CN105998931A - 一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂及制备方法,制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成为:川谷根、眼子菜、半截叶、薇籽、乌梅、贯众、芜荑、痢止蒿、娃娃拳、使君子、大血藤、皮哨子、白藤、椿白皮、花椒和黄连;本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,材料易取,配方及制备方法简单,制备药物费用低廉,针对蛔虫病治疗具有理气止痛、安蛔驱虫、清热利胆、清热导滞之功效,对于治疗蛔虫病具有显著效果,且疗程短,见效快,安全无毒副作用,可广泛应用于蛔虫病的临床治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,特别涉及一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂及制备方法。
背景技术
蛔虫病是由似蚓蛔线虫寄生于人体小肠或其他器官所引起的最常见寄生虫病。国内流行广泛,儿童发病为多。临床表现依寄生或侵入部位、感染程度不同而有很大差异,仅限于肠道时称肠蛔虫病。多数肠蛔虫病无自觉症状,儿童患者常有不同程度的消化道症状。蛔虫进入胆管、胰腺、阑尾及肝脏等脏器,或蚴虫移行至肺部、眼、脑、甲状腺及脊髓等器官时,可导致相应的异位性病变,严重时可引起胆管炎、胰腺炎、阑尾炎、肠梗阻、肠穿孔及腹膜炎等并发症。
蛔虫病的主要症状有夜间磨牙、嗜酸性粒细胞增多、灰白大便、蛔虫感染、肠壁坏死、小儿右上腹阵发性绞痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽、食欲异常和发热。
蛔虫成虫寄生在小肠内,症状的轻重与蛔虫数目的多少,所在部位均有关系。轻者小儿仅有食欲不佳和腹痛,疼痛一般不重,多位于脐周或稍上方,痛无定时,反复发作,持续时间不定。个别患儿可有偏食或异食癖(喜吃炉渣,土块)。重者可造成营养不良,贫血甚至生长发育迟缓,智力发育较差等现象。蛔虫的蚴虫在体内移行过程中,可引起肝脏肿大压痛和肝功能异常。移行到肺脏可出现干咳、暴喘发憋、咯血痰等症,在皮肤可引起荨麻疹、皮肤瘙痒、脑膜炎、癫痫等。
目前治疗蛔虫病的药物很多,但现有药物配伍过于复杂。因此,我们急需研制一种简单安全无副作用的中药来帮助患者摆脱蛔虫病带来的痛苦。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂及制备方法,本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,材料易取,配方及制备方法简单,制备药物费用低廉,针对蛔虫病治疗具有理气止痛、安蛔驱虫、清热利胆、清热导滞之功效,对于治疗蛔虫病具有显著效果,且疗程短,见效快,安全无毒副作用,可广泛应用于蛔虫病的临床治疗。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂,制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将川谷根、眼子菜、薇籽、贯众、芜荑、痢止蒿、使君子、皮哨子和花椒放入容器中,首先加入10-15倍量蒸馏水浸泡4-5小时后,加热煮沸3-4小时,提取;第二次加8-10倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸2-3小时,提取;第三次加6-8倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸1-2小时,提取;合并提取液,滤过,得滤液备用;
(2)将半截叶、娃娃拳、大血藤、白藤和椿白皮加10倍量体积浓度70%乙醇提取三次,每次3小时,滤过,合并滤液,放置过夜,回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓液备用;
(3)将乌梅用醋拌匀,闷润至醋被吸尽时,置适宜的容器内密闭,隔水或用蒸气加热2-4小时,取出干燥,倒入锅内,文火炒制,放凉后,捣碎研末,得到过200目的细粉,备用;
(4)将黄连微波烘干,研末,得到过160目的细粉,备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)-(4)所制得的滤液、浓液和细粉混合,制成颗粒,即为所述的治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
川谷根:味甘、淡,性微寒;归脾、膀胱经。清热利湿,通淋止血,消积杀虫。主热淋,血淋,膏淋,崩漏,白带,水肿,湿热黄疸,食积腹胀,蛔虫症。
眼子菜:味苦,性寒;归胆、肝、膀胱经。清热解毒,利湿通淋,止血,驱蛔。主湿热痢疾,黄疸,热淋,带下,鼻衄,痔疮出血,蛔虫病,疮痈肿毒。《四川中药志》载:“消气膨胀,疗黄疸,瘰疬,痔疮,并治小儿螬气腹痛。”
