CN105973469A - Unmanned plane borne hyperspectral image detector and method with function of synchronization radiation correction - Google Patents
Unmanned plane borne hyperspectral image detector and method with function of synchronization radiation correction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an unmanned plane borne hyperspectral image detector with a function of synchronization radiation correction, and the detector comprises a target spectrum image detector and an image processor which carries out data communication with the target spectrum image detector. The target spectrum image detector comprises a camera lens, a spectrum splitter and an image detector. One end, opposite to the camera lens, of the spectrum splitter is provided with a signal collection slit. The detector also comprises a reference light collector and a curved surface reflector. The reference light collector is disposed at an upper no-shading place of an unmanned plane. The curved surface reflector is disposed at one end of the signal collection slit of the spectrum splitter. Meanwhile, the invention also provides an unmanned plane borne hyperspectral image detection method with the function of synchronization radiation correction. The detector corrects the offset of the detection data in real time, facilitates the remarkable improvement of the data calculation precision, and is especially suitable for the sweeping detection of an unmanned plane borne hyperspectral image under the varied radiation conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter, more particularly relate to the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that a kind of synchrotron radiation is corrected, belong to spectrum picture Detection Techniques field.
Background technology
High spectrum image Detection Techniques, it it is the key technology of remote sensing in modern age, have and contain much information, detectivity is high, detect the advantages such as abundant in content, the trace of the faint or recessive composition of target area can be detected, its operation principle is: object self-luminescence or by outside energy radiate after, fluorescence is sent according to respective properties of materials, reflection, absorb, transmission, the spectrum such as refraction light, radiate to surrounding space, hyperspectral imager is mounted on unmanned plane, with unmanned plane during flying direction, the most earthward, carry out pushing away on a surface target sweeping detection, gather these radiation spectrum information, through the contrast computing with radiation source, parse clarification of objective spectral information, the reflectance calculation of sample is:
K=kc(Io-Da)/Ic-Db,
Wherein K---reflectance, kc---radiation of light source correction factor, Io---sample light intensity, Da---target detector dark current noise value, Db---ray detector dark current noise value, Ic---light source intensity.And in above-mentioned parameter, after Ic is completed to gather by light source reference detector, be stored in message handler, when carrying out sample reflectance analysis, then extract this data.
In actual airborne detection operation, the integrated signal that the signal that imaging spectrometer receives, mainly target component give off after being irradiated by sunlight and the daylight.But, when sunlight or the daylight as light source can be affected by weather and time, when producing intensity and wavelength change, the radiant light of target photographed object also synchronizes to change, and thus results in the bigger deviation of detection data.For correcting this radiation deviation, generally use and insert reference plate and the rectification way of additional independent radiometer, the not enough defects such as it is loaded down with trivial details that these methods all exist such as structure, correction accuracy difference.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: present invention aim at for the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that one can avoid detection data to deviate in the environment of lighting condition is changeable, it is ensured that the high push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter correcting accurate synchronization radiation rectification.
Meanwhile, the present invention also provides for the detection method of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that a kind of synchrotron radiation solving the problems referred to above is corrected.
nullTechnical scheme: first technical scheme that the present invention provides is: the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that a kind of band synchrotron radiation is corrected，The image processor of data communication is carried out including target optical spectrum image detector with described target optical spectrum image detector，Described target optical spectrum image detector includes photographic lens、Spectrum light splitter and image detector，One end that described spectrum light splitter is relative with described photographic lens arranges signals collecting slit，Also include reference light harvester and curved reflector，The unobstructed place, top that described reference light harvester is arranged at described unmanned plane，Described curved reflector is arranged at one end of the signals collecting slit of described spectrum light splitter，The optical signal of described reference light harvester is by the concave surface of fiber optic conduction to described curved reflector，Through described curved reflector the end of the signals collecting slit focusing on described spectrum light splitter.
Being further defined to of the technical program, described reference light harvester is to correct with cosine and the harvester insensitive to light source direction.
Another technical scheme that the present invention provides is: the detection method of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that band synchrotron radiation is corrected, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
S1, the photographic lens of target optical spectrum image detector gather target image optical signal, and are sent at signals collecting slit by target image optical signal；
Meanwhile, reference light harvester gathers reference optical signal, and is sent at the signals collecting slit of described spectrum light splitter by described reference optical signal；
Above two optical signal side by side but does not mixes, and projects at collection slit simultaneously；
S2, target image optical signal and reference optical signal are sent to spectrum light splitter through signals collecting slit simultaneously, by signal syntheses to same picture frame after image detector incoming image processor just store；
In picture frame, target image optical signal and reference optical signal respectively occupy fixing region；
S3, when carrying out data and processing, open picture frame, extract destination image data and reference light data from corresponding position respectively, directly process.
