CN106008608B - 一种具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2] HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-[3-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2OC(=NN=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)O1 FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001194 electroluminescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001840 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000103 photoluminescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 platinum ion Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YRAJNWYBUCUFBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)CC(=O)C(C)(C)C YRAJNWYBUCUFBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005274 electronic transitions Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001269 time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLMHHOVQRSSRCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibromopyridine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CN=C1Br SLMHHOVQRSSRCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHXUWDPHUQHFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dibromopyridine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(Br)N=C1 ZHXUWDPHUQHFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[carboxymethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]ethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CN(CCN(CC(O)=O)CC=2C(=C(C)N=CC=2CO)O)CC(O)=O)=C1O RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJRVSKKOASIDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-2-(7-tert-butylpyren-1-yl)pyridine Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)C=1C=C2C=CC3=CC=C(C4=CC=C(C=1)C2=C43)C1=NC=C(C=C1)Br QJRVSKKOASIDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019029 PtCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001351225 Sergey Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012984 biological imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBKFWQBXFREOFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;ethyl acetate Chemical compound ClCCl.CCOC(C)=O WBKFWQBXFREOFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0086—Platinum compounds
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/346—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising platinum
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有D‑A‑A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物及其应用,该金属铂(II)配合物以芘(三苯胺等)‑吡啶‑吡啶(D‑A‑A构型)为主配体,2,2,6,6‑四甲基‑3,5‑庚二酮为辅助配体,采取双核配位方式,中间A单元提供两个配位点;该金属铂(II)配合物通过加强分子刚性结构及分子自旋轨道耦合作用、提供更多的三线态能级等途径,加强外量子效率等途径,加强外量子效率,将其作为近红外有机电致发光材料具有明显的优势,制备的近红外有机电致发光器件表现出可观的光电转换效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电致发光材料,特别涉及了一类含有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物结构及其在近红外有机电致发光器件中的应用;属于发光材料制备领域。
背景技术
有机/聚合物发光二极管(OLED/PLED)在近红外区间的发射为近年来一研究热点。基于该类近红外发光材料的应用在通讯、显示、生物成像等军事、医学方面有诸多应用及前景(“Ran Tao,Juan Qiao,Guoliang Zhang,Lian Duan,Liduo Wang,and YongQiu.J.Phys.Chem.C.2012,116,11658.”,“Cheuk-Lam Ho,Bing Yao,Baohua Zhang,Ka-Leung Wong,Wai-Yeung Wong,Zhiyuen Xie,Lixiang Wang,Zhenyang Lin.Journal ofOrganometallic Chemistry.2013,730,144.”)。根据能量守恒定律可知,荧光量子产率随着发射波长的增大而减小,波长至近红外区间的器件效率相比可见光大为降低,这就极大的限制了近红外放光材料的市场化投入,故而高效率和长寿命依旧是近红外电致发光材料的普遍应用所需亟待攻克的一大难题。目前,有机近红外发光材料主要分为小分子染料、镧系金属配合物、过渡金属配合物以及窄带隙聚合物等(“Gang Qian and Zhi YuanWang.Chem.Asian J.2010,5,1025.”,“Gang Qian,Ze Zhong,Min Luo,Dengbin Yu,Zhiqiang Zhang,Zhi Yuan Wang,and Dongge Ma.Adv.Mater.2009,21,111.”)