CN101266190A - Normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device and method - Google Patents
Normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for measuring modal parameter of a cable-stayed bridge for normal traffic, comprising: selecting a reference measuring point for setting a sensor; selecting a plurality of measuring positions for each measuring segment of the bridge, each of which is used for recording data of measuring position sensors and the data of reference measuring position sensors; activating sensor each of measuring point by the taking the free traffic as vibration measuring source, and sequentially transmitting the collected signals to a data collector, a low-pass filter, a extended case, a computer; the computer is used for recording digital signal from the extended case; alternatively measuring the segment, repeating the measuring and signal transmitting process to the end; then using the computer to process the collected signal. The method according to the invention can identify modal parameter of the cable-stayed bridge after being used for a few years without influencing the traffic on the bridge, in order to provide a feasible method for vibration measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable-stayed bridge modal parameter assay method, the invention particularly relates to a kind of normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device and method.
Background technology
The generation of structural damage must cause the change of modal parameters (rigidity, damping and the vibration shape), and utilizing method for oscillating is exactly to extract damaged diagnosis required drive " fingerprint " from the variation of cable-stayed bridge mode of oscillation to the basis that cable-stayed bridge carries out diagnosing structural damage.In the method for structure Non-Destructive Testing, method for detecting vibration has economical and effective and uses the advantage of comparison safety.To corresponding signal process software, mode of oscillation measuring method existing decades of developing history has accumulated rich experience from sensor test equipment, and mode of oscillation is measured also very fast in the development of bridge damnification detection range.The method of measuring the structures self-vibration characteristic is a lot, mainly contains steady-state sine excitation method, transfer function method and environment pulsation method of testing at present.The steady-state sine excitation method is to encourage with certain steady-state sine to structure, determines the vibration shape and the corresponding damping ratio of structure under each resonant frequency by the way of frequency sweeping.Transfer function method is with various method structure to be encouraged (as sinusoidal excitation, pulse excitation or arbitrary excitation etc.), measure the response of exciting force and each point, the special-purpose analytical equipment of utilization is obtained the transport function between each response point and the point of excitation, and then can draw each rank modal parameter (comprising the vibration shape, frequency, damping ratio) of structure.Environment pulsation method of testing is to utilize works (especially high flexibility structure) under the influence of physical environment vibration source (as wind, current, earth pulsation etc.), the random vibration that is produced, by sensor record, through analysis of spectrum, try to achieve the kinematic behavior parameter of works.
More than three kinds of methods its advantage and limitation are respectively arranged.Utilize resonant method can obtain the more accurate natural frequency of vibration of texture ratio and damping ratio, but its shortcoming is the self-vibration characteristic in the time of can only trying to achieve low order mode when adopting single point excitation, and equipment that the employing multi-point exciting need be more and higher experimental technique; Transfer function method is applied to model test, usually can obtain satisfied result, but the practical structures very big for yardstick will just can make structural vibration with bigger exciting force, thereby obtains satisfied transport function, and this often has certain difficulty in actual test job.
Utilize the vibration source of environment random vibration as the works exciting, measure the also method of analytical structure thing inherent characteristic, in recent years along with popularizing of computer technology and FFT theory grows up, now be widely used in the dynamic analysis research of buildings, also obtained utilization widely for the dynamic analysis of large-scale flexible structures such as cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge.The environment of cable-stayed bridge or suspension bridge at random vibration source from two aspects: refer on the one hand pass to the ground vibration of structure and because the atmosphere variation has influence on the vibration of superstructure (according to the power measurement from foundation, can find that its frequency spectrum is quite abundant, have the different pulsation predominant periods, reacted the kinematic behavior of different regions geology soil); On the other hand mainly from the random vibration of crossing bridge vehicle.If there be not travelling of vehicle, cable-stayed bridge will be in the small and irregular vibration all the time, can find that the cable-stayed bridge pulsation source is ergodic stochastic process stably, and its pulsation response also is the extremely small random vibration of amplitude.By this random vibration test result, can determine respectively to test frequency response function or parameters such as transport function, response spectra under the degree of freedom, and then can discern modal parameters (natural frequency, the vibration shape, damping ratio etc.).
