CN106011764A - 一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺 - Google Patents

一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺 Download PDF

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CN106011764A
CN106011764A CN201610415868.7A CN201610415868A CN106011764A CN 106011764 A CN106011764 A CN 106011764A CN 201610415868 A CN201610415868 A CN 201610415868A CN 106011764 A CN106011764 A CN 106011764A
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plastic part
automobile plastic
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龚青瑞
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SUZHOU ZHENYE MOLD CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，通过准备原料后熔炼得到合金熔体，并将合金熔体浇注入铁模，自然冷却后得到合金体；然后将合金体进行镜面抛光处理，并采用真空磁控溅射仪双溅射靶交替沉积Al膜和Al2O3膜后制备汽车塑件模具，最后清理汽车塑件模具内的杂质，并将汽车塑件模具经过磷化、喷砂处理后进行喷涂W‑Gr‑Go涂层，并用砂纸抛光处理得到具有硬度高，耐磨性、耐腐蚀性好，寿命长的汽车塑件模具，本发明可广泛应用于汽车内饰件的仪表板、方向盘、内门板、杂物箱和手套箱、门把手等方面。

Description

一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车模具制备技术领域，尤其涉及了一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺。
背景技术
随着现代科学技术的进步和生产的快速发展，机械工业对材料性能的要求越来越高，单一的金属材料已不能满足生产发展的需要，因而各种非金属材料应运而生，特别是工程塑料，其发展特别迅猛。工程塑料的体积质量约为1 .0～1 .4，比水略重，比铝轻1/2，比钢轻3/4，约为大多数有色金属体积质量的1/8～1/5。正是由于工程塑料的优良性能，可代替金属作结构材料，在某些应用领域已成为其他材料无法替代的新型材料，因而被广泛地应用于电子电器、汽车、机械设备等行业，在国民经济各领域中的地位日益显著。用于汽车内饰件最多的是PU、PVC、ABS、PP。从中国国情看，PP产量很大，如果在PP塑料工程化上多做些技术开发工作，PP完全可以替代ABS在汽车内饰件的仪表板、方向盘、内门板、杂物箱和手套箱、门把手等方面使用。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的就在于提供了一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，能够制备具有硬度高，耐磨性、耐腐蚀性好，寿命长的汽车塑件模具，可广泛应用于汽车内饰件的仪表板、方向盘、内门板、杂物箱和手套箱、门把手等方面。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是这样的：
一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，包括如下步骤：
（1）准备原料：所述原料包括Zn、Si、Mg、Nd、Al、Al2O3以及杂质，各个组分之间的质量份为Zn 5~10份、Si 5~10份、Mg 0.1~0.5份、Nd 0.5~1份、Al 90~100份、Al2O3 200~300份以及杂质1~5份；
（2）将Zn、Si、Al依次加入高频感应炉中进行熔炼，当温度达到650~700℃时加入Mg，温度达到820~850℃时加入Nd，充分搅拌后，将合金熔体浇注入铁模，自然冷却后得到合金体；
（3）然后对步骤（2）中的合金体进行镜面抛光处理，并采用真空磁控溅射仪双溅射靶交替沉积Al膜和Al2O3膜，靶材为步骤（1）中的Al与Al2O3；
（4）将步骤（3）中沉积有Al膜和Al2O3膜的合金体制备汽车塑件模具；
（5）清理步骤（4）中汽车塑件模具内的杂质，再将汽车塑件模具经过磷化、喷砂处理后进行喷涂W-Gr-Go涂层，最后用砂纸抛光处理。
作为一种优选方案，所述步骤（3）中Al膜的厚度为20~30nm。
