CN110186566B - Two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method and system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of light field camera - Google Patents
Two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method and system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of light field camera Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a temperature measurementThe two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method and system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera in the technical field comprise the following steps: step S1, calibrating the multispectral temperature measurement system of the light field camera to obtain the corresponding relation between the output signal intensity of the camera and the standard temperature; step S2, imaging the high-temperature component, and collecting a light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image; step S3, decoupling the light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image; step S4, calculating the real temperature corresponding to the multi-spectral image of the macro-pixel one by one, obtaining an initial two-dimensional real temperature field image, and marking as an initial image t; step S5, filtering the image t by adopting a guide filtering method to obtain an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image which is marked as an optimized image t0. The invention improves the two-dimensional temperature field solution accuracy and promotes the development of the multispectral radiation temperature measurement technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and particularly relates to a two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method and system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera.
Background
At present, the temperature measurement mode of the high-temperature component can be divided into contact temperature measurement and non-contact temperature measurement. The non-contact temperature measurement is mainly based on a radiation temperature measurement method, and comprises a brightness temperature measurement method, a colorimetric temperature measurement method, a multispectral radiation temperature measurement method and the like.
The multispectral temperature measurement method is widely applied to the radiation temperature measurement field by measuring the radiance of multiple wavelengths (several to dozens of different wavelengths) and calculating the true temperature of a target according to the emissivity. The traditional multispectral pyrometer is generally used for point measurement or has a small measurement area, so that the whole two-dimensional temperature field of the surface of a measured object is difficult to obtain, and the local error of the measured object cannot be avoided. When the surface temperature of an aircraft, a turbine blade and other high-temperature components is measured, in order to obtain a two-dimensional temperature field of the surface of the high-temperature components, avoid local errors and evaluate the overall working state of the high-temperature components more clearly and accurately, researchers provide an optical system based on Charge-coupled Device (CCD) temperature measurement and an applicable algorithm thereof.
In recent years, with the rapid development of software and hardware in the field of computer vision, research on a planar array CCD radiation temperature measurement method at home and abroad is greatly improved. However, at present, one color photosensitive chip can only collect the multi-spectrum of three bands (RGB), and if a camera array or a multi-path light splitting mode is needed to realize more multi-spectrum image collection, the optical collection system is still very complex and is difficult to be practical, and the construction of a proper multi-spectrum imaging system is still an important problem in the field.
In order to solve the problems, researchers adopt a multispectral imaging system of a light field camera to collect multispectral images for resolving a two-dimensional real temperature field, but the accuracy of the obtained final two-dimensional real temperature field is low at present.
Through the search of the prior art, the Chinese invention has a patent number of CN201710021578.9, the invention name is a multispectral light field imaging method, and the adopted hardware comprises: the broadband filter array, the heterogeneous camera array, the control panel array and the information combined processing device are sequentially arranged along the light path direction. The imaging method comprises the following steps: placing broadband filters with different wavelengths between each camera lens and the sensor of the heterogeneous camera array, so that each camera in the camera array receives spectral information of a fixed waveband; stereo matching based on a convolutional neural network is carried out on the multi-channel information acquired by the camera array through an information joint processing device so as to acquire the angle information of incident light, and light field information in the full view field range is acquired; and calibrating the cameras and aligning the view fields according to the distribution positions of the cameras, and acquiring multiband spectral information of which the number is three times that of the cameras under the view angle of any camera in the camera array through spectral demultiplexing. The method has lower resolving precision on the two-dimensional temperature field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method and a system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera. The real temperature calculation method based on the Lagrange multiplier method is provided by considering the imaging characteristics of the light field camera, and meanwhile, the two-dimensional temperature field is optimized by adopting guiding filtering, so that the core problem of multispectral temperature measurement of the light field camera is solved, and the development of the multispectral radiation temperature measurement technology is promoted.
