CN105973637A - Field on-site nivation cirque sampling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a field on-site nivation cirque sampling method. The method comprises a, cleaning nivation cirque sampling tools, devices and sample bottles, b, selecting a nivation cirque position, c, digging a nivation cirque, d, digging a sampling section, e, carrying out sampling and f, packaging the sample. The method has a reasonable design, effectively prevents trace element pollution caused by processes of nivation cirque sampling, realizes convenient and efficient acquisition of a clean nivation cirque sample and can acquire reliable and valuable nivation cirque trace element data.

Description

A kind of field condition nivation cirque method of sampling

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of field condition nivation cirque method of sampling, be applied to snow ice trace element research field.

Background technology

Nivation cirque sampling is for the research Seasonal variation of trace element, Annual variations and the dirt of modern Atmospheric Trace element Dye situation and source thereof have important function.But the infallible data obtained in early days is very limited, this be primarily due to polar region and In the accumulated snow of mountainous villas surface, the concentration of trace element is the lowest, even below pg/g(10^-12G/g) level, in addition field condition Condition is exceedingly odious, and the collection of on-the-spot nivation cirque sample is lack of standardization in the wild, and nivation cirque sample is highly prone to pollute, and it is suitable therefore to use The nivation cirque method of sampling, to gather nivation cirque cleaning sample, be just particularly important for trace element Record analysis.

Summary of the invention

In view of above-mentioned, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of field condition nivation cirque method of sampling: adopt under the conditions of in the wild With standardized sampling flow process and strict anti-pollution measure, thus it is prevented effectively from nivation cirque sampling process links and is likely to result in Trace element pollution, conveniently and efficiently gather clean nivation cirque sample, it is thus achieved that nivation cirque trace element data reliable, valuable.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of field condition nivation cirque method of sampling, its feature comprises the following steps:

A. the cleaning of nivation cirque sampling tool, utensil and sample bottle: clean the aluminum shovel of nivation cirque sampling in advance at Superclean Lab, mould Instrument, utensil and the sample bottles such as material shovel, scraper plate, sampling tube, plastic hammer also carry out packing, marking with the double-layer plastic bag that pickling is clean Note and vanning；

B. the choosing of nivation cirque place: top, point selection glacier, the ground accumulation area flat site of nivation cirque, distance scientific investigation campsite upwind Place 100 ~ 300 m；

C. the excavation of nivation cirque: sample collector dresses Uncontaminated garment, hand-held aluminum shovel digs out the most forward along nivation cirque tunneling direction windward One long 2 ~ 3 m, the nivation cirque of wide 1.5 ~ 2 m；

D. sample the excavation of section:

20 cm and 10 cm thickness snow deposits are cut out the most respectively to snow from the leeward side of nivation cirque with plastic shovel and Teflon scraper plate Bottom hole, the vertical cross section finally exposed is sampling section；

E. sampling: before sampling, places the plastic flat ruler scale of depth as sampling along sampling cross section perpendicular；The resolution of sampling Being 5 cm, the order of sampling is as first sampled point of ground floor bottom nivation cirque, and sampling tube opening level is pushed snow Layer sampling, extracts sampling tube out from snow deposit after sampling, gathers snow core by first 2 ~ 3 times and pours out to clean sampling tube from sampling tube, then, Upwards by successively sample direction sequential sampling, each layer of sampling is then by monolayer sample direction sequential sampling from left to right；

F. the packaging of sample: sampling terminates rear sample bottle double-layer plastic bag hermetic package and cases, and under freezing conditions transports It is analyzed to Superclean Lab.

The invention have the advantage that

1, Samples selecting distance scientific investigation campsite upwind 100 ~ 300 m of nivation cirque, so can avoid scientific investigation personnel and generating The artificial pollution that machine etc. cause.Staff tunnels the most forward when digging nivation cirque, so can ensure that sampling section side all the time Keep clean, it is to avoid the artificial pollution of staff.The dorsal part of sampling section selection nivation cirque upwind, can be prevented effectively from wind Snow causes sampling section and the pollution of sampling process.

