CN105987869B - A kind of saturated soft soil centrifugation seepage flow cylinder - Google Patents
A kind of saturated soft soil centrifugation seepage flow cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105987869B CN105987869B CN201610526219.4A CN201610526219A CN105987869B CN 105987869 B CN105987869 B CN 105987869B CN 201610526219 A CN201610526219 A CN 201610526219A CN 105987869 B CN105987869 B CN 105987869B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002680 soil gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of saturated soft soils to be centrifuged seepage flow cylinder, for measuring saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient under centrifugal action, including, rotating electric machine (60) and glass scales rotating cylinder (66), glass scales rotating cylinder (66) includes with graduated barrel, coaxial big hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8), and material is pervious concrete；Its middle part is the machine shaft ((4)) for stretching out cylinder bottom；Soil sample groove (9) are formed between the big inner wall of hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and the outer wall of small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8), inner wall posts filter paper (6) in soil sample groove (9), and is placed with saturation soil sample；It is formed with cavity (21) between small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8) and machine shaft (4), cavity (21) is used for externally to wherein injecting water.The present invention being capable of weak soil seepage consolidation characteristic under more accurate simulation dynamic loading.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of saturated soft soils to be centrifuged seepage flow cylinder, more particularly to one kind measures saturated soft soil under the action of the centrifugal
The small-sized centrifugation seepage flow cylinder of infiltration coefficient.
Background technique
Soil body penetration characteristic is the importance of Characteristics of Geotechnical Engineering research, and measurement soil body penetration characteristic index is infiltration system
The experimental provision of number, existing measurement infiltration coefficient mainly has constant head darcy flow instrument and varying head darcy flow instrument, the experiment
Instrument has many advantages, such as accuracy height, technology maturation to sand gas permeability measurement.
But saturated soft soil has, and moisture content is high, compressibility is high, void ratio is high, bearing capacity is low, infiltration is small " three high two is low "
Characteristic, seepage flow often shows non-darcy flow characteristic.Using existing constant head darcy flow instrument and varying head darcy
Seepage instrument will lead to result to weak soil gas permeability measurement and deviate engineering reality, can not instruct geotechnical engineering investigation, it is more likely that
Huge loss is brought to geotechnical engineering design, construction.
With the continuous quickening of city process, the traffic engineering such as subway, railway, highway are quickly grown, China it is built and
The High Speed Rail Projects built rank the first in the world.Geotechnical engineering investigation more pays close attention to different frequency dynamic load to Technical Characteristics of Mild Clay
With pollutant in soil migration problem, especially dynamic load and centrifugation coupling under in weak soil seepage characteristic problem, at present still
Using existing constant head darcy flow instrument and varying head darcy flow instrument to weak soil gas permeability measurement, not with engineering practice
Symbol, can not simulating pollution object how to be migrated in soil, lack corresponding experimental provision.
So people start increasingly research of the concern to weak soil seepage characteristic, and theoretical research and engineering experience are accumulated
Research achievement be applied to engineering practice in.
Centrifugal machine model trial is that research rock-soil dynamics problem is most effective, state-of-the-art scientific experimentation by internationally recognized
Platform.Columbia Univ USA in 1931 develops the geotechnical centrifuge that First radius in the world is 0.25m, 19 generation first
It records the beginning of the seventies, geotechnical centrifuge develops in succession in American and Britain, the Soviet Union, method, Deng state, develops turntable type centrifuge, basket-hanging
Centrifuge and drum centrifuge, China started to pay attention to power centrifuge technique the eighties in 19th century, and nineteen eighty-two is by the Changjiang river science
Referred to as, maximum centrifugal acceleration reaches 300g, capacity 150g-t effective radius 3m for research institute.Up to now, China possesses more than 20
Desk centrifuge.Test model can truely and accurately reflect the condition and behavior of prototype, need to meet between model and prototype several
What three primary condition of similar, kinematic similitude and dynamic similitude law, i.e., corresponding between the similarity criterion and parameter of each parameter
Rapport.
Although traditional turntable type centrifuge, suspended centrifugal and drum centrifuge can achieve the effect that be centrifuged seepage flow,
The features such as but due to complicated for operation, the scale of construction of seepage instrument is big, and testing expenses are high, and test accuracy is low, resulting in can not simply, conveniently
Accurately measure the infiltration coefficient of the saturated soft soil under centrifugal load effect.
Traditional concentrator bowl is mostly separated two kinds of different materials using centrifugal acceleration, consider different substances at
Analysis.But concentrator bowl is not accounted for and designed to simulate the Seepage problems of saturated soft soil.