Being further defined to of the technical program, when in step S3, extraction target image optical signal directly processes with reference optical signal, to the calculation of target sample reflectance be:
K=Io-D/aIc-D,
Wherein, Io is target image light signal strength, and Ic is reference optical signal intensity, and a is that reference light imports coefficient, D is detector dark current noise figure.
Further, also comprise the steps: to take district to set up region of interest ROI at reference light, the reference optical signal of region of interest ROI is monitored in real time, change according to this region light intensity, feedback data is provided for data processor, data processor adjusts the parameter of target optical spectrum image detector (2) automatically, and the collection to target image optical signal realizes Dynamic radiation rectification.
Beneficial effect: the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter of the synchrotron radiation rectification that (1) present invention provides and method, target image optical signal and reference optical signal are recorded simultaneously in same detector, realize synchronizing detection, synchronize storage, therefore its light exposure, dark current noise value, camera temperature characterisitic, the different kinds of parameters such as detection time are the most consistent, detection data is avoided to deviate, synchronous acquisition and utilization with particular reference to light, avoid the detecting error caused in a large number and the impact on detection accuracy of the environmental condition limitation because of climate change, be conducive to data operation accurate, it is particularly suitable for that there is pushing away of high density wave band high-spectrum image signal and sweeps collection；
(2) this method is by target image optical signal and reference optical signal record in same image data file, removes the operation of file coupling from, saves data space, simplifies processing routine, is conducive to the most online real-time operation to process；
(3) target image optical signal detection and reference optical signal are detected and share same signal transmission line by the present invention, have simplified number of parts, have reduced equipment volume, have improve integrated level；
(4) present invention realizes the auto-exposure control that target image gathers, and reaches the purpose of spectrum picture detection Dynamic radiation correction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that Fig. 1 corrects for the synchrotron radiation that the present invention provides；
Target image optical signal that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention and reference optical signal occupy the schematic diagram in region in slit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Embodiment 1 :The present embodiment provides the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that a kind of synchrotron radiation is corrected, its structural representation is as it is shown in figure 1, include reference light harvester 1, target optical spectrum image detector 2, curved reflector 6 and carry out the image processor of data communication with described target detector 2.
Target optical spectrum image detector 2 is conventional target optical spectrum image detector, including photographic lens 3, spectrum light splitter 4 and image detector 5, one end that described spectrum light splitter 4 is relative with described photographic lens 3 arranges signals collecting slit 7, this slit is hollow out or above covers transparent medium, medium can use glass or resin, can select according to actual needs.
Reference light harvester 1 is to correct with cosine and the harvester insensitive to light source direction, is arranged at the unobstructed place, top of described unmanned plane, Real-time Collection reference optical signal.
Because the signals collecting slit of spectrum light splitter 4 70 points is tiny, and the conduction fiber end face structure of reference light harvester 1 is bigger, if directly reference optical signal to be close to slit 7, direct-coupling, will block target imaging optical signal adjacent thereto, therefore, the present embodiment have employed curved reflector 6, curved reflector 6 is obliquely installed one end of the signals collecting slit 7 in described spectrum light splitter 4, and its concave surface is just to signals collecting slit 7.The position of curved reflector 6 sets to be needed through accurately adjusting, can implement function such as: the optical signal of reference light harvester 1, by the concave surface of the emergent ray of fiber optic conduction to described curved reflector 6, focuses on the end position of the signals collecting slit 7 of described spectrum light splitter 4 after described curved reflector 6 reflects.And, the curved reflector 6 that the present embodiment uses has full spectrum segment achromatism and focusing function.
The detection method of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that the synchrotron radiation that the present embodiment provides is corrected, step is as follows:
S1, the photographic lens 3 of target optical spectrum image detector 2 gather target image optical signal, and are sent at signals collecting slit 7 by target image optical signal.
Meanwhile, reference light harvester 1 gathers reference optical signal, and is sent to by described reference optical signal at the signals collecting slit 7 of described spectrum light splitter 4.Above two optical signal side by side but does not mixes, project at collection slit simultaneously, two kinds of optical signal projection schematic diagrams are as shown in Figure 2, correspondence position on x hand designations slit, the spectral band that y hand designations is corresponding, it can be seen that reference optical signal occupies the V section in slit x direction, target image optical signal occupies the W section in slit x direction.
S2, target image optical signal and reference optical signal are sent to spectrum light splitter 4 through signals collecting slit 7 simultaneously, by signal syntheses to same picture frame after image detector 5 incoming image processor just store.
In picture frame, target image optical signal and reference optical signal respectively occupy fixing region.