Usually the environment random vibration of cable-stayed bridge detects and carries out under the situation of restricting traffic often, adopt the wind to shake and earth pulsation as the environment vibration source, the vibration of seldom adopting vehicle on the bridge is as vibration source.This is because the vibration detection of general cable-stayed bridge even various other bridges is often carried out in the early stage of bridge operation; Vehicular vibration does not also have mature theory and practice to support that present achievement only rests on by testing vehicle the calculation coefficient of impact is asked in the vibratory response of bridge as input signal up to now on the other hand.Yet, cable-stayed bridge is carried out health monitoring, damaged diagnosis, must extract the power fingerprint during the operation, health monitoring holding time long (round-the-clock) therefore can't restricting traffic; Vibration monitoring should truly reflect vibration characteristics intrinsic under the bridge virtual condition, and restricting traffic can't reflect this real state.
All multifactor meetings such as steel fatigue corrosion, prestress relax, bridge deformation make cable-stayed bridge generation local damage, though these local damages can not cause the destruction of total immediately, it have been constituted potential danger safely.Local damage can cause that the cable-stayed bridge integral rigidity descends and load-bearing capacity reduces, and influences the ride quality of vehicle, and unstable failure can appear in severe patient.Its result has not only shortened the serviceable life of structure, but also threatens the safety of personnel's life and property.If can in time find breakage, and diagnose out the position and the damaged degree of local damage, just can make the maintenance personal make correct maintenance policy, repair timely, this is particularly important for the security of the lives and property that ensures people.
Any structure all can be regarded the dynamical system that is made of rigidity, quality, damping matrix (general designation structural parameters) as, structure is in case occur damaged, structural parameters also change thereupon, thereby cause the change of system's frequency response function and modal parameter, and this change can be considered the sign that structural failure takes place.Like this, can utilize the breakage that comes deagnostic structure by the dynamic data before and after the structural failure tested of test, and then propose recovery scenario, " structural failure diagnosis " technology that modern development gets up a kind of method that comes to this.Its great advantage be will cause structural vibration extraneous factor as driving source, diagnostic procedure does not influence the normal use of structure, can finish the on-line monitoring and the diagnosis of structural failure easily.
For large span stayed-cable bridge, since the field test noise cause than mistake, the more important thing is to measure more complete mode of oscillation (can only measure the modal components on the minority degree of freedom) that this makes the general structural damage detection method based on vibration-testing (need use more complete mode of oscillation) not use.So, based on the cable-stayed bridge Damage Diagnosis of dynamic test data carry out both at home and abroad very few, the progress that obtains at present mainly is reflected in: 1. by forced vibration tests, the reaction that can the Analysis Mode parameter structure partial be changed; 2. at car weight, the speed of a motor vehicle, road surface and honour and deep understanding and theoretic foundation to be arranged aspect the influence of bridge modal parameter, proved with the ambient vibration method and carried out the bridge feasibility of detection automatically; 3. to being applicable to that the configuration state sensitive parameter that bridge detects has accumulated theoretic knowledge and experimental basis; 4. can utilize the data of test to carry out the correction of computation model to a certain extent; 5. various damage check and location technologies have been developed based on change amounts such as frequency, the vibration shape, vibration shape curvature, the strain vibration shapes, MAC method, COMAC method, flexible matrix method, diagnostic techniquess such as matrix perturbation revised law, nonlinear iteration method and neuroid method on disposal route, have been sought, these methods differ from one another, and have all obtained positive effect in the scope of part.