Existing laboratory apparatus is often difficult convenient and accurately simulation saturated soft soil under centrifugal load effect infiltration
Coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measure under the action of the centrifugal, and infiltration is centrifuged used by saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient
Flow cartridge.Technical solution is as follows:
A kind of saturated soft soil is centrifuged seepage flow cylinder, for measuring saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient under centrifugal action, including, electric rotating
Machine 60 and glass scales rotating cylinder 66.Glass scales rotating cylinder 66 includes saturating with graduated barrel, coaxial big hollow cylinder
Water stone 20 and small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, material are pervious concrete；Its middle part is the machine shaft 4 for stretching out cylinder bottom；Greatly
Soil sample groove 9 is formed between the inner wall of hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 and the outer wall of small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, in 9 inner wall of soil sample groove
Filter paper 6 is posted, and is placed with saturation soil sample；Cavity 21, cavity are formed between small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8 and machine shaft 4
21 for externally to wherein injecting water.
Centrifugation seepage flow cylinder of the invention is a kind of important component of saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument shaking platform connection figure；
Fig. 2 is that saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument first, second vibrates tension and compression load control principle drawing；
Fig. 3 is saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument seepage flow connection figure
Fig. 4 is saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage calculation schematic diagram；
1, drive rod in figure；2, the first spring；3, collecting-tank；4, machine shaft；5, relief valve；6, filter paper；8, small hollow
Cylinder permeable stone；9, soil sample groove；10, tank；11, piston motor；12, water pipe；17, rotary electromechanical switches；18, vibration is flat
Platform；20, big hollow cylinder permeable stone；21, cavity；22, second spring；23, bracket；24, regulating valve；25, frequency converter；27,
One rigid rod；32, the second rigid rod；35, first piston；36, first piston cylinder；37, second piston cylinder；38, second piston；
39, steel column；40, the first check valve；41, second one-way valve；42, sink box；60, rotating electric machine；61, bucket pedestal is rotated；64, glass
Glass dial drum；66, glass scales rotating cylinder.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that invention, features and effects of the invention, now in conjunction with application scenarios of the invention, and cooperate
Attached drawing is described in detail.
The present invention is a component part of saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument.Entire saturated soft soil Centrifugal vibration seepage flow
Instrument includes shaking platform 18, and saturated soft soil is centrifuged seepage flow cylinder, to the water filling part of saturated soft soil centrifugation seepage flow cylinder injection water.Saturation
It includes glass scales rotating cylinder 66 and rotating electric machine 60 that weak soil, which is centrifuged seepage flow cylinder,.
In Fig. 1, the side of shaking platform 18 is connected by horizontal spring 2 with bracket 23, and the other side passes through the first rigidity
Bar 27 is fixedly connected with the steel column 39 of the first load console, does horizontal direction vibration by the first load console control；Vibration
The lower part of platform 18 is connected by uprighting spring 22 with bracket, and the middle part of shaking platform 18 is added by the second rigid rod 32 and second
The steel column 39 for carrying console is fixedly connected, and does vertical direction vibration by the second load console control；It is solid on shaking platform 18
Surely there is rotating electric machine 60,
In Fig. 2, the structure of two load consoles is identical, including drive rod 1, frequency converter 25, piston motor 11, and first
Piston cylinder 36, first piston 35, the first check valve 40, sink box 42, second one-way valve 41, second piston cylinder 37, second piston
38, steel column 39, regulating valve 24.Working principle: alternating current steady voltage plug is opened, by main controller controls frequency converter 25, to change
Become the rotation speed of piston motor 11, the drive rod 1 that is connected with piston motor 11 drives first piston in first piston cylinder 36
35 reciprocating motion；When first piston 35 moves upwards, and under pressure, the water in sink box 42 passes through the first pipeline
In the first check valve 40 move upwards, enter first piston cylinder 36；When first piston 35 moves downward, first piston cylinder 36
In water second piston cylinder 37 is entered by the second one-way valve 41 in the second pipeline, and promote second piston 38, and drive
Steel column 39 moves upwards.When the water in first piston cylinder 36 is all pressed into second piston cylinder 37, pass through main controller controls
24 beginning of regulating valve degree, control second piston cylinder 37 in water release water consumption, reach the control to steel column 39, make steel column 39 by
It is moved downward according to certain speed；Displacement sensor is connected with steel column 39, and in 39 motion process of steel column, displacement sensor is by steel
Column 39 moves back and forth signal and is input in computer.In a computer, steel column 39 can be observed whether according to sine wave, rectangular wave
It is moved with triangular wave.The structure of two load consoles is identical, and steel column 39 passes through the first rigid rod 27 and second respectively
18 right side of rigid rod 32 and shaking platform and beneath rigidly connected, to realize that horizontal and vertical tension and compression are vibrated.
In Fig. 3, glass scales rotating cylinder 66 includes with graduated barrel, coaxial big 20 and of hollow cylinder permeable stone
Small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, material are pervious concrete；Turn in the middle part of glass scales rotating cylinder 66 to stretch out the motor of cylinder bottom
Axis 4；Saturation soil sample is placed between big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 and small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8, and in the internal diameter of soil sample
With filter paper 6 is sticked at external diameter surface.