S3, carry out data process time, open picture frame, extract target image optical signal simultaneously and directly process with reference optical signal, it is possible to be used for full figure is carried out the computing of the projects such as such as reflectance, without making reference the time match of light file again, the computing such as relative detector calibration.
Such as: when extraction target image optical signal directly processes with reference optical signal, to the calculation of target sample reflectance be:
K=Io-D/aIc-D,
Wherein, Io is target image light signal strength, and Ic is reference optical signal intensity, and a is that light source imports coefficient, and D is detector dark current noise figure.
S4, district is taked to set up region of interest ROI at reference light, the reference optical signal of region of interest ROI is monitored in real time, change according to this region light intensity, feedback data is provided for data processor, data processor adjusts the parameter of target optical spectrum image detector (2) automatically, and the collection to target image optical signal realizes Dynamic radiation rectification.
In some automatically controls the system of light exposure, can be by the gatherer process of the photographic lens 3 of target optical spectrum image detector 2, by taking district to set up area-of-interest (ROI) at reference light, change according to this region light intensity, automatically the exposure parameter of detector is adjusted by computer system or microprocessor, make it obtain consistent exposure effect, reach the purpose of spectrum picture detection Dynamic radiation correction.
Although as it has been described above, represented and described the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiment, but it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Under the spirit and scope of the present invention premise defined without departing from claims, can various changes can be made in the form and details to it.
Claims (5)
- null1. the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that a band synchrotron radiation is corrected，The image processor of data communication is carried out including target optical spectrum image detector (2) with described target optical spectrum image detector (2)，Described target optical spectrum image detector (2) includes photographic lens (3)、Spectrum light splitter (4) and image detector (5)，One end that described spectrum light splitter (4) is relative with described photographic lens (3) arranges signals collecting slit (7)，It is characterized in that，Also include reference light harvester (1) and curved reflector (6)，Described reference light harvester (1) is arranged at the unobstructed place, top of described unmanned plane，Described curved reflector (6) is arranged at one end of the signals collecting slit (7) of described spectrum light splitter (4)，The optical signal of described reference light harvester (1) is by the concave surface of fiber optic conduction to described curved reflector (6)，Reflect through described curved reflector (6) and focus on the end of signals collecting slit (7) of described spectrum light splitter (4).
- The push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that a kind of band synchrotron radiation the most according to claim 1 is corrected, it is characterised in that described reference light harvester (1) is to correct with cosine and the harvester insensitive to light source direction.
- The detection method of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that band synchrotron radiation the most according to claim 1 and 2 is corrected, it is characterised in that step is as follows:S1, the photographic lens (3) of target optical spectrum image detector (2) gather target image optical signal, and target image optical signal are sent to signals collecting slit (7) place；Meanwhile, reference light harvester (1) gathers reference optical signal, and described reference optical signal is sent to signals collecting slit (7) place of described spectrum light splitter (4)；Above two optical signal side by side but does not mixes, and projects at collection slit simultaneously；S2, target image optical signal and reference optical signal are sent to spectrum light splitter (4) through signals collecting slit (7) simultaneously, by signal syntheses to same picture frame after image detector (5) incoming image processor just store；In picture frame, target image optical signal and reference optical signal respectively occupy fixing region；S3, when carrying out data and processing, open picture frame, extract destination image data and reference light data from corresponding position respectively, directly process.
- The detection method of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that band synchrotron radiation the most according to claim 3 is corrected, it is characterised in that in step S3 When extraction target image optical signal directly processes with reference optical signal, to the calculation of target sample reflectance it is:K=Io-D/aIc-D,Wherein, Io is target image light signal strength, and Ic is reference optical signal intensity, and a is that reference light imports coefficient, D is detector dark current noise figure.
- The detection method of the push-broom type UAV system high spectrum image survey meter that band synchrotron radiation the most according to claim 3 is corrected, it is characterized in that, also comprise the steps: to take district to set up region of interest ROI at reference light, the reference optical signal of region of interest ROI is monitored in real time, change according to this region light intensity, feedback data is provided for data processor, data processor adjusts the parameter of target optical spectrum image detector (2) automatically, and the collection to target image optical signal realizes Dynamic radiation rectification.
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| CN109300091A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-02-01 | 首都师范大学 | Radiance bearing calibration and device |
| CN109521415A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-26 | 上海同繁勘测工程科技有限公司 | Radiant correction apparatus and system |
| CN110850436A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring spectrum of airborne hyperspectral imaging laser radar in real time |
| CN112357107A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所杭州大江东空间信息技术研究院 | Hyperspectral push-broom imaging system carried on six-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle |
| WO2022217486A1 (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-10-20 | 长光禹辰信息技术与装备(青岛)有限公司 | Correction method for spectral imaging device, and spectral imaging device |
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