CN105994038B - A kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994038B CN105994038B CN201610350353.3A CN201610350353A CN105994038B CN 105994038 B CN105994038 B CN 105994038B CN 201610350353 A CN201610350353 A CN 201610350353A CN 105994038 B CN105994038 B CN 105994038B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation methods, specific steps include pond construction, clean up the pond, put seedling and bait throwing in cultivation, seawater is stored to 4 6cm of razor clam farm when cleaning up the pond, according to the quick lime of the tea seed cake for taking 8 12kg per acre and 10 20kg, tea seed cake and quick lime are soaked in water full pool spilling head after 22 26h, water is drained into swap-in fresh seawater after 70 74h, remaining toxin is released according to 450 550ml full pool spilling head organic acids per acre；Using fresh small fish shrimp or compact seashell as feed when bait throwing in cultivates.The present invention according to feeding habits, ecological habit complementation aquaculture organism by a certain percentage, density cultivates in same pond, it is formed with the three dimensional-breeding pattern of shrimp, shellfish and crab, pond self-purification capacity is made to be improved, bait is using fully, quantity of exchanged water reduces 30% during cultivation, there is not extensive disease phenomenon, promotes the healthy growth of aquaculture organism, increase yield, reduce cost, income is increased, medicament residue is not present, aquatic product quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique field, specifically a kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method.
Background technology
Exopalaemon carinicauda, belongs to Palaemonidae also known as small white shrimp, and exopalaemon carinicauda is a kind of medium-sized shrimps, the long 5-9cm of body, frontal eminence
Flat-sided elongated, base portion 1/3 has cockscomb shape protuberance, and upper lower edge has sawtooth, and upper limb has 6-9 teeth, lower edge 3-6 teeth, periproct distal tip
Carefully, it is in thorn-like, body colour is transparent, micro-strip blue or red fleck, and abdomen respectively saves that rear color is deeper, and Postmortem is white, boils
After ripe in addition to slightly taking on a red color end to end, rest part is all white, therefore claims " white shrimp ".
Razor clam of hanging is planted by beneficial razor clam, guiding principle Bivalvia, mesh curtain clam mesh, razor clam section of section, and a kind of mollusk, shell rectangle is filbert,
It lives in along ooze, meat flavour is delicious, and scientific name is hung razor clam.
Mud crab, guiding principle hapalonychia guiding principle, mesh Decapoda, section's Portumidae belong to mud crab category；Outer shape, mud crab is because of body
Color is dark green and gains the name, and mud crab carapace is slightly ob-round, and surface is smooth, and center is slightly swelled, subregion unobvious, first face and attached
Limb is in green edge color, has apparent " H " shape dent, volume to have 4 lance tooths outstanding between back side gastric area and heart district, relatively interior eye socket
Prominent, cephalolateral margin has 9 pieces of medium sized teeth, and last tooth is small and mucro goes out, and is directing forwardly, and the foot of a chela grows, and two chelas are asymmetric, meropodium
Leading edge has 3 ratchets, and it is perverse that rear has 2 spine；The outer last edge of carpopodium has 2 cognates, 1 strong thorn of interior end angle tool；Propodite swelling and it is smooth, male
There are 2 oncus, end to have 1 quil for individual particularly swelling, the back side, and the interior outside of finger joint respectively has 1 duct, the gap between two fingers
Larger, the tooth of inner edge is big and blunt；First three has undercoat, prosthomere and the flat slurry of finger joint of foot couple step to the front and rear edges of step finger joint
Shape is suitable for swimming；Male abdomen is in wide triangle, and Section 6 end edge indent, edge is straight, and both side edges are straight, minor details end edge blunt circle, female
Property abdomen in wide round.The wide reachable 20cm of first, weight have 1.5kg.
Traditional shrimp shellfish crab pond polyculture causes largely to use violation medicine often because mismanagement causes disease to increase
Product use and antibiotic drug.Because chemistry, antibiotic drug residue cause to cultivate difficulty increase, yield is reduced year by year, while
Reduce the quality of all kinds of aquatic products of shrimp shellfish crab.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivations for reducing cost, increasing yield
Method, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method, is as follows：
（1）Pond is built：With 20-25 mus of land development pond, dykes and dams are trapezoidal, the wide 3.5-4.5m in bottom, and top is wide
The concrete of 1.8-2.2m, height 1.5-2.5m, pond inside 7-9cm thickness smooth out, from ring at internal side of dyke or dam 3.5-4.5m
Dam is ditched, the wide 3.5-4.5m in ditch bottom, ditch mouth width 7-9m, ditch depth 1.5-2.5m；Soil is flattened with horizontal plane in circular groove, does razor clam farm
With razor clam farm width is 3m, and two centres are separated with the deep irrigation canals and ditches of 45-55cm wide, 25-35cm, with 40 mesh at the 40cm of razor clam farm bottom
Screen cloth place mat is the 25% of the pond gross area convenient for harvesting, razor clam farm area, and two head rests is selected to be built into position among the dykes and dams in gutter
Into emptying gate, anti-harmful animal, anti-escape guard are both provided with into draining sluice gate；
（2）It cleans up the pond：Seawater is stored to razor clam farm 4-6cm, according to the life stone for the tea seed cake and 10-20kg for taking 8-12kg per acre
Tea seed cake and quick lime are soaked in water full pool spilling head after 22-26h by ash, and water is drained swap-in fresh seawater after 70-74h, according to
450-550ml full pool spilling heads organic acid releases remaining toxin per acre；
（3）Put seedling：Put razor clam seedling around Clear and Bright in a suitable place to breed, razor clam farm sows 300,000 razor clam seedlings per acre, razor clam farm layer overlay after lower seedling 20 days
The nylon wire of 3cm meshes；The lunar calendar puts crab seedling in a suitable place to breed at the beginning of 5 months, the water surface puts 1500 white seedlings of mud crab in a suitable place to breed per acre, is put in a suitable place to breed often with the January
The mu small white shrimp shrimp species of 0.5kg carry out full pool spilling head before and after lower seedling according to 250-350mL per acre using Bdellovibrio；
（4）Bait throwing in cultivates：Using fresh small fish shrimp or compact seashell as feed, feeding method is with reference to conventional cultivation mould
Formula；It carries out changing water Drug use administration and disease control management during cultivation.