The invention provides a two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, calibrating the multispectral temperature measurement system of the light field camera to obtain the corresponding relation between the output signal intensity of the camera and the standard temperature;
s2, imaging the high-temperature component, and collecting a light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image;
s3, decoupling the light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image;
s4, calculating the real temperature corresponding to the multi-spectral images of the macropixel one by one, acquiring an initial two-dimensional real temperature field image, and marking the image as an initial image t;
s5, filtering the image t by adopting a guide filtering method to obtain an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image which is marked as an optimized image t0。
In some embodiments, in step S4, the real temperatures corresponding to the multi-spectral images of the macro-pixels are solved one by using a lagrange multiplier method.
In some embodiments, the step of optimizing the initialization image t by the guided filtering method in step S5 includes:
step A: generating a guide image I from the high-temperature part image v;
and B: solving a guide image I;
and C: filtering the temperature image t by taking the I as a guide image to obtain an optimized temperature field image t0。
In some embodiments, in step a, the high-temperature component image v is obtained by extracting pixels at the same relative position from the macro-pixel image by using a light field camera multi-view image decoupling method to obtain the central wavelength λCLower high temperature part image v.
In some embodiments, in the step B, a ridge regression is used to solve the parameters corresponding to the object.
In some embodiments, the optimized temperature field image t is obtained in step C by0：
Wherein, Wij(I) Representing weights in a weighted average operation determined from the pilot image I，tjIs the jth pixel gray value in the image t.
A two-dimensional real temperature field imaging system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera adopts a two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of the light field camera, and comprises an initial image generation module and an optimized initial image module;
the initial image generation module comprises a calibration module, an acquisition module, a decoupling module and a real temperature measurement module, wherein after the calibration module corresponds the camera output signal intensity and the standard temperature, the acquisition module acquires a light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image through an imaged high-temperature component, the decoupling module performs decoupling processing on the macro-pixel multispectral image to convert multispectral two-dimensional image data into single-dimensional multispectral data, and the real temperature measurement module obtains an initial two-dimensional real temperature field image t after converting the single-dimensional multispectral data into a real temperature corresponding to the macro-pixel multispectral image;
the optimized initial image module processes the initial two-dimensional real temperature field image in a guiding filtering mode to obtain an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image t0。
In some embodiments, the true temperature measurement module converts the single-dimensional multispectral data into a true temperature corresponding to the macropixel multispectral image by a lagrange multiplier method.
In some embodiments, in the guiding filtering manner adopted by the initial image optimizing module, a guiding image I is first generated from the high-temperature component image v, then the guiding image I is solved, and finally the guiding image I is used for filtering the temperature image t to obtain an optimized temperature field image t0。
In some embodiments, the guide image I is obtained by extracting pixels at the same relative position from a macro-pixel image by using a light field camera multi-view image decoupling method to obtain the central wavelength λCAnd (c) a lower high temperature part image v, and generating a guide image I from the image v.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a real temperature calculation method based on a Lagrange multiplier method by considering the imaging characteristics of a light field camera, and simultaneously optimizes a two-dimensional temperature field by adopting guide filtering, thereby improving the calculation precision of the two-dimensional temperature field and promoting the development of a multispectral radiation temperature measurement technology.
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Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a basic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the multispectral temperature measurement system of the light field camera of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a multi-spectral image of a light field camera according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light field multispectral image decoupling process in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the basic operation flow of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the basic framework of the adopted multispectral imaging system is shown in figure 2.
Calibrating a multispectral temperature measurement system of the light field camera by using a black body furnace or a tungsten lamp to obtain the corresponding relation between the intensity of the output signal of the camera and the standard temperature; secondly, imaging the high-temperature component, and collecting a multispectral image of the light field camera, wherein the schematic diagram of the original image is shown in fig. 3. Then, according to the light field camera multi-view image decoupling method, the light field camera multi-spectral image is decoupled, multi-spectral two-dimensional image data is converted into single-dimensional multi-spectral data, and the decoupling process is shown in the attached figure 4.
