CN109596501B - Roof seepage test device and method under influence of dynamic load - Google Patents
Roof seepage test device and method under influence of dynamic load Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596501B CN109596501B CN201910086762.0A CN201910086762A CN109596501B CN 109596501 B CN109596501 B CN 109596501B CN 201910086762 A CN201910086762 A CN 201910086762A CN 109596501 B CN109596501 B CN 109596501B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
A roof seepage test device and method under the influence of dynamic load belong to the technical field of mining engineering. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load comprises an experiment tank body, a shaft pressure system, a confining pressure system, a large seepage system, a dynamic load system, an external frame and a control system, wherein the control system comprises a confining pressure controller, a shaft pressure controller, a large seepage controller, a dynamic load controller and a data collector, the test method of the roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load comprises the steps of firstly adhering a strain gauge on the side wall of a roof sample and embedding a vibration sensor, secondly, installing the roof sample, thirdly, preparing before applying confining pressure, fourthly, water saturation and air discharge before the large seepage test, fifthly, starting the test and collecting data, sixthly, resetting and releasing pressure, seventh, and disassembling the roof sample. The roof seepage test device and method under the influence of dynamic load can collect data of the roof sample when axial pressure, confining pressure, dynamic load and large seepage water supply are applied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, in particular to a roof seepage test device and method under the influence of dynamic load.
Background
Water is widely distributed in coal formations and is generally classified into pressurized water and free water. The original rock stress state of the rock mass is damaged by tunnel excavation and tunneling, the structure and occurrence form of the rock mass are changed in the stress adjustment process, the flow of tunnel roof water is easy to cause, and if the water pressure and the water quantity are large, water burst accidents can be caused. The research shows that in the roof water seepage process, the strength of roof rocks is weakened, the strength of supporting bodies is reduced, and the deformation instability of the tunnel roof is easy to induce.
At present, the seepage research tendency is mostly research from microcosmic development of physical and mechanical property changes of a rock mass or soil mass internal water migration path and a local area in the water migration process. Because of the influence of the scaling and the size of a research object, the fragile region with the primary cracks and the stable region with relatively complete and compact physical and mechanical properties of the whole top plate are difficult to develop and research the seepage condition of the top plate and the overall stability of the top plate under the influence of external power, and the conventional research cannot obtain the cooperative change of the fragile region and the stable region at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a roof seepage test device and method under the influence of dynamic load, which can collect data of a roof sample when axial pressure, confining pressure, dynamic load and large seepage water supply are applied, study the influence range and weakening degree of a fragile area of a roof in a water-rich section, which is dominated by primary cracks, summarize the rule between the crack form and the influence range and weakening degree, and further develop the influence of destabilization and damage to the whole stability of the outer edge stable area and the roof under the influence of continuous seepage and sudden dynamic load.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
the top plate seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load comprises an experiment tank body, a shaft pressure system, a confining pressure system, a large seepage system, a dynamic load system, an external frame and a control system;
the top of the experiment tank body is provided with a water outlet, the bottom of the experiment tank body is provided with a water inlet, the lower part of the side wall of the experiment tank body is provided with a first through hole, the upper part of the side wall of the experiment tank body is provided with a second through hole, the inside of the experiment tank body is provided with a top plate sample, a crack is arranged in the top plate sample, the side wall of the top plate sample is provided with a strain gauge and a vibration sensor, the upper part of the top plate sample is provided with an upper protection plate, the lower part of the top plate sample is provided with a lower protection plate, the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate are respectively provided with a through groove opposite to the crack, the upper protection plate is provided with an upper infiltration pressurization plate, the lower protection plate and the upper infiltration pressurization plate are respectively provided with corresponding infiltration holes, the upper infiltration pressurization plate and the lower infiltration pressurization plate are respectively provided with a infiltration plate water diversion joint, the infiltration plate water diversion joint of the upper infiltration pressurization plate is connected with the water outlet through a metal water pipe, the upper protection plate, the upper pressurization plate, the strain gauge and the vibration sensor, the whole rubber diaphragm and the vibration sensor are wrapped by the whole;
The axial pressure system comprises an upper loading piston, a loading jack, a lower loading piston and a pressure sensor, wherein the upper loading piston is arranged above an upper infiltration pressurizing plate and is connected with the top of the experimental tank body through a spool bearing, the loading jack is arranged above the upper loading piston, the lower loading piston is arranged below the lower infiltration pressurizing plate and is connected with the bottom of the experimental tank body through a spool bearing, and the pressure sensor is arranged below the lower loading piston;
the oil return air pump is arranged between the fifth stop valve and the third stop valve, and is communicated with the third confining pressure pipeline through a fourth confining pressure pipeline, and a fourth stop valve is arranged on the fourth confining pressure pipeline;
The large seepage system comprises a water collecting tank, a water inlet pump set, an overflow valve, a water inlet water pressure sensor, a water outlet water pressure sensor, a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter, wherein the water collecting tank is communicated with a water inlet through a first seepage pipeline, the first seepage pipeline is provided with the overflow valve and the water inlet pump set, the overflow valve is arranged at one side close to the water inlet, the overflow valve is communicated with the water collecting tank through a second seepage pipeline, the water inlet water pressure sensor is arranged at the water inlet, the water outlet is respectively communicated with the water collecting tank through a third seepage pipeline and a fourth seepage pipeline, the third seepage pipeline is provided with the first flowmeter and a sixth stop valve, the fourth seepage pipeline is provided with the second flowmeter and a seventh stop valve, and one sides of the third seepage pipeline and the fourth seepage pipeline close to the water outlet are simultaneously connected with the water outlet water pressure sensor;
the dynamic load system comprises a dynamic load telescopic arm and a track base, wherein the upper part of the dynamic load telescopic arm is connected with the bottom of the experimental tank body, and the track base is arranged below the dynamic load telescopic arm and is connected with the dynamic load telescopic arm through a plurality of ball rows;
the outer frame is arranged around the experimental tank body, the upright posts of the outer frame are connected with the track base through assembling positioning nuts, a plurality of height-adjusting screws are arranged on the upright posts of the outer frame, the height-adjusting screws are connected with the side wall of the experimental tank body, and the bottom of the outer frame is connected with the track base through ball rows;
The control system comprises a confining pressure controller, a shaft pressure controller, a large seepage flow controller, a dynamic load controller and a data acquisition device, wherein the confining pressure controller is connected with an oil inlet pump set, the shaft pressure controller is connected with a loading jack, the large seepage flow controller is connected with an overflow valve, the dynamic load controller is connected with a dynamic load telescopic arm, and the data acquisition device is respectively connected with a strain gauge and a vibration sensor.
