CN114858323B - Box girder bridge flexural deformation stress detection method based on laser displacement sensor - Google Patents
Box girder bridge flexural deformation stress detection method based on laser displacement sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114858323B CN114858323B CN202210417158.3A CN202210417158A CN114858323B CN 114858323 B CN114858323 B CN 114858323B CN 202210417158 A CN202210417158 A CN 202210417158A CN 114858323 B CN114858323 B CN 114858323B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009662 stress testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a box girder bridge flexural deformation stress detection method based on a laser displacement sensor, which comprises the following steps: a laser displacement sensor is arranged at the beam end of the box beam bridge; determining an observation point at the bottom of the box girder, arranging a target at the observation point, and enabling a reflecting surface of the target to be perpendicular to the emitting direction of the laser displacement sensor; establishing a coordinate system by taking the midpoint of the beam end of the box beam without load as an origin, and recording the coordinates of each observation pointAndload is applied to the box girder, the displacement of each observation point is monitored by a laser displacement sensor, and the coordinates of each observation point after displacement is recordedAndextracting coordinates of observation points under load conditionAndinputting the extracted coordinates into a flex function z (x) of the box girder which is simulated by adopting Origin software, and determining the section bending stress of the box girder based on the flex function z (x); the method has the advantages that the box girder structure is not damaged in the detection process, the influence of the surface finish of the box girder is avoided, and the section bending deformation stress of the box girder can be rapidly and accurately determined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting flexural deformation stress of a box girder bridge, in particular to a method for detecting flexural deformation stress of a box girder bridge based on a laser displacement sensor.
Background
The bridge is an important component in the traffic infrastructure, is an indispensable traffic carrier for people to travel, and has the structural safety which not only relates to the health and orderly development of various enterprises such as society, politics, economy, national defense and the like of the country, but also directly influences the life and property safety of people. In the box girder structure of the bridge, the box girder has the characteristics of high torsional rigidity, simple structure, strong plasticity and the like, and is widely used in bridge construction. In the operation process of the bridge, the girder is reduced in bearing capacity due to the repeated rolling of vehicles, the long-term oxidation of materials and other factors, so that the girder structure needs to be monitored healthily at regular intervals.
The stress state of the bridge girder is the comprehensive reflection of the health state of the bridge structure, and is an important technical parameter for judging the rigidity, the bearing capacity and the overall performance of the structure of the bridge. The girder is used as a carrier directly acted by load to generate deflection deformation under the load, and whether the stress performance meets the requirement or not determines the running safety directly, so that the strain, stress, vibration frequency and whether microcrack development of the girder under the dynamic and static load are required to be detected, the potential safety hazard of the bridge is timely discovered, and the occurrence of safety accidents is prevented.
The stress state of the main beam is mainly represented by the working stress state of the whole section after flexural deformation, and is one of important indexes for judging the safety state of the bridge. The local working stress of the main beam exceeds the allowable stress, so that the main beam can be cracked, and the repeated load and chemical corrosion cracks can be continuously developed, so that the safety of the whole structure is finally threatened, and the position of the cross section with the overlarge local stress of the main beam is discovered in time in bridge inspection. The stress testing methods commonly used at present are a mechanical method, a magnetic method, a diffraction method and an ultrasonic method. The traditional stress measurement methods, such as a mechanical method, a magnetic measurement method, a diffraction method and the like, have the advantages that a theoretical system is complete, a detection method is mature, the main stress size and direction of the surface of the component can be accurately measured, a stress distribution diagram is given, the detection period is long, the requirements on the surface finish degree of the component are high, and the operation process is complex due to the fact that a contact type measurement method is mostly adopted. Although the ultrasonic method is simple and convenient to operate, only average stress within a certain distance can be tested, and quantitative detection of a single point cannot be performed.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a new technical means is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for detecting the flexural deformation stress of a box girder bridge based on a laser displacement sensor, which has no damage to the box girder structure in the detection process, is not influenced by the surface finish of the box girder, can rapidly and accurately determine the section bending stress of the box girder, is beneficial to finding the position of the box girder with the least adverse stress in time, provides accurate data support for the operation and maintenance of the bridge, has simple operation process, shortens the detection period, and improves the detection efficiency.
The invention provides a box girder bridge flexural deformation stress detection method based on a laser displacement sensor, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a laser displacement sensor at a beam end of a box beam bridge;
s2, determining an observation point at the bottom of the box girder, arranging a target at the observation point, and enabling a reflecting surface of the target to be perpendicular to the emitting direction of the laser displacement sensor;
s3, establishing a coordinate system by taking the midpoint of the beam end of the box beam without load as an origin, and recording coordinates of each observation pointAnd->
S4, applying load to the box girder, monitoring the displacement of each observation point by a laser displacement sensor, and recording the coordinates of each observation point after displacementAnd->
Wherein: upper mark u-upper measuring point in initial state, d-upper measuring point in initial state, u '-deformed upper measuring point, d' -deformed lower measuring point, i-measuring point number, i=1, 2,3;
s5, extracting coordinates of observation points under load conditionAnd->And inputting the extracted coordinates to a flex function z (x) of the box girder fitted using Origin software, and determining a cross-sectional bending stress of the box girder based on the flex function z (x).