After the multispectral image of the light field camera is resolved, the real temperature is resolved by adopting a Lagrange multiplier method based on the multispectral radiation temperature measurement theory, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
first, an objective function is constructed. According to the multi-spectral radiation temperature measurement theory, when n wave bands exist, the output signal intensity V of the ith channeliCan be written as:
wherein,
the calibration coefficient is the product of the sensitivity coefficient of the sensor, the absorption coefficient and the first constant radiation constant; (lambdaiAnd T) is the spectral emissivity of the target true temperature T; e represents a natural constant, C2Is a second radiation constant; lambda [ alpha ]iIs the effective wavelength of the ith channel; t is the true temperature of the target.
According to the calibration data, when the reference temperature is T', the output signal intensity V of the ith channel can be obtained from the formula (1)i' is (in general)
Then
)：
Dividing the logarithm of the formula (1) and (2) and finishing to obtain:
when (lambda)iT) the luminance temperature T of a single spectral channel when knowniShould be equal to the true temperature T, i.e.:
wherein E represents expectation;
an objective function can thus be constructed:
order to
xi＝ln(λiT), which can be obtained from the formula (3),
then
Second, constraints are constructed. Due to emissivity 0 < (lambda)iT) < 1, thus xiIf less than 0, the inequality constraint condition is obtained.
And finally, constructing a Lagrangian function and solving. Constructing a Lagrangian function:
wherein x is ═ x1，x2…xn]TIs an independent variable, γ ═ γ1，γ2…γn]TIs the Lagrange multiplier, σ ═ σ1，σ2…σn]TIs the relaxation variable.
Then L (x, γ, σ) is at x0The necessary conditions for taking the extreme value are as follows:
wherein L is L (x, gamma, sigma), and x is obtained according to the formula0I.e. the optimal solution, and then the true temperature can be calculated. The real temperature corresponding to each macro-pixel multispectral image can be calculated in sequence by the same method, and a two-dimensional real temperature field image t is obtained.
Then, according to the imaging sampling characteristics of the light field camera, the two-dimensional temperature field is optimized by adopting guide filtering, and the specific process is as follows:
firstly, extracting pixels at the same relative position from a macro-pixel image by using a light field camera multi-view image decoupling method to obtain a central wavelength lambdaCAnd (c) a lower high temperature part image v, and generating a guide image I from the image v.
Next, the guide image I is solved. Since the guide image I and the high temperature part image v are local linear models in a two-dimensional window, assume akAnd bkIs the coefficient of the linear function when the window center is at k, then vi＝akIi+bkWherein v isiIs the ith pixel gray value, I, in the image viIs the ith pixel gray scale value in image I. Solving the parameter a corresponding to the target by ridge regressionkAnd bk：
Wherein, ω iskFor a window of pixels centered at pixel k, e is the regularization term coefficient.
And finally, filtering the temperature image t by taking the I as a guide image to obtain an optimized temperature field image t0：
Wherein, Wij(I) Representing the weights in the weighted average operation determined by the pilot image I,tjis the jth pixel gray value in the image t. Thus, a two-dimensional temperature field after guiding filtering can be obtained, and finally an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image is obtained.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention further provides a two-dimensional true temperature field imaging system based on multispectral temperature measurement of a light field camera, which adopts the two-dimensional true temperature field imaging method based on multispectral temperature measurement of a light field camera described in embodiment 1, and comprises an initial image generation module and an optimized initial image module;
the initial image generation module comprises a calibration module, an acquisition module, a decoupling module and a real temperature measurement module, wherein after the calibration module corresponds the camera output signal intensity and the standard temperature, the acquisition module acquires a light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image through an imaged high-temperature component, the decoupling module performs decoupling processing on the macro-pixel multispectral image to convert multispectral two-dimensional image data into single-dimensional multispectral data, and the real temperature measurement module obtains an initial two-dimensional real temperature field image t after converting the single-dimensional multispectral data into a real temperature corresponding to the macro-pixel multispectral image;
the optimized initial image module processes the initial two-dimensional real temperature field image in a guiding filtering mode to obtain an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image t0。
The real temperature measurement module converts the single-dimensional multispectral data into the real temperature corresponding to the macropixel multispectral image by the lagrangian multiplier method, and the specific steps are the same as the conversion process in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
In a guiding filtering mode adopted by the initial image optimizing module, firstly a guiding image I is generated by a high-temperature component image v, secondly the guiding image I is solved, and finally the guiding image I is used for filtering a temperature image t to obtain an optimized temperature field image t0。
The corresponding solving process in this embodiment 2 is the same as that in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
Claims (9)
1. A two-dimensional real temperature field imaging method based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, calibrating the multispectral temperature measurement system of the light field camera to obtain the corresponding relation between the output signal intensity of the camera and the standard temperature;
s2, imaging the high-temperature component, and collecting a light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image;
s3, decoupling the light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image;
s4, calculating the real temperature corresponding to the multi-spectral images of the macropixel one by one, acquiring an initial two-dimensional real temperature field image, and marking the image as an initial image t;
s5, filtering the image t by adopting a guide filtering method to obtain an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image which is marked as an optimized image t0；
In step S4, real temperatures corresponding to the macropixel multispectral images are solved one by using a lagrange multiplier method.