The top plate sample is of a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the top plate sample is 30-45 cm, the height of the top plate sample is 10-15 cm, the opening of the crack is 0.5-2.0 mm, and the included angle between the crack and the horizontal direction is 65-90 degrees.
The strain gauge and the vibration sensor are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the same horizontal height of the side wall of the top plate sample, and the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the top plate sample are respectively provided with the strain gauge and the vibration sensor.
The upper protection plate and the lower protection plate are made of plastic waterproof materials, the opening degree of the through groove is the same as that of the crack, and the depth of the through groove is 2.0mm.
The bottom of the experiment tank body is provided with a data line hole, the strain gauge and the vibration sensor are connected with the data collector through data lines, and the data lines penetrate through the data line hole.
The middle of track base top is equipped with recess one, the flexible arm bottom of dynamic load is equipped with the arch that corresponds with the recess one of track base, the recess one of track base passes through the ball row with the arch of the flexible arm bottom of dynamic load and is connected, be equipped with recess two around the track base top, recess two passes through the ball row with the flexible arm bottom of dynamic load and is connected, the side of track base is equipped with recess three, the recess three passes through the ball row with the bottom of external frame and is connected.
The first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are arranged on one side close to the water collecting tank, the measuring range of the first flowmeter is 1000 ml/s-20000 ml/s, and the measuring range of the second flowmeter is 0.5 ml/s-5000 ml/s.
The top of the upper infiltration pressurization plate is provided with an upper pressurization plate groove corresponding to the upper loading piston, and the bottom of the lower infiltration pressurization plate is provided with a lower pressurization plate groove corresponding to the lower loading piston.
The lateral wall of the test tank body is connected with the bottom of the test tank body through a buckle, and a buckle lantern ring is arranged outside the buckle.
The test method of the roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a strain gauge and a buried vibration sensor are stuck to the side wall of a top plate sample, the strain gauge and the vibration sensor are respectively arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the top plate sample, and the strain gauge and the vibration sensor on the same horizontal plane are arranged at intervals;
installing a top plate sample, fixing an external frame with a track base by using an assembly positioning nut, enabling through grooves of an upper protection plate and a lower protection plate to be opposite to cracks of the top plate sample respectively, enabling the upper protection plate to correspond to seepage holes of the upper osmosis pressurizing plate, enabling the lower protection plate to correspond to seepage holes of the lower osmosis pressurizing plate, wrapping the upper osmosis pressurizing plate, the upper protection plate, the top plate sample, the lower protection plate and the lower osmosis pressurizing plate by using an oil-proof rubber film after being aligned in sequence, integrally placing the oil-proof rubber film on a lower loading piston, enabling a groove of the lower pressurizing plate of the lower osmosis pressurizing plate to correspond to the lower loading piston, enabling a strain gauge and a vibration sensor to be connected with a data collector through data lines respectively, enabling a diversion joint of the upper osmosis pressurizing plate and a diversion joint of the lower osmosis pressurizing plate to be connected with a metal pressure-bearing water pipe respectively, adjusting a height-adjusting screw on the external frame to lower the experimental tank body, enabling the metal pressure-bearing water pipe to be connected with a corresponding water inlet or a water outlet, inserting a buckle into a joint of the experimental tank body and the bottom of the experimental tank, and putting down the buckle after aligning the buckle;
Step three, preparing before confining pressure is applied, firstly opening a first stop valve, closing a second stop valve, opening a third stop valve, closing a fourth stop valve, opening a fifth stop valve, starting an oil inlet pump set, enabling a hydraulic oil tank to charge hydraulic oil into an experimental tank body through a first through hole, providing radial confining pressure for a top plate sample, enabling the hydraulic oil to flow out through the second through hole after the experimental tank body is filled with the hydraulic oil, enabling the hydraulic oil to flow back into the hydraulic oil tank through the third stop valve and the fifth stop valve until the second through hole no longer eliminates bubbles, temporarily stopping the operation of the oil inlet pump set after confirming that air in the experimental tank body is exhausted, closing the first stop valve, closing the third stop valve and the fifth stop valve after the second through hole no longer overflows oil due to pressure, and opening the first stop valve;
step four, water saturation and air exhaust are carried out before the large seepage test, after the axle pressure and the confining pressure are prepared, a water inlet pump set is started to carry out water saturation and air exhaust on a top plate sample in the experimental tank body, water supply of the large seepage system enters the experimental tank body from a water inlet and flows out from a water outlet until the water outlet is not overflowed with bubbles, and the water inlet pump set is temporarily closed;
step five, starting a test and collecting data, controlling a loading jack to apply axial pressure to a top plate sample through an axial pressure controller, recording the axial pressure in the loading process in real time through a pressure sensor, controlling an oil inlet pump group to apply confining pressure to the top plate sample through a confining pressure controller, displaying confining pressure in the loading process through the confining pressure controller, recording deformation of the top plate sample in real time through a strain gauge, controlling an overflow valve to conduct large seepage water supply to the top plate sample through a large seepage controller, displaying water inlet flow of a water inlet, recording water pressure of the water inlet through a water inlet pressure sensor, recording water pressure of a water outlet through a water outlet pressure sensor, recording the water outlet flow of the water outlet through the first flowmeter or the second flowmeter, dismantling the assembly positioning nut after the axle pressure, the confining pressure, the deformation of the top plate sample, the water inlet water flow, the water inlet water pressure, the water outlet water flow and the water outlet water pressure are relatively stable, controlling the dynamic load telescopic arm to apply dynamic load to the experimental tank body through the dynamic load controller, recording the acceleration of the top plate sample in the dynamic load direction when the dynamic load is applied through the vibration sensor, and simultaneously, collecting the axle pressure, the confining pressure, the deformation of the top plate sample, the water inlet water flow, the water inlet water pressure, the water outlet water flow and the water outlet water pressure by the control system when the dynamic load is applied;
