CN103777034A - Two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device - Google Patents
Two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device. The two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device comprises an emitting module and a receiving module. The emitting module comprises a single-frequency laser source (1), a beam splitter prism (2), a mobile beam splitting plate (3), a transmission type diffraction grating (5), a grating frame (6), a grating frame moving guide rail (4), a reflecting mirror (8), a reflecting mirror bracket (9), a reflecting mirror bracket moving guide rail (7), a horizontal moving table (10), a rotary table (11) and a vertical moving guide rail (12). The receiving module comprises a receiving lens (15), a probe (16) and a signal processing module (17), and is separated from the entire device. The two-dimensional point range type laser Doppler speed measurement device has the advantages of being capable of achieving measurement of the instantaneous speed of projectiles, solving the problem of misalignment caused by ballistic deflection when a single-point differential type Doppler system carries out measurement, and being high in system measurement accuracy, stable in structure and easy to adjust.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to velocity survey field, relate in particular to a kind of two-dimentional point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device of measuring High-velocity Projectiles instantaneous velocity.
Background technology
In prior art, bullet goes out the speed after thorax, and the assessment etc. of the design of bullet thrust, trajectory and weapon being injured to effect all has great importance.Meanwhile, be also necessary links and the important indicator of the qualified examination of product, therefore the accurate measurement of velocity of shot is had to important researching value.
The velocity survey that bullet goes out after thorax mainly contains contact type measurement and non-contact measurement two classes.Contact type measurement comprises: copper mesh target, foil target, copper wire inertia target etc.The advantage such as that contact measurement method has is simple in structure, easily manufactured, antijamming capability is strong.But its maximum shortcoming is the trajectory that can affect flyer, contact measurement method complicated operation in addition, efficiency is low and cannot realize running fire measurement, can not meet the testing requirement of modern bullet.The advantages such as at present, using is more contactless measurement, and when measurement, bullet does not contact with target surface, does not therefore affect projectile flight speed and attitude, has efficiency high, reproducible.Common are: coil target, High Speed Photography, GPS test the speed, sky, light curtain target etc.
1) coil target: in external environment, be easy to be subject to magnetic interference, affect the reliability and stability of velocity-measuring system, and cannot carry out velocity survey to the bullet of non-magnetic induction material surface.
2) High Speed Photography: according to recorded information interpretation speed estimation error, but high-speed photography device belongs to optical mechanical apparatus, the problems such as compared with electrooptical device, volume is large, complex operation, easy vibrations, and also successive image is processed more complicated.
3) GPS tests the speed: there is higher real-time and Single-point velocity determination precision, and the calculation of complex but GPS tests the speed, and be not suitable for the occasion that precision is higher.
4) sky: it is background that its advantage is take the canopy of the heavens, and system architecture is simple, effectively target surface is large, can realize noncontact, running fire, multidirectional measurement.But because its light source is natural light, therefore affected by environment larger, cannot measure in weak at night and the natural light such as overcast and rainy, even at fine day, the light that bullet enters sky generation changes also very faint, therefore the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of sky is lower, easily produces erroneous judgement, especially in the time measuring small-bore bullet, can produce and fail to judge.
5) light curtain target: its advantage is to use laser instrument as light source, is not therefore subject to the impact of surround lighting, and system architecture simple and stable.
Sky and light curtain target, the speed of its measurement is all the speed average of bullet through a segment distance, therefore the precision of larger its measurement of acceleration of bullet is lower.Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) can be realized the measurement of bullet instantaneous velocity, and its measuring accuracy is high, is particularly useful for the velocity of shot that acceleration is higher and measures.But it is little that this system is surveyed volume, there will be because the deviation of trajectory makes system and survey failed situation when measurement.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing in order to overcome prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of two-dimentional point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device, a two-dimentional point range search coverage that this measurement mechanism has utilized single-frequency laser, diffraction grating group and catoptron set constructor, can adjust the spacing of measuring point range according to the size of bullet bore, realize the expansion of investigative range, solved the problem that single-point differential doppler velocity-measuring system can cannot be aimed at because of the disturbance of bullet in the time measuring.