。其中,过渡金属配合物材料基于过渡金属离子轨道与共轭分子轨道之间有较强的轨道耦合作用,可以将单线态及三线态激子充分利用,可以实现器件的高外量子效率及高能量效率,为最有可能实现商业化生产的潜质材料,近年研究较为集中(“Chihaya Adachi,Marc A.Baldo,MarkE.Thompson and Stephen R.Forrest.J.Appl.Phys.2001,90,5048.”,“Juan Qiao,LianDuan,Lingtian Tang,Lei He,Liduo Wang and Yong Qiu.J.Mater.Chem.2009,19,6573.”)。在过渡金属配合物近红外发光材料中,又以铂配合物研究较为广泛,金属卟啉铂配合物具有目前相对较高的外量子效率,Borek等人报道了基于金属卟啉铂配合物的近红外发光材料,做成器件后,在发射波长765nm处,最高EQE可达6.3%(“Cocchi,M.;Kalinowski,J.;Virgili,D.;Williams,J.A.G.Appl.Phys.Lett.2008,92,113302.”),一些四齿铂配合物通过激基缔合物同样可以获得较高的器件效率(“Juan Qiao,Lian Duan,Lingtian Tang,Lei He,Liduo Wang and Yong Qiu.J.Mater.Chem.2009,19,6573.”)。但是上述铂配合物近红外材料在高电流密度下均有明显的效率滚降现象,难以满足其普遍应用性。此外,含有C^N配位结构的π共轭体系环金属铂配合物在近红外发光材料中也有报道,但在该类材料中,铂离子轨道与分子轨道的自旋耦合作用相对较弱,容易产生荧光/磷光双重发射故而影响发光效率。上述结构材料通过引入两个对称的铂离子使得自旋轨道耦合更加充分,能有效提高外量子产率(“Carsten Borek,Kenneth Hanson,Peter I.Djurovich,Mark E.Thompson,Kristen Aznavour,Robert Bau,Yiru Sun,Stephen R.Forrest,JasonBrooks,Lech Michalski and Julie Brown.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2007,46,1111.”),但该类结构在近红外器件中尚未报道。
发明内容
针对现有的近红外有机电致发光材料存在的缺陷,本发明的目的是在于提供一种以芘(三苯胺等)-吡啶-吡啶为主配体,2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮为辅助配体的D-A-A构型不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物,该材料具有近红外电致发光特性,可用于电致发光器件。
本发明的另一个目的是在于提供了一种所述不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的应用,将其作为发光层掺杂材料用于制备有机电致发光器件,可实现有机电致发光器件的近红外光发射,使有机电致发光器件表现出可观的光电转换效率。
本发明提供了一种具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物,具有式Ⅰ结构;
其中,
Ar1为或基团中一种;
Ar2为基团;
Ar3为或基团;
R1为给电子取代基或氢原子;
R2为供电子取代基或氢原子。
优选的方案,R1为烷基、烷氧基或氢原子。
优选的方案,R2为氟原子或氢原子。
较优选的方案,不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物优选为以下化合物中一种:
及其中,R为C1~C4的烷基或C1~C4的烷氧基。R最优选为异丁基。
本发明还提供了一种所述具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的应用,将所述不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物作为发光层掺杂材料应用于制备近红外有机电致发光器件。
优选的方案,所述不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物与共轭高分子主体材料复合制备近红外有机电致发光器件的发光层。
较优选的方案,具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的质量为共轭高分子主体材料质量的8~16%。
进一步优选的方案,共轭高分子主体材料为PVK和OXD-7混合物。
本发明的具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的具体合成路线如下:
以合成式II结构不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物为例进行具体说明:
本发明的其他不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物可以参考式II结构不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的合成方法,仅需替换原料即可实现。
本发明的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物应用于制备近红外有机电致发光器件的方法:以不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物为近红外电致发光器件中发光层掺杂剂,以PVK/OXD-7混合物为主体材料,通过旋涂法制备。以本发明的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物作为掺杂材料与聚合物类主体材料(PVK和OXD-7混合物)。器件结构为ITO/PEDOT(40nm)/PVK:30wt%OXD-7:(8~16)wt%(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2(60nm)/TPBI(30nm)/Ba(4nm)/Al(100nm)。
相对现有技术,本发明的技术方案带来的有益技术效果:
1、本发明的技术方案首次设计出一种具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物,其具有特殊的分子结构特征,相比现有的近红外电致磷光材料,具有以下明显优势:1)采取双核配位方式,配体为D-A-A构型,中间A单元提供两个配位点,提供不对称双配位的可行性。2)采取双配位方式能够加强分子刚性结构,减小振动引起的能量损失,降低非辐射跃迁速率,进而加强外量子效率。3)采取不对称双配位方式通过减小金属与配体之间键长,进而有效加强分子自旋轨道耦合作用,加强外量子效率。4)采取不对称双配位方式能提供更多的三线态能级,有利于加强激子隙间穿越,加强磷光发射,使能量得到充分利用。综上所述,本发明的D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物通过加强分子刚性结构、加强分子自旋轨道耦合作用、提供更多的三线态能级等途径,加强外量子效率,作为近红外电致发光材料具有明显的优势。
2、本发明的技术方案在具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物引入了大量的短支链烷基,有利于降低其结晶性能以及改善其加工性能。