2, after nivation cirque aluminum shovel digs, plastic shovel and plastic scrapers that continuation pickling is clean dig up 20 the most from top to bottom The snow deposit that cm and 10 cm thickness may be polluted, so can ensure the cleaning of sampling section to greatest extent, thus ensure the sample gathered Product are not contaminated.

3, external diameter 5 cm of sampling tube pipe shaft is consistent with sampling resolution, and samples in same layer position sampled point and different layers position Point is spaced is all 5 cm.Neighbouring sample point edge so it is possible to prevent mutually to penetrate, it is to avoid both horizontally and vertically to go forward The cross-contamination of rear sample.

4, start successively to up-sampling from bottom, abandon nivation cirque top sampling way, it is to avoid the snow dropped in nivation cirque top is very It is likely to result in lower floor and not yet gathers the pollution of snow deposit.

4, each layer of nivation cirque is first sampled 2 ~ 3 times and discards to clean sampling tube, so can ensure that the snow core of collection is maximum Limit keeps initial condition, it is ensured that study verity and the reliability of trace element result in accumulated snow.

5, the standardized method of sampling of the present invention and various anti-pollution measure decrease the probability that snow core pollutes to greatest extent, Ensure that the homogeneity of each sample collecting condition.The method is not only applicable to trace element sample collecting, is equally applicable to hydrogen Oxygen isotope, main zwitterion and the collection of particulate samples, can carry out Parallel Sampling at same nivation cirque sampling section, this Sample can greatly reduce field work amount, also allows for comparability during different chemical index contrast in the future.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is nivation cirque of the present invention sampling schematic diagram.

In figure: 1, nivation cirque, 2, wind direction, 3, nivation cirque tunneling direction, 4, sampling section, 5, scale of depth, 6, successively sampling side To, 7, monolayer sample direction, 8, sampled point.

Detailed description of the invention

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

A kind of field condition nivation cirque method of sampling, its step includes:

(1) preparation of nivation cirque sampling tool, utensil and sample bottle and cleaning: at Superclean Lab, with dust technology wash clean nivation cirque The aluminum shovel of sampling, plastic shovel, scraper plate, sampling tube, the instrument such as plastic hammer, and with double-layer plastic bag carry out packing, labelling and vanning； In addition the cold protective clothing of sampling required, clean garment, disposable plastic glove, mask etc. also to be packed with sampling tool at laboratory Together, take during convenient sampling；

(2) the choosing of nivation cirque place: top, point selection glacier, the ground accumulation area flat site of nivation cirque 1, and distance scientific investigation campsite 100 ~ 300 m at upwind 2, it is to avoid the artificial pollution that scientific investigation personnel and electromotor etc. cause；

(3) excavation of nivation cirque: sample collector wears Uncontaminated garment outside exposure suit, wears disposable breathing mask and the disposable plastic of cleaning Glove, the hand-held aluminum shovel cleaned up is stood along nivation cirque tunneling direction 3(and wind direction 2 parallel opposed longer sides to 2 windward) push away the most forward Entering to dig out long 2 ~ 3 m, the nivation cirque 1 of wide 1.5 ~ 2 m, nivation cirque 1 degree of depth depends on Snow Thickness；

(4) sample the excavation of section: after nivation cirque 1 digs, the plastics that the clean disposable plastic glove pickling that more renews is clean Shovel from top to bottom cuts out 20 cm thickness snow deposits to bottom nivation cirque 1 from the leeward side of nivation cirque 1, then scrapes with the Teflon that pickling is clean Plate wipes snow deposit thick for about 10 cm off the most further to bottom nivation cirque 1, and the vertical cross section finally exposed is adopting of cleaning Sample section 4；In the mining process of whole nivation cirque 1 and sampling section 4, staff is it is noted that stand in sampling section 4 all the time Below, the sampling section 4 that such guarantee is final is not by artificial pollution；

(5) sampling: after nivation cirque sampling section 4 digs, will start sampling as early as possible, on the one hand preventing Snow dritf from filling affects into nivation cirque 1 Sampling, is on the other hand also possible to prevent sampling section 4 open-assembly time in atmosphere oversize, causes new pollution；During sampling two Staff works in coordination, and can accelerate sampling process, shortens the sampling time；Before sampling, it is disposed vertically plastics along sampling section 4 Ruler is as the scale of depth 5 of sampling；The resolution of sampling is 5 cm, and the order of sampling is as ground floor bottom nivation cirque 1 Upwards by successively sample direction 6 sequential sampling, each layer of sampling is then by monolayer sample direction 7 sequential sampling from left to right；

