CN106013034B - Saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument - Google Patents
Saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN106013034B CN106013034B CN201610526245.7A CN201610526245A CN106013034B CN 106013034 B CN106013034 B CN 106013034B CN 201610526245 A CN201610526245 A CN 201610526245A CN 106013034 B CN106013034 B CN 106013034B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/027—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument, including support (23), shaking platform (18), glass scales rotating cylinder (66), electric rotating machine (60) and the water filling part being fixed on shaking platform (18).Shaking platform does horizontal direction vibration by the control of the first Loading Control platform；Vertical direction vibration is done by the control of the second Loading Control platform；It is pervious concrete that glass scales rotating cylinder (66), which is included with graduated barrel, coaxial big hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8), its material,；It is the machine shaft (4) for the electric rotating machine (60) for stretching out cylinder bottom in the middle part of glass scales rotating cylinder (66)；Soil sample groove (9) is formed between the inwall of hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and the outer wall of small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8) greatly, inwall posts filter paper (6) in soil sample groove (9).The present invention can more precisely simulate weak soil seepage consolidation characteristic under dynamic loading.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument, more particularly to a kind of can be counted according to the seepage discharge of water
Calculate the seepage instrument of the saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient under oscillatory load and centrifugal action.
Background technology
Soil body penetration characteristic is the importance of Characteristics of Geotechnical Engineering research, and measurement soil body penetration characteristic index is infiltration system
Number, the experimental provision of existing measurement infiltration coefficient mainly have constant head darcy flow instrument and varying head darcy flow instrument, the experiment
Instrument has the advantages that accuracy height, technology maturation to sand gas permeability measurement.
But saturated soft soil has, and moisture content is high, compressibility is high, void ratio is high, bearing capacity is low, infiltration is small " three high two is low "
Characteristic, its seepage flow often shows non-darcy flow characteristic.Using existing constant head darcy flow instrument and varying head darcy
Seepage instrument will cause result to deviate engineering reality to weak soil gas permeability measurement, can not instruct geotechnical engineering investigation, it is more likely that
Huge loss is brought to geotechnical engineering design, construction.
Quickly grown with the traffic engineering such as continuous quickening, subway, railway, highway of city process, China it is built and
The High Speed Rail Projects built rank the first in the world.Geotechnical engineering investigation more pays close attention to different frequency dynamic load to Technical Characteristics of Mild Clay
With pollutant in soil under migration problem, especially dynamic load and centrifugation coupling in weak soil seepage characteristic problem, at present still
Using existing constant head darcy flow instrument and varying head darcy flow instrument to weak soil gas permeability measurement, with engineering practice not
Symbol, can not simulating pollution thing how to be migrated in soil, lack corresponding experimental provision.
So people start increasingly to pay close attention to the research to weak soil seepage characteristic, and theoretical research and engineering experience are accumulated
Achievement in research be applied to engineering practice in.
Centrifugal machine model trial is by internationally recognized to be that research rock-soil dynamics problem is most effective, state-of-the-art scientific experimentation
Platform.Columbia Univ USA in 1931 develops the geotechnical centrifuge that First radius in the world is 0.25m, 19 generation first
Record the beginning of the seventies, geotechnical centrifuge develops in succession in American and Britain, the Soviet Union, method, Deng states, develops turntable type centrifuge, basket-hanging
Centrifuge and drum centrifuge, China start to pay attention to power Centrifuge Techniques the eighties in 19th century, and nineteen eighty-two is by the Changjiang river science
Referred to as, maximum centrifugal acceleration reaches 300g, capacity 150g-t effective radiuses 3m for research institute.Up to now, China possesses more than 20
Desk centrifuge.Test model can truely and accurately reflect condition and the behavior of prototype, need to meet between model and prototype several
What three primary condition of similar, kinematic similitude and dynamic similitude law, i.e., corresponding between the similarity criterion and parameter of each parameter
Rapport.Hypothetical model is using leiomyoma cells (comprising pore media etc.), under the conditions of centrifugal acceleration Ng, based on power from
Heart simulated test principle, " similar three theorem " and equilibrium equation, the similar of each physical parameter between model and prototype can be derived
The factor, although the laboratory apparatus can calculate weak soil infiltration coefficient, complex operation, it is impossible to manual control horizontally and vertically two sides
To oscillatory load size and frequency.