In step S2, observation points are set at 1/4 and 1/2 spans of the box girder, and the three observation points have equal intervals and the straight line where the three observation points are located has an included angle with the center line of the box girder in the length direction.
Further, the section bending stress of the box girder was determined by the following method:
wherein (1)>The cross section bending stress of the box girder is h, the vertical height of the cross section of the box girder is h, and E is the elastic modulus of the material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages that the box girder structure is not damaged in the detection process, the influence of the surface finish of the box girder is avoided, the section deformation stress of the box girder can be rapidly and accurately determined, the most adverse stress position of the box girder can be found in time, accurate data support is provided for the operation and maintenance of the bridge, the operation process is simple, the detection period is shortened, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a laser displacement sensor and an observation point according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the deflection deformation function.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the invention provides a box girder bridge flexural deformation stress detection method based on a laser displacement sensor, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a laser displacement sensor at a beam end of a box beam bridge;
s2, determining an observation point at the bottom of the box girder, arranging a target at the observation point, and enabling a reflecting surface of the target to be perpendicular to the emitting direction of the laser displacement sensor;
s3, establishing a coordinate system by taking the midpoint of the beam end of the box beam without load as an origin, and recording coordinates of each observation pointAnd->
S4, applying load to the box girder, monitoring the displacement of each observation point by a laser displacement sensor, and recording the coordinates of each observation point after displacementAnd->
Wherein: upper mark u-upper measuring point in initial state, d-upper measuring point in initial state, u '-deformed upper measuring point, d' -deformed lower measuring point, i-measuring point number, i=1, 2,3;
s5, extracting coordinates of observation points under load conditionAnd->Inputting the extracted coordinates into a deflection function z (x) of the box girder by adopting Origin software, and determining the section bending stress of the box girder based on the deflection function z (x), wherein the load comprises positive load and unbalanced load, and the torsional rigidity of the box girder is high under the load, so that the horizontal displacement and the transverse displacement of the box girder are small, and the deformation deflection mainly occurs in the vertical direction, so that the two coordinates are extracted;
by the method, the box girder structure is not damaged in the detection process, the influence of the surface finish of the box girder is avoided, the section deformation stress of the box girder can be rapidly and accurately determined, the position where the stress of the box girder is least favorable can be found in time, accurate data support is provided for the operation and maintenance of the bridge, the operation process is simple, the detection period is shortened, and the detection efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, in step S2, observation points are set at 1/4 and 1/2 spans of the box girder, and the distances between the three observation points are equal, and the straight line where the three observation points are located has an included angle with the center line of the length direction of the box girder, as shown in fig. 2, in this way, it can be ensured that there is no shielding between the observation points and the displacement sensor, thereby ensuring the integrity of data acquisition, more importantly: the accuracy of the curve fitting of the final Origin software to the deflection function z (x) can be ensured, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the final result.
Further, the section bending stress of the box girder was determined by the following method:
wherein (1)>H is the section vertical height of the box girder, E is the elastic modulus of the material; wherein, it is derived as follows:
the bending moment expression of the section under the load is as follows:
M(x)=-EIz”(x)(1);
the bending stress calculation formula is:
therefore, the formula (1) is substituted into the formula (2) to obtain a cross-sectional bending stress formula.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A box girder bridge flexural deformation stress detection method based on a laser displacement sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a laser displacement sensor at a beam end of a box beam bridge;
s2, determining an observation point at the bottom of the box girder, arranging a target at the observation point, and enabling a reflecting surface of the target to be perpendicular to the emitting direction of the laser displacement sensor;
s3, establishing a coordinate system by taking the midpoint of the beam end of the box beam without load as an origin, and recording coordinates of each observation pointAnd
s4, applying load to the box girder, monitoring the displacement of each observation point by a laser displacement sensor, and recording the coordinates of each observation point after displacementAnd->
Wherein: upper mark u-upper measuring point in initial state, d-upper measuring point in initial state, u '-deformed upper measuring point, d' -deformed lower measuring point, i-measuring point number, i=1, 2,3;
s5, extracting coordinates of observation points under load conditionAnd->Inputting the extracted coordinates into a flex function z (x) of the box girder which is simulated by adopting Origin software, and determining the section bending stress of the box girder based on the flex function z (x);
the section bending stress of the box girder is determined by the following method:
wherein (1)>The cross section bending stress of the box girder is h, the vertical height of the cross section of the box girder is h, and E is the elastic modulus of the material.
2. The method for detecting flexural deformation stress of a box girder bridge based on a laser displacement sensor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, observation points are arranged at 1/4 and 1/2 spans of the box girder, the distances among the three observation points are equal, and the straight line where the three observation points are located has an included angle with the central line of the box girder in the length direction.
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