Yet, these achievements in research also belong to basic exploration in the research of cable-stayed bridge status assessing system, the assessment objective of system of distance still has very big gap, although some globality assessment technology has had the example of success on some simple structures, can't be applied to labyrinth reliably.Hindering this technology enters practical main cause and comprises: the 1. uncertainty in structure and the environment and the influence of non-structural factor; 2. metrical information is incomplete; 3. the not enough and measuring-signal noise of measuring accuracy; 4. the bridge structure measuring-signal is insensitive to the structure partial damage.Also have following problem for large-scale cable-stayed bridge structure: 1. cable-stayed bridge structural uncertainty factor and complex operating environment have caused adverse influence to the sensitivity of structural modal response, have caused many problems of present cable-stayed bridge whole monitoring; 2. the variation to cable-stayed bridge operating characteristic in tenure of use lacks deep research comprehensively, is difficult to set up objective unified bridge state estimation standard.Because the construction history of cable-stayed bridge is not long, research to this aspect is just at the early-stage, on appraisal procedure, the deciding grade and level appraisal procedure that at present its safety assessment is still followed basically the middle or small bridge of routine is a kind of main qualitative, superficial safety evaluation of carrying out around the apparent condition and the normal usability of structure.Therefore, be necessary it is carried out deep research, accumulate more safety assessment experience.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, provide a kind of under the situation that does not limit traffic on the bridge, adopt free traffic flow, identify cable-stayed bridge and use the back for many years modal parameter assay method that flows down in normal traffic as vibration source.
Normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device of the present invention, it comprises a plurality of a plurality of ultralow frequency sensors that are used to gather and export vibration frequency, amplitude signal of the numerous check points of bridge floor, data collecting instruments that are used to catch described sensor output signal of being arranged in; One is used to receive, filter the low-pass filter that described signal acquisition is also exported this trap signal; An extension box that is used to receive described trap signal and this conversion of signals is become digital signal output; One is used to receive the digital signal of described extension box and the computing machine that presets data collection and analysis software that this signal is handled to test bridge natural frequency and each check point place vibration shape coordinate with identification.
A kind of normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method of the present invention, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) in spanning, select the most responsive measuring point of vibration as the reference measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor;
(2) because required number of sensors is huge, can be according to the number of sensors that is had, divide section and while to test full-bridge in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected a plurality of test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section in record test position sensing data record with reference to the data of measuring point sensor;
(3) taking from by wagon flow is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with the signal of described each measuring point, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with described signal acquisition, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, and described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box;
(4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end;
(5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) that the signal of its record is handled with the natural frequency of identification test bridge and at the vibration shape coordinate at each check point place.
Device and method of the present invention adopts free traffic flow as the environment vibration source, by the environment random vibration test, kinematic behavior (frequency, the vibration shape) to the cable-stayed bridge operating conditions is measured, from the frequency spectrum of cable-stayed bridge present situation fluctuation velocity reaction signal, utilize the mode of oscillation (natural frequency, the vibration shape and damping) of related function method identification full-bridge, with this as cable-stayed bridge the power " fingerprint " under damage state based.Power " fingerprint " by cable-stayed bridge under damage state based compares with power " fingerprint " under the cable-stayed bridge serviceable condition, finally discerns the position and the degree of cable-stayed bridge breakage.Adopt the inventive method under the situation that does not limit traffic on the bridge, can identify the modal parameter after cable-stayed bridge uses for many years, for operation jackshaft vibration of beam test has proposed feasible method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the power spectrum curve figure of lorry span centre measuring point when passing through cable-stayed bridge;
Fig. 2 is that certain measuring point is once tested resulting power spectrum curve;
Fig. 3 is that certain measuring point is through 5 average power spectrum curves;
Fig. 4 is that the instrument of normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device of the present invention connects block diagram;
Fig. 5 is the testing procedure block diagram of normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the signal processing block diagram of normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and embodiment.
Cable-stayed bridge in the operation mostly is throat, and the volume of traffic is bigger, how is carrying out vibration detection under the situation of not disturbing traffic and then is extracting the key that true power fingerprint under this bridge standing state becomes this method.
1, with the vibration of different vehicle in the free traffic flow as a kind of random vibration, eliminate the influence of Vehicular vibration through multiple averaging to cable-stayed bridge.