Resetting and releasing pressure, resetting a movable load telescopic arm through a movable load controller after the experiment is finished, reinstalling an assembly positioning nut, keeping a track base and an experiment tank relatively static, stopping a loading jack to apply axial pressure and shrink the lower surface of the track base and the experiment tank body so as not to contact an upper loading piston, stopping the operation of a water inlet pump set, opening an overflow valve to naturally drain water stored in a top plate sample, stopping the operation of the water inlet pump set, closing a first stop valve, opening a fifth stop valve and a third stop valve, firstly enabling hydraulic oil with pressure to flow back into a hydraulic oil tank through a second through hole, opening the second stop valve, closing the fifth stop valve, opening a fourth stop valve in sequence after the oil overflows stably, starting an oil return air pump, enabling air to enter the experiment tank body through the second through hole, enabling hydraulic oil in the experiment tank body to return into the hydraulic oil tank through the first through hole and the second stop valve, closing the oil return air pump after confirming that no hydraulic oil flows out again, and closing all the stop valves after the air pressure is stable, and checking;
and step seven, disassembling the top plate sample, sequentially taking down the buckle lantern ring, removing the buckle, lifting the experimental tank body by the heightening screw after the experiment is finished, taking down the top plate sample and removing the oil-separation rubber film.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the roof seepage test device and method under the influence of dynamic load, through the four test systems of the axial pressure system, the confining pressure system, the dynamic load system and the large seepage water supply, the large seepage coupling test of the primary penetrating fracture roof under the influence of tunneling construction, blasting, rock burst, earthquakes and the like can be carried out, data of roof samples when the axial pressure, the confining pressure, the dynamic load and the large seepage water supply are applied can be collected simultaneously, compression deformation simulation of broken rock bodies of the coal seam roof is realized, the influence of geological disturbance on the primary fracture structure evolution of the roof and the influence on water blocking capability in the coal seam exploitation process can be effectively recognized and revealed, and a theoretical basis is provided for the study of the technical safety of tunnel construction under deep water-containing geological conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a top plate sample placement provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the experimental tank provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the experimental tank provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic load system provided by the present invention.
1, a hydraulic oil tank; 2. an oil return air pump; 3. an oil inlet pump group; 4. a confining pressure controller; 5-1, a first stop valve; 5-2, a second stop valve; 5-3, a third stop valve; 5-4, a fourth stop valve; 5-5, a fifth stop valve; 5-6, a sixth stop valve; 5-7, a seventh stop valve; 6. a first through hole; 7. a second through hole; 8. an axle pressure controller; 9. loading a jack; 10. a water collection tank; 11. a water inlet pump group; 12. an overflow valve; 13. a large seepage controller; 14-1, a water inlet pressure sensor; 14-2, a water outlet pressure sensor; 15-1, a first flow meter; 15-2, a second flowmeter; 16. a water inlet; 17. a water outlet; 18. an experiment tank body; 19. a track base; 20. an outer frame; 21. heightening the spiral; 22. assembling a positioning nut; 23. a ball row; 24. a dynamic load telescopic arm; 25. a dynamic load controller; 26. a top plate sample; 27. a slit; 28-1, an upper protective plate; 28-2, a lower protective plate; 29-1, upper osmotic compression plate; 29-2, a lower osmotic compression plate; 30. a water diversion joint of the osmosis plate; 31. a metal pressure-bearing water pipe; 32. an oil-separating rubber membrane; 33. a strain gage; 34. a pressure sensor; 35. a wire bearing; 36-1, loading a piston; 36-2, lower loading piston; 37. a buckle; 38. a snap collar; 40. a data line hole; 41. a data collector.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," "sixth," "seventh," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured with," "connected," and the like, are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides a top plate seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load, which comprises an experiment tank 18, a shaft pressure system, a confining pressure system, a large seepage system, a dynamic load system, an external frame 20 and a control system;
the top of the experiment tank 18 is provided with a water outlet 17, the bottom of the experiment tank 18 is provided with a water inlet 16, the lower part of the side wall of the experiment tank 18 is provided with a first through hole 6, the upper part of the side wall of the experiment tank 18 is provided with a second through hole 7, the inside of the experiment tank 18 is provided with a top plate sample 26, a crack 27 is arranged in the top plate sample 26, the side wall of the top plate sample 26 is provided with a strain gauge 33 and a vibration sensor, the upper part of the top plate sample 26 is provided with an upper protection plate 28-1, the lower part of the top plate sample 26 is provided with a lower protection plate 28-2, the upper protection plate 28-1 and the lower protection plate 28-2 are respectively provided with a through groove opposite to the crack 27, the upper part of the upper protection plate 28-1 is provided with an upper penetration pressurizing plate 29-1, the lower part of the lower protection plate 28-2 is provided with a lower penetration pressurizing plate 29-2, the upper protection plate 28-1 and the upper infiltration pressurization plate 29-1 are respectively provided with corresponding infiltration holes, the lower protection plate 28-2 and the lower infiltration pressurization plate 29-2 are respectively provided with corresponding infiltration holes, the upper infiltration pressurization plate 29-1 and the lower infiltration pressurization plate 29-2 are respectively provided with an infiltration plate water diversion joint 30, the infiltration plate water diversion joint 30 of the upper infiltration pressurization plate 29-1 is connected with the water outlet 17 through a metal pressure-bearing water pipe 31, the infiltration plate water diversion joint 30 of the lower infiltration pressurization plate 29-2 is connected with the water inlet 16 through a metal pressure-bearing water pipe 31, and the whole outer parts of the upper infiltration pressurization plate 29-1, the upper protection plate 28-1, the top plate sample 26, the lower protection plate 28-2, the lower infiltration pressurization plate 29-2, the strain gauge 33 and the vibration sensor wrap an oil-proof rubber membrane 32;
The axial pressure system comprises an upper loading piston 36-1, a loading jack 9, a lower loading piston 36-2 and a pressure sensor 34, wherein the upper loading piston 36-1 is arranged above the upper osmotic pressure plate 29-1 and is connected with the top of the experimental tank 18 through a wire bearing 35, the loading jack 9 is arranged above the upper loading piston 36-1, the lower loading piston 36-2 is arranged below the lower osmotic pressure plate 29-2 and is connected with the bottom of the experimental tank 18 through the wire bearing 35, and the pressure sensor 34 is arranged below the lower loading piston 36-2;
