope, the first spectroscope divides the split emergent ray into two mutually perpendicular emergent rays again, one beam faces the first photoelectric conversion module, and the other beam faces towards the flushing triggering sensing device.
Further, the inside logical unthreaded hole that has seted up of wall body of bullet pipe, logical unthreaded hole sets up along the length direction of bullet pipe, just the both ends of logical unthreaded hole set up with second beam splitter, impulse response trigger device relatively respectively.
Further, the impact force triggering induction device comprises a plugboard, a strain gauge and a strain gauge, wherein the plugboard is detachably inserted into the bullet pipe, a bullet hole for a bullet to pass through is formed in the plugboard in a penetrating way, a cavity with at least one side open is formed in the plugboard, and the cavity is perpendicular to the flight direction of the bullet; the strain gauge and the strain trigger gauge are arranged in the concave cavity, the strain trigger gauge is connected with the strain gauge, at least a part of area on the strain trigger gauge stretches into the bullet hole, and the bullet touches the strain trigger gauge and causes the strain gauge to generate a strain signal when passing through the bullet hole; the strain gauge is connected with the timing unit.
Further, the strain trigger piece is a thin paper piece, the strain trigger piece covers the bullet hole, one side of the strain trigger piece is pulled with the strain piece, and the other side of the strain trigger piece is fixedly arranged through the fixing piece.
Furthermore, the strain gauge is transversely arranged at one side of the opening in the concave cavity, the strain gauge and the two inner walls of the concave cavity are arranged in a clearance way, the strain gauge and the inner walls of the concave cavity form two gaps, one side of the strain trigger gauge can be inserted into one gap, and the other side of the strain trigger gauge is inserted into the other gap after being bent.
Further, the wall body of the plugboard facing one side of the secondary laser speed measuring device is provided with a light hole, and the light hole is communicated with the concave cavity.
A method of laser speed measuring system for speed of bullet, comprising: setting an impulse triggering sensing device close to an ejection opening of the elastic tube, setting a secondary laser speed measuring device close to an ejection opening of the elastic tube, setting a primary laser speed measuring device between the impulse triggering sensing device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, emitting laser through a laser excitation module, and splitting emitted light through a first spectroscope and a second spectroscope to enable the laser light to pass through each light path; the distance between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary speed measuring device and the distance between the impulse triggering sensing devices are respectively measured through a distance meter;
after the shot is launched, the induction device is triggered by impulsive force, the timing unit is triggered to start timing at the same time, and then the shot sequentially passes through the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the timing unit is sequentially timed step by step to obtain three time values and time intervals; and the processing unit is used for carrying out data processing according to the time interval and the distance measured by the distance meter, and calculating the acceleration and the speed.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention measures the whole speed in the bullet tube through the two groups of laser speed measuring devices and the impulse triggering sensing device, can measure the speed, the acceleration and the initial speed of the bullet, measures the target passing interval by using the same laser light source, ensures the homology of the laser light path during target passing, reduces the error of the system while simplifying the system structure, and has higher accuracy in measuring the target passing time of the bullet, so that the accuracy of measuring the speed of the bullet is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the impulse triggering sensing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a semi-cutaway of an impulse trigger sensing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the impulse triggering sensing device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of another view of the impulse trigger sensing device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a laser speed measuring system for the speed of a projectile comprises a projectile tube 1, an impulse triggering induction device 2 arranged near a projectile tube emission port, a secondary laser speed measuring device arranged near a projectile tube emission port, a primary laser speed measuring device arranged between the impulse triggering induction device 2 and the secondary laser speed measuring device, a range finder 4, a timing unit 12 and a processing unit 11, wherein the range finder 4 is respectively arranged between the impulse triggering induction device 2 and the primary laser speed measuring device and between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, and a signal input end of the timing unit 12 is respectively connected with a signal output end of the impulse triggering induction device 2, a signal output end of the primary laser speed measuring device and a signal output end of the secondary laser speed measuring device, and a signal output end of the timing unit 12 is connected with a signal input end of the processing unit 11. The signal output part of the impulse triggering induction device 2 is connected with the signal input parts of the laser light sources contained in the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, the laser light sources are laser excitation modules 7, when the projectile 14 triggers the induction device 2 through the impulse, the laser light sources are triggered to emit laser rays simultaneously, the automation degree of the system is higher, the laser light sources do not need to be manually started, labor is saved, the signal output part of the distance meter 4 is connected with the signal input part of the processing unit, the distance value between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser device as well as between the impulse triggering induction device 2 can be accurately obtained through the distance meter 4, the distance meter is a laser distance meter, the distance measuring light sources of the distance meter 4 are used by utilizing the homologous laser excitation modules of the projectile through laser light paths, equipment component is reduced, and the distance measuring errors, systematic errors and the like caused by different light sources can be reduced, so that the measuring precision of the system is improved. Meanwhile, an impulse triggering induction device is arranged at the transmitting port of the bullet tube to replace a laser testing device, the degree that the light path is influenced is reduced, and because a large amount of smoke, fire light and the like can be generated after the bullet is transmitted, the laser light path which is closer to the bullet tube transmitting port can be interfered by the smoke or the fire light, so that the inaccuracy of initial timing is caused, therefore, the impulse triggering induction device 2 is adopted, the device is triggered when the bullet contacts, the interference of the smoke or the fire light can be avoided, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