The one two dimension point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device that the present invention proposes, this device comprises transmitter module and receiver module, wherein:
Transmitter module comprises single-frequency laser source 1, Amici prism 2, removable light splitting piece 3, transmission-type diffraction grating 5, grating frame 6 and grating frame moving guide rail 4, catoptron 8, reflector mount 9 and reflector mount moving guide rail 7, moves horizontally platform 10, universal stage 11 and vertical moving guide rail 12;
Transmission-type diffraction grating 5 is fixed on grating frame 6, realizes moving cooperation with grating frame 6 and grating frame moving guide rail 4, and its upper-lower position is adjustable; Catoptron 8 is fixed on reflector mount 9, reflector mount 9 coordinates with reflector mount moving guide rail 7 is moving, on reflector mount 9, be furnished with positioning screw and can realize the azimuthal adjusting of the angle of pitch and left and right of catoptron, make every group of diffraction light in same plane on the one hand, on the other hand the angle that intersects light beam is finely tuned, make it reach consistent; Reflector mount moving guide rail 7 is fixed on universal stage 11, can change the crossing angle of light beam by the rotation of universal stage; Universal stage 11 is fixed on and moves horizontally on platform 10; Moving horizontally platform 10 is placed in cross one another vertical moving guide rail 12, moves horizontally on 13 two moving guide rails of guide rail, two moving guide rails are fixed on the base plate 14 of device, can make to move horizontally platform 10 carry out within the specific limits coarse adjustment by two moving guide rails;
Laser beam produces the approximately equalised parallel coherent light of multi beam light intensity by Amici prism 2 and removable light splitting piece 3, and these parallel coherent lights are projected respectively on corresponding transmission-type diffraction grating 5, produces many group diffraction lights; Adjustment moves horizontally platform 10, makes catoptron 8 receive diffraction light, completes initial alignment; Then fixing horizontal transfer table 10 regulate the angle of universal stage 11, makes the diffraction light reflecting through catoptron 8 intersect a certain position in space, forms the detecting area of a two dimension;
Receiver module comprises receiver lens 15, detector (APD) 16 and signal processing module 17, this module and device overall separation.
Described detecting area is surveyed volume array by many groups and is formed, and each group is surveyed body row and is all made up of multiple detection bodies; , the horizontal z axle investigative range of described detecting area is by surveying body number and single detection body length determines, and simultaneously adjacent two survey bodies sub-fraction overlay region; In addition, the spacing δ that surveys volume array in the longitudinal y axle two adjacent groups of detecting area is less than the diameter d in tested bullet cross section.
Described removable light splitting piece 3 can move up and down and have different splitting ratios.
Described grating frame 6, reflector mount 9 move on corresponding guide rail, coordinate the movement of light splitting piece jointly to complete the adjusting of surveying volume array group spacing.
Compared with prior art, the present invention, not reducing under the prerequisite of the measuring precision, has expanded investigative range; Not only can realize the measurement of bullet instantaneous velocity, also solve the problem of the mistake aligning causing because of ballistic deflection when single-point differential type doppler system is measured simultaneously.In addition, single-frequency laser makes the divergence of diffracted beams at different levels obtain effective inhibition, and the distributed frame of simultaneously surveying body also makes luminous energy obtain effective utilization, thereby provides guarantee for realizing high-precision long-range detection.The modularization of system architecture makes whole device more stable, reliable, regulates convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, single-frequency laser, 2, Amici prism, 3, removable light splitting piece, 4, grating frame moving guide rail, 5, transmission-type diffraction grating, 6, grating frame, 7, reflector mount moving guide rail, 8, catoptron, 9, reflector mount, 10, move horizontally platform, 11, universal stage, 12, vertical moving guide rail, 13, move horizontally guide rail, 14, base plate, 15, receiver lens, 16, detector, 17, signal processing module;
Fig. 2 is system search coverage point range structural representation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, whole device is divided into transmitter module T and receiver module R.