As a further solution of the present invention：The step（3）In small white shrimp shrimp species be wild seed shrimp add cultivation kind
Each half of shrimp.
As a further solution of the present invention：The water Drug use administration that changes specifically includes following several parts：
（1）Change water：Respectively to be changed within 3 days before and after spring tide lunar calendar beginning of each month three and 18, water is primary, and every 7 days of the 10-12 months changed water
Once；
（2）Water transfer：According to the amount of 1.5-2.5kg per acre, a full pool spilling head composite bacteria liquid was used per 5-7 days；
（3）Rich water：4-6 months, according to the amount of 0.8-1.2kg per acre, used per 5-7 days biological organic fertilizer or amino acid into
Row training algae, 2 months next years of October-carry out training algae rich water according to the amount of 2.5-3.5kg per acre using biological organic fertilizer and amino acid；
（4）Water body purification：Primary purification monthly is carried out to water body with organic acid；
（5）Improve immunity：The 10-12 month razor clam egg-laying seasons use multi-vitamins in every 15 days according to the amount of 25-35g per acre
Full pool spilling head enhances razor clam object immunity.
As a further solution of the present invention：The organic acid is tartaric acid.
As a further solution of the present invention：The disease control management specifically includes following several parts：
（1）The 4-6 month moss high-incidence seasons：With bacillus subtilis plus special probiotics full pool spilling head, coordinate sodium humate every
Mu 1kg splashes moss close quarters, biological organic fertilizer culture beneficial algae of splashing in time after moss death；The withered grass gemma
The proportioning of bacillus, special probiotics and sodium humate is 1:3:3；
（2）5-6 months small white shrimp period of disease：According to taking 150-250mL Bdellovibrios, 45-55g gemma bars per acre when prevention
Bacterium, the feed of 18-22gVC, 80-120kg, the biologic antibiotic peptide of 180-220g, 4.5-5.5kg compound probiotic liquid, using liter
Bdellovibrio full pool spilling head, bacillus and VC mix fodders feed progress；With biologic antibiotic peptide full pool spilling head when morbidity, coordinate compound
Bacterium solution full pool spilling head；
（3）Balantidiasis：In the 5-10 months, often periodically carried out according to 2.5-3.5kg per acre with compound probiotic liquid within 5-10 days
Full pool spilling head, when high temperature season balantidiasis is occurred frequently, in night when water temperature is reduced to 30 degree or less with compound probiotic liquid by
Full pool spilling head is carried out according to 5-7kg per acre；
（4）Emergency reaction caused by change in weather and vibrios largely grow：According to take per acre 150-250mL Bdellovibrio,
It is pre- to pay close attention to weather for multi-vitamins, the compound probiotic liquid of 2.5-3.5kg and the taurine of 15-25mL of 18-22g
It reports, adds multi-vitamins to carry out full pool spilling head using Bdellovibrio before change in weather, added with compound probiotic liquid after weather stabilization
Taurine carries out full pool spilling head；
（5）The razor clam egg-laying season in November：It was carried out during this period according to 25-35g per acre using multi-vitamins every 10-15 days
Full pool spilling head；
（6）Ammonia nitrogen is poisoned：The amino acid of 1kg carries out training algae with Novel microbial organic fertilizer and per acre.
As a further solution of the present invention：The composite bacteria liquid is by the microorganism fungus kind of two or more and mutual not antagonism
Manufactured microorganism formulation, the microbial bacteria include promise Cattell actinomyces, bacillus subtilis, gel-shaped bacillus, solution
In phosphorus bacillus megaterium, wax-like sample bacillus, bacillus thuringiensis, photosynthetic bacteria, trichobacteria and alcohol yeast
It is two or more.
As further scheme of the invention：The special probiotics is by the microorganism of two or more and mutual not antagonism
Microorganism formulation made of strain, the microbial bacteria include promise Cattell actinomyces, gel-shaped bacillus, the huge gemma of phosphorus decomposing
It is two or more in bacillus, wax-like sample bacillus, bacillus thuringiensis, photosynthetic bacteria 8, trichobacteria and alcohol yeast.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention according to feeding habits, ecological habit complementation aquaculture organism by a certain percentage, density carries out in same pond
Cultivation, is formed with the three dimensional-breeding pattern of shrimp, shellfish and crab, pond self-purification capacity is made to be improved, and bait is supported using fully
Quantity of exchanged water reduces 30% during growing, and extensive disease phenomenon does not occur, promotes the healthy growth of aquaculture organism, increase
Yield reduces cost, increases income, and medicament residue is not present, can improve aquatic product quality.
