CN106009289A - 一种轻质电缆填充绳材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种轻质电缆填充绳材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106009289A
CN106009289A CN201610570552.5A CN201610570552A CN106009289A CN 106009289 A CN106009289 A CN 106009289A CN 201610570552 A CN201610570552 A CN 201610570552A CN 106009289 A CN106009289 A CN 106009289A
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filling rope
cable filling
lightweight cable
rope material
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王滨
刘曙阳
周勇
蒋顶军
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NANJING JULONG TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电缆填充绳及其制备方法，尤其是一种轻质电缆填充绳及其制备方法。本发明的材料包括以下重量份数的组分：聚丙烯30‑50份，矿物粉体40‑60份，成核剂0.2‑1份，抗氧剂0.2‑1份，润滑剂0.5‑2份，功能母粒0.5‑10份。本发明将矿物高填充技术与纳米增强技术相结合，满足甚至超过目前行业内材料性能要求的同时，减轻填充绳重量达20%以上，具有显著轻量化特点，满足电线电缆更高更远铺设要求。

Description

一种轻质电缆填充绳材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电缆填充绳材料及其制备方法，尤其是一种轻质电缆填充绳材料及其制备方法，属于材料技术领域。
背景技术
电缆一般由三相线以上组成，相与相之间有绝缘层，再在外包圆形的保护与绝缘层，（圆形周长最短，而其强度最大，但它与三相线间出现了间隙，用填充物把这些间隙充实后，这无疑使外保护层的圆形完整，达到强度大、结构稳固的目的。一般来说，电缆填充绳的主要作用是为了让电缆保持圆整、提高电缆成品的圆整度。同时，填充绳也能辅助起到提高电缆抗拉伸、抗摇摆的作用。目前使用的填充绳普遍由高矿粉填充聚烯烃材料制得。由于大量矿粉的存在，使得填充绳重量甚至比电线大，因其重力作用，导致电缆铺设长度受到极大影响。因此，研制具有低密度、高强度填充绳新材料对电缆轻量化及其远距离铺设具有十分重要的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述技术问题，本发明将矿物高填充技术与纳米增强技术及聚合物微孔发泡技术相结合，高机械强度保留率情况下，填充绳自身有效减重20%以上，实现了低密度、低成本、高强度性能与应用平衡。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种轻质电缆填充绳材料，原料由以下重量份的组分组成：
聚丙烯30-50份;
矿物粉体40-60份;
功能母粒 0.5-10份;
成核剂0.2-1份;
抗氧剂0.2-1份;
润滑剂0.5-2份。
更进一步，所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：所述聚丙烯熔融指数为0.5-10g/10min，优选2g/10min。
更进一步，所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：矿粉为碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母中的一种；优选碳酸钙。
更进一步，所述成核剂为纳米蒙脱土、苯甲酸盐、山梨醇类、有机磷酸盐中的一种；优选有机磷酸盐类。
更进一步，所述功能母粒其有效成分为聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯、晶须、纳米二氧化钛、碳纳米管、碳酸氢铵、碳酸氢钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、甲苯磺酞氨基崛中的一种或几种组合；优选聚乙二醇、晶须、碳酸氢钠组合。
更进一步的，所述润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、硅酮、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、聚乙烯蜡中的一种；所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类、亚磷酸酯类、硫代酯类中的两种组合。
更进一步，所述的轻质电缆填充绳制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1) 将聚丙烯、矿物粉体、成核剂、抗氧剂、润滑剂按照一定重量混配成混合物，将此混合物加入到双螺杆挤出机中，通过挤出制备成高填充复合材料；
(2) 将步骤（1）中所得到的高填充复合材料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料料斗加入，将功能母粒通过料筒壁上的侧喂料口按一定比例加入到挤出机中，经塑化、挤出、拉条、风干、滚轴缠绕，得到轻质电缆填充绳；
更进一步，所述步骤(1)和(2)中，双螺杆挤出机料筒温度为I区：160-170℃、II区：180-200℃、III区：180-200℃、IV区：180-210℃、V区：180-210℃、VI区：180-210℃、VII区: 180-200℃、VIII区: 190-200℃、IX区180-200℃，螺杆转速200-400r/min。
有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下显著优点：
1本发明将矿物高填充技术与纳米增强技术及以及聚合物微孔发泡技术相结合，高机械强度保留率情况下，填充绳自身有效减重20%以上，实现了低密度、低成本、高强度性能与应用平衡，有效增加电缆铺设距离。
2本发明利用纳米材料自增强作用，保证电缆填充绳轻量化同时，材料强度不下降，满足电缆铺设要求。
3本发明使用功能母粒形式，该母粒对发泡剂、发泡助剂等进了预分散，有利于提高其在聚合物中分散均匀性，减少了工厂粉尘，提高生产效率、降低了生产制造成本，材料制备方法工艺简单易行，易于实现工业化。