The secondary speed measuring device comprises a laser excitation module 7, a second beam splitter 9 and a second photoelectric conversion module 10, wherein the laser excitation module 7 is arranged on the bullet tube 1, the emitted laser ray of the laser excitation module 7 is perpendicular to the flight path of the bullet, the second photoelectric conversion module 10 is arranged on the bullet tube wall opposite to the laser excitation module 7, and the second photoelectric conversion module 10 receives the emitted laser ray; the second beam splitter 9 is disposed at the emission end of the laser excitation module 7, and the second beam splitter 9 splits the emitted light into two beams of outgoing light beams perpendicular to each other, one beam of outgoing light beams faces the second photoelectric conversion module 10, and the other beam of outgoing light beams faces towards the towards-trigger sensing device 2 and the primary laser speed measuring device. The second beam splitter 9 divides the emitted light into an emergent light beam which irradiates the second photoelectric conversion module and an emergent light beam which irradiates the primary laser speed measuring device for distance detection, so that the distance between the primary laser measuring device and the secondary laser measuring device or the distance between the secondary laser measuring device and the impulse triggering sensing device can be accurately measured, and the technical difficulty of inaccurate measurement of the target passing distance due to the projectile is solved.
The first-level speed measuring device comprises a first spectroscope 5 and a first photoelectric conversion module 13, the first spectroscope 5 and the first photoelectric conversion module 13 are respectively arranged on the elastic tube 1 at parallel intervals with the second spectroscope 9 and the second photoelectric conversion module 10, the first spectroscope 5 is arranged on an emergent ray path after the second spectroscope 9 splits light, the first spectroscope 5 splits the split emergent ray into two mutually perpendicular emergent rays again, one beam faces the first photoelectric conversion module 13, and the other beam faces towards the triggering induction device 2. The emergent light is split again through the first spectroscope 5, and the distance between the secondary laser measuring device and the impulse triggering sensing device is accurately measured. The first spectroscope and the second spectroscope are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the direction of the elastic tube, and are arranged in the elastic tube wall, part of light after being split by the spectroscope is irradiated on the photoelectric conversion module through the fine holes 6, the fine holes 6 are provided with optical slits, the influence of other stray light and diffuse light can be reduced, and the outlet end of the fine holes 6 is provided with a condenser lens 8.
The inside light hole 3 that has seted up of wall body of bullet pipe 1, light hole 3 sets up along the length direction of bullet pipe 1, just the both ends of light hole 3 set up with second beam splitter 9, impulse response trigger device 2 relatively respectively. The first spectroscope 9 is arranged in the light passing hole 3, and the light passing hole is arranged in the wall of the elastic tube, so that the influence of smoke and fire or other stray light on the measurement of the range finder can be reduced, errors can be reduced, and the range finding precision can be improved.
The distance meter 4 is used for measuring the distance between targets, the timing unit 12 is used for measuring the target passing time, the processing unit can be used for carrying out data processing to obtain acceleration, average speed and the like, the speed values of the emission port and the emission port can be calculated, and the system can be used for measuring the speed change process in the bullet tube and is suitable for measuring the bullet tube bodies with different lengths and different calibers.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the impact triggering sensing device 2 includes a plug board 23, a strain gauge 24 and a strain gauge 22, wherein the plug board 23 is detachably inserted into the bullet tube 1, a bullet hole 21 through which the bullet 14 passes is formed in the plug board 23, a cavity 27 with at least one side open is formed in the plug board 23, and the cavity 27 is perpendicular to the flight direction of the bullet 14; the strain gage 24 and the strain gage 22 are all arranged in the concave cavity 27, the strain gage 22 is connected with the strain gage 24, and at least a part of the area on the strain gage 22 extends into the bullet hole 21
In the middle, the projectile 14 touches the strain trigger 22 and enables the strain gauge 24 to generate a strain signal when passing through the bullet hole 21; the strain-triggering sheet 22 may slightly extend out of a section of plastic sheet or metal sheet, so that the plastic sheet or metal sheet may be touched when the projectile passes through, and the strain signal is generated by the strain sheet; the strain gauge 24 is connected to the timing unit 12. The time after the projectile passes through is calculated through the impulse triggering sensing device, the device is of a mechanical structure, is less influenced by environment and illumination conditions, can be suitable for various occasions, enables the strain trigger piece to pull the strain piece to generate stress change when the projectile passes through the strain trigger piece, and enables the timing unit to time through resistance signal change or to time after being processed through the strain gauge.