3、本发明的具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物作为掺杂材料用于制备近红外有机电致发光器件,实现了有机电致发光器件的近红外发光,且表现出较高的光电转换效率。
4、本发明的具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物制备工艺较为简单,有利于推广应用。
附图说明
【图1】为本发明中(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2的紫外-可见吸收光谱图。
【图2】为本发明中(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2的光致发光光谱图。
【图3】为本发明中(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂浓度为12wt.%~16wt.%,掺杂PVK/OXD-7混合物的聚合物电致发光器件中的电致发光光谱图。
【图4】为本发明中(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂浓度为8wt.%~16wt.%,掺杂PVK/OXD-7混合物的聚合物电致发光器件中的J-V-R曲线图。
【图5】为本发明中(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂浓度为8wt.%~16wt.%,掺杂PVK/OXD-7混合物的聚合物电致发光器件中的外量子效率曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例旨在进一步说明本发明内容,而不是限制本发明权利要求的保护范围。
实施例1
双核环金属铂配合物(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2及相对应单核环金属铂配合物(Py-PyH-Pyr)Pt(dpm)的合成。
中间体1、2、3的合成方法参照文献(“Teresa M.Figueira-Duarte,SaschaC.Simon,Manfred Wagner,Sergey I.Druzhi nin,Klaas A.Zachariasse,Klaus Müllen.Angew Chem Int Ed.2008,47,10176.”)
7-叔丁基-1-(5-溴2-吡啶基)-芘【中间体4】的合成
在50mL单口瓶中依次加入化合物3(860mg,2.2mmol),2,5-二溴吡啶(630mg,2.7mmol),Na2CO3的水溶液(4.5M,5mL),Pd(PPh3)4(50mg,0.045mmol)和THF(10mL),加热至沸腾,氮气保护下反应24h。停止反应,冷却至室温,将反应液倒入50mL水中,二氯甲烷(DCM)萃取(3×25mL)。有机相用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,粗产品以PE-DCM(v/v,2/1)为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离,得到黄色固体480mg,产率:52%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.94(s,1H),8.34(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.26-8.22(m,3H),8.13-8.07(m,4H),8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=8Hz,1H),1.59(s,9H).MALDI-TOF MS(m/z)for C25H20BrN.Calcd:413.078;Found:414.112.
2-(7-叔丁基-1-芘基)-5-吡啶硼酸酯【中间体5】的合成
在50mL单口瓶中依次加入化合物4(800mg,1.93mmol),联频那醇硼酸酯(980mg,3.86mmol),醋酸钾(573mg,5.85mmol),Pd(dppf)Cl2(43mg,0.058mmol)和1,4-二氧六环(15mL),加热至沸腾,氮气保护下反应8h,颜色逐渐变为深绿色。停止反应,冷却至室温,将反应液倒入50mL水中,DCM萃取(3×25mL)。有机相用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,粗产品以DCM-EA(v/v,2/1)为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离,得到黄色固体580mg,产率:65%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.22(s,1H),8.38-8.35(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),8.22-8.28(m,4H),8.05-8.15(m,4H),7.74-7.75(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),1.59(s,1H),1.43(s,9H).MALDI-TOFMS(m/z)for C31H32BNO2.Calcd:461.253;Found:462.246.
Py-PyH-PyrH的合成
在50mL单口瓶中依次加入化合物5(650mg,1.4mmol),二溴吡啶(221mg,1.4mmol),碳酸钠的水溶液(2M,3mL),Pd(Pph3)4(49mg,0.042mmol)和四氢呋喃(15mL),加热至沸腾,氮气保护下反应24h,颜色逐渐变为浅蓝色。停止反应,冷却至室温,将粗产品倒入50mL水中,DCM萃取(3×25mL)。有机相用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,粗产品以DCM为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离,丙酮重结晶,得到黄绿色固体450mg,产率:77.8%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.46(s,1H),8.81-8.80(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),8.54-8.56(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.45-8.47(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.22-8.27(m,4H),8.08-8.11(m,3H),7.87-7.91(m,3H),7.34-7.37(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),1.60(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ159.81,154.84,150.22,149.23,148.21,137.07,135.08,134.74,133.03,131.45,131.29,130.81,128.54,128.39,128.24,127.32,125.72,125.08,124.72,124.69,123.12,122.87,122.76,122.45,120.66,35.28,31.98.MALDI-TOF MS(m/z)for C30H24N2.Calcd:412.194;Found:413.249.