Transmitter module T comprises single-frequency laser source 1, Amici prism 2 and removable light splitting piece 3, transmission-type diffraction grating 5, grating frame 6 and grating frame moving guide rail 4, catoptron 8, reflector mount 9 and reflector mount moving guide rail 7, moves horizontally platform 10, universal stage 11 and vertical moving guide rail 12; Transmission-type diffraction grating 5 is fixed on grating frame 6, moves and coordinates with grating frame 6 grating frame moving guide rails 4, and its upper-lower position can regulate according to actual conditions; Catoptron 8 is fixed on reflector mount 9, reflector mount 9 coordinates with reflector mount moving guide rail 7 is moving, on reflector mount 9, be furnished with positioning screw and can realize the azimuthal adjusting of the angle of pitch and left and right of catoptron, can guarantee that every group of diffraction light is in same plane on the one hand, can finely tune the angle that intersects light beam on the other hand, make it reach consistent; Reflector mount moving guide rail 7 is fixed on universal stage 11, can change the crossing angle of light beam by the rotation of universal stage.
The course of work of this device is:
Laser beam produces the approximately equalised parallel coherent light of multi beam light intensity by Amici prism 2 and removable light splitting piece 3, and these parallel coherent lights are projected respectively on corresponding transmission-type diffraction grating 5, produces many group diffraction lights.Adjustment moves horizontally platform 10, makes catoptron 8 receive diffraction light, completes initial alignment.Then fixing horizontal transfer table 10 regulate the angle of universal stage 11, makes the diffraction light reflecting through catoptron 8 intersect a certain position in space, forms the detecting area of a two dimension.This detecting area is surveyed volume array by many groups and is formed, its structure is as shown in Figure 2: each group point range is all made up of multiple detection bodies, its laterally (z) investigative range by surveying body number and single detection body length determines, simultaneously adjacent two survey body sub-fraction overlay region, and this is for fear of dropout.In addition, the spacing δ that surveys volume array in longitudinal (y) two adjacent groups is less than the diameter d in tested bullet cross section, and as shown in position P1 in Fig. 2, the longitudinal extent of search coverage can be determined by position P2 in Fig. 2 and position P3.Therefore, the design of this structure can guarantee that bullet optional position in search coverage can both contact with a certain detection body through out-of-date, thereby has solved the problem that mistake that the detection body of single-point doppler system causes because of ballistic deflection with bullet surface is aimed at.
Receiver module R adopts the form with device overall separation, is so more convenient to the collection of scattered light, is also conducive to the adjustment of light path.Especially in the situation that search coverage expansion is larger, two groups of receiver modules can be set scattered light is carried out to independent collection, and two output signal timesharing are uploaded to computing machine process, final comparative selection degree good one as measurement result.Can effectively solve like this problem a little less than the reception light that single receiver module causes because of the scattering of bullet cambered surface diverse location.
Removable light splitting piece 3 can move up and down and have different splitting ratios, and the parallel coherent light of guaranteeing to incide in grating group with this has approximately equalised light intensity, can adjust point range group spacing in search coverage according to the bore of bullet simultaneously.
Grating frame, reflector mount can move on corresponding guide rail, thereby coordinate the movement of light splitting piece jointly to complete the adjusting of surveying volume array group spacing.