Two positioning pins 26 are arranged at the bottom of the pinboard 23, and positioning holes matched with the positioning pins 26 are arranged on the wall body of the spring tube 1, so that the pinboard can still maintain a stable position after being installed each time, and errors are reduced.
The strain gauge 22 is a thin paper sheet, the strain gauge 22 is arranged to cover the bullet hole 21, one side of the strain gauge 22 is pulled by the strain gauge 24, and the other side of the strain gauge is fixedly arranged by the fixing piece 25. The fixing piece 25 is a bolt, the bolt is screwed on the plugboard and is communicated with the concave cavity 27, one side of the thin paper sheet is fixed, the thin paper sheet is tightened and generates a certain tensioning force, when the projectile passes through, the impact force can enable the thin paper sheet to trigger the strain gauge to generate a strain signal, meanwhile, the thin paper sheet is easy to obtain and cheap, the use is convenient, a large amount of thin paper sheets are suitable for being used in experiments, and the impact force of the projectile can easily break the thin paper sheet, so that the speed of the projectile is prevented from being disturbed or lost. Moreover, the thin paper sheet completely covers the bullet hole 21, and can prevent the smoke or flash at the exit of the bullet tube from interfering with other areas in the bullet tube.
As shown in fig. 4, the strain gauge 24 is transversely disposed at one side of the opening in the cavity 27, and the strain gauge 24 and two inner walls of the cavity 27 are disposed at a gap, the strain gauge 24 and the inner walls of the cavity form two gaps 30, one side of the strain gauge 22 can be inserted into one of the gaps 30, and the other side of the strain gauge 22 is bent and then inserted into the other gap 30. The strain gauge is convenient to install, simple in structure and good in triggering effect.
As shown in fig. 5, further, a light hole 230 is formed in a wall of the board 23 facing to one side of the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the light hole 230 is communicated with the cavity 27. The light hole 230 is used for passing the laser light in the light hole 3, and enabling the laser light to reach the strain gauge, so as to ensure the accuracy of ranging.
A method of laser speed measuring system for speed of bullet, comprising: setting an impulse triggering sensing device close to an ejection opening of the elastic tube, setting a secondary laser speed measuring device close to an ejection opening of the elastic tube, setting a primary laser speed measuring device between the impulse triggering sensing device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, emitting laser through a laser excitation module, and splitting emitted light through a first spectroscope and a second spectroscope to enable the laser light to pass through each light path; the distance between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary speed measuring device and the distance between the impulse triggering sensing devices are respectively measured through a distance meter;
after the shot is launched, the induction device is triggered by impulsive force, the timing unit is triggered to start timing at the same time, and then the shot sequentially passes through the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the timing unit is sequentially timed step by step to obtain three time values and time intervals; and the processing unit is used for carrying out data processing according to the time interval and the distance measured by the distance meter, and calculating the acceleration and the speed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A laser speed measuring system for the speed of a projectile is characterized in that: the device comprises an elastic tube (1), an impulse triggering induction device (2) arranged near an emission port of the elastic tube, a secondary laser speed measuring device arranged near the emission port of the elastic tube, a primary laser speed measuring device arranged between the impulse triggering induction device (2) and the secondary laser speed measuring device, a distance meter (4), a timing unit (12) and a processing unit (11), wherein the distance meter (4) is respectively arranged between the impulse triggering induction device (2) and the primary laser speed measuring device and between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, the signal input end of the timing unit (12) is respectively connected with the signal output end of the impulse triggering induction device (2), the signal output end of the primary laser speed measuring device and the signal output end of the secondary laser speed measuring device, the signal output end of the timing unit (12) is connected with the signal input end of the processing unit (11), and the signal output end of the impulse triggering induction device (2) is connected with the signal input end of a laser excitation module contained by the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device;