the confining pressure system comprises a hydraulic oil tank 1, an oil inlet pump group 3 and an oil return air pump 2, wherein the hydraulic oil tank 1 is communicated with a first through hole 6 through a first confining pressure pipeline and a second confining pressure pipeline respectively, the hydraulic oil tank 1 is communicated with a second through hole 7 through a third confining pressure pipeline, the first confining pressure pipeline is provided with the oil inlet pump group 3 and a first stop valve 5-1, the second confining pressure pipeline is provided with a second stop valve 5-2, the third confining pressure pipeline is provided with a fifth stop valve 5-5 and a third stop valve 5-3, the fifth stop valve 5-5 is arranged on one side close to the hydraulic oil tank 1, the oil return air pump 2 is arranged between the fifth stop valve 5-5 and the third stop valve 5-3 and is communicated with the third confining pressure pipeline through a fourth confining pressure pipeline, and the fourth stop valve 5-4 is arranged on the fourth confining pressure pipeline;
The large seepage system comprises a water collecting tank 10, a water inlet pump group 11, an overflow valve 12, a water inlet water pressure sensor 14-1, a water outlet water pressure sensor 14-2, a first flowmeter 15-1 and a second flowmeter 15-2, wherein the water collecting tank 10 is communicated with a water inlet 16 through a first seepage pipeline, the overflow valve 12 and the water inlet pump group 11 are arranged on the first seepage pipeline, the overflow valve 12 is arranged at one side close to the water inlet 16, the overflow valve 12 is communicated with the water collecting tank 10 through a second seepage pipeline, the water inlet water pressure sensor 14-1 is arranged at the water inlet 16, a water outlet 17 is respectively communicated with the water collecting tank 10 through a third seepage pipeline and a fourth seepage pipeline, the third seepage pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter 15-1 and a sixth stop valve 5-6, the fourth seepage pipeline is provided with a second flowmeter 15-2 and a seventh stop valve 5-7, the first flowmeter 15-1 and the second flowmeter 15-2 are arranged at one side close to the water collecting tank 10, the measuring range of the first flowmeter 15-1 is 1000 ml/s-20000 ml/s, the measuring range of the first flowmeter 15-1 is 0 ml/s-20000 ml/s, the measuring range of the second flowmeter 15-2 ml/s is 0.5ml/s, and the measuring range of the second flowmeter is close to the water outlet water pressure sensor is connected with the water outlet port 2 at one side of the fourth seepage pipeline is 5000 ml/s;
the dynamic load system comprises a dynamic load telescopic arm 24 and a track base 19, wherein the upper part of the dynamic load telescopic arm 24 is connected with the bottom of the experimental tank 18, and the track base 19 is arranged below the dynamic load telescopic arm 24 and is connected with the dynamic load telescopic arm 24 through a plurality of ball rows 23;
The outer frame 20 is arranged around the experiment tank 18, the upright posts of the outer frame 20 are connected with the track base 19 through assembling positioning nuts 22, a plurality of height-adjusting screws 21 are arranged on the upright posts of the outer frame 20, the height-adjusting screws 21 are connected with the side wall of the experiment tank 18, the bottom of the outer frame 20 is connected with the track base 19 through ball rows 23, lifting of the experiment tank 18 is regulated by the height-adjusting screws 21 on the outer frame 20, and in an experiment preparation stage, the outer frame 20 is connected with the track base 19 through assembling positioning nuts 22 so as to ensure the integral stability of the preparation stage;
the control system comprises a confining pressure controller 4, an axial pressure controller 8, a large seepage flow controller 13, a dynamic load controller 25 and a data collector 41, wherein the confining pressure controller 4 is connected with an oil inlet pump group 3, the axial pressure controller 8 is connected with a loading jack 9, the large seepage flow controller 13 is connected with an overflow valve 12, the dynamic load controller 25 is connected with a dynamic load telescopic arm 24, and the data collector 41 is respectively connected with a strain gauge 33 and a vibration sensor.
In this embodiment, the control system adopts an EDC all-digital measurement and control device, and the EDC all-digital measurement and control device has a plurality of measurement channels, can perform closed-loop control on any channel, and can perform uninterrupted conversion on the control channel in the test, can perform independent work, and can also perform work under the control of a computer, by controlling the roof sample 26 through the confining pressure controller 4, the shaft pressure controller 8, the large seepage controller 13, the dynamic load controller 25 and the data collector 41 in the EDC all-digital measurement and control device. In this embodiment, a certain gap is formed between the upper loading piston 36-1 and the loading jack 9 when not in operation, and the loading jack is not in contact with the upper loading piston. The oil feed pump unit 3 is disposed at a side close to the hydraulic oil tank 1. As shown in fig. 3, the first through hole 6 is a hole for feeding oil into the experimental tank 18 or returning oil into the hydraulic oil tank 1, and the second through hole 7 is an oil spilling hole or an air inlet hole of the experimental tank 18. The loading jack 9 is fixedly arranged at the top of the experimental tank 18. The pressure sensor 34 is disposed in the upper middle of the dynamic load telescopic arm 24. The permeate sheet water diversion joint 30 of the upper permeate pressurizing sheet 29-1 corresponds to the position of the water outlet 17 and is connected with the water inlet 16 through a metal pressure-bearing water pipe 31, the permeate sheet water diversion joint 30 of the lower permeate pressurizing sheet 29-2 corresponds to the position of the water inlet 16 and is connected with the water inlet through the metal pressure-bearing water pipe 31, the strain gauge 33 adopts a KYOWA waterproof strain gauge 33, and the vibration sensor adopts a DK2250 integrated vibration sensor.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the experimental tank 18 is connected with the moving load telescopic arm 24 through a bolt, the moving load telescopic arm 24 contacts with the track base 19 through the ball row 23, so as to ensure that the experimental tank 18 can smoothly follow the moving load telescopic arm 24 to vibrate when moving load is applied, the track base 19 is connected with the moving load telescopic arm 24 through the ball row 23, that is, the upper surface of the track base 19 is not directly contacted with the lower surface of the moving load telescopic arm 24, but only connected through the ball row 23, the outer frame 20 is also connected with the track base 19 through the ball row 23, the width of the groove two of the track base 19 is 1mm wider than the row width of the ball row 23, so as to ensure that the experimental tank 18 cannot topple over, the distance between the outer frame 20 and the track base 19 is 1mm, so as to maintain the overall stability of the system, the track base 19 is a square three-dimensional structure, and the outer frame 20 is a square three-dimensional frame corresponding to the track base 19.