4本发明提供该材料的制备方法，工艺简单，生产成本低，效率高、易于实现工业化。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
将熔融指数为0.5g/10min的聚丙烯30份、滑石粉60份、有机磷酸盐1份、抗氧剂10100.6份，抗氧剂168 0.4份、硬脂酸钙2份按照一定重量比例混配成混合物，将此混合物加入到双螺杆挤出机中，通过挤出制备成高填充复合材料；将以上所得到的高填充复合材料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料料斗加入，将聚乙二醇、晶须、碳酸氢钠为主要成分的功能母粒6份通过料筒壁上的侧喂料口按一定比例加入到挤出机中，经塑化、挤出、拉条、风干、滚轴缠绕，得到轻质电缆填充绳。其中，双螺杆挤出机料筒温度为I区：165℃、II区：190℃、III区：200℃、IV区：210℃、V区：200℃、VI区：200℃、VII区: 190℃、VIII区: 190℃、IX区200℃，螺杆转速200r/min。
实施例2
将熔融指数为2g/10min的聚丙烯50份、碳酸钙40份、苯甲酸钠0.2份、抗氧剂硫代酯0.2份、硅酮1.6份按照一定重量比例混配成混合物，将此混合物加入到双螺杆挤出机中，通过挤出制备成高填充复合材料；将以上所得到的高填充复合材料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料料斗加入，将聚乙烯醇、碳纳米管、偶氮二甲酰胺为主要成分的功能母粒8份通过料筒壁上的侧喂料口按一定比例加入到挤出机中，经塑化、挤出、拉条、风干、滚轴缠绕，得到轻质电缆填充绳。其中，双螺杆挤出机料筒温度为I区： 170℃、II区：200℃、III区：200℃、IV区：210℃、V区：190℃、VI区：200℃、VII区: 190℃、VIII区: 190℃、IX区180℃，螺杆转速400r/min。
实施例3
将熔融指数为10g/10min的聚丙烯38.5份、碳酸钙50份、山梨醇0.5份、抗氧剂1010 0.3份，168 0.2份、乙撑双硬脂酰胺1份按照一定重量比例混配成混合物，将此混合物加入到双螺杆挤出机中，通过挤出制备成高填充复合材料；将以上所得到的高填充复合材料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料料斗加入，将聚乙二醇、碳酸氢铵为主要成分的功能母粒0.5份通过料筒壁上的侧喂料口按一定比例加入到挤出机中，经塑化、挤出、拉条、风干、滚轴缠绕，得到轻质电缆填充绳。其中，双螺杆挤出机料筒温度为I区：160℃、II区：180℃、III区：180℃、IV区：180℃、V区：180℃、VI区： 210℃、VII区: 200℃、VIII区: 200℃、IX区180℃，螺杆转速200r/min。
实施例4
将熔融指数为5g/10min的聚丙烯42份、云母粉55份、纳米蒙拓土0.7份、抗氧剂硫代酯0.8份、聚乙烯蜡0.5份按照一定重量比例混配成混合物，将此混合物加入到双螺杆挤出机中，通过挤出制备成高填充复合材料；将以上所得到的高填充复合材料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料料斗加入，将聚乙烯、晶须、甲苯磺酞氨基崛为主要成分的功能母粒10份通过料筒壁上的侧喂料口按一定比例加入到挤出机中，经塑化、挤出、拉条、风干、滚轴缠绕，得到轻质电缆填充绳。其中，双螺杆挤出机料筒温度为I区：170℃、II区： 200℃、III区：200℃、IV区：210℃、V区：210℃、VI区：180℃、VII区: 180℃、VIII区: 200℃、IX区200℃，螺杆转速300r/min。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于，其材料组成包括以下重量份数的组分：
聚丙烯30-50份；
矿物粉体40-60份；
功能母粒 0.5-10份；
成核剂0.2-1份；
抗氧剂0.2-1份；
润滑剂0.5-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：所述聚丙烯熔融指数为0.5-10g/10min。
3.根据权利要求1所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：矿粉为碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：所述成核剂为纳米蒙脱土、苯甲酸盐、山梨醇类、有机磷酸盐中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：所述功能母粒，其有效成分为聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯、晶须、纳米二氧化钛、碳纳米管、碳酸氢铵、碳酸氢钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、甲苯磺酞氨基崛中的一种或几种组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述轻质电缆填充绳材料，其特征在于：所述润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、硅酮、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、聚乙烯蜡中的一种；所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类、亚磷酸酯类、硫代酯类中的两种组合。
7.根据权利要求1-6所述任一轻质电缆填充绳制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将聚丙烯、矿物粉体、成核剂、抗氧剂、润滑剂混配成混合物，将此混合物加入到双螺杆挤出机中，通过挤出制备成高填充复合材料；
将步骤（1）中所得到的高填充复合材料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料料斗加入，将功能母粒通过料筒壁上的侧喂料口按一定比例加入到挤出机中，经塑化、挤出、拉条、风干、滚轴缠绕，得到轻质电缆填充绳。
8.根据权利要求7所述轻质电缆填充绳材料制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）和（2）中，双螺杆挤出机料筒温度为I区：160-170℃、II区：180-200℃、III区：180-200℃、IV区：180-210℃、V区：180-210℃、VI区：180-210℃、VII区: 180-200℃、VIII区: 190-200℃、IX区180-200℃，螺杆转速200-400r/min。
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