CN105973627A - Long-gauge-length-strain-influence-envelope-based bridge damage identification method - Google Patents
Long-gauge-length-strain-influence-envelope-based bridge damage identification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105973627A CN105973627A CN201610357760.7A CN201610357760A CN105973627A CN 105973627 A CN105973627 A CN 105973627A CN 201610357760 A CN201610357760 A CN 201610357760A CN 105973627 A CN105973627 A CN 105973627A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a long-gauge-length-strain-influence-envelope-based bridge damage identification method. The method comprises: a distributed long-gauge-length strain sensing monitoring system is constructed; when a vehicle crosses a bridge, data acquisition is carried out; the collected data are decomposed; a long-gauge-length strain influence envelope of the bridge is extracted; and then bridge damage identification and bearing state estimation are carried out. Long-gauge-length strain sensors are used for measuring strain information of the bridge when the vehicle is crossing the bridge; and with an empirical mode decomposition method, a long-gauge-length strain time history is decomposed, a static strain component extraction criterion is put forward, and a strain influence envelope of the bridge is formed based on the extracted maximum static strain value, thereby determining a bearing force state of the bridge. During implementation, closing of the traffic is avoided; and on the basis of the long-gauge-length strain time history under vehicle driving, the rigidity distribution situation of the bridge can be detected rapidly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields of sensing technique monitoring of bridge, a kind of strain based on long gauge length affects envelope
Bridge damnification recognition method.
Background technology
Flourish along with transport development cause, increasing bridge builds up in succession, and the most substantial amounts of bridge is the most
Through reaching the service life of projected life, while exceeding design service life, it is still under huge vehicular load.Cause
The information of the safety of this necessary timely grasp existing highway bridge, durability and normal usage function.For this purpose, bridge
Beam health monitoring systems and intelligent control technology in succession apply in bridge structure and are developed rapidly.Damage Assessment Method
It it is the core of structural healthy monitoring system.Damage Assessment Method is i.e. to detect structure and assess, whether to determine structure
With the presence of damage, and then judge position and the degree damaged, and situation, use function and the change of structural damage that structure is current
Change trend etc..
Along with the development of signal processing technology, damage identification technique based on signal processing is developed rapidly.Existing letter
Number processing method includes frequency domain, time domain and time-frequency domain, mainly has Fourier transformation, Short Time Fourier Transform, Winger-
Ville distribution, wavelet analysis and empirical mode decomposition etc..The non-destructive tests of wavelet analysis is based primarily upon wavelet coefficient change with little
Energy variation after Wave Decomposition.Another kind of signal processing method is empirical modal method, compared to wavelet decomposition, empirical modal method without
Need to consider to select suitable wavelet basis just can well separate low-frequency component.
But current research there is also some problems:
(1) existing method is all based on traditional accelerometer, displacement meter and strain gauge, the knot of these sensor response
Structure information is not excessively ' macroscopical ' for local damage, it is simply that excessively ' locally '.Frequency is insensitive to local damage, is difficult to reflection
Local damage, the strain utilizing traditional point type strain gauge cannot obtain bridge affects envelope.
(2) damage check of bridge is needed substantial amounts of manpower financial capacity, simultaneously need to use bridge-checking vehicle, can affect normal
Traffic circulation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of bridge structural damage identification and holds
Load power state evaluating method, a kind of non-destructive tests and bearing capacity state estimation affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length
Method
Technical scheme: for solving above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of bridge affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length of the present invention
Beam damnification recognition method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) build distributed long gauge length strain sensing monitoring system, arrange some strain transducers at monitored bridge；
(2) data acquisition when vehicle is passed a bridge, multi collect vehicle is through the long gauge length strain time history data of monitoring bridge span；
(3) data gathered in step (2) are decomposed, decomposite high frequency strain composition and low frequency strain composition, will
Frequency peak is erected the low-frequency component of curved frequency less than bridge the first rank and is stacked up composition static strain composition；
(4) being extracted by the maximum of the static strain composition obtained in step (3), each sensor can propose one
Individual maximum static strain value, the static strain maximum extracted in all the sensors constitutes the strain of long gauge length affects envelope
Line；
(5) bridge structural damage identification and bearing capacity state estimation: utilize the long gauge length obtained strain to affect envelope identification and damage
Hinder position and relative degree of injury, carry out bearing capacity state estimation by relative damage degree.