In this example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the top plate sample 26 has a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 30-45 cm and a height of 10-15 cm, the opening of the slit 27 is 0.5-2.0 mm, and the angle between the slit 27 and the horizontal direction is 65-90 °. The upper protective plate 28-1 and the lower protective plate 28-2 are made of plastic waterproof materials, the opening degree of the through groove is the same as that of the slit 27, the depth is 2.0mm, the upper protective plate 28-1 and the lower protective plate 28-2 are respectively provided with a through groove opposite to the slit 27, the upper protective plate 28-1 and the upper infiltration pressurizing plate 29-1 are respectively provided with corresponding infiltration holes, and the lower protective plate 28-2 and the lower infiltration pressurizing plate 29-2 are respectively provided with corresponding infiltration holes to form a water passing passage. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the strain gauge 33 and the vibration sensor are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the same level of the side wall of the top plate specimen 26, and the strain gauge 33 and the vibration sensor are respectively provided at the upper, middle and lower parts of the side wall of the top plate specimen 26. The bottom of the experimental tank 18 is provided with a data line hole 40, the strain gauge 33 and the vibration sensor are connected with a data collector 41 through data lines, and the data lines penetrate through the data line hole 40.
In this example, the top of the experimental tank 18 is provided with an upper loading piston connecting hole, the upper loading piston 36-1 passes through the upper loading piston connecting hole and is connected with the upper loading piston connecting hole through a wire bearing 35, the bottom of the experimental tank 18 is provided with a lower loading piston connecting hole, the lower loading piston 36-2 passes through the lower loading piston connecting hole and is connected with the lower loading piston connecting hole through the wire bearing 35, the top of the upper osmotic pressure plate 29-1 is provided with an upper pressure plate groove corresponding to the upper loading piston 36-1, the bottom of the lower osmotic pressure plate 29-2 is provided with a lower pressure plate groove corresponding to the lower loading piston 36-2, the corresponding sizes of the upper pressure plate groove and the upper loading piston 36-1 are the same, and the corresponding sizes of the lower pressure plate groove and the lower loading piston 36-2 are the same, so as to ensure that the upper loading piston 36-1 and the lower loading piston 36-2 smoothly transmit shaft pressure. As shown in fig. 2, the side wall of the test tank body is connected with the bottom of the test tank body through a buckle 37, and a buckle collar 38 is arranged outside the buckle 37. In this embodiment, the lateral wall of the experiment jar body 18 is connected with the bottom of the experiment jar body 18 through the buckle 37, and the experiment jar body 18 is in the installation or demolish roof sample 26 in-process, through adjusting the height-adjusting screw 21 that is connected with the lateral wall of the experiment jar body 18 on the external frame 20 and realizing the lift of the experiment jar body 18, after the experiment jar body 18 descends to the bottom of the experiment jar body 18, insert the buckle 37 and put down the buckle lantern ring 38 in the buckle 37 outside, take down the buckle lantern ring 38 in proper order after the experiment is finished, remove the buckle 37, demolish roof sample 26 after promoting the experiment jar body 18.
As shown in fig. 5, a groove one is formed in the middle of the top of the track base 19, a protrusion corresponding to the groove one of the track base 19 is formed at the bottom of the dynamic load telescopic arm 24, the groove one of the track base 19 is connected with the protrusion of the bottom of the dynamic load telescopic arm 24 through a ball row 23, a groove two is formed around the top of the track base 19, the groove two is connected with the bottom of the dynamic load telescopic arm 24 through a ball row 23, a groove three is formed on the side surface of the track base 19, and the groove three is connected with the bottom of the outer frame 20 through a ball row 23.
The test method of the roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a strain gauge 33 and a buried vibration sensor are stuck to the side wall of a top plate sample 26, the strain gauge 33 and the vibration sensor are respectively arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the top plate sample 26, and the strain gauge 33 and the vibration sensor on the same horizontal plane are arranged at intervals;
step two, mounting a top plate sample 26, firstly fixing an external frame 20 and a track base 19 by using an assembly positioning nut 22, enabling through grooves of an upper protection plate 28-1 and a lower protection plate 28-2 to be opposite to a slit 27 of the top plate sample 26 respectively, enabling the upper protection plate 28-1 and a seepage hole of an upper seepage pressurizing plate 29-1 to correspond, enabling the lower protection plate 28-2 and the seepage hole of the lower seepage pressurizing plate 29-2 to correspond respectively, enabling an oil separation rubber film 32 to wrap the upper seepage pressurizing plate 29-1, the upper protection plate 28-1, the top plate sample 26, the lower protection plate 28-2 and the lower seepage pressurizing plate 29-2 after being aligned in sequence, integrally placing the oil separation rubber film 32 on the lower loading piston 36-2, enabling a lower pressurizing plate groove of the lower seepage pressurizing plate 29-2 to correspond to the lower loading piston 36-2, enabling a strain gauge 33 and a vibration sensor to be connected with a data collector 41 respectively through data lines, enabling a seepage plate connector 30 of the upper seepage pressurizing plate 29-1 and the lower seepage pressurizing plate 29-2 to be connected with a metal pressure-bearing water pipe 31 respectively, adjusting a height-adjusting screw 21 on the external frame 20 to descend, enabling a water inlet pipe 18 to be connected with a corresponding water inlet port 18 and a water inlet port 18 of an experiment tank 18 to be connected with a water inlet port 18, and a bottom portion of an experiment buckle body 18 to be connected with a bottom portion of an experiment cup 18, and a bottom portion of an experiment tank 18, and a bottom portion of an experiment tank body 18;