半截叶:味微苦,性温。祛风湿,补肝肾,活血调经,杀虫截疟。主风温滑痛,腰酸背痛,肝炎,肝硬化,月经不调,跌打损伤,骨折,疟疾,蛔虫病。《云南思茅中草药选》载:“舒筋活络,散瘀活血,止咳化痰,驱虫。治风湿骨痛,关节炎,疟疾,痰阻,蛔虫症。”
薇籽:味辛,性微温;归肝、胆、大肠经。解毒驱虫,活血消肿。主黄疸,蛔虫症,外伤肿痛,骨折。
乌梅:味酸,性平;归肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、大肠经。敛肺止咳,涩肠止泻,止血,生津,安蛔。主久咳,虚热烦渴,久疟,久泻,痢疾,便血,尿血,血崩,蛔厥腹痛,呕吐,钩虫病。《纲目》载:“敛肺涩肠,治久嗽,泻痢,反胃噎膈,蛔厥吐利,消肿,涌痰,杀虫,解鱼毒、马汗毒、硫黄毒。”
贯众:味苦、涩,性微寒,有小毒;归肝、胃经。杀虫,清热,解毒,凉血止血。主风热感冒,温热癍疹,吐血,咳血,衄血,便血,崩漏,血痢,带下及钩、蛔、绦虫等肠寄生虫病。《东北常用中草药手册》载:“驱虫,止血,清热解毒。治蛔虫,绦虫,虫积腹痛;子宫功能性出血,白带。贯众放在水缸中,饮用其水,预防流行性感冒、感冒、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、麻疹。”
芜荑:味苦、辛,性温;归脾、胃经。杀虫消积,除湿止痢。主虫积腹痛,小儿疳积,久泻久痢,疮汤,疥癣。《神农本草经》载:“主五内邪气,散皮肤骨节中淫温行毒,去三虫,化食。”现代医学研究证实,芜荑醇浸提取物在体外对猪蛔虫、蚯蚓、蚂蝗皆有显着治虫效力。
痢止蒿:味苦、辛,性寒。清热解毒,利水通淋,散瘀止痛,驱虫。主肺热咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,痢疾,黄疸,热淋,水肿,乳腺炎;脉管炎,痈疮疖肿,跌打损伤,外伤出血,蛔虫病。
娃娃拳:味甘、苦,性温;归肝、脾、胃经。健脾益气,祛风除湿,固精止带。主脾虚食少,久脱肛,小儿疳积,蛔虫病,风湿痹痛,遗精,崩漏,带下,子宫脱垂。《贵州草药》载:“祛风除湿,理气消痞。”
使君子:味甘,性温;归脾、胃经。杀虫消积。用于蛔虫、蛲虫病,虫积腹痛,小儿疳积。《本草正》载:“使君子,凡小儿食此,亦不宜频而多,大约性滑,多则能伤脾也。但使君子专杀蛔虫,榧子专杀寸白虫耳。”现代医学研究证实,使君子对猪蛔、蚯蚓、蚂蝗均有较强的驱除效能。
大血藤:味苦,性平;归肝、大肠经。解毒消痈,活血止痛,祛风除湿,杀虫。主肠痈,痢疾,乳痛,痛经,经闭,跌打损伤,风湿痹痛,虫积腹痛。《陕西中草药》载:“抗菌消炎,消肿散结,理气活血,祛风杀虫。治阑尾炎,月经不调,崩漏,小儿疳积,蛔虫、蛲虫症。”
皮哨子:味苦,性微寒;归肾、膀胱经。行气消积,解毒杀虫。主疝气疼痛,小儿疳积,乳蛾,痄腮,疥癞,黄水疮,蛔虫症。《滇南本草图说》载:“治七疝肝气症,狐疝用茴香为使;水疝用陈皮为使;余者引用橘核为使;烧灰吹鼻,治诸虫入脑。”
白藤:味辛,性平;归肺、肝经。活血散瘀,解毒,杀虫。主慢性胃炎,黄疸型肝炎,跌打肿痛,骨折,疔疮,湿疹,疥疮,蛔虫病。《广西发话药简编》载:“用于驱蛔虫时,忌吃肉腻食物。”
椿白皮:味苦、涩,性微寒;归大肠、胃经。清热燥湿,涩肠止血,止带杀虫。主泄泻,痢疾,肠风便血,崩漏,带下,蛔虫病,丝虫病,疮癣。《医林纂要》载:“泄肺逆,燥脾湿,去血中湿热。治泄泻、久痢、肠风、崩带、小便赤数。”
花椒:味辛,性温,小毒;归脾、肺、肝、肾、心、心包经。温中止痛,除湿止泻,杀虫止痒。主脾胃虚寒之脘腹冷痛,蛔虫腹痛,呕吐泄泻,肺寒咳喘,肺寒咳喘,龋齿牙痛,阴痒带下,湿疹皮肤瘙痒。《名医别录》载:“疗喉痹,吐逆,疝瘕,去老血,产后余疾腹痛,出汗,利五脏。除六腑寒冷,伤寒,温疟,大风汗不出,心腹留饮,宿食,肠僻下痢,泄精,女子字乳余疾,散风邪瘕结,水肿,黄疸,杀虫鱼毒,开腠理,通血脉,坚齿发,调关节,耐寒暑,可作膏药。”
黄连:味苦,性寒;归心、肝、胃、大肠经。泻火,燥湿,解毒,杀虫。治时行热毒,伤寒,热盛心烦,痞满呕逆,菌痢,热泻腹痛,肺结按,吐、衄、下血,消渴,疳积,蛔虫病,百日咳,咽喉肿痛,火眼,口疮,痈疽疮毒,湿疹,汤火烫伤。《本草备要》载:“治痈疽疮疥,酒毒,胎毒。除疳,杀蛔。”
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,材料易取,配方及制备方法简单,制备药物费用低廉,针对蛔虫病治疗具有理气止痛、安蛔驱虫、清热利胆、清热导滞之功效,对于治疗蛔虫病具有显著效果,且疗程短,见效快,安全无毒副作用,可广泛应用于蛔虫病的临床治疗。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本发明中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将川谷根、眼子菜、薇籽、贯众、芜荑、痢止蒿、使君子、皮哨子和花椒放入容器中,首先加入10-15倍量蒸馏水浸泡4-5小时后,加热煮沸3-4小时,提取;第二次加8-10倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸2-3小时,提取;第三次加6-8倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸1-2小时,提取;合并提取液,滤过,得滤液备用;