(Py-PyH-Pyr)Pt(dpm)和(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2的合成
在100mL单口瓶中依次加入化合物Py-PyH-PyrH(100mg,0.24mmol),K2PtCl4(201mg,0.48mmol)和乙酸(30mL),加热至沸腾,氮气保护下反应3d。停止反应,冷却至室温,将悬浊液过滤,依次用水及少量的甲醇洗涤滤饼,减压干燥,得到桥连体Pt(Py-Pyr-Py)(μ-Cl)。将Pt(Py-Pyr-Py)(μ-Cl)(200mg,0.3mmol),2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮(440mg,2.4mmol),K2CO3的水溶液(2M,5mL)和THF(40mL)依次加入到100mL单口瓶中,加热至沸腾,氮气保护下反应24h。停止反应,冷却至室温,将粗产品倒入100mL水中,DCM萃取(3×50mL)。有机相用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,粗产品以DCM-PE(V/V,1/2)为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离,丙酮重结晶,得到黄色固体(Py-PyH-Pyr)Pt(dpm)20mg,产率:10.6%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10(s,1H),8.75-8.77(d,J=8.0,2H),8.62-8.64(d,J=8.0,1H),8.48-8.52(t,J=12.0,2H),8.13-8.18(m,3H),8.02(s,1H),7.83(s,1H),7.32-7.33(d,J=4.0,1H),5.90(s,1H),1.59(s,9H),1.42(s,9H),1.38(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ195.47,194.11,168.64,152.79,150.10,147.94,146.52,139.63,137.32,136.91,135.55,131.66,131.58,130.72,129.49,128.79,128.73,128.14,127.93,127.55,123.90,123.50,123.03,122.64,121.75,119.70,93.49,41.68,41.20,35.14,31.94,28.85,28.45.MALDI-TOF MS(m/z)for C41H42N2O2Pt.Calcd:789.289;Found:790.547.同时,得到橙色固体(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2 20mg,产率:7.1%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.27(s,1H),9.04-9.11(m,2H),8.78(s,1H),8.45(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.92-8.05(m,4H),7.67-7.69(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.32(s,1H),5.96(s,1H),5.87(s,1H),1.60(s,1H),1.56(s,1H),1.41(s,18H),1.39(s,18H),1.33(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ195.71,194.79,194.39,193.90,164.91,153.60,147.63,147.33,141.00,139.60,139.37,138.49,138.44,131.22,130.74,129.65,128.36,128.28,128.19,127.92,127.48,123.95,123.50,123.20,123.09,122.31,93.77,93.47,41.65,41.56,41.44,41.22,35.13,31.97,29.01,28.83,28.58,28.46.MALDI-TOFMS(m/z)for C52H60N2O4Pt2.Calcd:1165.383;Found:1166.761.