Step three, preparing before confining pressure is applied, firstly opening a first stop valve 5-1, closing a second stop valve 5-2, opening a third stop valve 5-3, closing a fourth stop valve 5-4, opening a fifth stop valve 5-5, starting an oil inlet pump set 3, enabling a hydraulic oil tank 1 to charge hydraulic oil into an experimental tank body 18 through a first through hole 6 for providing radial confining pressure for a top plate sample 26, after the experimental tank body 18 is filled with hydraulic oil, enabling the hydraulic oil to flow out through a second through hole 7, enabling the hydraulic oil to flow back into the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the third stop valve 5-3 and the fifth stop valve 5-5 until bubbles are not discharged through the second through hole 7 any more, stopping the operation of the oil inlet pump set 3 temporarily after confirming that air in the experimental tank body 18 is discharged, closing the first stop valve 5-1, closing the third stop valve 5-3 and the fifth stop valve 5-5 after the second through hole 7 is no longer overflowed by pressure, and opening the first stop valve 5-1;
step four, water saturation and air exhaust are carried out before the large seepage test, after the axle pressure and the confining pressure are prepared, the water inlet pump set 11 is started, water saturation and air exhaust are carried out on the top plate sample 26 in the experimental tank body 18, water supply of the large seepage system enters the experimental tank body 18 from the water inlet 16 and flows out from the water outlet 17 until the water outlet 17 is not overflowed with bubbles, and the water inlet pump set 11 is temporarily closed;
step five, starting a test and collecting data, controlling a loading jack 9 to apply an axial pressure to a roof sample 26 through an axial pressure controller 8, recording the axial pressure in the loading process in real time through a pressure sensor 34, controlling an oil inlet pump set 3 to apply the confining pressure to the roof sample 26 through a confining pressure controller 4, displaying the confining pressure in the loading process through the confining pressure controller 4, recording the deformation quantity of the roof sample 26 in real time through a strain gauge 33, controlling an overflow valve 12 to carry out large-seepage water supply on the roof sample 26 through a large-seepage controller 13, displaying the water inlet inflow rate through a water inflow pressure sensor 14-1, recording the water outlet water pressure through a water outlet water pressure sensor 14-2, recording the water outlet water outflow rate through a first flowmeter 15-1 or a second flowmeter 15-2, and assembling a positioning nut 22 after the axial pressure, the water inlet water inflow rate, the water outlet water outflow rate and the water outlet water outflow rate are relatively stable, controlling a dynamic load expansion arm 24 to apply a load to an experiment tank body 18 through a dynamic load controller 25, and simultaneously controlling the dynamic load 26 in the direction of the dynamic load sensor, the water inflow rate and the water inflow rate of the water outlet, and the water inflow rate of the water outflow rate of the roof sample;
Resetting and releasing pressure, resetting a movable load telescopic arm 24 through a movable load controller 25 after the experiment is finished, reinstalling an assembly positioning nut 22, keeping a track base 19 and an experiment tank 18 relatively still, stopping a loading jack 9 to apply axial pressure and shrink the lower surface of the track base and the experiment tank 18 so as not to contact an upper loading piston 36-1, stopping a water inlet pump set 11 to work, opening an overflow valve 12 to naturally drain water stored in a top plate sample 26, stopping an oil inlet pump set 3 to work, closing a first stop valve 5-1, opening a fifth stop valve 5-5 and a third stop valve 5-3, firstly enabling pressurized hydraulic oil to flow back into the hydraulic oil tank 1 through a second through hole 7, sequentially opening the second stop valve 5-2, closing the fifth stop valve 5-5, opening a fourth stop valve 5-4, starting an oil return air pump 2, enabling air to enter the experiment tank 18 through a second through hole 7 so as to enable the hydraulic oil to return into the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the first through hole 6 and the second stop valve 5-2, confirming that the hydraulic oil flows out again, closing the first through hole, and closing all the stop valves, and checking the air return pressure and stabilizing the stop valves after all the return pressure;
and step seven, disassembling the top plate sample 26, sequentially taking down the buckle lantern ring 38, removing the buckle 37, lifting the experiment tank 18 through the heightening screw 21 after the experiment is finished, taking down the top plate sample 26 and disassembling the oil-separation rubber membrane 32.
In actual use, roof samples 26 with different crack 27 parameters are replaced, the roof seepage test device is used for testing under the influence of a dynamic load, the axial pressure, confining pressure, deformation quantity, water inlet water inflow, water inlet water pressure, water outlet water outflow, water outlet water pressure and acceleration data of the roof samples 26 when the dynamic load is applied to the roof samples 26 are collected simultaneously in the test process, after the test is finished, the roof samples 26 are disassembled, the destructive deformation characteristics of the roof samples 26 are observed, an evolution model of the mutual coupling relation of the data is analyzed, and the influence mechanism of the opening degree and the inclination angle of the crack 27 on the roof stability and the water blocking capability recovery under the action of the dynamic load is quantitatively described and analyzed.
In this embodiment, in order to quantitatively study the influence of the geometry of the simulated waterproof roof primary fracture 27 on the seepage test, in order to facilitate the application of axial pressure and surrounding rock, the roof sample 26 is designed into a cylinder shape, a prefabricated fracture 27 with an up-down through opening of 0.5-2.0 mm and an inclination angle of 65-90 degrees is prefabricated in the roof sample to simulate the coal seam waterproof roof primary fracture 27, a layer of lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the inner side of a fracture sample mold, a prefabricated fracture steel plate is fixed, a prepared non-hydrophilic similar roof sample 26 material, preferably concrete is injected, after vibration is uniform, after the fracture 27 channel sample reaches a certain strength, the prefabricated fracture steel plate is pulled out, after initial setting for 24 hours, a mold is removed, the roof sample is placed into water for maintenance and saturation, strain gauges 33 are adhered to the side wall of the roof sample 26, vibration sensors are buried in the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the roof sample 26 are uniformly provided with strain gauges 33 and vibration sensors, and the strain gauges 33 and vibration sensors on the same horizontal plane are arranged at intervals.