(2)将半截叶、娃娃拳、大血藤、白藤和椿白皮加10倍量体积浓度70%乙醇提取三次,每次3小时,滤过,合并滤液,放置过夜,回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓液备用;
(3)将乌梅用醋拌匀,闷润至醋被吸尽时,置适宜的容器内密闭,隔水或用蒸气加热2-4小时,取出干燥,倒入锅内,文火炒制,放凉后,捣碎研末,得到过200目的细粉,备用;
(4)将黄连微波烘干,研末,得到过160目的细粉,备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)-(4)所制得的滤液、浓液和细粉混合,制成颗粒,即为所述的治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂。
用法用量:口服,每次1袋,每日2次,2天为一疗程,1到2个疗程即可痊愈;病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
实施例2
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例中药药剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例中药药剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例中药药剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
选择蛔虫病患者180例临床观察,病人随机分成两组,治疗组90例,其中男性45例,女性45例,年龄6-50岁,平均年龄26岁,病程1个月-2年;对照组90例,其中男性45例,女性45例,年龄6-50岁,平均年龄26.8岁,病程1个月-2年;两组患者病历基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性,两组均按要求控制饮食。
2、治疗方法:
治疗组的患者服用本发明中药制剂,口服,每次1袋,每日2次,2天为一疗程,连续服用1到2个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组服用丙硫咪唑,按说明书用,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
3、疗效判断:
(1)治愈:夜间磨牙、嗜酸性粒细胞增多、灰白大便、蛔虫感染、肠壁坏死、小儿右上腹阵发性绞痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽、食欲异常、发热等症状消失,生活恢复正常。
(2)好转:上述症状有所缓解。
(3)无效:症状无变化。
4、治疗结果:
治疗组:治愈65例,好转20例,无效5例,治愈率为72.2%,总有效率为94.4%。
对照组:治愈20例,好转25例,无效45例,治愈率为22.2%,总有效率为50%。
以上结果显示,治疗组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
5、典型病例举例:
(1)江某,女,45岁,工人,云南玉溪人。患者近半年来,脐部周围阵发性腹痛,人感疲乏。来我院就诊时,患者消瘦,按之腹部无压痛感。经B超检查无其他疾病症状,诊断为蛔虫病。服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,疼痛得到明显缓解;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,痊愈,未复发。
(2)习某,女,33岁,经理,四川乐山人。患者出现不定时反复发作腹痛的症状,位于脐周,不伴有腹肌紧张与压痛。来我院就诊,经检查确诊为蛔虫病。给予服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,腹痛得到明显缓解;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,身体痊愈,未复发。