2010, the novel and multifunctional permeameter and Darcy's law experimental teaching that Tongji University develops can more preferable simulations
Seepage flow in nature in double-deck or aquifer with multilayer structure, although the instrument considers different permeating mediums, seepage direction,
But it is not particularly suited for the measurement of weak soil dynamic coefficient of permeability.
2012, American Association of Engineers, centrifugation seepage instrument is have developed for unsaturated soil, by simulating NrUnder the conditions of g
The Penetration Signature of unsaturated soil, according to the anti-infiltration coefficient for pushing away unsaturated soil under physical condition of the principle of similitude.Although the instrument energy
Enough accurate unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient and simulating pollution thing migration problems in soil that calculates are simulated, but the laboratory apparatus
The weak soil infiltration coefficient under different frequency or combination of frequency dynamic loading can not be simulated.
Existing laboratory apparatus tends not to manual control difference fixed frequency or combination frequency dynamic load, weak soil infiltration
Coefficient is difficult accurate measurement.
The content of the invention
Weak soil seepage consolidation characteristic under dynamic loading can be more precisely simulated it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument.Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument, including support 23, shaking platform 18, the first Loading Control platform and second
Loading Control platform, glass scales rotating cylinder 66, the electric rotating machine 60 being fixed on shaking platform 18 and water filling part.
The side of shaking platform 18 is connected by horizontal spring 2 with support 23, and opposite side passes through the first rigid rod 27 and
The steel column 39 of one Loading Control platform is fixedly connected, and horizontal direction vibration is done by the control of the first Loading Control platform；
The bottom of shaking platform 18 is connected by uprighting spring 22 with support 23, and the bottom of shaking platform 18 is by middle position
Put and be fixedly connected by the second rigid rod 32 with the steel column 39 of the second Loading Control platform, it is vertical to be done by the control of the second Loading Control platform
Direction vibrates；
Glass scales rotating cylinder 66 is included with graduated barrel, coaxial big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 and small open circles
Post permeable stone 8, its material are pervious concrete；The middle part of glass scales rotating cylinder 66 is the electricity for the electric rotating machine 60 for stretching out cylinder bottom
Machine rotating shaft 4；Soil sample groove 9 is formed between the inwall of big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 and the outer wall of small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, in soil
The inwall of sample groove 9 posts filter paper 6, and is placed with saturation soil sample；By with graduated barrel and the big outer wall of hollow cylinder permeable stone 20
The cavity of formation is referred to as collecting-tank 3；
Water filling part includes cistern 10 and glass scales cylinder 64, between small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8 and machine shaft 4
Cavity 21 is connected with the cistern 10 being disposed below, and cistern 10 is connected by water pipe 12 with glass scales cylinder 64, glass
The position of dial drum 64 is higher than glass scales rotating cylinder 66 so that the water in glass scales cylinder 64 smoothly flows into glass rotating scale
Cylinder 66；Machine shaft 4 is driven the soil sample of the soil sample groove 9 in rotary glass scale rotating cylinder 66 to do by the driving of electric rotating machine 60
Centrifugal motion.
Preferably, described saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument, the structure phase of two Loading Control platforms
Together, including first piston cylinder 36, first piston 35, second piston cylinder 37, second piston 38, sink box 42, steel column 39, displacement pass
Sensor, computer；
The bottom of first piston cylinder 36 is connected with the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the first pipeline reaches the water in sink box 42
In, the second pipeline is connected with the bottom of second piston cylinder 37, and the first check valve is respectively arranged with the first pipeline and the second pipeline
40 and second check valve 41；
Second piston cylinder 37 is connected by the 3rd pipeline with regulating valve 24 with the aqueous phase in sink box 42；
Second piston 38 in second piston cylinder 37 is fixedly connected with steel column 39, by the position of displacement sensor steel column 39
Move, displacement measurement is admitted to computer, shows the motion conditions of steel column 39 on screen by computer；
Master controller drives the reciprocal fortune of first piston 35 in first piston cylinder 36 by frequency converter 25 and piston motor 11
It is dynamic；
When first piston 35 moves upwards, under pressure, the water in sink box 42 passes through in the first pipeline
One check valve 40 moves upwards, enters first piston cylinder 36；When first piston 35 moves downward, the water in first piston cylinder 36
Second piston cylinder 37 is entered by the second check valve 41 in the second pipeline, lifting second piston 38 is moved upwards；When first
When water in piston cylinder 36 is all pressed into second piston cylinder 37, by 24 beginning of main controller controls regulating valve degree, control the
The water consumption of the reclaimed water of two piston cylinder 37 release, reaches the control to steel column 39, makes steel column 39 downward according to certain velocity magnitude
Motion.