In step (1), for long span bridge, span centre and bearing at bridge arrange that strain transducer carries out area monitoring；Right
In the highway bridge of Middle Or Small Span, use and be abound with Sensor monitoring bridge span at the bottom of beam.
Wherein, the strain transducer described in step (1) is long gauge length strain transducer.
Wherein, long gauge length strain transducer is long gauge length optical fibre grating sensor or long gauge length resistance strain sensor.
In step (2), utilizing Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) or empirical modal method to extract the long gauge length under bicycle load should
Become time-histories.
The data that when the long gauge length strain data gathered in the content of described step (2) is bicycle gap bridge, monitoring obtains.
In described step (3), use Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) that long gauge length strain time history is decomposed into many ply strains
Signal, the frequency size of every layer signal is by auto-sequencing from high to low.
In step (4), when extracting static strain composition, erect curved frequency with bridge structure the first rank as threshold values, or with frequency
The frequency values of analysis of spectrum the first rank amplitude maximum is threshold values, is static strain by the strain composition additional combining that frequency is less than threshold values
Composition.
In step (5), utilizing long gauge length static strain maximum to build the strain of growth gauge length affects envelope；Pars affecta
Position affect in the strain of long gauge length and shows as a projection on envelope, and relative damage degree is the degree of this projection of calculating.
Beneficial effect: a kind of bridge structural damage identification and bearing capacity shape affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length of the present invention
State appraisal procedure, use long gauge length strain transducer measure bridge vehicle by time strain information；Empirical modal is utilized to divide
Solution decomposes long gauge length strain time history, and proposes the extraction criterion of static strain composition, by the static strain that extracts
The strain of big value formation bridge affects envelope to differentiate the bearing capacity situation of bridge, need not close traffic, pass through during enforcement
Run the long gauge length strain time history under vehicle and can quickly detect the Stiffness Distribution situation of bridge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that under Vehicle Load, bridge strain affects line schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is bridge cross section and scale diagrams；
Fig. 3 is transducer arrangements figure；
Fig. 4 is No. two beam length gauge length strain time history and spectrum analysis；
Fig. 5 is empirical mode decomposition and the result of spectrum analysis of the 13rd sensor；
Fig. 6 is the result of the static strain response of all unit；
Fig. 7 is the result of unit damage location identification；
Fig. 8 is the result of unit relative damage degree identification.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) building distributed long gauge length strain sensing monitoring system, span centre and bearing in monitored bridge structure are arranged
Some strain transducers；
(2) data acquisition when vehicle is passed a bridge, multi collect vehicle is through the long gauge length strain time history data of monitoring bridge span；
(3) data gathered in step (2) are decomposed, decomposite high frequency strain composition and low frequency strain composition；
(4) extract the strain of bridge long gauge length and affect envelope:
(5) bridge structural damage identification and bearing capacity state estimation, utilizes the long gauge length obtained strain to affect envelope identification and damages
Hinder position and relative degree of injury, carry out bearing capacity state estimation by relative damage degree.
In step (1), for long span bridge, key area is selected to carry out area monitoring；For the highway bridge of Middle Or Small Span, use
Sensor monitoring bridge span it is abound with at the bottom of beam.
Wherein, the strain transducer described in step (1) is long gauge length strain transducer.
Wherein, long gauge length sensor is long gauge length optical fibre grating sensor or the resistance strain sensor of long gauge length.
In step (2), utilizing Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) or empirical modal method to extract the long gauge length under bicycle load should
Become time-histories.
The data that when the long gauge length strain data gathered in the content of described step (2) is bicycle gap bridge, monitoring obtains.
In described step (3), use Empirical mode decomposition that long gauge length strain time history is decomposed into multilamellar strain signal,
The frequency size of every layer signal is by auto-sequencing from high to low.