Compare with Vehicular vibration, wind shake or earth pulsation generally less to the response of cable-stayed bridge.The environment amplification of exciting at random then usually can obtain satisfied result for the flexible structure of cable-stayed bridge one class.Vehicle of the same race only can be regarded forced vibration as to the vibration of cable-stayed bridge, and vehicle itself is as a typical vibrational system, know its natural frequency of vibration [58] between 1Hz ~ 5Hz according to relevant document, basic identical with cable-stayed bridge natural frequency of vibration scope, the pairing frequency of the interactional power spectral density function of corresponding vehicle bridge (Powerspectral density-PSD) peak value is not only represented the vibration frequency of bridge itself, and reflection vehicle bridge results of interaction, Fig. 1 is the power spectrum curve figure of high capacity waggon span centre measuring point during by cable-stayed bridge.
Consider free traffic flow, because the current of various vehicles all is at random, the vibration of vehicle of the same race can not regarded arbitrary excitation as, through multiple averaging, can eliminate the influence of vehicle to the cable-stayed bridge vibration greatly.Fig. 2 is the test result of cable-stayed bridge a certain measuring point in Yonghe County's under the free traffic flow effect, and Fig. 3 is the power spectrum curves of 5 test results of corresponding measuring point after average.As seen from Figure 3, through multiple averaging, power spectrum curve is much improved, pairing frequency also changes, this is because vehicle originally as a vibrational system, vibrates the vibration that the resulting response of measuring point had both comprised bridge from cable-stayed bridge, has also comprised the vibration of vehicle itself.
2, through multiple averaging, random vibration is as filtering white noise, its auto-power spectrum G
FF(f) be constant, export auto-power spectrum G this moment
YY(f) be the frequency response function of structure.
Consider free traffic flow, the vibration of various vehicles is regarded as arbitrary excitation,, can eliminate the influence of vehicle, can adopt auto-power spectrum and cross-power spectrum to calculate frequency response function H (w), that is: the cable-stayed bridge vibration through multiple averaging
In the formula: G
YY, G
FF-be respectively the auto-power spectrum of input signal and output signal;
G
FY, G
YF-be the cross-power spectrum of input signal and output signal.
Can further draw:
G
YY(w)＝|H(w)|
2G
FF(w) (1-3)
For Vehicular vibration, the auto-power spectrum G of input signal in the formula (1-3)
FF(w) be difficult to calculate, yet through multiple averaging, and input or output the incoherent noise of signal and can both reduce, the asynchronous signal of being gathered is improved, and has eliminated The noise greatly, and random vibration becomes the filtration white noise, its auto-power spectrum G
FF(f) be constant, export auto-power spectrum G this moment
YY(f) be the frequency response function (cable-stayed bridge environment random vibration test often set up) of structure according to this principle.
3, consider that input power (Vehicular vibration) can't detect, need to select measuring point to the lower mode sensitivity as one with reference to measuring point, can be the test data of reference measuring point as input signal, and the test result of other measuring point is as output signal, and then the estimated value of frequency response function (Frequency response functions-FRF) can be calculated.
Through multiple averaging, each measuring point and can calculate by following formula with reference to the spectrum certainly (Autospectrum) and the cross-spectrum (Cross spectrum) of measuring point:
4, extract the natural frequency of vibration of cable-stayed bridge by coherence function, the vibration by the multiple averaging free traffic flow causes improves frequency resolution
The coherence function calculating formula is as follows::
Coherence function can be regarded as the related coefficient of frequency domain, it changes between 0 and 1: for given frequency, coherence function equals 1, then illustrate between input signal and the output signal after all average to exist good linear relationship, illustrate that also the frequency of corresponding peaks correspondence is the natural frequency of bridge; The peak value that Vehicular vibration causes then corresponding low coherence function.By the vibration that the multiple averaging free traffic flow causes, frequency resolution is much improved.
5, will can be used as input signal with reference to the response signal of measuring point, as output signal, then the identification of cable-stayed bridge natural frequency can be achieved with reference to related function and phase relation between the vibration signal that writes down on measuring point and each the common measuring point by analyzing with the response signal of other measuring point of survey station.