The present invention using above technical scheme due to having advantages below：It is 1st, of the invention using saturated soft soil as research object,
Can under real simulation dynamic loading weak soil seepage consolidation characteristic, the infiltration coefficient calculated and land movement value are trueer
It is real effective；2nd, the present invention relates to a kind of seepage apparatus of closing, water yield parameter, Δ Q and time Δ t and glass scales are passed through
Two number of degrees h of cylinder1、h2, the loss of flood peak and infiltration coefficient are just can determine that, parameter is few, convenient；3rd, it is of the invention by shake table and centrifugation
Machine is combined together, it can be considered that the influence of vibration and centrifugation coupling effect to saturated soft soil Penetration Signature, shake table and tension and compression
Loader, spring are connected, simple and easy.In a word, structure setting of the invention is simple, conveniently；Determine saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient
It is more accurate, it is closer to truth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument shaking platform connection figure；
Fig. 2 is that saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument first, second vibrates tension and compression Loading Control schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument seepage flow connection figure
Fig. 4 is saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage calculation schematic diagram；
1, drive rod in figure；2nd, the first spring；3rd, collecting-tank；4th, machine shaft；5th, relief valve；6th, filter paper；8th, it is small hollow
Cylinder permeable stone；9th, soil sample groove；10th, tank；11st, piston motor；12nd, water pipe；17th, rotary electromechanical switches；18th, vibration is flat
Platform；20th, big hollow cylinder permeable stone；21st, cavity；22nd, second spring；23rd, support；24th, regulating valve；25th, frequency converter；27th,
One rigid rod；32nd, the second rigid rod；35th, first piston；36th, first piston cylinder；37th, second piston cylinder；38th, second piston；
39th, steel column；40th, the first check valve；41st, the second check valve；42nd, sink box；60th, electric rotating machine；61st, rotary barrel base；64th, glass
Glass dial drum；66th, glass scales rotating cylinder.
Embodiment
To further appreciate that the invention, features and effects of the present invention, following examples are now enumerated, and coordinate accompanying drawing detailed
Carefully it is described as follows：
Saturated soft soil Centrifugal vibration seepage instrument in the saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument of the present invention includes shaking platform
18, glass scales rotating cylinder 66, electric rotating machine 60 and water filling part.
In Fig. 1, the side of shaking platform 18 is connected by horizontal spring 2 with support 23, and opposite side passes through the first rigidity
Bar 27 is fixedly connected with the steel column 39 of the first Loading Control platform, and horizontal direction vibration is done by the control of the first Loading Control platform；Vibration
The bottom of platform 18 is connected by uprighting spring 22 with support, and the middle part of shaking platform 18 is added by the second rigid rod 32 and second
The steel column 39 for carrying console is fixedly connected, and vertical direction vibration is done by the control of the second Loading Control platform；It is solid on shaking platform 18
Surely there is electric rotating machine 60,
In fig. 2, the structure of two Loading Control platforms is identical, including drive rod 1, frequency converter 25, piston motor 11, and first
Piston cylinder 36, first piston 35, the first check valve 40, sink box 42, the second check valve 41, second piston cylinder 37, second piston
38, steel column 39, regulating valve 24.Operation principle：Alternating current steady voltage plug is opened, by main controller controls frequency converter 25, so as to change
Become the rotary speed of piston motor 11, the drive rod 1 that is connected with piston motor 11 drives first piston in first piston cylinder 36
35 reciprocating motion；When first piston 35 moves upwards, and under pressure, the water in sink box 42 passes through the first pipeline
In the first check valve 40 move upwards, enter first piston cylinder 36；When first piston 35 moves downward, first piston cylinder 36
In water second piston cylinder 37 is entered by the second check valve 41 in the second pipeline, and lift second piston 38, and drive
Steel column 39 moves upwards.When the water in first piston cylinder 36 is all pressed into second piston cylinder 37, pass through main controller controls
24 beginning of regulating valve degree, the water consumption of the reclaimed water release of control second piston cylinder 37, reaches the control to steel column 39, make steel column 39 by
Moved downward according to certain speed；Displacement transducer is connected with steel column 39, and when in the motion process of steel column 39, displacement transducer is by steel
Post 39 moves back and forth signal and is input in computer.In a computer, steel column 39 can be observed whether according to sine wave, rectangular wave
Moved with triangular wave.The structure of two Loading Control platforms is identical, and steel column 39 passes through the first rigid rod 27 and second respectively
Rigid rod 32 is with the right side of shaking platform 18 and beneath rigidly connected, so as to realize that horizontally and vertically tension and compression are vibrated.