In step (4), when extracting static strain composition, erect curved frequency with bridge structure the first rank as threshold values, or with frequency
The frequency values of analysis of spectrum the first rank amplitude maximum is threshold values, is static strain by the strain composition additional combining that frequency is less than threshold values
Composition.
In step (5), utilizing long gauge length static strain maximum to build the strain of growth gauge length affects envelope；Pars affecta
Position affect in the strain of long gauge length and shows as a projection on envelope, and relative damage degree is the degree of this projection of calculating.
The theory of (b) the method
The present invention utilizes strain to affect lineation opinion and combines distributed long gauge length strain sensing technology under Moving Loads
Structure carry out non-destructive tests, for girder structure as shown in Figure 1, coordinate xiThe strain equation of the influence line at place is
Wherein xiFor calculating the cross section coordinate along structure length direction, EI is the bending rigidity calculating cross section, and y is for calculating
The depth of neutral axis in cross section, L is the length of structure.Assume structure to be divided into N number of long gauge length unit, equipped with one under each unit
Long gauge length sensor.The strain of the longest gauge length affects line and can be write as:
The loss of rigidity assuming jth unit isSo strain under faulted condition affects line and is expressed as:
Formula (formula 3) is compared with formula (formula 1), can obtain
Assume that i-th element stiffness has freeed degeneration.Stiffness Deterioration is (EIi)*=(1-β) × (EIi), wherein β is rigidity
The degree degenerated.
(EI)i *=(1-β) × (EI)i(formula 7)
It is anti-that strain before and after publicity can be seen that damage affects the rigidity in the range of the ratio of the amplitude of line and unit
Ratio relation, the initial stiffness of structure is a definite value, say, that can increase along with the strain of the loss unit of rigidity affects wire spoke value
Greatly.If the strain in the range of traveling load lower unit can be extracted affect wire spoke value, the non-destructive tests of structure just can be carried out.
C in () the method, static strain extracts criterion
Method proposes the criterion of two kinds of static strains.The first erects curved frequency as threshold values with structure the first rank, and second
Plant with the first order frequency value in spectrum analysis as threshold values.Can be by when using and extracting static corresponding with structure fundamental frequency for standard
Illuminated 10
When structure frequency spectrum can not substantially reflect structure fundamental frequency, now cannot be with structure fundamental frequency as standard of comparison, Ke Yizhi
Meet the first order frequency f of the frequency spectrum using long gauge length strain time history1.The strain composition of the first order frequency of spectrum analysis is directly determined
Determine the amplitude size of strain time history, its Main Function of size to strain time history.
In formula 10 and formula 11, εsAnd εdRepresent that the impact of isolated static strain is with dynamic from long gauge length strains respectively
Strain-responsive.f、fsAnd f1Represent the first order frequency of the fundamental frequency of isolated IMF, the fundamental frequency of structure and spectrum analysis respectively.
With the specific implementation method of explicit law this law for a Practical Project, Fig. 2 is the bridge that the inventive method uses
Section form.Bridge is four small box girder prestressed bridges, select the one of right width across as monitoring across.The numbering principle of small box girder is
G1, G2, G3 and G4 it is respectively designated as from outside to inner side.
The first step: build distributed long gauge length strain monitoring system.
According to the gauge length and the quantity that select sensor across footpath of bridge, the bridge span used in method is 30m, selects to pass
The gauge length of sensor is 1m, monitored area be remove bearing position 27m across footpath, the small box girder of monitoring is chosen as G2 and G4.This
Sensor all uses the mode of surface mount, and first with polisher polishing sensor sticking area, then it is clear to carry out surface with ethanol
Clean process.After setting-out fixed point, then fix the anchor point at sensor two ends with AB glue temporarily, the most i.e. glue by structure glue comprehensively
Patch, workmen deploys along bridge longitudinally construction until sensor on bridge inspection vehicle, after structure glue solidification, just can start
Gather data.Fig. 3 is the layout drawing of sensor, and every beam installs 25 sensors, and numbering is divided into 1 to 25.
Second step: gather single vehicle by long gauge length strain data during bridge.
