CN104406813B - Polar region snow sample collection device - Google Patents
Polar region snow sample collection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104406813B CN104406813B CN201410738713.8A CN201410738713A CN104406813B CN 104406813 B CN104406813 B CN 104406813B CN 201410738713 A CN201410738713 A CN 201410738713A CN 104406813 B CN104406813 B CN 104406813B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polar region snow sample collection device, and belongs to the technical field of chemical laboratory analysis. The polar region snow sample collection device is applied to fixed-point collection on the snow samples in scientific investigation in the polar region. Compared with the existing polar region snow sample collection manner, the snow samples repeatedly collected by the polar region snow sample collection device has extremely high comparability, the sampling process is simple and rapid and the accuracy rate is high; the polar region snow sample collection device can be repeatedly used, is suitable for the special environment of south and north poles with wide territory, low temperature, heavy blizzard and multiple collection points, and is a manner for replacing the existing polar region snow sample collection manner.
Description
Technical field
A kind of polar region of present invention snow core harvester, belongs to assay technical field, is that one kind is applied in polar region scientific investigation
In, snow core is carried out pinpoint the device of collection, compared with the snow core acquisition mode of existing polar region, adopted snow core has the present invention
High comparability, is the substitute mode of existing polar region snow core acquisition mode.
Background technology
Enter 21 century, a large amount of consumption with the energy exacerbate global warming, it has been recognized that earth environment
The great crises facing, than ever whenever all in the urgent need to comprehensive monitoring and research polar region environment and global environmental change.
South poles accumulated snow and sea ice are the indicateing arms of Global climate change, and the ice and snow total amount of its storage is the pass of impact Global climate change
Key factor.
Due to unique geographical position and geologic structure, in south poles ice sheet, contain to pass by hundreds thousand of years terrestrial climates
With the precious information of environmental change, never it is subject to the artificial disturbance of the mankind for a long time.Therefore, to solar origin,
In the physicisms such as continent forming process, the cycle of climate change and ecological succession history, south poles continent has
Advantageous study condition, even not replaceable.
In south poles, section passes the examination, and the measurement to accumulated snow and monitoring are one important component parts of polar region scientific investigation, and applicant was once
Repeatedly participate in Chinese Polar to investigate, this point is had an intimate knowledge.
Accumulated snow is mainly made up of ice, air and snow slush contained humidity, wherein based on ice pellets.The physical parameter master of accumulated snow
Contained trace substance etc. in the liquid aqueous rate of snow depth to be included, density, accumulated snow, accumulated snow.
Due to special weather condition and the geographical position of south poles, the forming process of the accumulated snow of south poles be one very long
Process, bottom accumulated snow is not changed all the year round, and more down the liquid aqueous rate of the higher accumulated snow of the longer density of snow of Formed age is also higher, leads to
Cross the density of accumulated snow between analysis different layers, the Formed age of each interlayer accumulated snow can be extrapolated, by assay difference interlayer
The trace substance content of accumulated snow can reflect the process of the pollution to environment for the mankind's activity and trend in global range.
Polar region snow core collection has its particularity it is desirable to different time each aspect in multi collect same place is with wide as far as possible
Degree, same to depth, same to height, the snow core of same volume, meet the requirement of the situation of change of analysis snow core density and air bells laid, make
Portraitlandscape compares, thus analyzing the trend of polar ice material balance.
At present, in south poles scientific investigation, the collection of snow core generally uses nivation cirque acquisition method, artificial behind selected collection point
Dig the nivation cirque of one meter in diameter square, complete to carry out continuous sampling after stratigraphy profiles observation is taken pictures, each sample overburden depth root
According to needing to be divided into multiple class such as 10cm, 20cm, 40cm.Because the amount of contained trace substance in south poles accumulated snow is considerably less, prevent
Only sampling process artificial pollution snow core, sampling process must be carried out in strict accordance with purifying anti-pollution requirement, selects leeward wall with not
Rust steel shovel and scraper plate trim sampling face, and operator need to wear clean garment, wear disposable clean glove and mask, with existing in advance
Snow core is directly collected sealing in sample sack by the special sampling spade be aligned sampling face that laboratory purification was processed, take back domestic enter
Row assay.