In figure 3, glass scales rotating cylinder 66 is included with graduated barrel, the coaxial big and of hollow cylinder permeable stone 20
Small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, its material are pervious concrete；The middle part of glass scales rotating cylinder 66 turns to stretch out the motor of cylinder bottom
Axle 4；Saturation soil sample is placed between big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 and small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, and in the internal diameter of soil sample
With filter paper 6 is sticked at external diameter surface.
Water filling part mainly includes tank 10 and glass scales cylinder 64.In small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8 and machine shaft 4
Between cavity 21 be connected by water pipe 12, tank 10 with glass scales cylinder 64, the position of glass scales cylinder 64 is higher than glass
Scale rotating cylinder 66 so that the water in glass scales cylinder 64 smoothly flows into glass rotating scale cylinder 66；Machine shaft 4 is by electric rotating
The driving of machine 60 drives the soil sample of the soil sample groove 9 in rotary glass scale rotating cylinder 66 to do centrifugal motion.
In Fig. 4, saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument infiltration coefficient of the present invention calculates, according to collecting-tank water yield and when
Between obtain following two formula, one：Loading Control platform is only opened, motor Rotation Controllers is closed, has
Second, opening motor Rotation Controllers, Loading Control platform is closed or opened, is had
Wherein a=w2R=Nrg
Δ Q --- water yield (L)；
Δ t --- Seepage flow time；
λ --- weak soil seepage flow correction factor；
The angular speed that w --- electric rotating machine 60 rotates；
G --- acceleration of gravity；
ri--- distance of the center line of machine shaft 4 to small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8；
r0--- distance of the center line of machine shaft 4 to big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20；
R --- for machine shaft 4 center line to glass scales rotating cylinder 66 distance；
Nr--- likeness coefficient；
Pw--- pass through the pressure differential after soil sample.Pw=ρwgΔh；
ρw--- the density of water；
Glass scales cylinder numerical difference Δ h=h when Δ h --- the loss of flood peak, i.e. on-test and off-test1-h2；
Now by simulate dynamic load and centrifuge coupling under saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient experiment exemplified by, illustrate the present invention
Specifically used process, specific implementation step are as follows：
(1) after pilot system assembles according to accompanying drawing, the inner side of soil sample groove 9 is put into the filter paper 6 of dipped water first, and examine
Look into small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8 and whether big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 blocks, saturated soft soil sample is then put into soil sample again
Groove 9；
(2) glass scales cylinder 64 is placed on the position higher than rotating scale cylinder 66, cavity 21 is filled into water, read glass and carve
Spend the numerical value h of cylinder 641；
(3) shake table 18 is opened, the waveform of corresponding frequencies is selected by master console, and passes through the first Loading Control platform
The vibration in controlled level direction or the control vertical displacement of the second Loading Control platform, according to the motion of the steel column 39 of computer acquisition
Situation adjusts two Loading Control platform vibration frequencies.
(4) rotary electromechanical switches 17 are opened, rotary speed ω is determined by electric rotating machine；
(5) infiltration time Δ t is determined, and records the water yield Δ Q values of glass scales rotating cylinder 66, again reads off glass scales
Numerical value h2；
(6) by above-mentioned formula calculation permeability coefficient, experiment is terminated.