This test carries out short time monitoring under bicycle load action, and sample frequency is 1000Hz, collects 40 altogether
Effective sample.Gather long gauge length strain data see Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2 for long gauge length strain time history is done spectrum analysis, Ke Yifa
First rank of existing bridge are erected curved frequency and are not shown, therefore use the second static strain compositional rule formula 11 to carry out static state
Strain is extracted.
3rd step: use Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to decompose
The long gauge length strain time history EMD gathered is decomposed, extracts static strain composition.When taking the strain of span centre unit
As a example by journey, decomposing and see Fig. 5, as can be seen from Figure 5, strain time history has been divided into 12 layers according to the height of frequency by strain time history by EMD, with
Time analyze the spectral characteristic of every layer signal.The named IMF of every layer signal, named to every layer signal spectrum analysis
IMFFFT。
4th step: according to the static strain synthesis criterion formulas 10 proposed in the present invention, the static strain composition extracted
See Fig. 6.
5th step: the long gauge length strain being configured to the maximum of the static strain extracted affects envelope and sees Fig. 7.
Affecting envelope figure according to the long gauge length strain extracted and carry out the identification of damage position, damage is at long gauge length strain shadow
Ring and show as a projection on line, see Fig. 7 with the damage results of this phenomenon identification.Line is affected by the strain of damage location
Degree of convexity evaluate relative damage degree and see Fig. 8.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length, it is characterised in that under the method includes
Row step:
(1) build distributed long gauge length strain sensing monitoring system, arrange some strain transducers at monitored bridge；
(2) data acquisition when vehicle is passed a bridge, multi collect vehicle is through the long gauge length strain time history data of monitoring bridge span；
(3) data gathered in step (2) are decomposed, decomposite high frequency strain composition and low frequency strain composition, by frequency
Peak value erects the low-frequency component of curved frequency less than bridge the first rank and stacks up composition static strain composition；
(4) being extracted by the maximum of the static strain composition obtained in step (3), each sensor can propose one
Big static strain value, the static strain maximum extracted in all the sensors constitutes the strain of long gauge length affects envelope；
(5) bridge structural damage identification and bearing capacity state estimation: utilize the long gauge length obtained strain to affect envelope identification of damage position
Put and relative degree of injury, carry out bearing capacity state estimation by relative damage degree.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be: in step (1), for long span bridge, span centre and bearing at bridge arrange that strain transducer carries out area monitoring；For
The highway bridge of Middle Or Small Span, uses and is abound with Sensor monitoring bridge span at the bottom of beam.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be: wherein, the strain transducer described in step (1) is long gauge length strain transducer.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 3, it is special
Levying and be: wherein, long gauge length strain transducer is long gauge length optical fibre grating sensor or long gauge length resistance strain sensor.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be: in step (2), utilizing Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) or empirical modal method to extract the long gauge length under bicycle load should
Become time-histories.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: the data that when the long gauge length strain data gathered in the content of described step (2) is bicycle gap bridge, monitoring obtains.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: in described step (3), use Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) that long gauge length strain time history is decomposed into many ply strains
Signal, the frequency size of every layer signal is by auto-sequencing from high to low.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: in step (4), when extracting static strain composition, erect curved frequency with bridge structure the first rank as threshold values, or with frequency spectrum
The frequency values analyzing the first rank amplitude maximum is threshold values, and the strain composition additional combining that frequency is less than threshold values is that static strain becomes
Point.
A kind of bridge damnification recognition method affecting envelope based on the strain of long gauge length the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be: in step (5), utilizing long gauge length static strain maximum to build the strain of growth gauge length affects envelope；Pars affecta
Position affect in the strain of long gauge length and shows as a projection on envelope, and relative damage degree is the degree of this projection of calculating.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610357760.7A CN105973627A (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Long-gauge-length-strain-influence-envelope-based bridge damage identification method |
| PCT/CN2017/078697 WO2017202139A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2017-03-30 | Bridge damage identification method based on long-gauge-length strain influence envelope |
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| CN201610357760.7A CN105973627A (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Long-gauge-length-strain-influence-envelope-based bridge damage identification method |
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