Claims (4)
1. a two-dimentional point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device, is characterized in that, this device comprises transmitter module and receiver module, wherein:
Transmitter module comprises single-frequency laser source (1), Amici prism (2), removable light splitting piece (3), transmission-type diffraction grating (5), grating frame (6) and grating frame moving guide rail (4), catoptron (8), reflector mount (9) and reflector mount moving guide rail (7), moves horizontally platform (10), universal stage (11 and vertical moving guide rail (12);
It is upper that transmission-type diffraction grating (5) is fixed on grating frame (6), realizes moving cooperation with grating frame (6) and grating frame moving guide rail (4), and its upper and lower position is adjustable; Catoptron (8) is fixed on reflector mount (9), reflector mount (9) coordinates with reflector mount moving guide rail (7) is moving, on reflector mount (9), be furnished with positioning screw and can realize the azimuthal adjusting of the angle of pitch and left and right of catoptron, make every group of diffraction light in same plane on the one hand, on the other hand the angle that intersects light beam is finely tuned, make it reach consistent; Reflector mount moving guide rail (7) is fixed on universal stage (on 11, can change the crossing angle of light beam by the rotation of universal stage; Universal stage (11) is fixed on and moves horizontally on platform (10); Moving horizontally platform (10) is placed in cross one another vertical moving guide rail (12), moves horizontally on (13) two moving guide rails of guide rail, two moving guide rails are fixed on the base plate (14) of device, can make to move horizontally platform (10) carry out within the specific limits coarse adjustment by two moving guide rails;
Laser beam produces the approximately equalised parallel coherent light of multi beam light intensity by Amici prism (2) and removable light splitting piece (3), these parallel coherent lights is projected respectively to corresponding transmission-type diffraction grating (5) upper, produces many group diffraction lights; Adjustment moves horizontally platform (10), makes catoptron (8) receive diffraction light, completes initial alignment; Then fixing horizontal transfer table (10) regulate the angle of universal stage (11), makes to intersect a certain position in space through the diffraction light of catoptron (8) reflection, forms the detecting area of a two dimension;
Receiver module comprises receiver lens (15), detector (16) and signal processing module (17), this module and device overall separation.
2. two-dimentional point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described detecting area is surveyed volume array by many groups and formed, and each group is surveyed body row and is all made up of multiple detection bodies; , the horizontal z axle investigative range of described detecting area is by surveying body number and single detection body length determines, and simultaneously adjacent two survey bodies sub-fraction overlay region; In addition, the spacing δ that surveys volume array in the longitudinal y axle two adjacent groups of detecting area is less than the diameter d in tested bullet cross section.
3. two-dimentional point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described removable light splitting piece (3) can move up and down and have different splitting ratios.
4. two-dimentional point range formula laser-Doppler velocity measuring device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described grating frame (6), reflector mount (9) move on corresponding guide rail, coordinate the movement of light splitting piece jointly to complete the adjusting of surveying volume array group spacing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410031997.7A CN103777034B (en) | 2014-01-22 | 2014-01-22 | Two-dimensional points column laser-Doppler velocity measuring device |
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| CN201410031997.7A CN103777034B (en) | 2014-01-22 | 2014-01-22 | Two-dimensional points column laser-Doppler velocity measuring device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105806153A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 西安工业大学 | Laser projectile simulation launching device and laser projectile simulation launching control method |
| CN107817361A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-03-20 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of interfering type shell speed measuring device and its speed-measuring method |
| CN108061812A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-22 | 西安工业大学 | The laser velocimeter system and its method of a kind of velocity of shot |
| CN109521222A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | A method of improving laser velocimeter precision |
| CN112964903A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-15 | 北京市计量检测科学研究院(北京市能源计量监测中心) | Laser Doppler speed measuring device with three-coordinate precision positioning |
| RU2790640C1 (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-02-28 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулёва" | Way of measuring the initial velocity of high-speed projectiles with a laser fibre-optic system |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105806153A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 西安工业大学 | Laser projectile simulation launching device and laser projectile simulation launching control method |
| CN107817361A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-03-20 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of interfering type shell speed measuring device and its speed-measuring method |
| CN108061812A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-22 | 西安工业大学 | The laser velocimeter system and its method of a kind of velocity of shot |
| CN107817361B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2023-06-23 | 西安工业大学 | Interference type shell speed measuring device and speed measuring method thereof |
| CN108061812B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2023-07-14 | 西安工业大学 | Laser speed measuring system and method for speed of projectile |
| CN109521222A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | A method of improving laser velocimeter precision |
| CN109521222B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-12-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Method for improving laser speed measurement precision |
| CN112964903A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-15 | 北京市计量检测科学研究院(北京市能源计量监测中心) | Laser Doppler speed measuring device with three-coordinate precision positioning |
| CN112964903B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2023-03-10 | 北京市计量检测科学研究院(北京市能源计量监测中心) | Laser Doppler speed measuring device with three-coordinate precision positioning |
| RU2790640C1 (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-02-28 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулёва" | Way of measuring the initial velocity of high-speed projectiles with a laser fibre-optic system |
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| CN103777034B (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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