There are the following problems for existing nivation cirque acquisition method:
1. high labor intensive: gatherer process needs more than three people every time, need to dig the nivation cirque of 1 meter of square, after the completion of collection,
Nivation cirque need to be backfilled and recover original appearance, under the adverse circumstances of polar region, seem extremely difficult.
2. gatherer process is loaded down with trivial details: operator need to wear clean garment, wear disposable clean glove and mask.
3. comparability is poor: causes comparability difference mainly by two reasons, one cannot find the last time because heavy snow covers
Collection hole, even if find hole in comparability is not had with the adopted snow core of artificial destruction, can only separately ward off new footpath.It two is opened up newly
Because accumulated snow height is to be continually changing in collection hole, the same aspect that this has comparability to determination brings difficulty, has wanted
Identical depending on is impossible entirely.
Content of the invention
A kind of polar region of the present invention its goal of the invention of snow core harvester is: solves in prior art it cannot be guaranteed that repeatedly adopting
The problems such as the adopted snow core of sample is the snow core of same sampled point and loses comparability, thus disclose a kind of fixed point different sampling stages
Sampling apparatuses are repeated several times, maximum feature is repeatedly that adopted snow core has high comparability, especially adapt to south poles science and examine
Examine in special environment and use.
A kind of polar region of present invention snow core harvester, is made up of drive mechanism, sampling mechanism, staving and height sensor
(see accompanying drawing 1)；Drive mechanism is made up of leading screw 1, screw 2, crank 3, screw 9 and support 10；Described leading screw 1 bottom is machined with
The matching size of external screw thread, its relative dimensions and screw 2 female thread closes, and leading screw 1 screws in screw 2, and turn clockwise leading screw 1
Female 2 move down on leading screw 1, and rotate counterclockwise leading screw 1 screw 2 moves up on leading screw 1, leading screw 1 topmost centre bit
Put and be machined with a female thread, its relative dimensions is closed with the externally threaded matching size of bolt 13, leading screw 1 topmost is machined with outer four
Side, its relative dimensions and the interior four directions matching size conjunction of crank 3, are machined with a boss in the lower section in the outer four directions of leading screw 1, use end cap
Fixing for leading screw 1 over the mount 10, screw about 2 centre position level weld a band steel, band steel is at screw 1/2nd three
Weld an annulus, be conveniently connected with height sensor 11 bracing wire, band steel bores a circular hole at screw 2/2nds three, conveniently uses spiral shell
The fixing collection pawl 4 of nail 9；Crank 3 has been fabricated to interior four directions while there being handle using band steel, and support 10 is processed into steel plate
Collar plate shape, its external diameter is matched with the external diameter of collection bucket 14, and the both sides of centrage stay one fixed width remainder to cut away, support
10 bottom symmetrical is machined with two buckles, and the width of buckle is matched with the width of collection groove 8.Described sampling mechanism is by gathering
Pawl 4, chute 5, bracket 6, collecting container 7 form；Described collection pawl 4 adopts band steel to make, and gathers width and the collection groove 8 of pawl 4
Width match, front portion is fabricated to downward hook type, and a circular hole is bored at the rear portion of collection pawl 4, convenient collection pawl 4 use screw 9 with
On screw 2 welding band steel fix, chute 5 be fabricated to using stainless sheet steel dustpan shaped, dustpan mouth to lower band certain angle weld
It is connected on bracket 6, bracket 6 and the band steel being welded on screw 2 weld.Staving is by gathering bucket 14 and protective cover 12 two parts group
Become, described collection bucket 14 is fabricated to hollow cylinder using stainless sheet steel, and open topped bottom back cover, in collection bucket 14 staving
Ten a plurality of collection grooves 8 have been uniformly and symmetrically distributed it, its depth is slightly shorter than the bottom of leading screw 1；Described height sensor 11 is from sizing
Product stay wire sensor, installs over the mount 10, its bracing wire is connected with the annulus being welded on band steel on screw 2.
A kind of polar region of present invention snow core harvester, collection bucket 14 has been uniformly and symmetrically distributed a plurality of collection groove 8, and collection is once
The only snow core of one collection groove 8 of collection, does not affect on the snow core of other collection grooves 8.If same 1 year period gathers once
Minimum can use more than 10 years.If same 10 years periods collection is once minimum can use more than a century.
A kind of polar region of present invention snow core harvester has a characteristic that
1. many adopted snow cores, have high comparability；
2. sampling process simple and fast, accuracy rate is high；
3. can repeatedly use；
4. adapt to south poles region extensively, temperature is low, wind and snow is big, wait special environment more the collection point.