Specific implementation mode
The technical solution of this patent is described in more detail With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method, is as follows：
（1）Pond is built：With 20 mu of land development pond, dykes and dams are trapezoidal, the wide 3.5m in bottom, top width 1.8m, high
1.5m is spent, is smoothed out with the concrete of 7cm thickness on the inside of pond, is ditched from ring dam at internal side of dyke or dam 3.5m, the wide 3.5m in ditch bottom, ditch
Mouth width 7m, ditch depth 1.5m；Soil is flattened with horizontal plane in circular groove, does razor clam farm use, and razor clam farm width is 3m, and two centres are with 45cm
Wide, 25cm depths irrigation canals and ditches separate, and length is determined according to pond length, are convenient for adopting with 40 mesh screen cloth place mats at the 40cm of razor clam farm bottom
It receives, razor clam farm area is the 25% of the pond gross area, and two head rests is selected to be built into position among the dykes and dams in gutter into emptying gate, into
Draining sluice gate is both provided with anti-harmful animal, anti-escape guard；
（2）It cleans up the pond：Seawater is stored to razor clam farm 4cm, according to the quick lime for the tea seed cake and 10kg for taking 8kg per acre, by tea seed
Cake and quick lime are soaked in water full pool spilling head after 22h, and water is drained swap-in fresh seawater after 70h, complete according to 450-550ml per acre
Pond organic acid of splashing releases remaining toxin；
（3）Put seedling：Put razor clam seedling around Clear and Bright in a suitable place to breed, razor clam farm sows 300,000 razor clam seedlings per acre, razor clam farm layer overlay after lower seedling 20 days
The nylon wire of 3cm meshes prevents the beneficial razor clam of mud crab predation；The lunar calendar puts crab seedling in a suitable place to breed at the beginning of 5 months, it is white to put 1500 mud crabs in a suitable place to breed for the water surface per acre
Seedling puts the small white shrimp shrimp species of 0.5kg per acre in a suitable place to breed with the January, full pond is carried out using Bdellovibrio according to 250mL per acre before and after lower seedling
It splashes, the shrimp species of small white shrimp are that wild seed shrimp adds cultivation each half of seed shrimp；
（4）Bait throwing in cultivates：Using fresh small fish shrimp or compact seashell as feed, feeding method is with reference to conventional cultivation mould
Formula；It carries out changing water Drug use administration and disease control management during cultivation.
The water Drug use administration that changes specifically includes following several parts：
（1）Change water：It is primary respectively to change water within 3 days before and after spring tide lunar calendar beginning of each month three and 18（Except the razor clam egg-laying season）,
It is primary that every 7 days of the 10-12 months changed water；
（2）Water transfer：According to the amount of 1.5kg per acre, a full pool spilling head composite bacteria liquid was used per 5-7 days；
（3）Rich water：It is 4-6 months, every to be trained using biological organic fertilizer or amino acid within 5-7 days according to the amount of 0.8kg per acre
Algae, 2 months next years of October-carry out training algae rich water according to the amount of 2.5kg per acre using biological organic fertilizer and amino acid；
（4）Water body purification：Primary purification monthly is carried out to water body with organic acid；
（5）Improve immunity：In the 10-12 month razor clam egg-laying seasons, according to the amount of 25g per acre, every 15 days complete with multi-vitamins
Pond, which is splashed, enhances razor clam object immunity.
The disease control management specifically includes following several parts：
（1）The 4-6 month moss high-incidence seasons：Beneficial algae nutrient source and living environment are grabbed because moss largely grows, influences to have
Beneficial algae reproduction causes water body excessively thin, and shellfish deprivation of food is caused to influence growth；Traditional solutions are killed with prometryn
Go out moss, this similar drug can cause shellfish stimulate or poisoning after influence feed, while also influencing the survival rate of juvenile prawn crab；Use withered grass
Bacillus adds special probiotics full pool spilling head, and 1kg's cooperation sodium humate splashes moss close quarters per acre, after moss death
Timely biological organic fertilizer culture beneficial algae of splashing, this method can effectively solve a large amount of growth problems of moss, and product used is not
Containing chemistry, antibiotic composition；The proportioning of the bacillus subtilis, special probiotics and sodium humate is 1:3:3；
（2）5-6 months small white shrimp period of disease：Traditional solutions are prevented using chemosterilant added with antibiotic, are easy
It generates drug resistance and antibiotic residue causes damages to human body and environment, influenced to restrict control effect unobvious by weather, be used
It is improper also to cause shrimp crab because of poisoning death；When prevention according to take per acre 150mL rise Bdellovibrio, 45g bacillus, 18gVC,
The feed of 80kg, the biologic antibiotic peptide of 180g, 4.5kg compound probiotic liquid, using a liter Bdellovibrio full pool spilling head, bacillus and
VC mix fodders feed progress；With biologic antibiotic peptide full pool spilling head when morbidity, coordinate composite bacteria liquid full pool spilling head, such solution
Principle allows beneficial microbe mass propagation to squeeze pathogenic bacteria living space, while increasing shrimps immunity, reduces incidence, reduces
The small white shrimp death rate；
（3）7-10 months are balantidiasis season occurred frequently：Infusorian is the main disease of mud crab, and Traditional solutions are to use
Prometryn or solution of zinc sulfate are killed, this solution, larger to water quality harm, influence shellfish and shrimps feed and life