In this example, the top plate sample 26 in the experiment tank 18 is subjected to water saturation and air exhaust before the large seepage test, namely, the top plate sample 26 is completely immersed in water and naturally saturated for 48 hours, the large seepage system water supply enters the experiment tank 18 from the water inlet 16 and flows out of the water outlet 17 until the water outlet 17 is not overflowing bubbles, the water inlet pump set 11 is temporarily closed, the overflow valve 12 is controlled by the large seepage controller 13 to supply water according to the preset water inflow amount, the water inlet pump set 11 is started, the part exceeding the water inflow amount passes through the overflow valve 12 and returns to the water collecting tank 10 again, a branch flow is separated before the water inlet 16 and flows through the water inlet water pressure sensor 14-1 to continuously collect data, the water supply flows out of the water outlet 17 after a passage is formed in the top plate sample prefabricated crack 27, the water flow is divided through the water outlet water pressure sensor 14-2, and flows into the first flow meter 15-1 and the second flow meter 15-2 which are connected in parallel, at the initial stage, the top plate test seepage flow is larger, at the moment, the sixth stop valve 5-6 is measured and the seventh stop valve 5-7 is closed, the water outlet crack water outlet flow is carried out by the first flow meter 15-1, the water outlet crack outlet flow is monitored, the part exceeding the water inflow flow is returned to the overflow valve 12, the water flow is continuously, the data is continuously monitored, the data is continuously collected by the flow meter is reduced, the load is reduced, and the water flow is reduced, and the flow is 5-out by the flow, and the flow meter 5-through the second flow meter is 5-2, is finally, and is measured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A test method of a roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load comprises the steps of an experimental tank body, a shaft pressure system, a confining pressure system, a large seepage system, a dynamic load system, an external frame and a control system;
the top of the experiment tank body is provided with a water outlet, the bottom of the experiment tank body is provided with a water inlet, the lower part of the side wall of the experiment tank body is provided with a first through hole, the upper part of the side wall of the experiment tank body is provided with a second through hole, the inside of the experiment tank body is provided with a top plate sample, a crack is arranged in the top plate sample, the side wall of the top plate sample is provided with a strain gauge and a vibration sensor, the upper part of the top plate sample is provided with an upper protection plate, the lower part of the top plate sample is provided with a lower protection plate, the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate are respectively provided with a through groove opposite to the crack, the upper protection plate is provided with an upper infiltration pressurization plate, the lower protection plate and the upper infiltration pressurization plate are respectively provided with corresponding infiltration holes, the upper infiltration pressurization plate and the lower infiltration pressurization plate are respectively provided with a infiltration plate water diversion joint, the infiltration plate water diversion joint of the upper infiltration pressurization plate is connected with the water outlet through a metal water pipe, the upper protection plate, the upper pressurization plate, the strain gauge and the vibration sensor, the whole rubber diaphragm and the vibration sensor are wrapped by the whole;
The axial pressure system comprises an upper loading piston, a loading jack, a lower loading piston and a pressure sensor, wherein the upper loading piston is arranged above an upper infiltration pressurizing plate and is connected with the top of the experimental tank body through a spool bearing, the loading jack is arranged above the upper loading piston, the lower loading piston is arranged below the lower infiltration pressurizing plate and is connected with the bottom of the experimental tank body through a spool bearing, and the pressure sensor is arranged below the lower loading piston;
the oil return air pump is arranged between the fifth stop valve and the third stop valve, and is communicated with the third confining pressure pipeline through a fourth confining pressure pipeline, and a fourth stop valve is arranged on the fourth confining pressure pipeline;
The large seepage system comprises a water collecting tank, a water inlet pump set, an overflow valve, a water inlet water pressure sensor, a water outlet water pressure sensor, a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter, wherein the water collecting tank is communicated with a water inlet through a first seepage pipeline, the first seepage pipeline is provided with the overflow valve and the water inlet pump set, the overflow valve is arranged at one side close to the water inlet, the overflow valve is communicated with the water collecting tank through a second seepage pipeline, the water inlet water pressure sensor is arranged at the water inlet, the water outlet is respectively communicated with the water collecting tank through a third seepage pipeline and a fourth seepage pipeline, the third seepage pipeline is provided with the first flowmeter and a sixth stop valve, the fourth seepage pipeline is provided with the second flowmeter and a seventh stop valve, and one sides of the third seepage pipeline and the fourth seepage pipeline close to the water outlet are simultaneously connected with the water outlet water pressure sensor;
the dynamic load system comprises a dynamic load telescopic arm and a track base, wherein the upper part of the dynamic load telescopic arm is connected with the bottom of the experimental tank body, and the track base is arranged below the dynamic load telescopic arm and is connected with the dynamic load telescopic arm through a plurality of ball rows;
the outer frame is arranged around the experimental tank body, the upright posts of the outer frame are connected with the track base through assembling positioning nuts, a plurality of height-adjusting screws are arranged on the upright posts of the outer frame, the height-adjusting screws are connected with the side wall of the experimental tank body, and the bottom of the outer frame is connected with the track base through ball rows;
The control system comprises a confining pressure controller, an axle pressure controller, a large seepage flow controller, a dynamic load controller and a data acquisition device, wherein the confining pressure controller is connected with an oil inlet pump group, the axle pressure controller is connected with a loading jack, the large seepage flow controller is connected with an overflow valve, the dynamic load controller is connected with a dynamic load telescopic arm, and the data acquisition device is respectively connected with a strain gauge and a vibration sensor;
the middle of the top of the track base is provided with a first groove, the bottom of the dynamic load telescopic arm is provided with a bulge corresponding to the first groove of the track base, the first groove of the track base is connected with the bulge of the bottom of the dynamic load telescopic arm through a ball row, the periphery of the top of the track base is provided with a second groove, the second groove is connected with the bottom of the dynamic load telescopic arm through a ball row, the side surface of the track base is provided with a third groove, and the third groove is connected with the bottom of the external frame through a ball row;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a strain gauge and a buried vibration sensor are stuck to the side wall of a top plate sample, the strain gauge and the vibration sensor are respectively arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the top plate sample, and the strain gauge and the vibration sensor on the same horizontal plane are arranged at intervals;