In Fig. 3, water filling part mainly includes tank 10 and glass scales cylinder 64.Small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8 with
Cavity 21 between machine shaft 4 is connected by water pipe 12, tank 10 with glass scales cylinder 64, the position of glass scales cylinder 64
Higher than glass scales rotating cylinder 66, so that the water in glass scales cylinder 64 smoothly flows into glass rotating scale cylinder 66；Machine shaft 4
The soil sample of the soil sample groove 9 in rotary glass scale rotating cylinder 66 is driven to do centrifugal movement by the driving of rotating electric machine 60.
In Fig. 4, saturated soft soil vibration centrifugal seepage instrument infiltration coefficient of the present invention is calculated, according to collecting-tank water yield and when
Between obtain following two formula, first, only open load console, close motor Rotation Controllers, have
Second, opening motor Rotation Controllers, load console is closed or opened, is had
Wherein a=w2R=Nrg
Δ Q --- water yield (L)；
Δ t --- Seepage flow time；
λ --- weak soil seepage flow correction factor；
The angular speed that w --- rotating electric machine 60 rotates；
G --- acceleration of gravity；
ri--- distance of the center line of machine shaft 4 to small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8；
r0--- distance of the center line of machine shaft 4 to big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20；
R --- for machine shaft 4 center line to glass scales rotating cylinder 66 distance；
Nr--- likeness coefficient；
Pw--- pass through the pressure difference after soil sample.Pw=ρwgΔh；
ρw--- the density of water；
Glass scales cylinder numerical difference Δ h=h when Δ h --- head loss, i.e. on-test and off-test1-h2；
Now to simulate dynamic load and be centrifuged under coupling for the test of saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient, illustrate of the invention
Specifically used process, specific implementation step are as follows:
(1) after pilot system is assembled according to attached drawing, the filter paper 6 of dipped water will be put on the inside of soil sample groove 9 first, and examine
It looks into small hollow cylinder permeable stone 8 and whether big hollow cylinder permeable stone 20 blocks, saturated soft soil sample is then put into soil sample again
Slot 9；
(2) glass scales cylinder 64 is placed on the position higher than rotating scale cylinder 66, cavity 21 is filled into water, read glass and carve
Spend the numerical value h of cylinder 641；
(3) shake table 18 is opened, the waveform of corresponding frequencies is selected by master console, and pass through the first load console
The vibration in controlled level direction or the second load console control vertical displacement, according to the movement of the steel column 39 of computer acquisition
Situation adjusts two load console vibration frequencies.
(4) rotary electromechanical switches 17 are opened, rotation speed ω is determined by rotating electric machine；
(5) it determines infiltration time Δ t, and records 66 water yield Δ Q value of glass scales rotating cylinder, read again glass scales
Numerical value h2；
(6) by above-mentioned formula calculation permeability coefficient, terminate test.
Using the seepage instrument of saturated soft soil centrifugation seepage flow cylinder of the invention, has the advantage that 1, is to grind with saturated soft soil
Study carefully object, be capable of the seepage characteristic of the lower weak soil of real simulation centrifugal load effect, calculated permeability coefficient more really has
Effect；2, pass through two degree h of water yield parameter, Δ Q and time Δ t and glass scales cylinder1、h2, just can determine that head loss and
Infiltration coefficient, parameter is few, convenient；3, centrifugation seepage flow cylinder of the invention and shake table are combined together, it can be considered that vibration and
It is centrifuged influence of the coupling effect to saturated soft soil Penetration Signature, it is simple and easy.In short, structure setting it is simple, conveniently, testing expenses
It is low；It is more acurrate to measure saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient, is closer to truth.
Although a certain embodiment of the invention is described above in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is not limited to
Above-mentioned specific embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, is not limitation, this field it is general
Logical technical staff under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, goes back
Many forms can be made, within these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of saturated soft soil is centrifuged seepage flow cylinder, for measuring saturated soft soil infiltration coefficient under centrifugal action, including, rotating electric machine
(60) and glass scales rotating cylinder (66), glass scales rotating cylinder (66) include with graduated barrel, coaxial big open circles
Column permeable stone (20) and small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8), big hollow cylinder permeable stone (20) and small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8)
Material is pervious concrete；Machine shaft (4) in the middle part of glass scales rotating cylinder (66) to stretch out cylinder bottom；Big hollow cylinder is saturating
Soil sample groove (9) are formed between the inner wall of water stone (20) and the outer wall of small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8), are pasted in soil sample groove (9) inner wall
Have filter paper (6), and is placed with saturation soil sample in soil sample groove (9)；Between small hollow cylinder permeable stone (8) and machine shaft (4)
It is formed with cavity (21), cavity (21) is used for externally to wherein injecting water.
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| CN201610526219.4A CN105987869B (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | A kind of saturated soft soil centrifugation seepage flow cylinder |
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| CN201610526219.4A CN105987869B (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | A kind of saturated soft soil centrifugation seepage flow cylinder |
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| CN105987869B true CN105987869B (en) | 2019-05-07 |
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