Brief description
Fig. 1 apparatus structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 device a a generalized section
1. leading screw 2. screw 3. crank 4. collection pawl 5. chute, 6. bracket, 7. collecting container 8. collection groove
9. screw 10. support 11. height sensor 12. protective cover, 13. bolt 14. collection bucket.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of application in scientific investigation in the Antarctic for polar region of present invention snow core harvester.
1. install
After choosing collecting location, bored with snow and vertically make a call to a circular nivation cirque matching with collection bucket 14 external diameter, the whole series are adopted
Acquisition means are vertically mounted in circular nivation cirque according to after accompanying drawing 1 assembling, reserved certain altitude between its top and snow plane.Compile
Number, measurement longitude and latitude recording.Measure the height of collection pawl 4 and snow surface with box chi and note down, as snow altitude datum.
2. gatherer process
1.2. further illustrates a kind of gatherer process of polar region of present invention snow core harvester below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
(1). preamble works
The longitude and latitude being shown according to global positioning system, finds this harvester, checks digit.
Lay down bolt 13, remove protective cover 12, by support 10 together with leading screw 1, screw 2, crank 3, collection pawl 4, chute
5th, bracket 6 takes out from collection bucket 14 together, collection pawl 4 is rotated forward 180 ° centered on screw 9 and so that collection pawl 4 is stretched out and adopts
Collection bucket 14, tightens screw 9.Above-mentioned part is reinstalled to together in collection bucket 14, notice that gathering pawl 4 must be inserted into gathering
Corresponding collection groove 8 in, the buckle of the bottom of support 10 must snap in corresponding collection groove 8, and collecting container 7 is put into support
On frame 6.Height sensor 11 is connected with height display instrument.Turn clockwise crank 3, screw 2, collection pawl 4, chute 5, bracket 6
And collecting container 7 moves downward along collection groove 8 together, stop the rotation crank 3 when gathering pawl 4 and touching snow surface, reads
Height show value, is kept a record as actual snow height, and is made comparisons with snow altitude datum value, calculate difference.
(2). gatherer process
Turn clockwise crank 3, and screw 2, collection pawl 4, chute 5, bracket 6 and collecting container 7 are together along collection groove 8
Move downward, the snow core outside collection bucket 14 enters chute 5 by gathering groove 8 in collection pawl 4 in the presence of downwards, along chute 5
Flow in collecting container 7, when the height that height display instrument shows is identical with snow altitude datum, stop the rotation crank 3, will collect
Container 7 takes out, in the container that adopted snow core is preserved, the time of the good collection of record, place (longitude and latitude), numbering, the height of snow core
Degree and collector's name etc..
Continue the crank 3 that turns clockwise, screw 2, collection pawl 4, chute 5, bracket 6 and collecting container 7 are together along adopting
Collection groove 8 moves downward, and the snow core outside collection bucket 14 enters chute 5 by gathering groove 8 in collection pawl 4 in the presence of downwards, along
Chute 5 flows in collecting container 7, and when the height that height display instrument shows is 100mm, stop the rotation crank 3, by collecting container
7 taking-ups, in the container that adopted snow core is preserved, the time of the good collection of record, place (longitude and latitude), numbering, the height of snow core and
Collector's name etc..
Continue to repeat said process up to the bottom of sampling groove 8, gatherer process terminates.
(3). subsequent operation
After gatherer process terminates, rotate counterclockwise crank 3, screw 2, collection pawl 4, chute 5, bracket 6 and collecting container 7
Move upwards along collection groove 8 together, when collection pawl 4 encounters support 10 bottom, crank 3 stops operating.By support 10 together with
Leading screw 1, screw 2, crank 3, collection pawl 4, chute 5, bracket 6 take out from collection bucket 14 together, will gather pawl 4 with screw 9
Centered on 180 ° of back rotation make collection pawl 4 retract collection bucket 14 in, by above-mentioned part together reinstall to collection bucket 14 in.
Remove height sensor 11 and height display instrument connecting line, height display instrument and collecting container 7 withdrawn, covers protective cover 12,
Tighten bolt 13.