Although a certain embodiment of the present invention is described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is not limited to
Above-mentioned embodiment, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, is not limitation, this area it is general
Logical technical staff is under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, also
Many forms can be made, these are belonged within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument, including support (23), shaking platform (18), the first Loading Control platform and
Two Loading Control platforms, glass scales rotating cylinder (66), electric rotating machine (60) and the water filling part being fixed on shaking platform (18)；
The side of shaking platform (18) is connected by horizontal spring (2) with support (23), and opposite side passes through the first rigid rod (27)
It is fixedly connected with the steel column (39) of the first Loading Control platform, horizontal direction vibration is done by the control of the first Loading Control platform；
The bottom of shaking platform (18) is connected by uprighting spring (22) with support (23), and the bottom of shaking platform (18) is by centre
Position be fixedly connected by the second rigid rod (32) with the steel column (39) of the second Loading Control platform, by the second Loading Control platform control
Manufacture vertical direction vibration；
Glass scales rotating cylinder (66) is included with graduated barrel, coaxial big hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and small open circles
Post permeable stone (8), its material are pervious concrete；It is the electric rotating machine of stretching cylinder bottom in the middle part of glass scales rotating cylinder (66)
(60) machine shaft (4)；Big shape between the inwall of hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and the outer wall of small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8)
Into soil sample groove (9), in soil sample groove (9), inwall posts filter paper (6), and is placed with saturation soil sample；By with graduated barrel and greatly
The cavity that hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) outer wall is formed is referred to as collecting-tank (3)；
Water filling part includes cistern (10) and glass scales cylinder (64), small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8) and machine shaft (4) it
Between cavity (21) be connected with the cistern (10) being disposed below, cistern (10) passes through water pipe (12) and glass scales cylinder
(64) it is connected, the position of glass scales cylinder (64) is higher than glass scales rotating cylinder (66) so that the water in glass scales cylinder (64)
Smoothly flow into glass rotating scale cylinder (66)；Machine shaft (4) is driven the rotation of rotary glass scale by the driving of electric rotating machine (60)
The soil sample of soil sample groove (9) in rotating cylinder (66) does centrifugal motion.
2. saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the knot of two Loading Control platforms
Structure is identical, including first piston cylinder (36), first piston (35), second piston cylinder (37), second piston (38), sink box
(42), steel column (39), displacement transducer, computer,
The bottom of first piston cylinder (36) is connected with the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the first pipeline reaches the water in sink box (42)
In, the second pipeline is connected with the bottom of second piston cylinder (37), and it is unidirectional to be respectively arranged with first in the first pipeline and the second pipeline
Valve (40) and the second check valve (41)；
Second piston cylinder (37) is connected by the 3rd pipeline with regulating valve (24) with the aqueous phase in sink box (42)；
Second piston (38) in second piston cylinder (37) is fixedly connected with steel column (39), by displacement sensor steel column (39)
Displacement, displacement measurement is admitted to computer, shows the motion conditions of steel column (39) on screen by computer；
Master controller drives the past of first piston (35) in first piston cylinder (36) by frequency converter (25) and piston motor (11)
Multiple motion；
When first piston (35) moves upwards, under pressure, the water in sink box (42) passes through in the first pipeline
One check valve (40) moves upwards, enters first piston cylinder (36)；When first piston (35) moves downward, first piston cylinder
(36) water in enters second piston cylinder (37), lifting second piston (38) by the second check valve (41) in the second pipeline
Motion upwards；When the water in first piston cylinder (36) is all pressed into second piston cylinder (37), adjusted by main controller controls
Valve (24) beginning degree is saved, the water consumption of control second piston cylinder (37) reclaimed water release, reaches the control to steel column (39), makes steel column
(39) moved downward according to certain velocity magnitude.
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| CN201610526245.7A CN106013034B (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | Saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument |
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| CN106013034B true CN106013034B (en) | 2018-03-23 |
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| CN109596501B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2023-08-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Roof seepage test device and method under influence of dynamic load |
| CN113155681B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2024-09-06 | 西安石油大学 | Device for simulating action of seepage force on rock by utilizing centrifugal force and experimental method |
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| JPS6233920A (en) * | 1985-08-07 | 1987-02-13 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Method and apparatus for measuring water permeability |
| JP2000028513A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-28 | Yoshitaka Oguri | Simple measuring device for air permeability of soil |
| CN103344538B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-01-06 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of unsaturated soil Multifunctional permeameter and method of testing thereof |
| CN204314189U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-06 | 上海大学 | The chamber of a kind of water level controllable type percolation model |
| CN205839726U (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-28 | 天津大学 | Saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument |
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Address after: 300350 Haijing garden, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan, Tianjin, 135, Tianjin University. Patentee after: Tianjin University Address before: 300072 Tianjin City, Nankai District Wei Jin Road No. 92 Patentee before: Tianjin University |