the secondary laser speed measuring device comprises a laser excitation module (7), a second beam splitter (9) and a second photoelectric conversion module (10), wherein the laser excitation module (7) is arranged on the bullet tube (1), the emitted laser ray of the laser excitation module (7) is perpendicular to the flight path of the bullet, the second photoelectric conversion module (10) is arranged on the bullet tube wall opposite to the laser excitation module (7), and the second photoelectric conversion module (10) receives the emitted laser ray; the second beam splitter (9) is arranged at the emitting end of the laser excitation module (7), the second beam splitter (9) divides the emitted light into two mutually perpendicular emergent light beams, one beam faces the second photoelectric conversion module (10), and the other beam faces the impulse triggering sensing device (2) and the primary laser speed measuring device;
the primary laser speed measuring device comprises a first spectroscope (5) and a first photoelectric conversion module (13), wherein the first spectroscope (5) and the first photoelectric conversion module (13) are respectively arranged on the elastic tube (1) at a parallel interval with the second spectroscope (9) and the second photoelectric conversion module (10), the first spectroscope (5) is arranged on an emergent ray path after the second spectroscope (9) splits light, the first spectroscope (5) splits the split emergent ray into two mutually perpendicular emergent rays, one beam faces the first photoelectric conversion module (13), and the other beam faces the impulse triggering sensing device (2);
the impact triggering induction device (2) comprises a plugboard (23), a strain gauge (24) and a strain gauge (22), wherein the plugboard (23) is detachably inserted into the bullet tube (1), a bullet hole (21) for a bullet (14) to pass through is formed in the plugboard (23), a concave cavity (27) with at least one side open is formed in the plugboard (23), and the concave cavity (27) is perpendicular to the flight direction of the bullet (14); the strain gauge (24) and the strain gauge (22) are arranged in the concave cavity (27), the strain gauge (22) is connected with the strain gauge (24), at least a part of the area on the strain gauge (22) stretches into the bullet hole (21), and the bullet (14) touches the strain gauge (22) and generates a strain signal when passing through the bullet hole (21); the strain gauge (24) is connected with the timing unit (12).
2. The laser speed measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the inside logical unthreaded hole (3) of having seted up of wall of bullet pipe (1), logical unthreaded hole (3) set up along the length direction of bullet pipe (1), just the both ends of logical unthreaded hole (3) are set up with second beam splitter (9), impulse triggering induction system (2) relatively respectively.
3. The laser speed measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the strain trigger piece (22) is a thin paper piece, the strain trigger piece (22) covers the bullet hole (21) and is arranged, one side of the strain trigger piece (22) is pulled with the strain piece (24), and the other side of the strain trigger piece is fixedly arranged through the fixing piece (25).
4. A laser speed measurement system for projectile velocity as described in claim 3 wherein: the strain gauge (24) is transversely arranged on one side of an opening in the concave cavity (27), the strain gauge (24) and two inner walls of the concave cavity (27) are arranged in a clearance mode, the strain gauge (24) and the inner walls of the concave cavity form two gaps (30), one side of the strain trigger gauge (22) can be inserted into one gap (30), and the other side of the strain trigger gauge is inserted into the other gap (30) after being bent.
5. The laser speed measurement system of claim 1, wherein: a light hole (230) is formed in the wall body, facing one side of the secondary laser speed measuring device, of the plug board (23), and the light hole (230) is communicated with the concave cavity (27).
6. A method of measuring projectile velocity using the laser velocimetry system of claim 1, characterized by: setting an impulse triggering sensing device close to an ejection opening of the elastic tube, setting a secondary laser speed measuring device close to an ejection opening of the elastic tube, setting a primary laser speed measuring device between the impulse triggering sensing device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, emitting laser through a laser excitation module, and splitting emitted light through a first spectroscope and a second spectroscope to enable the laser light to pass through each light path; the distance between the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device and the distance between the impulse triggering sensing devices are respectively measured through a distance meter;
after the shot is launched, the induction device is triggered by impulsive force, the timing unit is triggered to start timing at the same time, and then the shot sequentially passes through the primary laser speed measuring device and the secondary laser speed measuring device, and the timing unit is sequentially timed step by step to obtain three time values and time intervals; and the processing unit is used for carrying out data processing according to the time interval and the distance measured by the distance meter, and calculating the acceleration and the speed.
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| WO2020082365A1 (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Speed measuring method, speed measuring apparatus, toy gun, mobile robot, and control system |
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