By above-mentioned sample mode and process, same collection point can be analyzed in laboratory, the different acquisition time, identical
The situation of change of the adopted snow core of collection height, illustrates that a kind of polar region of present invention snow core harvester has high comparability.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of polar region snow core harvester, is made up of drive mechanism, sampling mechanism, staving and height sensor；Its feature exists
It is made up of leading screw (1), screw (2), crank (3), screw (9) and support (10) in described drive mechanism；Leading screw (1) bottom adds
Work has external screw thread, and the matching size of its relative dimensions and screw (2) female thread closes, and leading screw (1) screws in screw (2), clockwise
Rotating threaded shaft (1) screw (2) moves down on leading screw (1), rotate counterclockwise leading screw (1) screw (2) on leading screw (1) upwards
Mobile, leading screw (1) topmost center is machined with a female thread, its relative dimensions and the externally threaded matching size of bolt (13)
Close, leading screw (1) topmost is machined with outer four directions, the interior four directions matching size of its relative dimensions and crank (3) closes, in leading screw (1)
The lower section in outer four directions is machined with a boss, with end cap, leading screw (1) is fixed on support (10), in screw (2) interposition up and down
Level of putting welds a band steel, and band steel welds an annulus at screw (2) 1/3rd, and convenient and height sensor (11) bracing wire connects
Connect, band steel bores a circular hole at screw (2) 2/3rds, collection pawl (4) fixed by convenient screw (9), and crank (3) adopts band steel
Be fabricated to interior four directions while there is handle, support (10) is processed into collar plate shape with steel plate, its external diameter with gather bucket (14)
External diameter match, the both sides of centrage stay one fixed width remainder to cut away, and the bottom symmetrical of support (10) is machined with two
Individual buckle, the width of buckle is matched with the width of collection groove (8)；Described sampling mechanism is by gathering pawl (4), chute (5), bracket
(6), collecting container (7) composition；Collection pawl (4) adopts band steel to make, and gathers the width of pawl (4) and the width phase of collection groove (8)
Cooperation, front portion is fabricated to downward hook type, and a circular hole is bored at the rear portion of collection pawl (4), and convenient collection pawl (4) uses screw (9) and silk
Band steel of female (2) upper welding is fixed, and chute (5) is fabricated to dustpan shaped using stainless sheet steel, and dustpan mouth is to lower band certain angle
It is welded on bracket (6), bracket (6) and the band steel being welded on screw (2) weld；Described staving by gather bucket (14) and protection
Cover (12) two parts composition；Collection bucket (14) is fabricated to hollow cylinder using stainless sheet steel, open topped bottom back cover,
Collection bucket (14) staving has been uniformly and symmetrically distributed ten a plurality of collections groove (8), and its length is slightly shorter than the length of leading screw (1).
2. a kind of polar region snow core harvester according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described height sensor (11) selects
Use approved product stay wire sensor, be arranged on support (10), its bracing wire is connected with the annulus of the band steel being welded on screw (2)
Connect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410738713.8A CN104406813B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Polar region snow sample collection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410738713.8A CN104406813B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Polar region snow sample collection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104406813A CN104406813A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| CN104406813B true CN104406813B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410738713.8A Active CN104406813B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Polar region snow sample collection device |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973637B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of field condition nivation cirque method of sampling |
| CN106365065B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-08-09 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Flux tassor dirt acquires apparatus for automatically lifting |
| CN109374851B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2021-06-08 | 新疆林科院森林生态研究所 | Forest monitoring snow sampler |
| CN109533082B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2023-09-22 | 太原科技大学 | Giant six-leg crawler foot polar region scientific vehicle |
| CN110940556B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2024-06-04 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Automatic layering sampling snow collecting experimental device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6176326B1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2001-01-23 | Soilcore, Inc. | Soil sampling measuring device |
| CN2588360Y (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2003-11-26 | 刘春兰 | Snow sampling device |
| FR2870342B1 (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2007-02-23 | Agro Systemes S A Sa | SYSTEM FOR THE USE OF A DEVICE FOR SAMPLING SAMPLES IN A SOIL OR A MATERIAL OF GRANULAR OR PULVERULENT CONSTITUTION |
| JP2010007270A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-14 | Sekisui House Ltd | Ground sampling device |
| CN202119645U (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-01-18 | 王佟 | Sampling device of flammable ice |
| CN202631296U (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-12-26 | 北京通尼科技有限公司 | Icebreaking spiral sampler |
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