2. The two-dimensional true temperature field imaging method based on multispectral thermometry of a light field camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of optimizing the initialization image t by the guided filtering method in step S5 comprises:
step A: generating a guide image I from the high-temperature part image v;
and B: solving a guide image I;
and C: filtering the temperature image t by taking the I as a guide image to obtain an optimized temperature field image t0。
3. The two-dimensional true temperature field imaging method based on multispectral temperature measurement of a light field camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step A, the high-temperature component image v is obtained by extracting pixels at the same relative position from a macro-pixel image by using a light field camera multi-view image decoupling method to obtain the central wavelength λCLower high temperature part image v.
4. The two-dimensional true temperature field imaging method based on multispectral thermometry of a light field camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step B, a ridge regression is adopted to solve the parameters corresponding to the target.
5. The two-dimensional true temperature field imaging method based on multispectral thermometry of a light field camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step C the optimized temperature field image t is obtained by0：
Wherein, Wij(I) Representing the weight, t, in the weighted average operation determined by the guide image IjIs the jth pixel gray value in the image t.
6. A two-dimensional true temperature field imaging system based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of a light field camera is characterized in that the two-dimensional true temperature field imaging method based on multi-spectrum temperature measurement of the light field camera in any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and comprises an initial image generation module and an optimized initial image module;
the initial image generation module comprises a calibration module, an acquisition module, a decoupling module and a real temperature measurement module, wherein after the calibration module corresponds the camera output signal intensity and the standard temperature, the acquisition module acquires a light field camera macro-pixel multispectral image through an imaged high-temperature component, the decoupling module performs decoupling processing on the macro-pixel multispectral image to convert multispectral two-dimensional image data into single-dimensional multispectral data, and the real temperature measurement module obtains an initial two-dimensional real temperature field image t after converting the single-dimensional multispectral data into a real temperature corresponding to the macro-pixel multispectral image;
the optimized initial image module processes the initial two-dimensional real temperature field image in a guiding filtering mode to obtain an optimized two-dimensional real temperature field image t0。
7. The two-dimensional true temperature field imaging system based on light field camera multispectral thermometry according to claim 6, wherein the true temperature measurement module converts the single-dimensional multispectral data into the true temperature corresponding to the macropixel multispectral image by a Lagrangian multiplier method.
8. The light field camera multispectral thermometry-based two-dimensional true temperature field imaging system of claim 6, wherein in the guided filtering manner adopted by the optimized initial image module, a guide image I is firstly generated from the high-temperature component image v, then the guide image I is solved, and finally the temperature image t is filtered by the guide image I to obtain the optimized temperature field image t0。
9. The two-dimensional true temperature field imaging system based on light field camera multispectral temperature measurement as claimed in claim 8, wherein the guide image I is obtained by extracting pixels at the same relative position from a macro-pixel image by using a light field camera multi-view image decoupling method to obtain the central wavelength λCAnd (c) a lower high temperature part image v, and generating a guide image I from the image v.
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