CN109839440A - A kind of bridge damnification localization method based on standing vehicle testing - Google Patents
A kind of bridge damnification localization method based on standing vehicle testing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on the bridge damnification localization method for standing vehicle testing, it is characterized in that: forming movable detection equipment in the upper single Wireless Acceleration Sensor of installation of two-axle car, the two-axle car is gradually placed at the different location of bridge and is tested, obtain the dynamic response of the two-axle car and Modular Bridge System under environmental excitation, spectrum analysis is carried out by dynamic response described in Fourier transform pairs, obtain corresponding frequency, compare damage front and back and work as the system frequency change curve that two-axle car is at different location, determines bridge damnification position.The method of the present invention is easy to implement, high-efficient, and visual result, efficiently solves the problems, such as that traditional damage positioning method needs a large amount of test sensors, test trouble and data processing difficulty big.
Description
Technical field
It is more specifically a kind of based on the bridge for standing vehicle testing the present invention relates to girder construction monitoring and detection field
Damage positioning method, recognition result can be used for evaluating the safe condition of bridge.
Background technique
Bridge is the key hinge in traffic engineering.During subsequent military service, bridge because by various complex environments,
Such as typhoon, earthquake, flood, the erosion of burn into explosion and ever-increasing vehicle load and the magnitude of traffic flow is prolonged and repeated
Effect.Material aging fatigue, damage constantly accumulation, performance gradually degrades, and then brings to the safe operation of bridge structure huge
Hidden danger, thus also highlighted bridge structure operation during status monitoring and non-destructive tests necessity and urgency.
Currently, carrying out health monitoring to bridge structure has become the important topic that civil engineering scholar endeavours research,
Wherein most critical is also most difficult problem, is exactly identified to the damage of structure.It is special using structural dynamic caused by damaging
The change of property and dynamic response carrys out identification of damage and has received widespread attention in building industry.In general, these damages based on power
Recognition methods can be attributed to two major classes according to whether needing model: first is that the method based on finite element model, second is that model-free
Method.For first kind method, it usually needs the finite element model for establishing bridge according to design drawing, the ginseng as non-destructive tests
According to.However actual civil engineering structure is often in complex environment, finite element modeling difficulty is big, uncertainty as a result
It is larger.Second class method, the damnification recognition method of model-free do not need to establish complicated structural model independent of model, from
And reduce amount of calculation, it also avoids by modeling bring error, still, such method needs at more complicated signal
Reason means, therefore, it is difficult to promote and apply.Position locating for sensor in damnification recognition method based on power according to acquisition signal
It sets, direct method and indirect method two major classes can be attributed to；In direct method, sensor acquires the dynamic response of bridge itself, belongs to
In traditional method, it usually needs a large amount of sensor causes site workload huge, data processing complex, and it is inconvenient to implement；
In indirect method, sensor acquires the dynamic response of vehicle on bridge, can be acquired by the sensor being individually installed on vehicle
The signal arrived carries out non-destructive tests, easy to implement, has biggish application prospect, but need more complex signal processing means.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is provided a kind of based on standing vehicle testing to avoid above-mentioned existing deficiencies in the technology
Bridge damnification localization method is gradually placed in frequency at the different location of bridge by test two-axle car and determines bridge damnification position
It sets, needs finite element model to solve conventional method, implements that inconvenient, data processing difficulty is big and needs asking for big quantity sensor
Topic.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that in order to solve the technical problem
The present invention is based on the characteristics of bridge damnification localization method for standing vehicle testing to be: single in the upper installation of two-axle car
Wireless Acceleration Sensor forms movable detection equipment, the two-axle car is gradually placed at the different location of bridge and is carried out
Test, obtains the dynamic response of the two-axle car and Modular Bridge System under environmental excitation, by moving described in Fourier transform pairs
Force-responsive carries out spectrum analysis, obtains corresponding frequency, compares damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system at different location
Frequency variation curve determines bridge damnification position.