It is long, cause heavy-metal residual；In the 5-10 months, periodically full pond was carried out according to 2.5kg per acre with compound probiotic liquid per 5-10 days and sprinkled
Spill, when high temperature season balantidiasis is occurred frequently, in night when water temperature is reduced to 30 degree or less with compound probiotic liquid according to per acre
5kg carries out full pool spilling head, and the method principle is that probiotics quickly consumes a large amount of nutrient sources and organic matter, cuts off infusorian food
Chain destroys its living environment；
（4）Change in weather（Typhoon, heavy rain, continuous wet weather, high temperature, excessive temperature differentials）Caused by emergency reaction and vibrios it is a large amount of
It grows：Traditional prevention method is for oral administration using the sterilization of the chemosterilants such as chlorine dioxide or povidone iodine and antibiotic, big after use
Residual chlorine poison and antibiotic are measured, the growth of shrimp shellfish crab is influenced；According to take per acre the Bdellovibrio of 150mL, the multi-vitamins of 18g,
The compound probiotic liquid of 2.5kg and the taurine of 15mL are paid close attention to weather forecast, are added using Bdellovibrio before change in weather multiple
It closes vitamin and carries out full pool spilling head, add taurine to carry out full pool spilling head with compound probiotic liquid after weather stabilization；
（5）The razor clam egg-laying season in November：It tries not largely to change water in the meantime, lays eggs and cause after avoiding razor clam stimulated
Death, during this period every 10-15 days using multi-vitamins according to 25g per acre carry out full pool spilling head, to increase razor clam
Immunity reduces the death rate；
（6）Ammonia nitrogen is poisoned：Tradition culture algae uses composite fertilizer and urea mostly, is susceptible to because of a large amount of Fertilizer applications,
Ammonia nitrogen poisoning is generated, razor clam eye closing can be caused not feed, the poisoning of shrimp crab is slow in action or death, and traditional countermeasure is largely to change
Water is simultaneously whetted the appetite with tartaric acid according to the removing toxic substances of 300mL per acre, then dissolves nitrogen according to 50g per acre with bacillus subtilis；With micro- life
The amino acid of organic fertilizer and per acre 1kg carry out training algae.
Embodiment 2
A kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method, is as follows：
（1）Pond is built：With 22 mu of land development pond, dykes and dams are trapezoidal, the wide 4m in bottom, top width 2m, height 2m,
It is smoothed out with the concrete of 8cm thickness on the inside of pond, is ditched from ring dam at internal side of dyke or dam 4m, the wide 4m in ditch bottom, ditch mouth width 8m, ditch depth
2m；Soil is flattened with horizontal plane in circular groove, does razor clam farm use, and razor clam farm width is 3m, and two centres are with 50cm wide, 30cm deep irrigation canals and ditches
It separates, length is determined according to pond length, and with 40 mesh screen cloth place mats convenient for harvesting at the 40cm of razor clam farm bottom, razor clam farm area is pond
The 25% of the gross area selects two head rests to be built into position among the dykes and dams in gutter into emptying gate, is both provided with into draining sluice gate anti-
Enemy, anti-escape guard；
（2）It cleans up the pond：Seawater is stored to razor clam farm 5cm, according to the quick lime for the tea seed cake and 15kg for taking 10g per acre, by tea seed
Water is drained swap-in fresh seawater after 72h by full pool spilling head after cake and quick lime are soaked in water for 24 hours, is sprinkled according to the full ponds 500ml per acre
It spills organic acid and releases remaining toxin；
（3）Put seedling：Put razor clam seedling around Clear and Bright in a suitable place to breed, razor clam farm sows 300,000 razor clam seedlings per acre, razor clam farm layer overlay after lower seedling 20 days
The nylon wire of 3cm meshes prevents the beneficial razor clam of mud crab predation；The lunar calendar puts crab seedling in a suitable place to breed at the beginning of 5 months, it is white to put 1500 mud crabs in a suitable place to breed for the water surface per acre
Seedling puts the small white shrimp shrimp species of 0.5kg per acre in a suitable place to breed with the January, full pond is carried out using Bdellovibrio according to 300mL per acre before and after lower seedling
It splashes, the shrimp species of small white shrimp are that wild seed shrimp adds cultivation each half of seed shrimp；
（4）Bait throwing in cultivates：Using fresh small fish shrimp or compact seashell as feed, feeding method is with reference to conventional cultivation mould
Formula；It carries out changing water Drug use administration and disease control management during cultivation.
The water Drug use administration that changes specifically includes following several parts：
（1）Change water：It is primary respectively to change water within 3 days before and after spring tide lunar calendar beginning of each month three and 18（Except the razor clam egg-laying season）,
It is primary that every 7 days of the 10-12 months changed water；
（2）Water transfer：According to the amount of 2kg per acre, a full pool spilling head composite bacteria liquid was used per 5-7 days；
（3）Rich water：It is 4-6 months, every to be trained using biological organic fertilizer or amino acid within 5-7 days according to the amount of 1kg per acre
Algae, 2 months next years of October-carry out training algae rich water according to the amount of 3kg per acre using biological organic fertilizer and amino acid；
（4）Water body purification：Primary purification monthly is carried out to water body with organic acid；
（5）Improve immunity：In the 10-12 month razor clam egg-laying seasons, according to the amount of 30g per acre, every 15 days complete with multi-vitamins
Pond, which is splashed, enhances razor clam object immunity.