The natural frequency point place of and twisting vibration vertical at all, as vertical with reference to the vibration signal on measuring point MSL or the MST and on the same group between other any one vertical motion signal correlativity all better, be MST1 or MSL1 with it the correlation function value between on the same group other vertical measuring point the value on the vertical or torsional natural frequency point all approaches 1.0 at all, and the great majority in other these correlation function values of Frequency point place all approach 0, can identify the vertical and torsion modes natural frequency of cable-stayed bridge like this.For above-mentioned identified natural frequency, when the phase difference between signals on MSL1 and the MST1 approached 0, this frequency was the perpendicular curved natural frequency of girder; And when these two phase difference between signals near 180 degree, and they with corresponding direction across bridge point position on signal between correlation function value simultaneously near 1 o'clock, this frequency is the natural frequency of girder twisting vibration and direction across bridge vibration coupling just; Otherwise be the pure natural frequency of turning round of girder.
6, the frequency response function curve that is adopted in the natural frequency identification is carried out integration, try to achieve the frequency response function curve of displacement.For the j rank natural frequency that has identified, can obtain the vibration shape according to relevant formula.
By calculating natural frequency point each measuring point of place and, obtaining corresponding natural mode of vibration on the same group with reference to the ratio of the square root between the measuring point from spectral amplitude ratio:
In the formula; A
Mj, A
MSj, Δ φ
MjThe signal that is respectively measuring point M place and reference point MSL or MST place is at the amplitude of oneself spectrum of natural frequency point place, j rank square root and the phase differential between them;
Be the vibration shape coordinate of this rank natural mode of vibration at measuring point M place.
Normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, it comprises a plurality of a plurality of ultralow frequency sensors that are used to gather and export vibration frequency, amplitude signal that are arranged in the numerous check points of bridge floor; A data collecting instrument that is used to catch described sensor output signal; One is used to receive, filter the low-pass filter that described signal acquisition is also exported this trap signal; An extension box that is used to receive described trap signal and this conversion of signals is become digital signal output; One is used to receive the digital signal of described extension box and the computing machine that presets data collection and analysis software that this signal is handled to test bridge natural frequency and each check point place vibration shape coordinate with identification.The cutoff frequency of described low-pass filter preferably is set to 10HZ.
In conjunction with Fig. 5 a kind of normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method of the present invention, it may further comprise the steps: (1) is selected in spanning the most responsive measuring point (generally at the span centre position) of vibration as with reference to measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor; (2) because required number of sensors is huge, can be according to the number of sensors that is had, divide section and while to test full-bridge in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected a plurality of test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section all writes down the data with reference to the measuring point sensor simultaneously in record test position data; (3) taking from by vehicle stream is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with described signal acquisition, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with the signal of described each measuring point, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, and described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box; (4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end; (5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) that the signal of its record is handled with the natural frequency of identification test bridge and at the vibration shape coordinate at each check point place.Each signal record time is 20 seconds～60 seconds in the described step (3), and the testing time of each measuring point is greater than 20 times, the test position that is provided with simultaneously in the bridge floor left and right sides in the described step (2) can make measurement result more accurate preferably along the full-bridge symmetric arrangement like this.
Can may further comprise the steps signal Processing in conjunction with the described employing computing machine of Fig. 6: each measuring point environment random vibration frequency, amplitude signal are carried out playback, step 101; All vibration frequencies that collect, amplitude signal are carried out the auto-power spectrum analysis, and the signal at reference measuring point place and the signal at each other measuring point place are carried out cross-spectrum analysis, step 102; Make related coefficient-frequency curve and phase differential-frequency curve, step 103 according to described cross-spectrum analysis then; Read phase difference value in the auto-power spectrum analysis result of described each measuring point and the phase differential-frequency curve, calculate then all measuring point places the signal correspondence autopower spectral density and make autopower spectral density curve, step 104; Find out with reference to all peak points that comprise peak value and crest frequency on the pairing autopower spectral density curve of measuring point signal, step 105; The frequency range that setting is to be studied also is set in N autopower spectral density peak value is arranged in this scope, step 106, and described frequency range to be studied should contain the frequency of all peak point correspondences in the step 105; The setting cycle index is N, step 107; Read the facies relationship numerical value in the related coefficient-frequency curve in the step 103 of described each measuring point correspondence and will be worth with step 106 in frequency range comparison to be studied to determine that in this crest frequency scope whether the random vibration signal of most of measuring points is all relevant, step 108; In the extraction step 108 facies relationship numerical value near 1, the bridge floor left and right sides is the signal of 0 ° or 180 ° with reference to the phase differential of measuring point, obtain the frequency of described measuring point then and draw out bending vibation mode picture, step 109; Whether cycle index is N in the step 110, if for not, then return step 107; Step 111 is if the result in the step 110 is for being, then according to the calculated signals M≤N rank natural frequency of extraction in the step 109; Read described natural frequency value and calculate the vibration shape coordinate at each measuring point place, step 112; Signal processing is finished.