Installing a top plate sample, fixing an external frame with a track base by using an assembly positioning nut, enabling through grooves of an upper protection plate and a lower protection plate to be opposite to cracks of the top plate sample respectively, enabling the upper protection plate to correspond to seepage holes of the upper osmosis pressurizing plate, enabling the lower protection plate to correspond to seepage holes of the lower osmosis pressurizing plate, wrapping the upper osmosis pressurizing plate, the upper protection plate, the top plate sample, the lower protection plate and the lower osmosis pressurizing plate by using an oil-proof rubber film after being aligned in sequence, integrally placing the oil-proof rubber film on a lower loading piston, enabling a groove of the lower pressurizing plate of the lower osmosis pressurizing plate to correspond to the lower loading piston, enabling a strain gauge and a vibration sensor to be connected with a data collector through data lines respectively, enabling a diversion joint of the upper osmosis pressurizing plate and a diversion joint of the lower osmosis pressurizing plate to be connected with a metal pressure-bearing water pipe respectively, adjusting a height-adjusting screw on the external frame to lower the experimental tank body, enabling the metal pressure-bearing water pipe to be connected with a corresponding water inlet or a water outlet, inserting a buckle into a joint of the experimental tank body and the bottom of the experimental tank, and putting down the buckle after aligning the buckle;
step three, preparing before confining pressure is applied, firstly opening a first stop valve, closing a second stop valve, opening a third stop valve, closing a fourth stop valve, opening a fifth stop valve, starting an oil inlet pump set, enabling a hydraulic oil tank to charge hydraulic oil into an experimental tank body through a first through hole, providing radial confining pressure for a top plate sample, enabling the hydraulic oil to flow out through the second through hole after the experimental tank body is filled with the hydraulic oil, enabling the hydraulic oil to flow back into the hydraulic oil tank through the third stop valve and the fifth stop valve until the second through hole no longer eliminates bubbles, temporarily stopping the operation of the oil inlet pump set after confirming that air in the experimental tank body is exhausted, closing the first stop valve, closing the third stop valve and the fifth stop valve after the second through hole no longer overflows oil due to pressure, and opening the first stop valve;
Step four, water saturation and air exhaust are carried out before the large seepage test, after the axle pressure and the confining pressure are prepared, a water inlet pump set is started to carry out water saturation and air exhaust on a top plate sample in the experimental tank body, water supply of the large seepage system enters the experimental tank body from a water inlet and flows out from a water outlet until the water outlet is not overflowed with bubbles, and the water inlet pump set is temporarily closed;
step five, starting a test and collecting data, controlling a loading jack to apply axial pressure to a top plate sample through an axial pressure controller, recording the axial pressure in the loading process in real time through a pressure sensor, controlling an oil inlet pump group to apply confining pressure to the top plate sample through a confining pressure controller, displaying confining pressure in the loading process through the confining pressure controller, recording deformation of the top plate sample in real time through a strain gauge, controlling an overflow valve to conduct large seepage water supply to the top plate sample through a large seepage controller, displaying water inlet flow of a water inlet, recording water pressure of the water inlet through a water inlet pressure sensor, recording water pressure of a water outlet through a water outlet pressure sensor, recording the water outlet flow of the water outlet through the first flowmeter or the second flowmeter, dismantling the assembly positioning nut after the axle pressure, the confining pressure, the deformation of the top plate sample, the water inlet water flow, the water inlet water pressure, the water outlet water flow and the water outlet water pressure are relatively stable, controlling the dynamic load telescopic arm to apply dynamic load to the experimental tank body through the dynamic load controller, recording the acceleration of the top plate sample in the dynamic load direction when the dynamic load is applied through the vibration sensor, and simultaneously, collecting the axle pressure, the confining pressure, the deformation of the top plate sample, the water inlet water flow, the water inlet water pressure, the water outlet water flow and the water outlet water pressure by the control system when the dynamic load is applied;
Resetting and releasing pressure, resetting a movable load telescopic arm through a movable load controller after the experiment is finished, reinstalling an assembly positioning nut, keeping a track base and an experiment tank relatively static, stopping a loading jack to apply axial pressure and shrink the lower surface of the track base and the experiment tank body so as not to contact an upper loading piston, stopping the operation of a water inlet pump set, opening an overflow valve to naturally drain water stored in a top plate sample, stopping the operation of the water inlet pump set, closing a first stop valve, opening a fifth stop valve and a third stop valve, firstly enabling hydraulic oil with pressure to flow back into a hydraulic oil tank through a second through hole, opening the second stop valve, closing the fifth stop valve, opening a fourth stop valve in sequence after the oil overflows stably, starting an oil return air pump, enabling air to enter the experiment tank body through the second through hole, enabling hydraulic oil in the experiment tank body to return into the hydraulic oil tank through the first through hole and the second stop valve, closing the oil return air pump after confirming that no hydraulic oil flows out again, and closing all the stop valves after the air pressure is stable, and checking;
and step seven, disassembling the top plate sample, sequentially taking down the buckle lantern ring, removing the buckle, lifting the experimental tank body by the heightening screw after the experiment is finished, taking down the top plate sample and removing the oil-separation rubber film.
2. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load according to claim 1, wherein the roof sample is of a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the roof sample is 30-45 cm, the height of the roof sample is 10-15 cm, the opening of the crack is 0.5-2.0 mm, and the included angle between the crack and the horizontal direction is 65-90 degrees.
3. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load according to claim 1, wherein the strain gauge and the vibration sensor are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the same horizontal height of the side wall of the roof sample, and the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the side wall of the roof sample are respectively provided with the strain gauge and the vibration sensor.
4. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load according to claim 1, wherein the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate are made of plastic waterproof materials, and the through groove is the same as the crack opening degree and has a depth of 2.0mm.
5. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load according to claim 1, wherein a data line hole is formed in the bottom of the experimental tank body, the strain gauge and the vibration sensor are connected with the data collector through data lines, and the data lines penetrate through the data line hole.
6. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load according to claim 1, wherein the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are arranged on one side close to the water collecting tank, the measuring range of the first flowmeter is 1000 ml/s-20000 ml/s, and the measuring range of the second flowmeter is 0.5 ml/s-5000 ml/s.
7. The dynamic load-affected lower top plate seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein an upper pressurizing plate groove corresponding to an upper loading piston is formed in the top of the upper seepage pressurizing plate, and a lower pressurizing plate groove corresponding to a lower loading piston is formed in the bottom of the lower seepage pressurizing plate.
8. The roof seepage test device under the influence of dynamic load according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the test tank body is connected with the bottom of the test tank body through a buckle, and a buckle lantern ring is arranged outside the buckle.
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| CN112903460B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-03-28 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for testing multi-row group column single-shaft bearing of inclined goaf under influence of disturbance |
| CN114279934B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-10-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Island reef water-rich calcareous sandy soil stratum grouting simulation and permeability test device and method |
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