It lies also in and comprises the steps of: the present invention is based on the characteristics of bridge damnification localization method for standing vehicle testing
Step 1, selection two-axle car, single Wireless Acceleration Sensor is placed on the two-axle car, is formed removable
Dynamic test equipment, the size of the mass M of the two-axle car are determined according to following principle one:
Principle one: enable to the frequency of two-axle car-Modular Bridge System that there is measurable area compared to bridge frequency itself
Not, it is desirable that vehicle and bridge mass ratio are not less than 1%；
Step 2, the wheelbase L according to the two-axle cart, the bridge to be tested that length is L is equidistantly divided into N number of area
Between, and have: Lt=L/N；
Step 3, each section that the two-axle car is gradually placed in bridge are tested, and two-axle car-bridge is obtained
Dynamic response of the system under environmental excitation；
Step 4 identifies frequency to dynamic response obtained progress spectrum analysis by Fourier transformation；
Step 5 changes according to damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system frequency at different location, calculates damage reason location
Index DLI determines bridge damnification position.
It lies also in the present invention is based on the characteristics of girder construction damage positioning method for standing vehicle testing and determines as follows
Bridge damnification position:
Test before damage: the two-axle car is gradually placed in N number of section, on each section, is respectively formed a damage
Preceding two-axle car-Modular Bridge System obtains N number of fundamental frequency about two-axle car-Modular Bridge System before damaging by detection
Wherein, subscript u indicates undamaged state, and subscript i indicates section number, subscript i=1,2 ... N；
It is tested after damage: according to testing after being damaged with the identical method of test before damage, N number of pass being obtained by detection
The fundamental frequency F of two-axle car-Modular Bridge System after damagei d, subscript d expression faulted condition；
Then, each section relative frequency difference FD in damage front and backiIt is characterized by formula (1):
Difference on the frequency curvature FDCiIt is characterized by formula (2):
Define damage reason location index DLIiAs formula (3) characterizes:
With damage reason location index DLIiDLI is drawn using section N as abscissa for ordinatei- N curve, DLIiIn-N curve
Section where peak value is injury interval.
The present invention is that two-axle car is gradually placed in bridge in two-axle car upper installation single Wireless Acceleration Sensor
It is tested at different location, obtains dynamic response of the two-axle car-Modular Bridge System under environmental excitation, then become by Fourier
Swap-in line frequency spectrum analysis, obtains corresponding frequency, draws damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system frequency at different location
Change curve determines bridge damnification position；Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is tested using single acceleration transducer, by the position of mobile two-axle car, avoids survey
Need number of devices by multiple sensor arrangements in test process caused in structure and workload huge, real during examination
Apply problem inconvenient, that difficulty is excessively high.
2, the two-axle car-Modular Bridge System frequency variation feature related to damage position is utilized in the present invention well, leads to
The damage of overfrequency test position fix, whole process carry out signal processing, data analysis process using the Fourier transformation of traditional classical
Simply, location efficiency only is substantially increased only in accordance with fundamental frequency.
3, present invention only requires test damage front and back, two-axle car is placed in the system frequency when different location of bridge, no
It needs to establish finite element model, compared to the method that tradition needs finite element model, there is better applicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process schematic that damage reason location is carried out using the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is freely-supported beam model；
Fig. 3 is that the typical power of arbitrary excitation simply supported beam responds；
Fig. 4 is the spectrogram that the typical power of arbitrary excitation simply supported beam responds；
Fig. 5 is single injury simply supported beam positioning result；
Fig. 6 is double damage simply supported beam positioning results；
Fig. 7 is two span continuous beam models；
Fig. 8 is two span continuous beam positioning result of single injury；
Fig. 9 is two span continuous beam positioning results of double damages.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the bridge damnification localization method based on standing vehicle testing in the present embodiment is pacified on two-axle car a
It fills single Wireless Acceleration Sensor A and forms movable detection equipment, two-axle car is gradually placed at the different location of bridge
It is tested, obtains the dynamic response of two-axle car and Modular Bridge System under environmental excitation, rung by Fourier transform pairs power
Spectrum analysis should be carried out, corresponding frequency is obtained, compares damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system frequency at different location
Change curve determines bridge damnification position.
In specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, based on stand vehicle testing bridge damnification localization method press as step into
Row:
Step 1, selection two-axle car a, single Wireless Acceleration Sensor A is placed on two-axle car a, is formed removable
The size of test equipment, the mass M of two-axle car a is determined according to following principle one: principle one: enabling to two-axle car
- frequency of Modular Bridge System has measurable difference compared to bridge frequency itself, it is desirable that vehicle is not less than with bridge mass ratio
1%.
Step 2, the wheelbase L according to two-axle car at, the bridge to be tested that length is L is equidistantly divided into N number of section,
And have: Lt=L/N.
Step 3, each section that two-axle car a is gradually placed in bridge are tested, and two-axle car a is shown in Fig. 1
It is tested in the section of bridge 1, section 2, section i, section N-1 and section N, obtains two-axle car-Modular Bridge System in environment
Dynamic response under excitation.
Step 4 identifies frequency to dynamic response obtained progress spectrum analysis by Fourier transformation.
Step 5 changes according to damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system frequency at different location, calculates damage reason location
Index DLI determines bridge damnification position.
After two-axle car is stood, the frequency of the two-axle car-Modular Bridge System formed with bridge will change, and damage
There is significant difference at the change and other positions of frequency at position；Therefore, bridge is determined in the present embodiment as follows
Damage position:
Two-axle car: being gradually placed in N number of section by test before damage, on each section, is respectively formed a damage preceding two
Axis vehicle-bridge system is obtained N number of about fundamental frequency F before the damage for damaging preceding two-axle car-Modular Bridge System by detectioni u,
Wherein, subscript u indicates undamaged state, and subscript i indicates section number, subscript i=1,2 ... N.
It is tested after damage: according to testing after being damaged with the identical method of test before damage, N number of pass being obtained by detection
The fundamental frequency F after the damage of two-axle car-Modular Bridge System after damagei d, subscript d expression faulted condition.
Then, each section relative frequency difference FD in damage front and backiIt is characterized by formula (1):
Difference on the frequency curvature FDCiIt is characterized by formula (2):
Define damage reason location index DLIiAs formula (3) characterizes:
With damage reason location index DLIiDLI is drawn using section N as abscissa for ordinatei- N curve, DLIiIn-N curve
Section where peak value is injury interval.
Embodiment 1:
Freely-supported beam length shown in Fig. 2 is 20m, and elasticity modulus is 7.5 × 1010N/m2, density is 2.7 × 103kg/m3, transversal
Face is square section, and side length 0.2m is equidistantly divided into 30 sections.Using the means of numerical simulation, it is divided into 20
Plane euler beam unit simulation, sample frequency 100Hz, time 200s.Using arbitrary excitation, pass through Newmark- β method meter
Calculate the dynamic response of the beam.The present embodiment considers the following two kinds operating condition:
(1) single injury operating condition: section 17, section rigidity reduction are the 70% of original value；
(2) double damage regimes: section 12, section rigidity reduction are the 80% of original value；Section 20, section rigidity reduction are
The 75% of original value.