The disease control management specifically includes following several parts：
（1）The 4-6 month moss high-incidence seasons：Beneficial algae nutrient source and living environment are grabbed because moss largely grows, influences to have
Beneficial algae reproduction causes water body excessively thin, and shellfish deprivation of food is caused to influence growth；Traditional solutions are killed with prometryn
Go out moss, this similar drug can cause shellfish stimulate or poisoning after influence feed, while also influencing the survival rate of juvenile prawn crab；Use withered grass
Bacillus adds special probiotics full pool spilling head, and 1kg's cooperation sodium humate splashes moss close quarters per acre, after moss death
Timely biological organic fertilizer culture beneficial algae of splashing, this method can effectively solve a large amount of growth problems of moss, and product used is not
Containing chemistry, antibiotic composition；The proportioning of the bacillus subtilis, special probiotics and sodium humate is 1:3:3；
（2）5-6 months small white shrimp period of disease：Traditional solutions are prevented using chemosterilant added with antibiotic, are easy
It generates drug resistance and antibiotic residue causes damages to human body and environment, influenced to restrict control effect unobvious by weather, be used
It is improper also to cause shrimp crab because of poisoning death；When prevention according to take per acre 200mL rise Bdellovibrio, 50g bacillus, 20gVC,
The feed of 100kg, the biologic antibiotic peptide of 200g, 5kg compound probiotic liquid, using a liter Bdellovibrio full pool spilling head, bacillus and
VC mix fodders feed progress；With biologic antibiotic peptide full pool spilling head when morbidity, coordinate composite bacteria liquid full pool spilling head, such solution
Principle allows beneficial microbe mass propagation to squeeze pathogenic bacteria living space, while increasing shrimps immunity, reduces incidence, reduces
The small white shrimp death rate；
（3）7-10 months are balantidiasis season occurred frequently：Infusorian is the main disease of mud crab, and Traditional solutions are to use
Prometryn or solution of zinc sulfate are killed, this solution, larger to water quality harm, influence shellfish and shrimps feed and life
It is long, cause heavy-metal residual；In the 5-10 months, full pool spilling head periodically was carried out according to 3kg per acre with compound probiotic liquid per 5-10 days,
When high temperature season balantidiasis is occurred frequently, in night when water temperature is reduced to 30 degree or less with compound probiotic liquid according to 6kg per acre
Full pool spilling head is carried out, the method principle is that probiotics quickly consumes a large amount of nutrient sources and organic matter, cuts off infusorian food chain, breaks
Its bad living environment；
（4）Change in weather（Typhoon, heavy rain, continuous wet weather, high temperature, excessive temperature differentials）Caused by emergency reaction and vibrios it is a large amount of
It grows：Traditional prevention method is for oral administration using the sterilization of the chemosterilants such as chlorine dioxide or povidone iodine and antibiotic, big after use
Residual chlorine poison and antibiotic are measured, the growth of shrimp shellfish crab is influenced；According to taking the Bdellovibrio of 200mL, the multi-vitamins of 20g, 3kg per acre
Compound probiotic liquid and 20mL taurine, pay close attention to weather forecast, add compound dimension using Bdellovibrio before change in weather
Raw element carries out full pool spilling head, adds taurine to carry out full pool spilling head with compound probiotic liquid after weather stabilization；
（5）The razor clam egg-laying season in November：It tries not largely to change water in the meantime, lays eggs and cause after avoiding razor clam stimulated
Death, during this period every 10-15 days using multi-vitamins according to 30g per acre carry out full pool spilling head, to increase razor clam
Immunity reduces the death rate；
（6）Ammonia nitrogen is poisoned：Tradition culture algae uses composite fertilizer and urea mostly, is susceptible to because of a large amount of Fertilizer applications,
Ammonia nitrogen poisoning is generated, razor clam eye closing can be caused not feed, the poisoning of shrimp crab is slow in action or death, and traditional countermeasure is largely to change
Water is simultaneously whetted the appetite with tartaric acid according to the removing toxic substances of 300mL per acre, then dissolves nitrogen according to 50g per acre with bacillus subtilis；With micro- life
The amino acid of organic fertilizer and per acre 1kg carry out training algae.