(1) in spanning, select the span centre position as the reference measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor; (2) full-bridge is divided section and while test in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected 30 test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section all writes down the data with reference to the measuring point sensor simultaneously in record test position sensing data; (3) taking from by vehicle stream is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with described signal acquisition, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with described signal acquisition, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box, be 20 seconds writing time, and the testing time of each measuring point is 21 times; (4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end; (5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) signal of its record to be handled the vibration shape coordinate of testing bridge with identification at each check point place, adopt the above method detection vertical crooked vibration shape of cable-stayed bridge second order (relevant) natural frequency to be: 0.622559 with tower, adopting the FEM (finite element) calculation vertical crooked vibration shape of cable-stayed bridge second order (relevant with tower) natural frequency is 0.633284, and measured value and calculated value error are-1.69%.
Embodiment 2
(1) in spanning, select apart from 1 meter position of span centre as the reference measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor; (2) full-bridge is divided section and while test in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected 40 test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section all writes down the data with reference to the measuring point sensor simultaneously in record test position sensing data; (3) taking from by vehicle stream is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with described signal acquisition, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with described signal acquisition, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box, be 60 seconds writing time, and the testing time of each measuring point is 25 times; (4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end; (5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) signal of its record to be handled the vibration shape coordinate of testing bridge with identification at each check point place, adopt the vertical crooked vibration shape natural frequency of above method detection cable-stayed bridge single order to be: 0.427246, adopting the vertical crooked vibration shape natural frequency of FEM (finite element) calculation cable-stayed bridge single order is 0.439956, and measured value and calculated value error are-2.899%.
(1) in spanning, select end bay span centre position as the reference measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor; (2) full-bridge is divided section and while test in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected 44 test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section all writes down the data with reference to the measuring point sensor simultaneously in record test position sensing data; (3) taking from by vehicle stream is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with described signal acquisition, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with described signal acquisition, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box, be 40 seconds writing time, and the testing time of each measuring point is 25 times; (4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end; (5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) signal of its record to be handled the vibration shape coordinate of testing bridge with identification at each check point place, adopt above method detection cable-stayed bridge single order transverse curvature vibration shape natural frequency to be: 0.264205, adopting FEM (finite element) calculation cable-stayed bridge single order transverse curvature vibration shape natural frequency is 0.294864, and measured value and calculated value error are-10.399%.
(1) in spanning, select end bay span centre position as the reference measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor; (2) full-bridge is divided section and while test in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected 60 test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section all writes down the data with reference to the measuring point sensor simultaneously in record test position sensing data; (3) taking from by vehicle stream is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with described signal acquisition, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with described signal acquisition, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box, be 40 seconds writing time, and the testing time of each measuring point is 25 times; (4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end; (5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) signal of its record to be handled the vibration shape coordinate of testing bridge with identification at each check point place, adopt above method detection cable-stayed bridge second order transverse curvature vibration shape natural frequency to be: 0.678325, adopting FEM (finite element) calculation cable-stayed bridge second order transverse curvature vibration shape natural frequency is 0.654182, and measured value and calculated value error are 3.69%.