(3)马某,男,29岁,业务员,浙江舟山人。患者出现食欲减退、恶心、消化不良、烦躁不安、荨麻疹等症状。吃过很多药后,未有效果。为进一步诊治,遂来我院就诊,经检查确诊为蛔虫病。后服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,病情得到明显缓解;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,痊愈,未复发。
(4)周某,男,25岁,销售员,湖北荆州人。患者时而腹泻和便秘,常突然发生脐周阵发性疼痛,按之无压痛。来我院就诊,经检查确诊为蛔虫病。后经朋友介绍服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,疼痛明显缓解;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,蛔虫消失,身体恢复正常,未复发。
(5)袁某,女,18岁,学生,河北沧州人。患者出现夜间磨牙、灰白大便、食欲异常等症状。来我院就诊,经检查确诊为蛔虫病。给予服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,上述症状明显缓解;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,蛔虫消失,随访未复发。
(6)肖某,男,8岁,陕西延安人。患者出现惊厥、夜惊、磨牙、异食癖等症状,经家人陪同来我院就诊,经检查确诊为蛔虫病。给予服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,病情得到明显缓解;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程,痊愈,随访未复发。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
川谷根40-68份 眼子菜37-65份 半截叶35-59份 薇籽35-59份
乌梅33-57份 贯众33-57份 芜荑31-55份 痢止蒿26-50份
娃娃拳23-47份 使君子20-44份 大血藤20-40份 皮哨子19-39份
白藤18-38份 椿白皮17-37份 花椒15-35份 黄连13-33份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
川谷根61份 眼子菜58份 半截叶53份 薇籽53份
乌梅50份 贯众50份 芜荑48份 痢止蒿43份
娃娃拳41份 使君子38份 大血藤35份 皮哨子34份
白藤33份 椿白皮32份 花椒30份 黄连28份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
川谷根54份 眼子菜51份 半截叶47份 薇籽47份
乌梅44份 贯众44份 芜荑42份 痢止蒿37份
娃娃拳35份 使君子32份 大血藤30份 皮哨子29份
白藤28份 椿白皮27份 花椒25份 黄连23份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
川谷根47份 眼子菜44份 半截叶41份 薇籽41份
乌梅38份 贯众38份 芜荑36份 痢止蒿31份
娃娃拳29份 使君子26份 大血藤25份 皮哨子24份
白藤23份 椿白皮22份 花椒20份 黄连18份。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一项所述的治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将川谷根、眼子菜、薇籽、贯众、芜荑、痢止蒿、使君子、皮哨子和花椒放入容器中,首先加入10-15倍量蒸馏水浸泡4-5小时后,加热煮沸3-4小时,提取;第二次加8-10倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸2-3小时,提取;第三次加6-8倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸1-2小时,提取;合并提取液,滤过,得滤液备用;
(2)将半截叶、娃娃拳、大血藤、白藤和椿白皮加10倍量体积浓度70%乙醇提取三次,每次3小时,滤过,合并滤液,放置过夜,回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓液备用;
(3)将乌梅用醋拌匀,闷润至醋被吸尽时,置适宜的容器内密闭,隔水或用蒸气加热2-4小时,取出干燥,倒入锅内,文火炒制,放凉后,捣碎研末,得到过200目的细粉,备用;
(4)将黄连微波烘干,研末,得到过160目的细粉,备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)-(4)所制得的滤液、浓液和细粉混合,制成颗粒,即为所述的治疗蛔虫病的中药制剂。
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