Embodiment 3
A kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method, is as follows：
（1）Pond is built：With 25 mu of land development pond, dykes and dams are trapezoidal, the wide 4.5m in bottom, top width 2.2m, high
2.5m is spent, is smoothed out with the concrete of 9cm thickness on the inside of pond, is ditched from ring dam at internal side of dyke or dam 4.5m, the wide 4.5m in ditch bottom, ditch
Mouth width 9m, ditch depth 2.5m；Soil is flattened with horizontal plane in circular groove, does razor clam farm use, and razor clam farm width is 3m, and two centres are with 55cm
Wide, 35cm depths irrigation canals and ditches separate, and length is determined according to pond length, are convenient for adopting with 40 mesh screen cloth place mats at the 40cm of razor clam farm bottom
It receives, razor clam farm area is the 25% of the pond gross area, and two head rests is selected to be built into position among the dykes and dams in gutter into emptying gate, into
Draining sluice gate is both provided with anti-harmful animal, anti-escape guard；
（2）It cleans up the pond：Seawater is stored to razor clam farm 6cm, according to the quick lime for the tea seed cake and 20kg for taking 12kg per acre, by tea seed
Cake and quick lime are soaked in water full pool spilling head after 26h, and water is drained swap-in fresh seawater after 74h, complete according to 450-550ml per acre
Pond organic acid of splashing releases remaining toxin；
（3）Put seedling：Put razor clam seedling around Clear and Bright in a suitable place to breed, razor clam farm sows 300,000 razor clam seedlings per acre, razor clam farm layer overlay after lower seedling 20 days
The nylon wire of 3cm meshes prevents the beneficial razor clam of mud crab predation；The lunar calendar puts crab seedling in a suitable place to breed at the beginning of 5 months, it is white to put 1500 mud crabs in a suitable place to breed for the water surface per acre
Seedling puts the small white shrimp shrimp species of 0.5kg per acre in a suitable place to breed with the January, full pond is carried out using Bdellovibrio according to 350mL per acre before and after lower seedling
It splashes, the shrimp species of small white shrimp are that wild seed shrimp adds cultivation each half of seed shrimp；
（4）Bait throwing in cultivates：Using fresh small fish shrimp or compact seashell as feed, feeding method is with reference to conventional cultivation mould
Formula；It carries out changing water Drug use administration and disease control management during cultivation.
The water Drug use administration that changes specifically includes following several parts：
（1）Change water：It is primary respectively to change water within 3 days before and after spring tide lunar calendar beginning of each month three and 18（Except the razor clam egg-laying season）,
It is primary that every 7 days of the 10-12 months changed water；
（2）Water transfer：According to the amount of 2.5kg per acre, a full pool spilling head composite bacteria liquid was used per 5-7 days；
（3）Rich water：It is 4-6 months, every to be trained using biological organic fertilizer or amino acid within 5-7 days according to the amount of 1.2kg per acre
Algae, 2 months next years of October-carry out training algae rich water according to the amount of 3.5kg per acre using biological organic fertilizer and amino acid；
（4）Water body purification：Primary purification monthly is carried out to water body with organic acid；
（5）Improve immunity：In the 10-12 month razor clam egg-laying seasons, according to the amount of 35g per acre, every 15 days complete with multi-vitamins
Pond, which is splashed, enhances razor clam object immunity.
The disease control management specifically includes following several parts：
（1）The 4-6 month moss high-incidence seasons：Beneficial algae nutrient source and living environment are grabbed because moss largely grows, influences to have
Beneficial algae reproduction causes water body excessively thin, and shellfish deprivation of food is caused to influence growth；Traditional solutions are killed with prometryn
Go out moss, this similar drug can cause shellfish stimulate or poisoning after influence feed, while also influencing the survival rate of juvenile prawn crab；Use withered grass
Bacillus adds special probiotics full pool spilling head, and 1kg's cooperation sodium humate splashes moss close quarters per acre, after moss death
Timely biological organic fertilizer culture beneficial algae of splashing, this method can effectively solve a large amount of growth problems of moss, and product used is not
Containing chemistry, antibiotic composition；The proportioning of the bacillus subtilis, special probiotics and sodium humate is 1:3:3；
（2）5-6 months small white shrimp period of disease：Traditional solutions are prevented using chemosterilant added with antibiotic, are easy
It generates drug resistance and antibiotic residue causes damages to human body and environment, influenced to restrict control effect unobvious by weather, be used
It is improper also to cause shrimp crab because of poisoning death；When prevention according to take per acre 250mL rise Bdellovibrio, 55g bacillus, 22gVC,
The feed of 120kg, the biologic antibiotic peptide of 220g, 5.5kg compound probiotic liquid, using a liter Bdellovibrio full pool spilling head, bacillus
Progress is fed with VC mix fodders；With biologic antibiotic peptide full pool spilling head when morbidity, coordinate composite bacteria liquid full pool spilling head, such solution party
Method principle allows beneficial microbe mass propagation to squeeze pathogenic bacteria living space, while increasing shrimps immunity, reduces incidence, subtracts
The when young white shrimp death rate；
（3）7-10 months are balantidiasis season occurred frequently：Infusorian is the main disease of mud crab, and Traditional solutions are to use
Prometryn or solution of zinc sulfate are killed, this solution, larger to water quality harm, influence shellfish and shrimps feed and life
It is long, cause heavy-metal residual；In the 5-10 months, periodically full pond was carried out according to 3.5kg per acre with compound probiotic liquid per 5-10 days and sprinkled
Spill, when high temperature season balantidiasis is occurred frequently, in night when water temperature is reduced to 30 degree or less with compound probiotic liquid according to per acre
5-7kg carries out full pool spilling head, and the method principle is that probiotics quickly consumes a large amount of nutrient sources and organic matter, cuts off infusorian food
Chain destroys its living environment；
（4）Change in weather（Typhoon, heavy rain, continuous wet weather, high temperature, excessive temperature differentials）Caused by emergency reaction and vibrios it is a large amount of
It grows：Traditional prevention method is for oral administration using the sterilization of the chemosterilants such as chlorine dioxide or povidone iodine and antibiotic, big after use
Residual chlorine poison and antibiotic are measured, the growth of shrimp shellfish crab is influenced；According to take per acre the Bdellovibrio of 250mL, the multi-vitamins of 22g,
The compound probiotic liquid of 3.5kg and the taurine of 25mL are paid close attention to weather forecast, are added using Bdellovibrio before change in weather multiple
It closes vitamin and carries out full pool spilling head, add taurine to carry out full pool spilling head with compound probiotic liquid after weather stabilization；
（5）The razor clam egg-laying season in November：It tries not largely to change water in the meantime, lays eggs and cause after avoiding razor clam stimulated
Death, during this period every 10-15 days using multi-vitamins according to 35g per acre carry out full pool spilling head, to increase razor clam
Immunity reduces the death rate；
（6）Ammonia nitrogen is poisoned：Tradition culture algae uses composite fertilizer and urea mostly, is susceptible to because of a large amount of Fertilizer applications,
Ammonia nitrogen poisoning is generated, razor clam eye closing can be caused not feed, the poisoning of shrimp crab is slow in action or death, and traditional countermeasure is largely to change
Water is simultaneously whetted the appetite with tartaric acid according to the removing toxic substances of 300mL per acre, then dissolves nitrogen according to 50g per acre with bacillus subtilis；With micro- life
The amino acid of organic fertilizer and per acre 1kg carry out training algae.