Identification step:
S1: select quality for the two-axle car a of 50kg；
S2: setting two-axle car stand 30 equidistantly distributes；
S3: selecting single Wireless Acceleration Sensor, be placed on two-axle car, forms moveable test equipment；
Two-axle car: being gradually placed in each section of bridge by S4, forms two-axle car-cross-section girder system in each section
System, obtains dynamic response of the two-axle car-Modular Bridge System under environmental excitation, and typical acceleration dynamic response is as shown in Figure 3；
S5: by Fourier transformation, carrying out spectrum analysis to dynamic response obtained, typical frequency spectrum figure as shown in figure 4,
Peak value is obvious, identifies frequency；
S6: damage reason location index DLI is calculated, determines bridge damnification position.Determine under single injury operating condition and double damage regimes
Position result difference is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Embodiment 2:
Two span continuous beams cantilever beam shown in Fig. 7, each span length's degree be 15m, other parameters, method for solving and identification process with
Embodiment 1 is identical, it also is contemplated that two kinds of operating conditions:
(1) single injury operating condition: section 23, section rigidity reduction are the 80% of original value；
(2) double damage regimes, section 10, section rigidity reduction are the 70% of original value, section 23, and section rigidity reduction is
The 75% of original value.Positioning result difference under single injury operating condition and double damage regimes is as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are demonstrated the method for the present invention and are tested using single acceleration transducer, and mobile two axis are passed through
The position of vehicle measures multiple system frequencies, can effectively realize damage reason location by the positioning index of building；The present invention effectively solves
The number of devices in damnification recognition method test process of having determined traditional, data processing difficulty are big and need finite element model etc. and ask
Topic.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of based on the bridge damnification localization method for standing vehicle testing, it is characterized in that: in the upper single nothing of installation of two-axle car
Linear acceleration transducer forms movable detection equipment, the two-axle car is gradually placed at the different location of bridge and is surveyed
Examination, obtains the dynamic response of the two-axle car and Modular Bridge System under environmental excitation, passes through power described in Fourier transform pairs
Response carries out spectrum analysis, obtains corresponding frequency, compares damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system frequency at different location
Rate change curve determines bridge damnification position.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on the bridge damnification localization method for standing vehicle testing, it is characterized in that comprising following
Step:
Step 1, selection two-axle car, single Wireless Acceleration Sensor is placed on the two-axle car, forms removable survey
Trial assembly is standby, and the size of the mass M of the two-axle car is determined according to following principle one:
Principle one: it enables to the frequency of two-axle car-Modular Bridge System that there is measurable difference compared to bridge frequency itself,
Ask vehicle and bridge mass ratio not less than 1%；
Step 2, the wheelbase L according to the two-axle cart, the bridge to be tested that length is L is equidistantly divided into N number of section, and
Have: Lt=L/N；
Step 3, each section that the two-axle car is gradually placed in bridge are tested, and two-axle car-Modular Bridge System is obtained
Dynamic response under environmental excitation；
Step 4 identifies frequency to dynamic response obtained progress spectrum analysis by Fourier transformation；
Step 5 changes according to damage front and back when two-axle car is in the system frequency at different location, calculates damage reason location index
DLI determines bridge damnification position.
3. it is according to claim 1 based on the girder construction damage positioning method for standing vehicle testing, it is characterized in that: by as follows
Mode determines bridge damnification position:
Test before damage: being gradually placed in N number of section for the two-axle car, on each section, is respectively formed a damage preceding two
Axis vehicle-bridge system is obtained N number of about fundamental frequency F before the damage for damaging preceding two-axle car-Modular Bridge System by detectioni u,
Wherein, subscript u indicates undamaged state, and subscript i indicates section number, subscript i=1,2 ... N；
It tests after damage: according to being tested after being damaged with the identical method of test before damage, being obtained by detection N number of about damage
Fundamental frequency F after the damage of two-axle car-Modular Bridge System after woundi d, subscript d expression faulted condition；
Then, each section relative frequency difference FD in damage front and backiIt is characterized by formula (1):
Difference on the frequency curvature FDCiIt is characterized by formula (2):
Define damage reason location index DLIiAs formula (3) characterizes:
With damage reason location index DLIiDLI is drawn using section N as abscissa for ordinatei- N curve, DLIiPeak value in-N curve
Place section is injury interval.
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| CN114756936A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-15 | 嘉兴南湖学院 | Bridge dynamic characteristic identification method based on machine vision |
| CN115510724A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-23 | 安徽省交通控股集团有限公司 | Bridge damage identification method based on mobile vehicle test |
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