作为一种优选方案，所述步骤（3）中Al2O3膜的厚度为70~80nm。
作为一种优选方案，所述步骤（4）中W-Gr-Go涂层包括W、Gr、Go、微量元素、助剂，所述各组分之间的质量份为W40~60份、Gr20~40份、Go10~30份、微量元素0.1~0.5份、助剂1~5份。
作为一种优选方案，所述助剂为立方氮化硼。
作为一种优选方案，所述微量元素包括Si、Mo、B中的一种或几种。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：本发明能够制备具有硬度高，耐磨性、耐腐蚀性好，寿命长的汽车塑件模具，可广泛应用于汽车内饰件的仪表板、方向盘、内门板、杂物箱和手套箱、门把手等方面。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，包括如下步骤：
（1）准备原料：所述原料包括Zn、Si、Mg、Nd、Al、Al2O3以及杂质，各个组分之间的质量份为Zn 5份、Si 5份、Mg 0.1份、Nd 0.5份、Al 90份、Al2O3 200份以及杂质1份；
（2）将Zn、Si、Al依次加入高频感应炉中进行熔炼，当温度达到650℃时加入Mg，温度达到820℃时加入Nd，充分搅拌后，将合金熔体浇注入铁模，自然冷却后得到合金体；
（3）然后对步骤（2）中的合金体进行镜面抛光处理，并采用真空磁控溅射仪双溅射靶交替沉积Al膜和Al2O3膜，靶材为步骤（1）中的Al与Al2O3；所述Al膜的厚度为20nm；所述Al2O3膜的厚度为70nm。
（4）将步骤（3）中沉积有Al膜和Al2O3膜的合金体制备汽车塑件模具；
（5）清理步骤（4）中汽车塑件模具内的杂质，再将汽车塑件模具经过磷化、喷砂处理后进行喷涂W-Gr-Go涂层，最后用砂纸抛光处理。
本发明优选所述步骤（4）中W-Gr-Go涂层包括W、Gr、Go、微量元素、助剂，所述各组分之间的质量份为W40份、Gr20份、Go10份、微量元素0.1份、助剂1份；所述助剂为立方氮化硼，所述微量元素包括Si、Mo、B中的一种或几种；实施时，的喷涂参数为：工装转速为210r/min ；火焰距离为20cm ；送粉量控制电压为5v，火焰温度为2500℃，喷枪移动速度为0.01m/s ；气体流量：空气为110L/H，氧气为40L/H，丙烷为20L/H ；设备气体压力：丙烷压力不小于0.5MPa ；氧气压力不小于0.4MPa ；空气压力不小于0.6MPa ；氢气压力不小于0.1MPa，氮气压力不小于0.2MPa。
具体实施时，制备Al膜的工艺条件为：功率80W，工作气压0 .7Pa，氩气流量30sccm，靶基距80mm，Al膜的沉积率为11 .32nm/min；制备Al2O3膜的工艺条件为：射频功率140W，工作气压0 .5Pa，氩气流量20sccm，靶基距为100mm，Al2O3膜的沉积率为2 .35nm/min。
使用本实施例制备得到的汽车塑件模具的结合力为35N，硬度为11.8Gpa，摩擦系数为0.108。
实施例2：
一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，包括如下步骤：
（1）准备原料：所述原料包括Zn、Si、Mg、Nd、Al、Al2O3以及杂质，各个组分之间的质量份为Zn 8份、Si 8份、Mg 0.3份、Nd 0.8份、Al 95份、Al2O3 250份以及杂质3份；
（2）将Zn、Si、Al依次加入高频感应炉中进行熔炼，当温度达到680℃时加入Mg，温度达到835℃时加入Nd，充分搅拌后，将合金熔体浇注入铁模，自然冷却后得到合金体；
（3）然后对步骤（2）中的合金体进行镜面抛光处理，并采用真空磁控溅射仪双溅射靶交替沉积Al膜和Al2O3膜，靶材为步骤（1）中的Al与Al2O3；所述Al膜的厚度为25nm；所述Al2O3膜的厚度为75nm。
（4）将步骤（3）中沉积有Al膜和Al2O3膜的合金体制备汽车塑件模具；
（5）清理步骤（4）中汽车塑件模具内的杂质，再将汽车塑件模具经过磷化、喷砂处理后进行喷涂W-Gr-Go涂层，最后用砂纸抛光处理。
本发明优选所述步骤（4）中W-Gr-Go涂层包括W、Gr、Go、微量元素、助剂，所述各组分之间的质量份为W50份、Gr30份、Go20份、微量元素0.3份、助剂3份；所述助剂为立方氮化硼，所述微量元素包括Si、Mo、B中的一种或几种；实施时，的喷涂参数为：工装转速为210r/min ；火焰距离为20cm ；送粉量控制电压为5v，火焰温度为2500℃，喷枪移动速度为0.01m/s ；气体流量：空气为110L/H，氧气为40L/H，丙烷为20L/H ；设备气体压力：丙烷压力不小于0.5MPa ；氧气压力不小于0.4MPa ；空气压力不小于0.6MPa ；氢气压力不小于0.1MPa，氮气压力不小于0.2MPa。