The composite bacteria liquid is the microorganism formulation made of the two or more and mutually not microorganism fungus kind of antagonism, described micro-
Biological bacteria includes generally having the good characteristics such as type complete, compatibility reasonable, functional, economic benefit height, promise Cattell actinomyces,
Bacillus subtilis, gel-shaped bacillus, phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, wax-like sample bacillus, bacillus thuringiensis, light
It is two or more in combined bacteria, trichobacteria and alcohol yeast.
The special probiotics is the microorganism formulation made of the two or more and mutually not microorganism fungus kind of antagonism, such
It includes promise that microbial inoculum, which generally has good characteristics, the microbial bacterias such as type complete, compatibility reasonable, functional, economic benefit height,
It is Cattell actinomyces, gel-shaped bacillus, phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, wax-like sample bacillus, bacillus thuringiensis, photosynthetic
It is two or more in bacterium 8, trichobacteria and alcohol yeast.
The present invention according to feeding habits, ecological habit complementation aquaculture organism by a certain percentage, density carries out in same pond
Cultivation, is formed with the three dimensional-breeding pattern of shrimp, shellfish and crab, pond self-purification capacity is made to be improved, and bait is supported using fully
Quantity of exchanged water reduces 30% during growing, and extensive disease phenomenon does not occur, promotes the healthy growth of aquaculture organism, increase
Yield reduces cost, increases income, and medicament residue is not present, can improve aquatic product quality.
The better embodiment of this patent is explained in detail above, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula, one skilled in the relevant art within the scope of knowledge, can also be under the premise of not departing from this patent objective
Various changes can be made.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond nonreactive green cultivation method, which is characterized in that be as follows：
(1) pond is built：With 20-25 mus of land development pond, dykes and dams are trapezoidal, the wide 3.5-4.5m in bottom, top width 1.8-
The concrete of 2.2m, height 1.5-2.5m, pond inside 7-9cm thickness smooth out, and are opened from ring dam at internal side of dyke or dam 3.5-4.5m
Ditch, the wide 3.5-4.5m in ditch bottom, ditch mouth width 7-9m, ditch depth 1.5-2.5m；Soil is flattened with horizontal plane in circular groove, does razor clam farm use,
Razor clam farm width is 3m, and two centres are separated with the deep irrigation canals and ditches of 45-55cm wide, 25-35cm, with 40 mesh screen cloths at the 40cm of razor clam farm bottom
Place mat convenient for harvesting, razor clam farm area be the pond gross area 25%, select two head rests into gutter dykes and dams among position build into
Emptying gate is both provided with anti-harmful animal, anti-escape guard into draining sluice gate；
(2) it cleans up the pond：Seawater is stored to razor clam farm 4-6cm, it, will according to the quick lime for the tea seed cake and 10-20kg for taking 8-12kg per acre
Tea seed cake and quick lime are soaked in water full pool spilling head after 22-26h, water are drained swap-in fresh seawater after 70-74h, according to per acre
450-550ml full pool spilling head organic acids release remaining toxin；
(3) seedling is put：Put razor clam seedling around Clear and Bright in a suitable place to breed, razor clam farm sows 300,000 razor clam seedlings per acre, razor clam farm layer overlay 3cm nets after lower seedling 20 days
The nylon wire of eye；The lunar calendar puts crab seedling in a suitable place to breed at the beginning of 5 months, the water surface puts 1500 white seedlings of mud crab in a suitable place to breed per acre, is put in a suitable place to breed per acre with the January
The small white shrimp shrimp species of 0.5kg carry out full pool spilling head before and after lower seedling according to 250-350mL per acre using Bdellovibrio；
(4) bait throwing in cultivates：Using fresh small fish shrimp or compact seashell as feed, feeding method is with reference to conventional cultivation pattern；
It carries out changing water Drug use administration and disease control management during cultivation；
The disease control management specifically includes following several parts：
(1) the 4-6 month moss high-incidence seasons：With bacillus subtilis plus special probiotics full pool spilling head, coordinate sodium humate 1kg per acre
It splashes moss close quarters, biological organic fertilizer culture beneficial algae of splashing in time after moss death；The bacillus subtilis,
The proportioning of special probiotics and sodium humate is 1:3:3；
(2) 5-6 months small white shrimp period of disease：According to taking 150-250mL Bdellovibrios, 45-55g bacillus, 18- per acre when prevention
The feed of 22gVC, 80-120kg, the biologic antibiotic peptide of 180-220g, 4.5-5.5kg compound probiotic liquid, using a liter Bdellovibrio
Full pool spilling head, bacillus and VC mix fodders feed progress；With biologic antibiotic peptide full pool spilling head when morbidity, coordinate composite bacteria liquid complete
It splashes in pond；
(3) balantidiasis：In the 5-10 months, periodically full pond was carried out according to 2.5-3.5kg per acre per 5-10 days with compound probiotic liquid