实施例2
D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物的性能表征及其单发光层聚合物电致发光器件的制作和发光性能的测试。
D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物的1H NMR、13C NMR谱通过Bruker Dex-400NMR仪器测定,紫外-可见吸收光谱通过CARY100紫外-可见光谱仪测定,光致发光光谱通过Perkin-Elmer LS-50荧光光谱仪测定。
D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物磷光材料的单发光层聚合物电致发光器件包括:氧化锡铟(ITO)导电玻璃、聚二氧乙基噻吩(PEDOT)电子阻挡层、发光层、阴极。发光层(EML)由主体材料和掺杂材料构成。其中主体材料为PVK/OXD-7,掺杂材料(dopant)为本发明优选材料其中一种磷光材料,掺杂材料在主体材料中的质量百分比(x%)为8.0%~16.0%。阴极由钡(Ba)层和铝(Al)层构成。
制作的聚合物电致发光器件的结构如下:
ITO/PEDOT(40nm)/EML(60nm)/TPBI(30nm)/Ba(4nm)/Al(100nm)
器件的制作程序:在处理好的ITO玻璃上,先后旋转涂敷40nm PEDOT电子阻挡层、60nm发光层(EML),30nm的电子阻挡层1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯(TPBI),然后依次蒸镀4nm的Ba层和Al层。器件的发光面积为0.15cm2。电子阻挡层和发光层的膜厚用表面轮廓仪(Tencor,ALFA-Step500)测定。Al的厚度和沉积速度用厚度/速度仪(Sycon公司的STM-100厚度/速度仪)测定,Al的沉积速度分别为1~2nm/s。所有的操作都在氮气手套箱中进行。
聚合物发光器件的电致发光光谱通过Insta-Spec IV CCD系统(Oriel)测定,亮度通过硅光电二极管测定和PR-705spectrascan光谱测定仪校正(PhotoResearch),电流-电压特性通过由Kethiey 4200半导体性能测试系统测定,近红外聚合物电致发光器件的辐射强度由UDT A370光谱仪测定。
实施例3
D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂配合物的光物理性能及单发光层聚合物电致发光器件性能。
(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2在二氯甲烷(DCM)溶液中的紫外吸收光谱如图1所示。其中在250-350nm区间的吸收归属于配体内自旋允许的π-π*电子跃迁1LC,375-520nm区间的吸收归属于配体内的电子跃迁1ILCT及配体与金属之间电子跃迁1MLCT。(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2在DCM溶液中的光致发光光谱如图2所示。其中,450-570nm处为荧光发射区间,650-850nm处为磷光发射区间。其中,700nm发射峰主要为芘的三线态发射3LC,在更低能量处发射肩峰主要为3ILCT发射。600nm发射峰表现出明显的三线态磷光发射峰,归属于第二个铂与芘的远程耦合作用。
在12.0wt.%~16.0wt.%不同掺杂浓度下,(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂PVK/OXD-7的聚合物发光器件电致发光光谱图如图3所示。从图中可以看出,掺杂器件在电场作用下均主要表现出两个区域的发射峰,位于425nm附近的发射峰归属于主体材料PVK/OXD-7的发射,700nm附近处的近红外发射峰归属于配合物的本征发射峰。在低掺杂浓度下,有主体材料PVK/OXD-7的发射峰存在;随着掺杂浓度的增加,主体材料的发射强度降低,配合物的本征发射峰强度逐渐增加。
在8.0wt.%~16.0wt.%不同掺杂浓度下,(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂PVK/OXD-7的聚合物电致发光器件在不同电流密度下的J-V-R曲线如图4所示。其中,在(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂器件中,在掺杂浓度为16.0wt.%时,器件获得近红外电致发光最大辐射强度为26.9μW/cm2。
在8.0wt%~16.0wt%不同掺杂浓度下,(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂PVK/OXD-7的聚合物电致发光器件在不同电流密度下的外量子效率图如图5所示。其中,在(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2掺杂器件中,在掺杂浓度为16.0wt.%时获得近红外电致发光最大外量子效率为0.31%。
尽管结合了优选实施例对本发明进行了说明,但本发明并不局限于上述实施例,应当理解所附权利要求概括了本发明的范围。在本发明构思的指导下,本领域的技术人员应当意识到,对本发明的各实施例方案所进行的一定的改变,都将被本发明的权利要求书的精神和范围所覆盖。
表1(Py-Py-Pyr)[Pt(dpm)]2的电致发光性能数据
Claims (6)
1.一种具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物,其特征在于:具有式Ⅰ结构;
其中,
Ar1为基团;
Ar2为基团;
Ar3为基团;
R1为烷基、烷氧基或氢原子;
R2为氟原子或氢原子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物,其特征在于:为以下化合物中一种:
其中,R为C1~C4的烷基或C1~C4的烷氧基。
3.权利要求1或2所述具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的应用,其特征在于:作为发光层掺杂材料应用于制备近红外有机电致发光器件。
4.根据权利要求3具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的应用,其特征在于:具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物与共轭高分子主体材料复合制备近红外有机电致发光器件的发光层。
5.根据权利要求4具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的应用,其特征在于:所述的具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的质量为共轭高分子主体材料质量的8~16%。
6.根据权利要求5具有D-A-A构型π共轭体系的不对称双核环金属铂(II)配合物的应用,其特征在于:所述的共轭高分子主体材料为PVK和OXD-7混合物。
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