During sampling, sample collector puts on new clean disposable plastic glove, thirty years of age windward, towards sampling section 4, hand-held pickling Clean cylindric plastics sampling tube (external diameter 5 cm, internal diameter 4.5 cm, length 35 cm) blind end is from the bottom of sampling section 4 Starting at first sampled point 8 on the left of ground floor sampling tube opening level pushes snow deposit sampling, snow core advances at sampling tube During enter inside sampling tube, extract sampling tube out from snow deposit after sampling, allow sampling tube opening down, with plastic hammer from upper Portion impacts sampling tube closed section gently, gathers snow core by first 2 ~ 3 times and pours out from sampling tube and discard to clean sampling tube, then continues Continuous collection.As sampling tube run into ice sheet or resistance bigger time, left hand holds sampling tube, and the right hand is held the plastic hammer impact cleaned up and adopted Sample duct occlusion end, allows sampling tube go deep into snow deposit；After ground floor completes, when gathering the second layer, sampling tube is moved horizontally to the right, with Bottom first layer staggers 5 cm interval samplings, continues sampling as stated above, it is ensured that each sampled point 8 is vertically and horizontally On the most spaced 5 cm；So, each layer moves horizontally to the right interval sampling from left beginning, gathers snow core 2 ~ 3 times before every layer Discarding to clean sampling tube, the rest may be inferred, has gathered the sample of sampling section 4.Finally the snow core formally gathered is proceeded to pickling 500 clean ml Low Density Polyethylene wide-mouth sample bottles.

(6) packaging of sample: sampling terminates rear sample bottle and first enters with the LDPE: Low-density polyethylene plastics bag that one layer of pickling is clean Row packaging, then tightens the binding of ground floor plastic bag opening with the rubber band that pickling is clean, hereafter does with second layer pickling Clean LDPE: Low-density polyethylene plastics bag packaging also tightens bag mouth with rubber band, finally by plastics package bag encasement, at freezing conditions Lower transport is analyzed to Superclean Lab.

Claims (1)

1. a field condition nivation cirque method of sampling, its feature comprises the following steps:

A. the cleaning of nivation cirque sampling tool, utensil and sample bottle: clean the aluminum shovel of nivation cirque sampling in advance at Superclean Lab, mould Instrument, utensil and the sample bottles such as material shovel, scraper plate, sampling tube, plastic hammer also carry out packing, marking with the double-layer plastic bag that pickling is clean Note and vanning；

B. the choosing of nivation cirque place: top, point selection glacier, the ground accumulation area flat site of nivation cirque (1), on distance scientific investigation campsite Wind direction (2) place 100 ~ 300 m；

C. the excavation of nivation cirque: sample collector dresses Uncontaminated garment, hand-held aluminum shovel is windward along nivation cirque tunneling direction (3) the most forward Dig out the nivation cirque (1) of long 2 ~ 3 m, wide 1.5 ~ 2 m；

D. sample the excavation of section:

20 cm and 10 cm thickness snow deposits are cut out the most respectively to snow from the leeward side of nivation cirque with plastic shovel and Teflon scraper plate Bottom hole, the vertical cross section finally exposed is sampling section (4)；

E. sampling: before sampling, is disposed vertically the plastic flat ruler scale of depth (5) as sampling along sampling section (4)；Sampling Resolution is 5 cm, and the order of sampling is as first sampled point (8) of ground floor from nivation cirque (1) bottom, by sampling tube opening End level pushes snow deposit sampling, extracts sampling tube out from snow deposit after sampling, gathers snow core by first 2 ~ 3 times and pours out to clean from sampling tube Sampling tube, then, upwards by successively sample direction (6) sequential sampling, each layer of sampling is then by monolayer sampling side from left to right To (7) sequential sampling；

F. the packaging of sample: sampling terminates rear sample bottle double-layer plastic bag hermetic package and cases, and under freezing conditions transports It is analyzed to Superclean Lab.