Splash, when high temperature season balantidiasis is occurred frequently, in night when water temperature is reduced to 30 degree or less with compound probiotic liquid according to every
Mu 5-7kg carries out full pool spilling head；
(4) emergency reaction caused by change in weather and vibrios largely grow：According to Bdellovibrio, the 18- for taking 150-250mL per acre
Multi-vitamins, the compound probiotic liquid of 2.5-3.5kg and the taurine of 15-25mL of 22g pays close attention to weather forecast,
Add multi-vitamins to carry out full pool spilling head using Bdellovibrio before change in weather, adds ox sulphur with compound probiotic liquid after weather stabilization
Acid carries out full pool spilling head；
(5) razor clam in the November egg-laying season：During this period full pond was carried out according to 25-35g per acre every 10-15 days using multi-vitamins
It splashes；
(6) ammonia nitrogen is poisoned：The amino acid of 1kg carries out training algae with Novel microbial organic fertilizer and per acre.
2. seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond according to claim 1 nonreactive green cultivation method, which is characterized in that the step
(3) shrimp species of the small white shrimp in are that wild seed shrimp adds cultivation each half of seed shrimp.
3. seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond according to claim 1 nonreactive green cultivation method, which is characterized in that described to change water use
Pencil reason specifically includes following several parts：
(1) water is changed：Respectively to be changed within 3 days before and after spring tide lunar calendar beginning of each month three and 18, water is primary, and it is primary that every 7 days of the 10-12 months changed water；
(2) water transfer：According to the amount of 1.5-2.5kg per acre, a full pool spilling head composite bacteria liquid was used per 5-7 days；
(3) rich water：It is 4-6 months, every to be trained using biological organic fertilizer or amino acid within 5-7 days according to the amount of 0.8-1.2kg per acre
Algae, 2 months next years of October-carry out training algae rich water according to the amount of 2.5-3.5kg per acre using biological organic fertilizer and amino acid；
(4) water body purification：Primary purification monthly is carried out to water body with organic acid；
(5) immunity is improved：In the 10-12 month razor clam egg-laying seasons, according to the amount of 25-35g per acre, every 15 days with the full pond of multi-vitamins
Splashing enhances razor clam object immunity.
4. seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond according to claim 1 or 3 nonreactive green cultivation method, which is characterized in that described
Organic acid is tartaric acid.
5. seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond according to claim 1 nonreactive green cultivation method, which is characterized in that the compound bacteria
Liquid is the microorganism formulation made of the two or more and mutually not microorganism fungus kind of antagonism, and the microbial bacteria includes that promise Cattell is put
Line bacterium, bacillus subtilis, gel-shaped bacillus, phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, wax-like sample bacillus, Su Yun gold gemma bars
It is two or more in bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria, trichobacteria and alcohol yeast.
6. seawater shrimps shellfish crab pond according to claim 1 nonreactive green cultivation method, which is characterized in that the special benefit
Raw bacterium is the microorganism formulation made of the two or more and mutually not microorganism fungus kind of antagonism, and the microbial bacteria includes promise Cattell
Actinomyces, gel-shaped bacillus, phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, wax-like sample bacillus, bacillus thuringiensis, photosynthetic bacteria 8,
It is two or more in trichobacteria and alcohol yeast.
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| CN101926301A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-12-29 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of seabeach is coated with encloses the efficient aquaculture management method of low-carbon environment-friendly that pool shrimp, crab and shellfish is raised together with |
| CN104782539A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 镇江山水湾生态农业开发有限公司 | Disease-resistant freshwater shrimp culturing method |
| CN105028272A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 黄冈市水产科学研究所 | Large-scale breeding method for adult all-male No.1 peltebagrus fulvidraco |
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| CN101926301A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-12-29 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of seabeach is coated with encloses the efficient aquaculture management method of low-carbon environment-friendly that pool shrimp, crab and shellfish is raised together with |
| CN104782539A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 镇江山水湾生态农业开发有限公司 | Disease-resistant freshwater shrimp culturing method |
| CN105028272A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 黄冈市水产科学研究所 | Large-scale breeding method for adult all-male No.1 peltebagrus fulvidraco |
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| Title |
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| 海水池塘虾蟹贝生态养殖试验;丁理法等;《中国水产》;20091130(第11期);第36-37页 * |
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