具体实施时，制备Al膜的工艺条件为：功率80W，工作气压0 .7Pa，氩气流量30sccm，靶基距80mm，Al膜的沉积率为11 .32nm/min；制备Al2O3膜的工艺条件为：射频功率140W，工作气压0 .5Pa，氩气流量20sccm，靶基距为100mm，Al2O3膜的沉积率为2 .35nm/min。
使用本实施例制备得到的汽车塑件模具的结合力为36N，硬度为12.0Gpa，摩擦系数为0.113。
实施例3：
一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，包括如下步骤：
（1）准备原料：所述原料包括Zn、Si、Mg、Nd、Al、Al2O3以及杂质，各个组分之间的质量份为Zn 10份、Si 10份、Mg 0.5份、Nd 1份、Al 100份、Al2O3 300份以及杂质5份；
（2）将Zn、Si、Al依次加入高频感应炉中进行熔炼，当温度达到700℃时加入Mg，温度达到850℃时加入Nd，充分搅拌后，将合金熔体浇注入铁模，自然冷却后得到合金体；
（3）然后对步骤（2）中的合金体进行镜面抛光处理，并采用真空磁控溅射仪双溅射靶交替沉积Al膜和Al2O3膜，靶材为步骤（1）中的Al与Al2O3；所述Al膜的厚度为30nm；所述Al2O3膜的厚度为80nm。
（4）将步骤（3）中沉积有Al膜和Al2O3膜的合金体制备汽车塑件模具；
（5）清理步骤（4）中汽车塑件模具内的杂质，再将汽车塑件模具经过磷化、喷砂处理后进行喷涂W-Gr-Go涂层，最后用砂纸抛光处理。
本发明优选所述步骤（4）中W-Gr-Go涂层包括W、Gr、Go、微量元素、助剂，所述各组分之间的质量份为W60份、Gr40份、Go30份、微量元素0.5份、助剂5份；所述助剂为立方氮化硼，所述微量元素包括Si、Mo、B中的一种或几种；实施时，的喷涂参数为：工装转速为210r/min ；火焰距离为20cm ；送粉量控制电压为5v，火焰温度为2500℃，喷枪移动速度为0.01m/s ；气体流量：空气为110L/H，氧气为40L/H，丙烷为20L/H ；设备气体压力：丙烷压力不小于0.5MPa ；氧气压力不小于0.4MPa ；空气压力不小于0.6MPa ；氢气压力不小于0.1MPa，氮气压力不小于0.2MPa。
具体实施时，制备Al膜的工艺条件为：功率80W，工作气压0 .7Pa，氩气流量30sccm，靶基距80mm，Al膜的沉积率为11 .32nm/min；制备Al2O3膜的工艺条件为：射频功率140W，工作气压0 .5Pa，氩气流量20sccm，靶基距为100mm，Al2O3膜的沉积率为2 .35nm/min。
使用本实施例制备得到的汽车塑件模具的结合力为40N，硬度为12.3Gpa，摩擦系数为0.118。
综上所述，本发明能够制备具有硬度高，耐磨性、耐腐蚀性好，寿命长的汽车塑件模具。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）准备原料：所述原料包括Zn、Si、Mg、Nd、Al、Al2O3以及杂质，各个组分之间的质量份为Zn 5~10份、Si 5~10份、Mg 0.1~0.5份、Nd 0.5~1份、Al 90~100份、Al2O3 200~300份以及杂质1~5份；
（2）将Zn、Si、Al依次加入高频感应炉中进行熔炼，当温度达到650~700℃时加入Mg，温度达到820~850℃时加入Nd，充分搅拌后，将合金熔体浇注入铁模，自然冷却后得到合金体；
（3）然后对步骤（2）中的合金体进行镜面抛光处理，并采用真空磁控溅射仪双溅射靶交替沉积Al膜和Al2O3膜，靶材为步骤（1）中的Al与Al2O3；
（4）将步骤（3）中沉积有Al膜和Al2O3膜的合金体制备汽车塑件模具；
（5）清理步骤（4）中汽车塑件模具内的杂质，再将汽车塑件模具经过磷化、喷砂处理后进行喷涂W-Gr-Go涂层，最后用砂纸抛光处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤（3）中Al膜的厚度为20~30nm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤（3）中Al2O3膜的厚度为70~80nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤（4）中W-Gr-Go涂层包括W、Gr、Go、微量元素、助剂，所述各组分之间的质量份为W40~60份、Gr20~40份、Go10~30份、微量元素0.1~0.5份、助剂1~5份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述助剂为立方氮化硼。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于汽车塑件模具的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述微量元素包括Si、Mo、B中的一种或几种。
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