Claims (6)
1. normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device, it is characterized in that: it comprises a plurality of a plurality of ultralow frequency sensors that are used to gather and export vibration frequency, amplitude signal that are arranged in the numerous check points of bridge floor; A data collecting instrument that is used to catch described sensor output signal; One is used to receive, filter the low-pass filter that described signal acquisition is also exported this trap signal; An extension box that is used to receive described trap signal and this conversion of signals is become digital signal output; One is used to receive the digital signal of described extension box and the computing machine that presets data collection and analysis software that this signal is handled to test bridge natural frequency and each check point place vibration shape coordinate with identification.
2. normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cutoff frequency of described low-pass filter is set to 10HZ.
3. normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
(1) in spanning, select the most responsive measuring point of vibration as the reference measuring point, be provided with respectively laterally at this measuring point, vertically, vertical sensor;
(2) because required number of sensors is huge, can be according to the number of sensors that is had, divide section and while to test full-bridge in the bridge floor left and right sides, each test section is selected a plurality of test positions, be provided with respectively laterally at each test position of the bridge floor left and right sides, vertically, vertical sensor, each section in record test position sensing data record with reference to the data of measuring point sensor;
(3) taking from by wagon flow is vibration survey source, start vibration frequency and the amplitude signal of sensor to read described each measuring point of described each measuring point, described sensor is exported to a data collecting instrument that is used to catch described vibration frequency and amplitude signal with the signal of described each measuring point, described data collecting instrument is exported to a low-pass filter that is used to receive and filter described signal acquisition with described signal acquisition, described low-pass filter is exported described trap signal and is given one to be used to receive described trap signal and to be an extension box of digital signal with this conversion of signals, described extension box is exported to a computing machine with described digital signal, and described computing machine carries out record to the digital signal from extension box;
(4) test section in the described step of conversion (2), repeating step (2) and (3) are until end;
(5) adopt the computing machine in the described step (3) that the signal of its record is handled with the natural frequency of identification test bridge and at the vibration shape coordinate at each check point place.
4. normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method according to claim 3 it is characterized in that each signal record time is 20 seconds～60 seconds in the described step (3), and the testing time of each measuring point is greater than 20 times.
5. normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the test position that is provided with in the bridge floor left and right sides in the described step (2) is along the full-bridge symmetric arrangement.
6. normal traffic flow stayd-cable bridge mode parametric measurement method according to claim 3, described Computer signal is handled and be may further comprise the steps:
(1) each measuring point environment random vibration frequency, amplitude signal are carried out playback;
(2) all vibration frequencies that collect, amplitude signal are carried out the auto-power spectrum analysis, and the signal at the signal at reference measuring point place and each other measuring point place carried out the cross-spectrum analysis, make related coefficient-frequency curve and phase differential-frequency curve according to described cross-spectrum analysis then;
(3) read phase difference value in the auto-power spectrum analysis result of described each measuring point and the phase differential-frequency curve, calculate then all measuring point places the signal correspondence autopower spectral density and make the autopower spectral density curve;
(4) find out with reference to all peak points that comprise peak value and crest frequency on the pairing autopower spectral density curve of measuring point signal;
(5) set frequency range to be studied and be set in N autopower spectral density peak value arranged in this scope;
(6) setting cycle index is N;
(7) read the facies relationship numerical value in related coefficient-frequency curve in the step (2) of described each measuring point correspondence and will be worth with step (5) in frequency range comparison to be studied to determine that in this crest frequency scope whether the random vibration signal of most of measuring points is all relevant;
(8) in the extraction step (7) facies relationship numerical value near 1, the bridge floor left and right sides is the signal of 0 ° or 180 ° with reference to the phase differential of measuring point, obtain the frequency of described measuring point then and draw out bending vibation mode picture;
(9) whether cycle index is N, if for not, then return step (6);
(10) if the result in the step (9) is for being, then according to the calculated signals M≤N rank natural frequency of extraction in the step (8);
(11) read described natural frequency value and calculate the vibration shape coordinate at each measuring point place;
(12) signal processing is finished.
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